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Ménot, Guillemette; Garcin, Yannick (2026): GDGTs of lacustrine sediment core M4 from Mbalang Cameroon [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.992013 (DOI registration in progress)

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Published: 2026-06-29

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Abstract:
This file contains the biomarker data from the paper Ménot et al., 2025 Organic Geochemistry (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2025.104982). African low-latitude regions tend to be underrepresented in global continental temperature reconstructions, limiting both our understanding and the reliability of predictions of past and future changes in temperature and precipitation in those parts of the world. The lack of continuous sedimentary archives and quantitative temperature proxies further complicates this issue, especially outside Eastern Africa. Here, we use data collected in Cameroon lakes to assess branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (brGDGT)-based temperature proxies and examine potential confounding variables impacting temperature reconstructions. By analyzing GDGT distributions in soil watershed, water column, and surface sediment samples from a total of 11 Cameroon lakes, we could verify that the degree of methylation of brGDGTs (through the MBT′5Me) can serve as a reliable indicator for reconstructing mean annual air temperatures. Additionally, we could confirm that surface water conductivity represents a controlling factor for the brGDGT assemblage in surface sediments of crater lakes. Moreover, we provide the first reconstruction of Mid- to Late-Holocene GDGT-based air temperatures for a crater lake in Cameroon (Central Africa), revealing a temperature decrease of 2.5 °C over the last 7000 years, which agrees with recently published records for East Africa but exceeds current model predictions. These discrepancies highlight the need for additional studies to focus on this geographically underrepresented area.
Keyword(s):
Cameroon; GDGT; Holocene; lake Mbalang; modern sediments
Related to:
Ménot, Guillemette; Ansanay-Alex, Salomé; Schwab, Valérie F; Todou, Gilbert; Séné, Olivier; Onana, Jean-Michel; Gleixner, Gerd; Sachse, Dirk; Garcin, Yannick (2025): Mid- to Late-Holocene branched GDGT-based air temperatures from a crater lake in Cameroon (Central Africa). Organic Geochemistry, 204, 104982, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2025.104982
Funding:
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), grant/award no. ANR-18-CE01-0005: ANR TAPIOCA
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 160487544
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmMénot, Guillemettesee reference(s)Geocode
AGEAgeka BPMénot, Guillemettesee reference(s)Geocode
Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area)brGDGT peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200sum
Isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area)iso GDGT peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200sum
Crenarchaeol (peak area)Cren peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIa (peak area)brGDGT IIIa peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIa' (peak area)brGDGT IIIa' peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIa'' (peak area)brGDGT IIIa'' peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIb (peak area)brGDGT IIIb peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
10 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIb' (peak area)brGDGT IIIb' peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
11 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIb'' (peak area)brGDGT IIIb'' peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
12 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIc (peak area)brGDGT IIIc peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
13 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIc' (peak area)brGDGT IIIc' peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
14 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIa (peak area)brGDGT IIa peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
15 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIa' (peak area)brGDGT IIa' peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
16 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIb (peak area)brGDGT IIb peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
17 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIb' (peak area)brGDGT IIb' peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
18 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIc (peak area)brGDGT IIc peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
19 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIc' (peak area)brGDGT IIc' peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
20 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, Ia (peak area)brGDGT Ia peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
21 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, Ib (peak area)brGDGT Ib peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
22 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, Ic (peak area)brGDGT Ic peak areaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
23 Isoprenoid acyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundanceiso GDGT-0Ménot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200total
24 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundancebrGDGTMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200total
25 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIa, fractional abundancebrGDGT IIIaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
26 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIa', fractional abundancebrGDGT IIIa'Ménot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
27 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIa'', fractional abundancebrGDGT IIIa''Ménot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
28 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIb, fractional abundancebrGDGT IIIbMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
29 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIb', fractional abundancebrGDGT IIIb'Ménot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
30 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIb'', fractional abundancebrGDGT IIIb''Ménot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
31 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIc, fractional abundancebrGDGT IIIcMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
32 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIc', fractional abundancebrGDGT IIIc'Ménot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
33 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIa, fractional abundancebrGDGT IIaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
34 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIa', fractional abundancebrGDGT IIa'Ménot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
35 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIb, fractional abundancebrGDGT IIbMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
36 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIb', fractional abundancebrGDGT IIb'Ménot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
37 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIc, fractional abundancebrGDGT IIcMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
38 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIc', fractional abundancebrGDGT IIc'Ménot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
39 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, Ia, fractional abundancebrGDGT IaMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
40 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, Ib, fractional abundancebrGDGT IbMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
41 Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, Ic, fractional abundancebrGDGT IcMénot, GuillemetteHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS), Agilent 1200
42 Branched and isoprenoid tetraether indexBITMénot, Guillemettesee reference(s)
43 Methylation index of 5-methyl branched tetraethersMBT'5MEMénot, Guillemettesee reference(s)
44 Isomer ratio of 6-methyl branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethersIR6meMénot, Guillemettesee reference(s)
45 Cyclization ratio of branched tetraethers primeCBT'Ménot, Guillemettesee reference(s)
46 Cyclization ratio of branched tetraethers of 5-methyl branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraetherCBT5MEMénot, Guillemettesee reference(s)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
1364 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Depth sed [m]

Age [ka BP]

brGDGT peak area

iso GDGT peak area

Cren peak area

brGDGT IIIa peak area

brGDGT IIIa' peak area

brGDGT IIIa'' peak area

brGDGT IIIb peak area
10 
brGDGT IIIb' peak area
11 
brGDGT IIIb'' peak area
12 
brGDGT IIIc peak area
13 
brGDGT IIIc' peak area
14 
brGDGT IIa peak area
15 
brGDGT IIa' peak area
16 
brGDGT IIb peak area
17 
brGDGT IIb' peak area
18 
brGDGT IIc peak area
19 
brGDGT IIc' peak area
20 
brGDGT Ia peak area
21 
brGDGT Ib peak area
22 
brGDGT Ic peak area
23 
iso GDGT-0
24 
brGDGT
25 
brGDGT IIIa
26 
brGDGT IIIa'
27 
brGDGT IIIa''
28 
brGDGT IIIb
29 
brGDGT IIIb'
30 
brGDGT IIIb''
31 
brGDGT IIIc
32 
brGDGT IIIc'
33 
brGDGT IIa
34 
brGDGT IIa'
35 
brGDGT IIb
36 
brGDGT IIb'
37 
brGDGT IIc
38 
brGDGT IIc'
39 
brGDGT Ia
40 
brGDGT Ib
41 
brGDGT Ic
42 
BIT
43 
MBT'5ME
44 
IR6me
45 
CBT'
46 
CBT5ME
0.2520.22537462941363894511705575691450175434935901015911980146516322175415769829641511704111760112747567772360567279336.4163.591.543.871.450.100.270.320.040.045.8115.402.573.120.310.3020.206.301.940.820.690.70-0.04-0.47
0.3770.33939139231390492514916565321397236934311282146239807163923942406815541039690913878013367136378276882582667465735.5364.471.443.571.770.290.370.250.040.066.1514.162.483.550.340.3521.156.601.910.830.700.68-0.08-0.48
0.4800.41626540491170572405047258048909427775433669886175145712251361073598005080263640737762335085221456994244244.1155.890.973.361.050.160.260.230.050.055.1313.561.912.400.280.2319.165.491.600.790.710.71-0.07-0.52
0.7450.68610481424298801678601255139993117252882244915891104106954782145433216782509534742376216397596791598441.0158.991.203.821.120.270.230.150.110.105.2313.882.072.390.330.2320.655.691.530.790.710.70-0.09-0.52
1.0570.993306589410092432742784846710473545005857389496093186519622129964015147111880523966760037928032046225175632.9267.081.583.421.470.280.290.200.060.066.9513.102.322.630.320.2025.866.671.690.880.720.64-0.21-0.56
1.1821.1189325544004101082031160126018125691891243618510056842114852182732005525391789197120514681283942.9457.061.242.791.350.200.260.200.000.006.1012.321.962.150.270.1921.145.521.380.830.720.65-0.17-0.56
1.2351.1722447077936245240643364617021234787287456395225160613111760362797265028357861674040085909301488653826838.2661.741.492.871.420.120.230.210.070.057.1911.432.052.360.280.1624.156.081.560.860.720.61-0.25-0.59
1.3621.3033749691152559130395848457101159491407792888282752580172122253838923984647968981140878508892472346725959540.6959.311.292.701.310.210.240.220.070.055.9310.382.262.580.300.2123.726.261.590.880.740.62-0.24-0.54
1.4101.352304913111245692676064360610171550514756897167642181229281932423563177144981808877664607473251896774400636.8863.121.433.341.660.250.320.250.060.106.3411.692.342.680.290.2124.516.221.440.880.720.64-0.21-0.56
1.6711.6281372567357471102979193205507816909416635972689134611071014492230023966839037681638573586681084592992826.0473.961.414.011.230.300.260.200.100.087.3916.252.892.840.500.2826.137.902.180.910.710.66-0.13-0.49
1.8321.80142298141735690266438549771041415399794822394310946749737552458154793329250210811615207108959229472678598271441.0358.971.302.461.280.220.570.260.180.095.8111.332.192.560.360.2621.826.331.960.900.740.64-0.18-0.51
1.8321.8014235872174875521887954064106878538689887220198855958850662176034928389679711505716501119819229472632497991941.2858.721.282.521.270.230.520.210.230.125.1411.632.292.720.390.2821.796.211.890.920.740.66-0.16-0.50
2.0101.9972224554896555363825294466491030432359354854473129414731276442705284586662689670447294892671414283803840.3059.701.322.921.370.160.250.200.060.075.7412.162.062.820.300.2121.996.361.710.780.730.66-0.16-0.52
2.1552.158423513114336783481986171015676763884915410556799319922474241100653322940059204912318683210466432734316722333.8566.151.463.701.510.220.250.190.050.065.6915.432.222.170.290.1624.716.461.590.890.730.69-0.13-0.54
2.3662.39839515911564679295698529969714853001667297655828188413302445714582057820299806897285069549612459525911239.6060.401.342.461.340.170.250.150.050.036.1911.601.982.530.230.2224.176.221.500.890.750.64-0.23-0.57
2.6752.75936605371451107385573427976801847447726911385106372743283622379632779471220910291060764269767132464376227639.6460.361.171.861.300.200.310.290.070.086.118.951.952.490.290.1826.686.731.700.850.770.59-0.34-0.58
2.7932.899438590716304552675585792910257248695871498015510167315152961624826308558811079511511671111601042980426750037.1762.831.322.341.110.200.220.130.040.036.7511.001.952.530.260.1526.456.801.540.910.750.61-0.29-0.58
3.0143.1663875380133872715996040650702685099756017767590221201940230351425353761818945710394586511654842839306439634.5465.461.051.811.320.140.200.150.050.055.9410.981.972.310.270.1530.077.331.660.940.800.63-0.33-0.59
3.5053.78033192961179345368423307325919643070462864394188187418482070963344356100378410856759059875252489255611035.5364.470.931.781.300.140.190.130.060.066.2410.081.842.360.260.1829.757.501.690.850.790.61-0.35-0.59
3.8004.16239472191145870258026389777630058167643592757172310918202475464351327230110693011182675813399833067347352929.0370.970.991.931.470.160.230.180.080.056.2711.021.832.710.280.1733.957.771.860.920.810.63-0.36-0.62
3.9204.3212215565840726185328226124254530197391648023354118512271259812044964558154937710733996343071562973289637.9562.051.021.921.360.180.220.150.050.065.699.232.062.480.320.1528.637.051.480.880.790.61-0.36-0.58
4.2074.706430916715865013577323764575660575656140844464142064182724894743299971867937209354762712930533062746306536.8263.180.871.761.340.140.200.150.050.045.7810.051.672.170.220.1830.017.111.460.880.800.63-0.36-0.61
4.3804.9424232741157606334935139138764635607264979018599513431546223253402684662911120359599889712515153141447218937.2462.760.921.811.320.150.210.140.030.045.279.511.572.650.230.2129.577.421.710.880.810.64-0.35-0.59
4.5085.12031784791194203273274281515543339647440269654459144416871919583234855841886094803365619795591321925578637.5762.430.891.741.250.140.220.140.050.056.0410.181.842.710.250.2130.824.161.760.880.790.63-0.35-0.79
4.5925.23733930431199083291672312906057151486423674273743137913941813393051104632811542410169880010294222707846505835.3464.660.921.791.520.120.220.110.040.045.348.991.373.400.300.2630.347.981.920.880.820.65-0.34-0.58
4.9305.7182405062911755204300198483446430962282956492515241821461276841757103026267191628350367449671943864095737.9162.090.831.431.290.120.230.100.100.095.317.311.262.790.260.2130.978.081.700.880.830.61-0.43-0.59
5.1356.01535924191187169257528363596181758499463110731505123161705207805295096488471243577008573611571503254125273033.0566.951.011.721.630.130.300.140.060.055.788.211.363.460.200.1632.219.061.470.900.830.62-0.40-0.56
5.2936.24844480451466179287665408456956665936548411200462215702548258932345682654811259008243711815087223887747124332.9667.040.921.561.480.120.250.100.040.065.827.771.472.830.190.1633.928.741.600.910.830.60-0.46-0.59
5.3606.34844769681413220262709422967249868049673411160607816672404284888352558619151286199233833715403693934907345331.5768.430.941.621.520.150.250.140.040.056.367.871.382.870.210.1934.418.791.640.920.820.59-0.46-0.60
5.4956.55056064271750633315757512807362871260664412542600717141889352561418365540771773788890822420168925035809086331.2368.770.911.311.270.120.220.110.030.036.297.460.963.160.160.1535.978.981.620.920.840.60-0.49-0.63
5.6696.81464986672073193378249612229381479745757713768390122133377359213538797736041949141015812725228363858114610566131.9068.100.941.441.230.120.210.060.030.055.538.291.133.000.160.2035.148.941.630.920.850.63-0.45-0.61