Rückert Janna Elisabeth janna.rueckert@uni-bremen.de 0000-0001-9885-6576 Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen IUP https://ror.org/04ers2y35 Bühler Linnu l.buehler@uni-koeln.de University of Cologne https://ror.org/00rcxh774 Mewes Lars-Hendrik lars.mewes@slf.ch WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF https://ror.org/04pzmmv39 Risse Nils nils.risse@ecmwf.int 0000-0002-7267-9353 University of Cologne https://ror.org/00rcxh774 2026 Snow and ice surface near-infrared (NIR) images collected during RV POLARSTERN cruise PS144 dataset https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.993938 2026-05-21T08:19:04 During the Polarstern cruise PS144 from August 2024 to October 2024 in the central Arctic Ocean snow and ice surface near-infrared images were collected on 10 ice stations. The device, called SnowImager (snowimager.ch), consists of a near infrared illumination system and two cameras to capture the reflected light while the housing acts as a light shield. The width and height of the inside of the box is 30 cm x 40 cm. The NIR camera records images at two dedicated wavelenghts, 850 nm and 940 nm. The specific surface area and density of the snow can be derived from these reflectance images. Calibration images were taken at the start of each station. We performed two types of measurements: Either we took images of the snow/surface scattering layer surface along transects, or, if the snow was sufficiently deep, we used the SnowImager in the excavated snowpit walls to record the vertical (in addition to the horizontal) spatial variability. Here, the NIR images also allow identification of snow layers with different snow grains (i.e., specific surface areas). All measurements were done within the vicinity of the footprint of the onboard microwave radiometers installed for the VAMPIRE project (that is, in about 25 m distance to the port bow of Polarstern mostly measured along T-shaped transects with side lengths of 5 to 7 meters). The datasets consists of the raw measurements (the photos as .dng files) and databases per ice station containing the metadata for the photos. For example, the location along a transect for each image is described in these databases. The databases are designed to be used with the appropriate SnowImager software (https://code.wsl.ch/snow-physics/snowimagerpro) in order to analyze the photos (e.g., to calculate reflectances or the specific surface area). For more information about these measurements the user is referred to Chapter 6.4 of the cruise report. Bühler Linnu l.buehler@uni-koeln.de Rückert Janna Elisabeth janna.rueckert@uni-bremen.de 0000-0001-9885-6576 Walbröl Andreas a.walbroel@uni-koeln.de 0000-0003-2603-2724 Mech Mario mario.mech@uni-koeln.de 0000-0001-6229-9616 Risse Nils nils.risse@ecmwf.int 0000-0002-7267-9353 Krobot Pavel pkrobot@uni-koeln.de Ebell Kerstin kebell@meteo.uni-koeln.de 0000-0002-0042-4968 Schnitt Sabrina s.schnitt@uni-koeln.de Spreen Gunnar gunnar.spreen@uni-bremen.de https://seaice.uni-bremen.de/gunnar-spreen/ 0000-0003-0165-8448 2026 Water vapor, mixed-phase clouds, precipitation and sea ice emissivity over the Central Arctic Ocean (VAMPIRE-1): remote sensing and in-situ measurements suite during POLARSTERN cruise PS144 (ArcWatch-2) dataset bibliography https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.990496 Rabe Benjamin Benjamin.Rabe@awi.de https://www.awi.de/en/about-us/organisation/staff/single-view/benjamin-rabe.html 0000-0001-5794-9856 Geibert Walter walter.geibert@awi.de http://www.awi.de/ueber-uns/organisation/mitarbeiter/walter-geibert.html 0000-0001-8646-2334 2025 The Expedition PS144 of the Research Vessel POLARSTERN to the Arctic Ocean in 2023 /2024 report Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung = Reports on Polar and Marine Research 794 https://doi.org/10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 312 pp 42.692716 -150.666993 84.511697 89.944844 121.17707621052632 86.27112236842103 2024-08-16T11:21:02 2024-09-26T20:53:07 -4743.9 -1980.1 AC3 Arctic Amplification https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/268020496 Leipzig Institute for Meteorology, University of Leipzig LIM http://www.uni-leipzig.de/~meteo/en/index.php https://ror.org/03s7gtk40 Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven AWI https://www.awi.de/ https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003207 AWI_PS144_06 SeaIcePhys. (ArcWatch1/TransArc3) German Research Foundation DFG http://www.dfg.de/en/ https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 268020496 TRR 172: ArctiC Amplification: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and SurfaCe Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/268020496 PS144_7-1 85.063609 42.977494 -3927.5 2024-08-16T11:21:02 85.054221 42.692716 -3929.2 2024-08-16T20:50:27 PS144 PS144 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 Tromsø, Norway 2024-08-09T00:00:00 2024-08-09 Bremerhaven, Germany 2024-10-13T00:00:00 2024-10-13 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Rabe, Benjamin Rabe, Benjamin Geibert, Walter Geibert, Walter doi:10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 20240025 hdl:10013/epic.71ce670f-2775-418f-ab94-285ba86f9d2e https://www.awi.de/fileadmin/user_upload/MET/PolarsternExpeditionMaps/PS144.png doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.974029 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Ice station ICE https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/8891 bad view PS144_23-1 84.511697 115.392214 -4141.7 2024-08-29T12:32:42 PS144 PS144 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 Tromsø, Norway 2024-08-09T00:00:00 2024-08-09 Bremerhaven, Germany 2024-10-13T00:00:00 2024-10-13 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Rabe, Benjamin Rabe, Benjamin Geibert, Walter Geibert, Walter doi:10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 20240025 hdl:10013/epic.71ce670f-2775-418f-ab94-285ba86f9d2e https://www.awi.de/fileadmin/user_upload/MET/PolarsternExpeditionMaps/PS144.png doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.974029 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Ice station ICE https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/8891 PS144_42-1 84.840295 128.609957 -4353.2 2024-09-02T20:40:26 84.806416 128.908747 -4349.6 2024-09-03T01:02:00 PS144 PS144 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 Tromsø, Norway 2024-08-09T00:00:00 2024-08-09 Bremerhaven, Germany 2024-10-13T00:00:00 2024-10-13 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Rabe, Benjamin Rabe, Benjamin Geibert, Walter Geibert, Walter doi:10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 20240025 hdl:10013/epic.71ce670f-2775-418f-ab94-285ba86f9d2e https://www.awi.de/fileadmin/user_upload/MET/PolarsternExpeditionMaps/PS144.png doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.974029 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Ice station ICE https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/8891 PS144_50-1 85.032701 139.446069 -3933.0 2024-09-04T20:30:28 85.040151 140.085356 -3842.0 2024-09-05T19:01:01 PS144 PS144 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 Tromsø, Norway 2024-08-09T00:00:00 2024-08-09 Bremerhaven, Germany 2024-10-13T00:00:00 2024-10-13 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Rabe, Benjamin Rabe, Benjamin Geibert, Walter Geibert, Walter doi:10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 20240025 hdl:10013/epic.71ce670f-2775-418f-ab94-285ba86f9d2e https://www.awi.de/fileadmin/user_upload/MET/PolarsternExpeditionMaps/PS144.png doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.974029 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Ice station ICE https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/8891 PS144_67-1 84.96026 161.871079 -3560.5 2024-09-08T05:24:00 84.937649 162.203178 -3558.9 2024-09-08T23:17:32 PS144 PS144 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 Tromsø, Norway 2024-08-09T00:00:00 2024-08-09 Bremerhaven, Germany 2024-10-13T00:00:00 2024-10-13 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Rabe, Benjamin Rabe, Benjamin Geibert, Walter Geibert, Walter doi:10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 20240025 hdl:10013/epic.71ce670f-2775-418f-ab94-285ba86f9d2e https://www.awi.de/fileadmin/user_upload/MET/PolarsternExpeditionMaps/PS144.png doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.974029 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Ice station ICE https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/8891 PS144_80-1 84.922594 179.577229 -1980.1 2024-09-10T20:05:00 84.960123 179.573395 -2187.0 2024-09-11T06:56:22 PS144 PS144 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 Tromsø, Norway 2024-08-09T00:00:00 2024-08-09 Bremerhaven, Germany 2024-10-13T00:00:00 2024-10-13 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Rabe, Benjamin Rabe, Benjamin Geibert, Walter Geibert, Walter doi:10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 20240025 hdl:10013/epic.71ce670f-2775-418f-ab94-285ba86f9d2e https://www.awi.de/fileadmin/user_upload/MET/PolarsternExpeditionMaps/PS144.png doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.974029 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Ice station ICE https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/8891 PS144_85-1 87.515029 179.09715 -3995.3 2024-09-12T19:07:15 87.471204 178.035483 -3994.7 2024-09-13T19:57:16 PS144 PS144 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 Tromsø, Norway 2024-08-09T00:00:00 2024-08-09 Bremerhaven, Germany 2024-10-13T00:00:00 2024-10-13 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Rabe, Benjamin Rabe, Benjamin Geibert, Walter Geibert, Walter doi:10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 20240025 hdl:10013/epic.71ce670f-2775-418f-ab94-285ba86f9d2e https://www.awi.de/fileadmin/user_upload/MET/PolarsternExpeditionMaps/PS144.png doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.974029 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Ice station ICE https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/8891 PS144_109-1 89.944844 -150.666993 -4263.8 2024-09-18T19:30:30 89.943362 80.374813 -4281.8 2024-09-19T23:46:42 PS144 PS144 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 Tromsø, Norway 2024-08-09T00:00:00 2024-08-09 Bremerhaven, Germany 2024-10-13T00:00:00 2024-10-13 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Rabe, Benjamin Rabe, Benjamin Geibert, Walter Geibert, Walter doi:10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 20240025 hdl:10013/epic.71ce670f-2775-418f-ab94-285ba86f9d2e https://www.awi.de/fileadmin/user_upload/MET/PolarsternExpeditionMaps/PS144.png doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.974029 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Ice station ICE https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/8891 PS144_123-2 88.072107 59.715273 -4416.3 2024-09-23T05:45:13 88.058668 59.930244 -4417.6 2024-09-23T14:44:47 PS144 PS144 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 Tromsø, Norway 2024-08-09T00:00:00 2024-08-09 Bremerhaven, Germany 2024-10-13T00:00:00 2024-10-13 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Rabe, Benjamin Rabe, Benjamin Geibert, Walter Geibert, Walter doi:10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 20240025 hdl:10013/epic.71ce670f-2775-418f-ab94-285ba86f9d2e https://www.awi.de/fileadmin/user_upload/MET/PolarsternExpeditionMaps/PS144.png doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.974029 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Ice station ICE https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/8891 PS144_134-1 86.981196 58.698141 -4639.8 2024-09-25T04:45:19 87.035199 55.842903 -4743.9 2024-09-26T20:53:07 PS144 PS144 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 ArcWatch 2; TransArc3 Tromsø, Norway 2024-08-09T00:00:00 2024-08-09 Bremerhaven, Germany 2024-10-13T00:00:00 2024-10-13 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Rabe, Benjamin Rabe, Benjamin Geibert, Walter Geibert, Walter doi:10.57738/BZPM_0794_2025 20240025 hdl:10013/epic.71ce670f-2775-418f-ab94-285ba86f9d2e https://www.awi.de/fileadmin/user_upload/MET/PolarsternExpeditionMaps/PS144.png doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.974029 Polarstern https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163 DBLK 8013132 Ice station ICE https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/8891 20 CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Event label Event Rückert Janna Elisabeth janna.rueckert@uni-bremen.de 0000-0001-9885-6576 Event CSV text file CSV Rückert Janna Elisabeth janna.rueckert@uni-bremen.de 0000-0001-9885-6576 CSV CSV text file (File Size) CSV (Size) Bytes Rückert Janna Elisabeth janna.rueckert@uni-bremen.de 0000-0001-9885-6576 CSV (Size) [Bytes] Image IMAGE Rückert Janna Elisabeth janna.rueckert@uni-bremen.de 0000-0001-9885-6576 IMAGE Image (File Size) IMAGE (Size) Bytes Rückert Janna Elisabeth janna.rueckert@uni-bremen.de 0000-0001-9885-6576 IMAGE (Size) [Bytes] CurationLevelC Enhanced curation https://wiki.pangaea.de/wiki/Curation_levels Arctic near-infrared snow author100716 author10649 author112680 author113712 author35597 author52094 author64870 author66402 author82002 author82003 author87451 author98800 award17 award3479 basis1 campaign3375398 campaign49619 curlevel30 event3200492 event3200523 event3200541 event3200620 event3200653 event3200664 event3200696 event3200707 event3200728 event3200742 funder20472 funder32 geocode1599 geocode1600 geocode1601 geocode8128 inst20386 inst20654 inst21208 inst22042 journal16572 license21 method11166 param150836 param519649 pi100716 project4230 ref132878 refds990496 term22636 term37889 term40892 term47878 term77948