/* DATA DESCRIPTION:
Citation:	Katsuta, Nagayoshi (2026): Manganese/Iron ratio, biogenic silica and grain-size of sediment core JPS-1 from Lake Jingpo, northeast China [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.991460 (DOI registration in progress), 
	In: Katsuta, N (2026): Sedimentary records of East Asian monsoon in Lake Jingpo, northeast China [dataset bundled publication]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.974362
Abstract:	Due to changing East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) during Holocene, the sediment cores were collected in Lake Jingpo in northeast China and were investigated to understand the variability of EASM precipitation and its possible mechanism. Sediment cores JB-A (9.76 m) and JPS-1 (0.32 m) were collected in August 2012 using the piston corer and gravity core sampler, respectively. The ages of JB-A and JPS-1 cores are 6092 years and 100 years based on the14C dates and the combined ages of excess 210Pb and 137Cs. Geochemical proxies of EASM precipitation were reconstructed by elemental compositions such as SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, CIA, and LOI, analyzed with the glass-bead XRF quantitative method. Multi-proxies of EAWM wind strength were reconstructed from the Mn/Fe ratio, grain-sizes, and biogenic silica, analyzed with the glass-bead XRF quantitative method, the laser diffraction, and the ICP-AES, respectively.
Keyword(s):	14C dating; CIA; Lake Jinpo; Northeast China; sedimentary geochemistry
Related to:	Katsuta, Nagayoshi; et al. (submitted): East Asian winter monsoon evolution in northeast China during the mid-to late Holocene and its impact on Chinese civilization.
	Katsuta, Nagayoshi; Naito, Sayuri; Sano, Naomi; Ochiai, Shinya; Saito-Kokubu, Yoko; Ogita, Yasuhiro; Nishio, Tomohiro; Hasebe, Noriko; Nagao, Seiya; Kawakami, Shin-ichi; Shen, Ji (2026): East Asian summer monsoon evolution in northeast China since the mid-Holocene reconstructed from chemical weathering intensity of Lake Jingpo sediments. Global and Planetary Change, 105441, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105441
Funding:	Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (URI: https://www.jsps.go.jp/english/), grant/award no. 16H05643: Relationship between water resource and environmental change investigated by saline lake level changes (URI: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16H05643/)
	Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (URI: https://www.jsps.go.jp/english/), grant/award no. 17H05128: Climatic impact on terrestrial environments and human migration in central Asia investigated by high-resolution analyses of lacustrine sediment core (URI: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PUBLICLY-17H05128/)
	Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (URI: https://www.jsps.go.jp/english/), grant/award no. 22H00560: Holocene terrestrial response to climate changes by high resolution analyses of freshwater lake sediments (URI: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22H00560/)
Coverage:	LATITUDE: 43.986897 * LONGITUDE: 129.031739
	DATE/TIME START: 2012-08-01T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2012-08-31T00:00:00
	MINIMUM DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.050 m * MAXIMUM DEPTH, sediment/rock: 3.150 m
Event(s):	JPS-1 * LATITUDE: 43.986897 * LONGITUDE: 129.031739 * DATE/TIME START: 2012-08-01T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2012-08-31T00:00:00 * Recovery: 0.32 m * LOCATION: Lake Jingpo * METHOD/DEVICE: Gravity corer (GC)
Comment:	The study was further supported by the Japan Geographic Data Center https://www.kokudo.or.jp/grant/.
Parameter(s):	DEPTH, sediment/rock [m] (Depth sed) * GEOCODE * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp)
	Age [a AD/CE] (Age) * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp)
	AGE [ka BP] (Age) * GEOCODE * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp)
	Iron oxide, Fe2O3 [%] (Fe2O3) * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp) * METHOD/DEVICE: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), glass-bead quantitative method * COMMENT: wt%
	Iron [%] (Fe) * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp) * METHOD/DEVICE: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), glass-bead quantitative method * COMMENT: wt%
	Manganese oxide [%] (MnO) * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp) * METHOD/DEVICE: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), glass-bead quantitative method * COMMENT: wt%
	Manganese [%] (Mn) * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp) * METHOD/DEVICE: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), glass-bead quantitative method * COMMENT: wt%
	Manganese/Iron ratio (Mn/Fe) * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp) * METHOD/DEVICE: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), glass-bead quantitative method
	Opal, biogenic silica [%] (bSiO2) * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp) * METHOD/DEVICE: Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES) * COMMENT: wt%
	Grain size, mean [µm] (Grain size mean) * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp) * METHOD/DEVICE: Laser diffraction particle size analyser
	Dust, aeolian [%] (Dust) * PI: Katsuta, Nagayoshi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0720, nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp) * COMMENT: Dust component
License:	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) (URI: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Status:	Curation Level: Enhanced curation (URI: https://wiki.pangaea.de/wiki/Curation_levels)
Size:	567 data points
*/
Depth sed [m]	Age [a AD/CE]	Age [ka BP]	Fe2O3 [%]	Fe [%]	MnO [%]	Mn [%]	Mn/Fe	bSiO2 [%]	Grain size mean [µm]	Dust [%]
0.050	2012.22	-0.06222	11.62	8.13	0.37	0.29	0.0353	21.34	6.99	70.23
0.100	2011.37	-0.06137	10.84	7.58	0.34	0.27	0.0350	17.24	5.08	43.75
0.150	2010.06	-0.06006	11.22	7.85	0.33	0.25	0.0321	7.47	2.97	25.26
0.200	2008.97	-0.05897	10.73	7.50	0.32	0.25	0.0328	9.88	4.12	29.13
0.250	2008.17	-0.05817	10.28	7.19	0.34	0.26	0.0364	18.25	7.66	60.87
0.300	2007.43	-0.05743	10.64	7.44	0.36	0.28	0.0375	17.71	7.82	52.98
0.350	2006.33	-0.05633	11.31	7.91	0.33	0.26	0.0324	10.25	6.18	34.92
0.400	2005.36	-0.05536	10.70	7.48	0.28	0.22	0.0289	8.40	4.82	36.72
0.450	2004.30	-0.05430	11.30	7.91	0.36	0.28	0.0357	13.66	6.02	54.39
0.500	2002.80	-0.05280	11.79	8.25	0.36	0.28	0.0339	10.30	4.83	39.21
0.550	2001.27	-0.05127	11.56	8.08	0.30	0.23	0.0286	6.36	2.27	28.56
0.600	1999.40	-0.04940	11.36	7.95	0.39	0.30	0.0377	11.45	6.05	54.53
0.650	1998.20	-0.04820	11.63	8.14	0.36	0.28	0.0344	16.17	6.36	72.67
0.700	1996.90	-0.04690	11.71	8.19	0.37	0.29	0.0353	12.71	4.82	39.38
0.750	1995.22	-0.04522	11.60	8.12	0.34	0.26	0.0325	9.98	5.14	39.13
0.800	1993.55	-0.04355	12.04	8.42	0.38	0.29	0.0349	10.68	6.16	46.26
0.850	1992.53	-0.04253	12.34	8.63	0.38	0.29	0.0338	8.53	3.06	38.28
0.900	1991.67	-0.04167	11.64	8.14	0.32	0.25	0.0302	7.44	4.19	39.15
0.950	1990.14	-0.04014	10.72	7.50	0.25	0.20	0.0262	7.58	5.10	58.31
1.000	1989.14	-0.03914	11.62	8.13	0.34	0.27	0.0327	9.92	4.00	44.88
1.050	1988.26	-0.03826	11.68	8.17	0.35	0.27	0.0329	10.82	4.71	44.70
1.100	1987.48	-0.03748	11.48	8.03	0.31	0.24	0.0299	8.42	3.73	28.75
1.150	1986.00	-0.03600	11.95	8.35	0.34	0.26	0.0313	9.08	4.16	34.72
1.200	1984.51	-0.03451	11.99	8.38	0.37	0.29	0.0343	15.40	6.07	51.57
1.250	1982.83	-0.03283	12.20	8.53	0.40	0.31	0.0367	17.01	7.61	57.15
1.300	1981.50	-0.03150	11.47	8.02	0.36	0.28	0.0351	12.86	6.18	51.66
1.350	1979.87	-0.02987	11.54	8.07	0.39	0.30	0.0371	12.72	6.71	58.64
1.400	1978.31	-0.02831	11.43	7.99	0.38	0.29	0.0367	17.69	7.82	71.43
1.450	1977.09	-0.02709	11.48	8.03	0.40	0.31	0.0384	22.28	7.67	87.28
1.500	1976.17	-0.02617	10.78	7.54	0.36	0.28	0.0370	31.61	8.49	70.80
1.550	1975.17	-0.02517	11.41	7.98	0.47	0.36	0.0451	22.32	7.59	69.63
1.600	1974.40	-0.02440	12.42	8.68	0.48	0.37	0.0425	18.32	6.99	95.58
1.650	1973.38	-0.02338	12.94	9.05	0.50	0.39	0.0430	13.25	9.12	44.43
1.700	1972.30	-0.02230	11.80	8.25	0.39	0.30	0.0367	16.57	7.58	79.42
1.750	1971.18	-0.02118	10.43	7.29	0.40	0.31	0.0422	26.82	7.46	93.36
1.800	1969.66	-0.01966	10.33	7.22	0.35	0.27	0.0381	35.31	9.17	82.49
1.850	1968.45	-0.01845	10.24	7.17	0.36	0.28	0.0395	32.28	7.43	86.23
1.900	1967.08	-0.01708	10.91	7.63	0.40	0.31	0.0405	26.69	6.90	93.90
1.950	1965.44	-0.01544	11.25	7.87	0.42	0.32	0.0412	23.90	6.62	75.50
2.000	1964.18	-0.01418	11.32	7.92	0.39	0.30	0.0381	24.77	8.38	80.40
2.050	1963.00	-0.01300	12.10	8.46	0.42	0.33	0.0389	14.18	5.39	64.73
2.100	1962.38	-0.01238	12.45	8.71	0.39	0.30	0.0346	11.17	5.37	59.07
2.150	1961.52	-0.01152	12.24	8.56	0.40	0.31	0.0364	11.57	4.32	43.24
2.200	1960.70	-0.01070	11.98	8.38	0.38	0.29	0.0347	9.80	5.41	65.40
2.250	1959.90	-0.00990	12.04	8.42	0.40	0.31	0.0367	8.52	4.30	50.71
2.300	1959.06	-0.00906	12.49	8.74	0.42	0.32	0.0370	13.52	5.91	66.91
2.350	1957.34	-0.00734	12.27	8.58	0.42	0.33	0.0380	12.23	6.39	59.66
2.400	1955.81	-0.00581	11.67	8.16	0.33	0.26	0.0314	10.67	5.25	62.01
2.450	1955.00	-0.00500	11.85	8.29	0.39	0.30	0.0367	9.20	4.04	59.90
2.500	1952.53	-0.00253	11.60	8.11	0.34	0.26	0.0326	10.30	5.00	56.51
2.550	1950.20	-0.00020	11.71	8.19	0.40	0.31	0.0381	9.65	5.37	58.87
2.600	1947.84	0.00216	12.43	8.70	0.40	0.31	0.0354	9.69	4.73	55.02
2.650	1945.89	0.00411	12.55	8.78	0.40	0.31	0.0354	10.43	4.81	51.86
2.700	1944.88	0.00512	13.02	9.11	0.43	0.33	0.0362	9.17	5.63	42.15
2.750	1940.63	0.00937	12.62	8.83	0.39	0.30	0.0344	11.04	4.56	46.17
2.800	1933.17	0.01683	12.61	8.82	0.38	0.29	0.0331	13.67	4.61	54.71
2.850	1921.75	0.02825	11.96	8.37	0.32	0.25	0.0297	13.68	5.39	50.72
2.900	1907.74	0.04226	12.22	8.55	0.37	0.29	0.0335	13.80	7.17	46.26
2.950	1895.08	0.05492	12.08	8.45	0.38	0.29	0.0346	15.96	6.49	54.18
3.000	1882.97	0.06703	11.97	8.37	0.38	0.29	0.0349	15.95	6.92	46.46
3.050	1862.97	0.08703	12.49	8.74	0.36	0.28	0.0318	13.00	5.24	33.09
3.100	1825.10	0.12490	12.40	8.67	0.34	0.26	0.0300	11.17	7.78	29.39
3.150	1731.60	0.21840	12.35	8.63	0.35	0.27	0.0314	11.80	4.51	52.16