https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.992727Liao, JinJinLiao0000-0002-3385-8199Wuhan Geological Survey CenterDay, ChristopherChristopherDay0000-0001-6875-769XUniversity of OxfordPANGAEA2026Archaeological culturesCalcium isotopesCentral Chinaspeleothemtrace elementsSample numberAGEAge, errorDISTANCEMagnesium/Calcium ratioStrontium/Calcium ratioBarium/Calcium ratioSpeleothem sampleAge, Uranium-ThoriumAge, 14C calibration OxCal (Ramsey, 2008)MeasuredInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Perkin-Elmer, Nexion 350DDataset10.1093/nsr/nwaf56710.1016/j.quascirev.2007.01.019860 data pointstext/tab-separated-valuesCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 InternationalStalagmite trace-elements data (Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca) were used to reconstruct regional hydrological variations in the Central China between 4.6 kyr BP and 3.5 kyr BP. The stalagmite (HS4) was collected from Heshang Cave in the Middle Yangtze Valley, Central China (30º27′N, 110º25′E, 294 m.a.s.l). HS4 Stalagmite length in this study ranges between 112.63 and 151.03 cm. The working half of HS4 was slabbed. Micro drilling of 343 continuous samples was undertaken by using a New-Wave Micromill. Every second sample was measured for trace-elements. The measurement resolution is 6~7 years. The data was measured using a PerkinElmer NexIon 350D quadrupole Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP–MS) at the University of Oxford, Department of Earth Sciences in 2016.110.416730.45Yangtze Valley, Central ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of Chinahttps://doi.org/10.13039/50110000180941731177National Natural Science Foundation of Chinahttps://doi.org/10.13039/50110000180941902185