de.pangaea.dataset995594 und dataset PANGAEA
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https://www.pangaea.de/ information pointOfContact 2026-07-15T18:23:12Z https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.995594 <gco:CharacterString>IntCal20 age calibrations for the largest (M ≥5.9) known explosive eruptions between 90°N and 20°S, since 11.7 ka</gco:CharacterString> 2026-06-23T07:06:33 publication Paine, Alice R
alice.paine@unibas.ch
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4404-3021 information author Baldini, James
james.baldini@durham.ac.yk
author Rex, Charlie L https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2068-4836 information author Sigl, Michael
michael.sigl@unibe.ch
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9028-9703 information author Pausata, Francesco S R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5182-8420 information author Brown, Richard J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-9490 information author PANGAEA
info@pangaea.de
https://www.pangaea.de/ information publisher tableDigital Uncalibrated (14C), calibrated (IntCal20), and corresponding ice core-derived ages for the 51 largest known Holocene eruptions between 90 degrees north, and 20 degrees south. IntCal20 ages listed are those presented in Paine et al. Evidence for volcanic forcing of Holocene cold events - where individual 14C ages were recalibrated using the IntCal20 curve, and modelled within the OxCal online version 4.4 model (https://c14.arch.ox.ac.uk/oxcal.html). All ages are given in years before present, where "present" corresponds to 1950 CE. Inclusion of an event in this list followed a two-stage compilation process; as part of the aforementioned study. The first stage involved extraction of eruption data from the Large Magnitude Explosive Eruption database (LaMEVE). Eruptions were immediately removed if they did not correspond to our pre-defined criteria for location (90 deg. N to 20 deg. S) and age (~11700–600 yr BP). A conservative magnitude filter of M≥5.9 was initially applied to our search, where M is quantified to one decimal point. Thus, eruptions listed as M=5.9 includes all eruptions with M values between 5.9 and 6.0. Eruptions with magnitudes listed as 5.9 were independently assessed in order to verify volumetric estimations, and their associated magnitude calculations. The second stage of data compilation involved a thorough intra-study comparison, where volumetric and chronological data was cross-checked with all literature currently available for each eruption individually: to determine the consistency in values. Where possible, magnitude estimates were also cross-checked across different modes of data acquisition (e.g., geological, geophysical, and model-based), to ensure that the values provided in the literature were consistent across different methods of estimation. From the 51 eruptions that remained in our compilation following stages (1) and (2), ages for 45 are derived from 14C (radiocarbon) dating. completed Paine, Alice R
alice.paine@unibas.ch
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4404-3021 information principalInvestigator chronology eruption explosive Holocene OxCal Radiocarbon radiocarbon dates volcanic activity volcanic eruption theme <gco:CharacterString>PANGAEA Keyword List</gco:CharacterString> 1995-01-01 creation PANGAEA
info@pangaea.de
https://www.pangaea.de/ information pointOfContact copyright copyright CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International textTable und geoscientificInformation 14.43 -17.329999999999984 -16.25 64.42 Event label thematicClassification Source volcano thematicClassification Location thematicClassification LATITUDE thematicClassification LONGITUDE thematicClassification Unit thematicClassification Age, dated physicalMeasurement Age, uncalibrated; Uncalibrated Age (ka BP) ka BP ka BP Age, dated, error physicalMeasurement Age, uncalibrated; Uncalibrated Age Error (kyr) ± ± Reference/source thematicClassification Uncalibrated Age Reference(s) Uniform resource locator/link to source data file thematicClassification Age, dated physicalMeasurement Age, IntCal20; IntCal20 Age (ka BP); Median ka BP ka BP Age, dated, error physicalMeasurement Age, IntCal20; IntCal20 Age Error (kyr), Median ± ± Ice age physicalMeasurement Ice Core Age (ka BP) ka BP ka BP Ice age, error physicalMeasurement Ice Core Age Error (kyr) ± ± Reference/source thematicClassification Ice Core Age Reference(s) Uniform resource locator/link to source data file thematicClassification Uniform resource locator/link to source data file thematicClassification Age, dated physicalMeasurement see comment; Final Eruption Age (ka BP) ka BP ka BP Age, dated, error physicalMeasurement Final Eruption Age Error (kyr) ± ± Method comment thematicClassification Determined by… text/tab-separated-values unknown https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.995594?format=textfile download dataset The data set was checked for completeness, correctness, and consistency of metainformation. Validity of used methods was checked and - if applicable - precision and range of data. EVENT LABEL: Aira_volcano * LATITUDE: 31.590000 * LONGITUDE: 130.660000 EVENT LABEL: Ambrym_volcano * LATITUDE: -16.250000 * LONGITUDE: 168.120000 EVENT LABEL: Aniakchak_volcano * LATITUDE: 56.880000 * LONGITUDE: -158.170000 EVENT LABEL: Avachinsky_volcano * LATITUDE: 53.260000 * LONGITUDE: 158.830000 EVENT LABEL: Black_Peak_volcano * LATITUDE: 56.550000 * LONGITUDE: -158.780000 EVENT LABEL: Ceboruco_volcano * LATITUDE: 21.130000 * LONGITUDE: -104.510000 EVENT LABEL: Changbaishan_volcano * LATITUDE: 41.980000 * LONGITUDE: 128.080000 EVENT LABEL: Churchill_volcano * LATITUDE: 61.380000 * LONGITUDE: -141.750000 EVENT LABEL: Dakataua_volcano * LATITUDE: -5.060000 * LONGITUDE: 150.110000 EVENT LABEL: Fisher_volcano * LATITUDE: 54.650000 * LONGITUDE: -164.430000 EVENT LABEL: Grimsvötn_volcano (Grímsvötn) * LATITUDE: 64.420000 * LONGITUDE: -17.330000 EVENT LABEL: Illopango_volcano * LATITUDE: 13.670000 * LONGITUDE: -89.050000 EVENT LABEL: Kaguyak_volcano * LATITUDE: 58.610000 * LONGITUDE: -154.030000 EVENT LABEL: Karkar_volcano * LATITUDE: -4.650000 * LONGITUDE: 145.960000 EVENT LABEL: Karymsky_volcano * LATITUDE: 54.050000 * LONGITUDE: 159.450000 EVENT LABEL: Katla_volcano * LATITUDE: 63.633000 * LONGITUDE: -19.050000 * LOCATION: Iceland * METHOD/DEVICE: Multiple investigations EVENT LABEL: Khangar_volcano * LATITUDE: 54.750000 * LONGITUDE: 157.380000 EVENT LABEL: Kikai_volcano * LATITUDE: 30.790000 * LONGITUDE: 130.310000 EVENT LABEL: Krakatau_volcano * LATITUDE: -6.100000 * LONGITUDE: 105.420000 EVENT LABEL: Ksudach_volcano * LATITUDE: 51.800000 * LONGITUDE: 157.530000 EVENT LABEL: Kurile_Lake * LATITUDE: 51.450000 * LONGITUDE: 157.120000 EVENT LABEL: Long_Island_volcano * LATITUDE: -5.360000 * LONGITUDE: 147.120000 EVENT LABEL: Lvinaya_Past_volcano * LATITUDE: 44.610000 * LONGITUDE: 146.990000 EVENT LABEL: Makushin_volcano * LATITUDE: 53.890000 * LONGITUDE: -166.920000 EVENT LABEL: Mashu_volcano * LATITUDE: 43.570000 * LONGITUDE: 144.570000 EVENT LABEL: Mazama_volcano * LATITUDE: 42.930000 * LONGITUDE: -122.120000 EVENT LABEL: Mount_St_Helens * LATITUDE: 46.199440 * LONGITUDE: -122.191110 * LOCATION: Mount St. Helens, USA EVENT LABEL: Okmok * LATITUDE: 53.432000 * LONGITUDE: -168.130000 * METHOD/DEVICE: Multiple investigations EVENT LABEL: Opala_volcano * LATITUDE: 52.540000 * LONGITUDE: 157.340000 EVENT LABEL: Oshima-Oshima_volcano * LATITUDE: 41.510000 * LONGITUDE: 139.370000 EVENT LABEL: Pago_volcano * LATITUDE: -5.580000 * LONGITUDE: 150.520000 EVENT LABEL: Pinatubo_volcano * LATITUDE: 15.130000 * LONGITUDE: 120.350000 EVENT LABEL: Rabaul_volcano * LATITUDE: -4.270000 * LONGITUDE: 152.200000 EVENT LABEL: Rinjani_volcano * LATITUDE: -8.420000 * LONGITUDE: 116.470000 EVENT LABEL: Santorini_volcano * LATITUDE: 36.400000 * LONGITUDE: 25.400000 EVENT LABEL: Semisopochnoi_volcano * LATITUDE: 51.930000 * LONGITUDE: 179.580000 EVENT LABEL: Taal_volcano * LATITUDE: 14.000000 * LONGITUDE: 120.990000 EVENT LABEL: Tao-Rusyr_volcano * LATITUDE: 49.350000 * LONGITUDE: 154.700000 EVENT LABEL: Ulleungdo_volcano * LATITUDE: 37.500000 * LONGITUDE: 130.870000 EVENT LABEL: Veniaminof_volcano * LATITUDE: 56.170000 * LONGITUDE: -159.380000 EVENT LABEL: Vesuvius_volcano * LATITUDE: 40.820000 * LONGITUDE: 14.430000 Related to <gco:CharacterString>Evidence for volcanic forcing of Holocene cold events</gco:CharacterString> 2026-01-01 publication https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73492-4 Paine, Alice R
alice.paine@unibas.ch
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4404-3021 information author Baldini, J U L author Rex, Charlie L https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2068-4836 information author Sigl, Michael
michael.sigl@unibe.ch
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9028-9703 information author Pausata, Francesco S R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5182-8420 information author Brown, Richard J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-9490 information author documentDigital Nature Communications