<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!--*** Generated from internal PANGAEA metadata schema by dif.xslt ***--><DIF xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.4.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/">
<Entry_ID>PANGAEA_993905</Entry_ID>
<Entry_Title>Basin-scale Arabian Sea denitrification reconstruction based on δ¹⁵N records, Northern Arabian Sea Stack</Entry_Title>
<Data_Set_Citation>
<Dataset_Creator>Singh, Dharmendra Pratap</Dataset_Creator>
<Dataset_Title>Basin-scale Arabian Sea denitrification reconstruction based on δ¹⁵N records, Northern Arabian Sea Stack</Dataset_Title>
<Dataset_Release_Date>2026-04-29</Dataset_Release_Date>
<Dataset_Publisher>PANGAEA</Dataset_Publisher>
<Data_Presentation_Form>Dataset</Data_Presentation_Form>
<Online_Resource>https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.993905</Online_Resource>
</Data_Set_Citation>
<Personnel>
<Role>Investigator</Role>
<First_Name>Dharmendra Pratap</First_Name>
<Last_Name>Singh</Last_Name>
<Email>dharmendra.singh@es.iitr.ac.in</Email>
</Personnel>
<Discipline>
<Discipline_Name>Earth Science</Discipline_Name>
</Discipline>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>AGE</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>δ15N, bulk sediment</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>δ15N, standard deviation</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
<Keyword>Arabian Sea</Keyword>
<Keyword>Calypso Corer</Keyword>
<Keyword>Calypso square corer</Keyword>
<Keyword>d15N</Keyword>
<Keyword>MD04-2876</Keyword>
<Keyword>MD04-2879CQ</Keyword>
<Keyword>MD143</Keyword>
<Keyword>ME33-NAST</Keyword>
<Keyword>NIOP-D2</Keyword>
<Keyword>NIOP-D2_455-1</Keyword>
<Keyword>NIOP-D2_464-1</Keyword>
<Keyword>Piston corer</Keyword>
<Keyword>Piston corer (BGR type)</Keyword>
<Keyword>Sedimentary geochemistry</Keyword>
<Keyword>Sediment corer</Keyword>
<Keyword>SO90</Keyword>
<Keyword>SO90_111KL</Keyword>
<Keyword>Stack</Keyword>
<Keyword>TN</Keyword>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Stacked</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>calculated, 1 sigma</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Source_Name>
<Long_Name>Marion Dufresne (1995)</Long_Name>
</Source_Name>
<Source_Name>
<Long_Name>Tyro</Long_Name>
</Source_Name>
<Source_Name>
<Long_Name>Sonne</Long_Name>
</Source_Name>
<Temporal_Coverage>
<Start_Date>1992-10-06</Start_Date>
<Stop_Date>2004-09-21</Stop_Date>
</Temporal_Coverage>
<Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
<Spatial_Coverage>
<Southernmost_Latitude>19.999</Southernmost_Latitude>
<Northernmost_Latitude>24.84283</Northernmost_Latitude>
<Westernmost_Longitude>63.585</Westernmost_Longitude>
<Easternmost_Longitude>66.483</Easternmost_Longitude>
</Spatial_Coverage>
<Access_Constraints>unrestricted</Access_Constraints>
<Use_Constraints>CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</Use_Constraints>
<Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
<Data_Center>
<Data_Center_Name>
<Short_Name>PANGAEA</Short_Name>
<Long_Name>Data Publisher for Earth &amp; Environmental Science</Long_Name>
</Data_Center_Name>
<Data_Center_URL>https://www.pangaea.de/</Data_Center_URL>
<Personnel>
<Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
<First_Name>Michael</First_Name>
<Last_Name>Diepenbroek</Last_Name>
<Email>info@pangaea.de</Email>
<Contact_Address>
<Address>Leobener Str.</Address>
<City>Bremen</City>
<Province_or_State>Bremen</Province_or_State>
<Postal_Code>28359</Postal_Code>
<Country>Germany</Country>
</Contact_Address>
</Personnel>
</Data_Center>
<Distribution>
<Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
<Distribution_Size>311 data points</Distribution_Size>
<Distribution_Format>text/tab-separated-values</Distribution_Format>
</Distribution>
<Reference>Jaeschke, Andrea; Ziegler, Martin; Hopmans, Ellen C; Reichart, Gert-Jan; Lourens, Lucas Joost; Schouten, Stefan; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S (2009): Molecular fossil evidence for anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the Arabian Sea over the last glacial cycle. Paleoceanography, 24(2), PA2202, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008PA001712</Reference>
<Reference>Pawar, Rahul; Singh, Dharmendra Pratap; Saraswat, Rajeev; Maurya, A S (2026): Orbital forcing regulated Arabian Sea denitrification during the late Pleistocene. Global and Planetary Change, 259, 105373, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105373</Reference>
<Reference>Pichevin, Laetitia; Bard, Edouard; Martinez, Philippe; Billy, Isabelle (2007): Evidence of ventilation changes in the Arabian Sea during the late Quaternary: Implication for denitrification and nitrous oxide emission. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 21, GB4008, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GB002852</Reference>
<Reference>Reichart, Gert-Jan; Lourens, Lucas Joost; Zachariasse, Willem-Jan (1998): Temporal variability in the northern Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) during the last 225,000 years. Paleoceanography, 13(6), 607-621, https://doi.org/10.1029/98PA02203</Reference>
<Reference>Suthhof, Andreas; Ittekkot, Venugopalan; Gaye-Haake, Birgit (2001): Millennial‐scale oscillation of denitrification intensity in the Arabian Sea during the Late Quaternary and its potential influence on atmospheric N 2 O and global climate. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 15(3), 637-649, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GB001337</Reference>
<Reference>Tesdal, J-E; Galbraith, Eric Douglas; Kienast, Markus (2013): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - NICOPP Global Ocean Sediment Nitrogen Isotope Database [dataset]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, https://doi.org/10.25921/W9CA-1Z10</Reference>
<Reference>Jaeschke, Andrea; Ziegler, Martin; Hopmans, Ellen C; Reichart, Gert-Jan; Lourens, Lucas Joost; Schouten, Stefan; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S (2009): Figure 4. Geochemistry on sediment core MD04-2879 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.742495</Reference>
<Reference>Pichevin, Laetitia; Bard, Edouard; Martinez, Philippe; Billy, Isabelle (2007): Biogeochemical investigations on sediment core MD04-2876 [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727157</Reference>
<Reference>Reichart, Gert-Jan; Lourens, Lucas Joost; Zachariasse, Willem-Jan (1998): Organic carbon content, stable isotopes and planktonic foraminifera in sediments of tghe norther Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.857398</Reference>
<Reference>Arabian Sea cores, references and chronology (URI: https://download.pangaea.de/reference/139702/attachments/References_chronology.xlsx)</Reference>
<Summary>The new δ¹⁵N record of sediment core SSD004_GC11 is combined with published regional datasets to produce a basin-wide Arabian Sea denitrification stack. Spectral and cross-wavelet analyses reveal dominant orbital-scale variability, with stronger obliquity influence in the southern basin and precession dominance in northern records. Coherent variability between δ¹⁵N records and atmospheric N₂O concentrations highlights orbital forcing as a key driver of long-term nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas variability. ** For all details see the full metadata description at "https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.993905"!</Summary>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyr</URL>
<Description>AGE</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://www.ifremer.fr/sismer/UK/catal/campagne/campagnea.htql?crno=4200250</URL>
<Description>MD143</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105373</URL>
<Description>Orbital forcing regulated Arabian Sea denitrification during the late Pleistocene</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GB001337</URL>
<Description>Millennial‐scale oscillation of denitrification intensity in the Arabian Sea during the Late Quaternary and its potential influence on atmospheric N 2 O and global climate</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GB002852</URL>
<Description>Evidence of ventilation changes in the Arabian Sea during the late Quaternary: Implication for denitrification and nitrous oxide emission</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.1029/2008PA001712</URL>
<Description>Molecular fossil evidence for anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the Arabian Sea over the last glacial cycle</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.1029/98PA02203</URL>
<Description>Temporal variability in the northern Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) during the last 225,000 years</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.25921/W9CA-1Z10</URL>
<Description>NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - NICOPP Global Ocean Sediment Nitrogen Isotope Database</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.727157</URL>
<Description>Biogeochemical investigations on sediment core MD04-2876</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.742495</URL>
<Description>Figure 4. Geochemistry on sediment core MD04-2879</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.857398</URL>
<Description>Organic carbon content, stable isotopes and planktonic foraminifera in sediments of tghe norther Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marion_Dufresne_(1994)</URL>
<Description>Marion Dufresne (1995)</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RV_Sonne</URL>
<Description>Sonne</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Parent_DIF>PANGAEA_993898</Parent_DIF>
<Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
<Metadata_Version>9.4</Metadata_Version>
<DIF_Creation_Date>2026-04-29</DIF_Creation_Date>
<Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2026-04-29</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
