Citation:

PANGAEA.993838

Name: Mass spectrometry imaging-generated µm-scale resolved alkenone-based sea surface temperature reconstruction during the Greenalnd Interstadial 1 from sediment core SO130_289KL, northeastern Arabian Sea
Published: 2026-05-06
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Alkenones; Arabian Sea; GI-1; Mass spectrometry imaging; monsoon variability; Sea surface temperature; SO130-289KL; UK'37

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Published: 2026-05-06 • DOI registered: 2026-05-06

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Abstract:

This dataset contains sea surface temperature (SST) reconstructions derived from alkenone biomarkers measured in sediment core SO130_289KL (23°07.34′N, 66°29.84′E; 571 m water depth) collected from the northeastern Arabian Sea off the coast of Pakistan. The data focus on the Greenland Interstadial 1 (GI-1) interval (~14.7–12.9 ka), where finely laminated sediments allow high-resolution analysis. Measurements were performed using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) on cryosectioned sediment slices with a spatial resolution of 200 µm. The dataset captures rapid SST variability associated with monsoon dynamics, including an abrupt warming of ~2°C during the transition from Heinrich Stadial 1 to GI-1. This dataset was generated to reconstruct high-frequency SST variability and assess the influence of South Asian monsoon systems on upper ocean conditions. Depth is presented as centimeters below seafloor (cmbsf) and age as before the year 2000 CE (b2k).

Keyword(s):

Alkenones; Arabian Sea; GI-1; Mass spectrometry imaging; monsoon variability; Sea surface temperature; SO130-289KL; UK'37

Funding:

German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 464898428 : Micrometer-scale biomarker and elemental imaging on sediments from the northeastern Arabian Sea – reconstruction of the Indian monsoon evolution on a sub-decadal scale in the Holocene and the Bølling-Allerød interstadial

Coverage:

Latitude: 23.122333 * Longitude: 66.497333

Date/Time Start: 1998-04-21T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1998-04-21T00:00:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 2.8963 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 3.5497 m

Event(s):

SO130_289KL * Latitude: 23.122333 * Longitude: 66.497333 * Date/Time: 1998-04-21T00:00:00 * Elevation Start: -571.0 m * Elevation End: 0.0 m * Recovery: 20.2 m * Campaign: (MAKRAN 2) * Basis: * Method/Device: Kasten corer (KAL)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m	Obreht, Igor		Geocode
2	Age	Age	ka b2k	Obreht, Igor
3	Alkenone, unsaturation index UK'37	UK'37		Obreht, Igor	Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI)	MSI-based
4	Alkenone, unsaturation index UK'37	UK'37		Obreht, Igor	Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI)	GC corrected
5	Sea surface temperature	SST	°C	Obreht, Igor	SST calculated from alkenones
6	Sea surface temperature, uncertainty	SST unc	±	Obreht, Igor

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

16088 data points

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