Samuel M Ayim
Ayim
Samuel M
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Germany
ICBM
Leonie Jaeger
Jaeger
Leonie
Carsten Rauch
Rauch
Carsten
Pia Goecke
Goecke
Pia
Mira Kehr
Kehr
Mira
Lea Möller
Möller
Lea
Martin Pöppelreiter
Pöppelreiter
Martin
Oliver Wurl
Wurl
Oliver
High-resolution measurements of essential climate variables in the Atlantic Ocean and in the Mediterranean Sea from the autonomous surface vehicle HALOBATES during RV Meteor cruise M211
PANGAEA
Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
dataset
We provide data from the autonomous surface vehicle HALOBATES. It gathered Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) like sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS). Data were collected during RV Meteor cruise M211 from 14 June (Nice, France) to 27 July 2025 (Ponta Delgada, Portugal) in the Mediterranean Sea and the Central Atlantic Ocean. HALOBATES measured conductivity and temperature at seven depths. Vertical resolution was ~10 centimetres. Depths spanned the near-surface layer (NSL, at 30, 40, 50, 60, 85, and 100 cm) to the sea-surface microlayer (SML) with a sampling depth of the upper ~ 80 µm. NSL water was collected with tubes on a bow-mounted ladder. SML water was collected using six partially submerged glass disks. Water from all sampled depths, including the SML, reached the CTD sensors via a pumped flow-through system. Salinity was corrected with discrete water samples. Additionally, offsets between the CTDs were corrected. Additional in-situ temperature sensors corresponding to depths of the flow-through system inlets and CTDs (30, 50 and 85 cm depth) were mounted beneath the catamaran. Two data loggers with meteorological stations recorded wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, GPS positions, and atmospheric conditions. Upward and downward facing pyranometers and pyrgeometers mounted on the research vessel measured net radiative fluxes for short- and longwave radiation. A disdrometer mounted on the vessel measured precipitation. The research vessel kept an average distance of 500 metres from HALOBATES which was operated manually or via autopilot. Autopilot involved pre-defined waypoints whilst manual involved steering HALOBATES with a remote control or drifting with surface currents during station work. The dataset includes quality flags 0-4 with flags 1 and 2 are ready for use. See metadata for more information.
FreshOcean - Freshwater Fluxes over the Ocean I - Evaporative Fluxes
German Research Foundation
DFG
data points
Event label
Other event
DATE/TIME
Time
LATITUDE
LONGITUDE
Pressure, atmospheric
hPa
Weather station, Campbell Scientific, METSENS550
Pressure
atmospheric
Energy Density
Force Per Area
Humidity, relative
humidity
relative
Dimensionless Ratio
Temperature, air
Temperature
air
Dew/frost point
Wind speed at 2 m height
m/s
Linear Velocity
Wind speed at 10 m height
Wind direction, true
deg
Angle
Plane Angle
Ultraviolet-a global
W/m**2
UV-A sensor, Apogee Instruments, SU-200-SS Series
Power per Area
Temperature, technical
panel temperature
Temperature, water
CTD, Idronaut, Ocean Seven 310
at the SML (depth = 0)
water
Conductivity
mS/cm
conductivity
Salinity
salinity
Salinity, absolute
g/kg
absolute
at 30 cm depth
at 40 cm depth
at 50 cm depth
at 60 cm depth
at 85 cm depth
at 100 cm depth
CTD, Idronaut, Ocean Seven 28
at 30 cm depth; OS1
at 50 cm depth; OS2
at 85 cm depth; OS3
Temperature Sensor, RBR Solo³
Pressure, water
dbar
T.D, RBR, RBRduet³
Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation
Pyranometer, Hukseflux, SR20-D2
spectral range (0.3-3) x 10E-6 m; mounted on the ship
downward
Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation
upward
Long-wave downward radiation
Pyrgeometer, Hukseflux, IR20
spectral range (4.5-42) x 10E-6 m; mounted on the ship
Long-wave upward radiation
Precipitation
Optical Laser-based distrometer, Thies Clima, 5.4110.xx.x00
amount; mounted on the ship
Length
mm/h
intensity; mounted on the ship
Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, minimum
Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, SMP6
spectral range (0.285-2.8) x 10E-6 m; at a height of 200 cm above the sea surface
minimum
Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, maximum
maximum
Temperature, air, minimum
at a height of 200 cm above the sea surface
Temperature, air, maximum
Hygro-Thermo-Transmitter-compact, RS485, Thies Clima
sensor 2; at a height of 150 cm above the sea surface
Humidity, relative, minimum
Humidity, relative, maximum
Dew/frost point, minimum
Dew/frost point maximum
sensor 3; at a height of 50 cm above the sea surface
sensor 4; at a height of 100 cm above the sea surface
sensor 4; at a height of 200 cm above the sea surface
sensor 5; at a height of 200 cm above the sea surface
sensor 5; at a height of 100 cm above the sea surface
Wind speed, minimum
Weather station, Thies Clima, Climate Sensor US (CUS)
Wind speed, maximum
Wind direction, minimum
Wind direction, maximum
Pressure, atmospheric, minimum
Pressure, atmospheric, maximum
average; spectral range (0.285-2.8) x 10E-6 m; at a height of 200 cm above the sea surface
sensor 2; at a height of 150 cm above the sea surface; average
sensor 2; at a height of 150 cm above the sea surface, average
sensor 3; at a height of 50 cm above the sea surface; average
sensor 4; at a height of 100 cm above the sea surface; average
sensor 4; at a heoght of 100 cm above the sea surface; average
sensor 5; at a height of 200 cm above the sea surface; average
Wind speed
at a height of 200 cm above the sea surface; average
wind speed
Wind direction
Quality flag
Campbell_Air_Temperature
Campbell_Panel_Temperature
Campbell_Relative_Humidity
CTD_pH_100cm
CTD_Conductivity_100cm
CTD_Temperature_100cm
CTD_pH_40cm
CTD_Conductivity_40cm
CTD_Temperature_40cm
CTD_pH_30cm
CTD_Conductivity_30cm
CTD_Temperature_30cm
CTD_pH_85cm
CTD_Conductivity_85cm
CTD_Temperature_85cm
CTD_pH_60cm
CTD_Conductivity_60cm
CTD_Temperature_60cm
CTD_pH_SML
CTD_Conductivity_SML
CTD_Temperature_SML
CTD_pH_50cm
CTD_Conductivity_50cm
CTD_Temperature_50cm
RBR_Temperature_30cm
RBR_Temperature_40cm
RBR_Temperature_50cm
RBR_Temperature_60cm
RBR_Temperature_85cm
RBR_Temperature_100cm
Thies_Temperature_SMP6_MIN
Thies_Temperature_SMP6_MAX
Thies_Temperature_2_MIN
Thies_Temperature_2_MAX
Thies_Temperature_3_MIN
Thies_Temperature_3_MAX
Thies_Temperature_4_MIN
Thies_Temperature_4_MAX
Thies_Temperature_5_MIN
Thies_Temperature_5_MAX
Thies_Temperature_CUS_MIN
Thies_Temperature_CUS_MAX
Thies_Relative_Humidity_2_MIN
Thies_Relative_Humidity_2_MAX
Thies_Relative_Humidity_4_MIN
Thies_Relative_Humidity_4_MAX
Thies_Relative_Humidity_5_MIN
Thies_Relative_Humidity_5_MAX
Thies_Relative_Humidity_CUS_MIN
Thies_Relative_Humidity_CUS_MAX
Thies_Relative_Humidity_3_MIN
Thies_Relative_Humidity_3_MAX
Thies_Temperature_SMP6_AVG
Thies_Temperature_2_AVG
Thies_Temperature_3_AVG
Thies_Temperature_4_AVG
Thies_Temperature_5_AVG
Thies_Temperature_CUS_AVG
Thies_Relative_Humidity_2_AVG
Thies_Relative_Humidity_3_AVG
Thies_Relative_Humidity_4_AVG
Thies_Relative_Humidity_5_AVG
Thies_Relative_Humidity_CUS_AVG
CTD_Salinity_Absolute_SML
CTD_Salinity_Absolute_30cm
CTD_Salinity_Absolute_40cm
CTD_Salinity_Absolute_50cm
CTD_Salinity_Absolute_60cm
CTD_Salinity_Absolute_85cm
CTD_Salinity_Absolute_100cm
Atlantic Ocean; autonomous surface vehicle; essential climate variables; Mediterranean; near-surface layer; sea-surface microlayer; Sea surface salinity; Sea surface temperature
Quality Flag: Name - Implication 0: Unknown - No information on data quality 1: Good data - Certainly good data point 2: Probably good data - Likely good data 3: Questionable data - Data point needs extra attention 4: Bad Data - Do not use
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