<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><md:MetaData xmlns:md="http://www.pangaea.de/MetaData" version="2024-07-19">
<md:citation id="dataset991460">
<md:author id="dataset.author71637">
<md:lastName>Katsuta</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Nagayoshi</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-5049-0720</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:year>2026</md:year>
<md:title>Manganese/Iron ratio, biogenic silica and grain-size of sediment core JPS-1 from Lake Jingpo, northeast China</md:title>
<md:type id="dataset.reftype10" includeInCitation="true">dataset</md:type>
<md:URI>https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.991460</md:URI>
<md:dateTime>2026-03-31T08:29:11</md:dateTime>
<md:parentURI>https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.974362</md:parentURI>
</md:citation>
<md:abstract>Due to changing East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) during Holocene, the sediment cores were collected in Lake Jingpo in northeast China and were investigated to understand the variability of EASM precipitation and its possible mechanism. Sediment cores JB-A (9.76 m) and JPS-1 (0.32 m) were collected in August 2012 using the piston corer and gravity core sampler, respectively. The ages of JB-A and JPS-1 cores are 6092 years and 100 years based on the14C dates and the combined ages of excess 210Pb and 137Cs. Geochemical proxies of EASM precipitation were reconstructed by elemental compositions such as SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, CIA, and LOI, analyzed with the glass-bead XRF quantitative method. Multi-proxies of EAWM wind strength were reconstructed from the Mn/Fe ratio, grain-sizes, and biogenic silica, analyzed with the glass-bead XRF quantitative method, the laser diffraction, and the ICP-AES, respectively.</md:abstract>
<md:reference dataciteRelType="References" group="210" id="ref137727" relationType="Related to" relationTypeId="12">
<md:author id="ref137727.author71637">
<md:lastName>Katsuta</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Nagayoshi</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-5049-0720</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref137727.author27272">
<md:lastName>et al.</md:lastName>
</md:author>
<md:prepubStatus>submitted</md:prepubStatus>
<md:title>East Asian winter monsoon evolution in northeast China during the mid-to late Holocene and its impact on Chinese civilization</md:title>
</md:reference>
<md:reference dataciteRelType="References" group="210" id="ref131244" relationType="Related to" relationTypeId="12">
<md:author id="ref131244.author71637">
<md:lastName>Katsuta</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Nagayoshi</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-5049-0720</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref131244.author71643">
<md:lastName>Naito</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Sayuri</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref131244.author116509">
<md:lastName>Sano</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Naomi</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref131244.author97762">
<md:lastName>Ochiai</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Shinya</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref131244.author97759">
<md:lastName>Saito-Kokubu</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Yoko</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref131244.author78939">
<md:lastName>Ogita</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Yasuhiro</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref131244.author116510">
<md:lastName>Nishio</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Tomohiro</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref131244.author116511">
<md:lastName>Hasebe</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Noriko</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref131244.author92180">
<md:lastName>Nagao</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Seiya</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref131244.author71645">
<md:lastName>Kawakami</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Shin-ichi</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref131244.author111600">
<md:lastName>Shen</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Ji</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:year>2026</md:year>
<md:title>East Asian summer monsoon evolution in northeast China since the mid-Holocene reconstructed from chemical weathering intensity of Lake Jingpo sediments</md:title>
<md:type id="ref131244.reftype1">journal article</md:type>
<md:source id="ref131244.journal6174" relatedTermIds="33972,33974" type="journal">Global and Planetary Change</md:source>
<md:URI>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105441</md:URI>
<md:pages>105441</md:pages>
</md:reference>
<md:extent>
<md:geographic>
<md:westBoundLongitude>129.031739</md:westBoundLongitude>
<md:eastBoundLongitude>129.031739</md:eastBoundLongitude>
<md:southBoundLatitude>43.986897</md:southBoundLatitude>
<md:northBoundLatitude>43.986897</md:northBoundLatitude>
<md:meanLongitude>129.031739</md:meanLongitude>
<md:meanLatitude>43.986897</md:meanLatitude>
</md:geographic>
<md:temporal>
<md:minDateTime>2012-08-01T00:00:00</md:minDateTime>
<md:maxDateTime>2012-08-31T00:00:00</md:maxDateTime>
</md:temporal>
<md:elevation geocodeId="geocode1" name="DEPTH, sediment/rock" unit="m">
<md:min>0.05</md:min>
<md:max>3.15</md:max>
</md:elevation>
</md:extent>
<md:award id="award3520">
<md:funder id="award3520.funder20747" semanticURI="https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001691">
<md:name>Japan Society for the Promotion of Science</md:name>
<md:optionalName>JSPS</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>https://www.jsps.go.jp/english/</md:URI>
<md:crossrefFunderId>https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001691</md:crossrefFunderId>
</md:funder>
<md:number>16H05643</md:number>
<md:title>Relationship between water resource and environmental change investigated by saline lake level changes</md:title>
<md:URI>https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16H05643/</md:URI>
</md:award>
<md:award id="award1633">
<md:funder id="award1633.funder20747" semanticURI="https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001691">
<md:name>Japan Society for the Promotion of Science</md:name>
<md:optionalName>JSPS</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>https://www.jsps.go.jp/english/</md:URI>
<md:crossrefFunderId>https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001691</md:crossrefFunderId>
</md:funder>
<md:number>17H05128</md:number>
<md:title>Climatic impact on terrestrial environments and human migration in central Asia investigated by high-resolution analyses of lacustrine sediment core</md:title>
<md:URI>https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PUBLICLY-17H05128/</md:URI>
</md:award>
<md:award id="award3521">
<md:funder id="award3521.funder20747" semanticURI="https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001691">
<md:name>Japan Society for the Promotion of Science</md:name>
<md:optionalName>JSPS</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>https://www.jsps.go.jp/english/</md:URI>
<md:crossrefFunderId>https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001691</md:crossrefFunderId>
</md:funder>
<md:number>22H00560</md:number>
<md:title>Holocene terrestrial response to climate changes by high resolution analyses of freshwater lake sediments</md:title>
<md:URI>https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22H00560/</md:URI>
</md:award>
<md:event id="event3209427">
<md:label>JPS-1</md:label>
<md:latitude>43.986897</md:latitude>
<md:longitude>129.031739</md:longitude>
<md:dateTime>2012-08-01T00:00:00</md:dateTime>
<md:dateTime2>2012-08-31T00:00:00</md:dateTime2>
<md:attribute attid="19163" name="Recovery">0.32 m</md:attribute>
<md:location id="event3209427.term75319">
<md:name>Lake Jingpo</md:name>
</md:location>
<md:method id="event3209427.method11107">
<md:name>Gravity corer</md:name>
<md:optionalName>GC</md:optionalName>
</md:method>
</md:event>
<md:size unit="data points">567</md:size>
<md:license id="license21">
<md:label>CC-BY-4.0</md:label>
<md:name>Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</md:name>
<md:URI>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</md:URI>
</md:license>
<md:comment>The study was further supported by the Japan Geographic Data Center  https://www.kokudo.or.jp/grant/.</md:comment>
<md:matrixColumn behaviour="1" col="0" format="0.000" id="col0.ds15875185" source="geocode" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col0.ds15875185.geocode1">
<md:name>DEPTH, sediment/rock</md:name>
<md:shortName>Depth sed</md:shortName>
<md:unit>m</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="5" fragment="1" id="col0.ds15875185.geocode1.term1073131" semanticURI="urn:obo:pato:term:0001595" startOffset="0" terminologyId="14" terminologyLabel="PATO">
<md:name>depth</md:name>
<md:URI>http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001595</md:URI>
</md:term>
<md:term endOffset="15" fragment="2" id="col0.ds15875185.geocode1.term38263" startOffset="7" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>sediment</md:name>
<md:URI>http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002007</md:URI>
</md:term>
<md:term endOffset="20" fragment="3" id="col0.ds15875185.geocode1.term41056" startOffset="16" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>rock</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col0.ds15875185.geocode1.term43863" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#Length" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Length</md:name>
<md:optionalName>L</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Length</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:PI id="col0.ds15875185.pi71637">
<md:lastName>Katsuta</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Nagayoshi</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-5049-0720</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Depth sed [m]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="1" format="0.00" id="col1.ds15875186" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col1.ds15875186.param2936">
<md:name>Age</md:name>
<md:shortName>Age</md:shortName>
<md:unit>a AD/CE</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="3" fragment="1" id="col1.ds15875186.param2936.term1073135" semanticURI="urn:obo:pato:term:0000011" startOffset="0" terminologyId="14" terminologyLabel="PATO">
<md:name>age</md:name>
<md:URI>http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000011</md:URI>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col1.ds15875186.param2936.term43975" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#Time" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Time</md:name>
<md:optionalName>T</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Time</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:PI id="col1.ds15875186.pi71637">
<md:lastName>Katsuta</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Nagayoshi</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-5049-0720</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Age [a AD/CE]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn behaviour="5" col="2" format="0.00000" id="col2.ds15875187" source="geocode" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col2.ds15875187.geocode2205">
<md:name>AGE</md:name>
<md:shortName>Age</md:shortName>
<md:unit>ka BP</md:unit>
<md:URI>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyr</md:URI>
<md:term endOffset="3" fragment="1" id="col2.ds15875187.geocode2205.term1073135" semanticURI="urn:obo:pato:term:0000011" startOffset="0" terminologyId="14" terminologyLabel="PATO">
<md:name>age</md:name>
<md:URI>http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000011</md:URI>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col2.ds15875187.geocode2205.term43975" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#Time" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Time</md:name>
<md:optionalName>T</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Time</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:PI id="col2.ds15875187.pi71637">
<md:lastName>Katsuta</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Nagayoshi</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-5049-0720</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Age [ka BP]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="3" format="0.00" id="col3.ds15875188" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col3.ds15875188.param705">
<md:name>Iron oxide, Fe2O3</md:name>
<md:shortName>Fe2O3</md:shortName>
<md:unit>%</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="10" fragment="1" id="col3.ds15875188.param705.term1073388" semanticURI="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50816" startOffset="0" terminologyId="16" terminologyLabel="ChEBI">
<md:name>iron oxide</md:name>
<md:URI>http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50816</md:URI>
</md:term>
<md:term endOffset="17" fragment="2" id="col3.ds15875188.param705.term40802" startOffset="12" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>ferric oxide</md:name>
<md:optionalName>Fe2O3</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col3.ds15875188.param705.term43794" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#DimensionlessRatio" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Dimensionless Ratio</md:name>
<md:optionalName>ψ</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col3.ds15875188.method17462">
<md:name>X-ray fluorescence (XRF), glass-bead quantitative method</md:name>
<md:term id="col3.ds15875188.method17462.term67649" terminologyId="3" terminologyLabel="PAN-M&amp;D">
<md:name>Optical tools &amp; radiometric sensors</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col3.ds15875188.method17462.term2299416" semanticURI="SDN:L05::LAB25" terminologyId="21" terminologyLabel="NERC-L05-L22">
<md:name>X-ray fluorescence analysers</md:name>
<md:URI>http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB25/</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col3.ds15875188.pi71637">
<md:lastName>Katsuta</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Nagayoshi</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-5049-0720</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:comment>wt%</md:comment>
<md:caption>Fe2O3 [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="4" format="0.00" id="col4.ds15875189" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col4.ds15875189.param77">
<md:name>Iron</md:name>
<md:shortName>Fe</md:shortName>
<md:unit>%</md:unit>
<md:term id="col4.ds15875189.param77.term43794" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#DimensionlessRatio" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Dimensionless Ratio</md:name>
<md:optionalName>ψ</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col4.ds15875189.method17462">
<md:name>X-ray fluorescence (XRF), glass-bead quantitative method</md:name>
<md:term id="col4.ds15875189.method17462.term67649" terminologyId="3" terminologyLabel="PAN-M&amp;D">
<md:name>Optical tools &amp; radiometric sensors</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col4.ds15875189.method17462.term2299416" semanticURI="SDN:L05::LAB25" terminologyId="21" terminologyLabel="NERC-L05-L22">
<md:name>X-ray fluorescence analysers</md:name>
<md:URI>http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB25/</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col4.ds15875189.pi71637">
<md:lastName>Katsuta</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Nagayoshi</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-5049-0720</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:comment>wt%</md:comment>
<md:caption>Fe [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="5" format="0.00" id="col5.ds15875190" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col5.ds15875190.param706">
<md:name>Manganese oxide</md:name>
<md:shortName>MnO</md:shortName>
<md:unit>%</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="15" fragment="1" id="col5.ds15875190.param706.term40753" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>manganese oxide</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col5.ds15875190.param706.term43794" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#DimensionlessRatio" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Dimensionless Ratio</md:name>
<md:optionalName>ψ</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col5.ds15875190.method17462">
<md:name>X-ray fluorescence (XRF), glass-bead quantitative method</md:name>
<md:term id="col5.ds15875190.method17462.term67649" terminologyId="3" terminologyLabel="PAN-M&amp;D">
<md:name>Optical tools &amp; radiometric sensors</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col5.ds15875190.method17462.term2299416" semanticURI="SDN:L05::LAB25" terminologyId="21" terminologyLabel="NERC-L05-L22">
<md:name>X-ray fluorescence analysers</md:name>
<md:URI>http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB25/</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col5.ds15875190.pi71637">
<md:lastName>Katsuta</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Nagayoshi</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-5049-0720</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:comment>wt%</md:comment>
<md:caption>MnO [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="6" format="0.00" id="col6.ds15875191" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col6.ds15875191.param78">
<md:name>Manganese</md:name>
<md:shortName>Mn</md:shortName>
<md:unit>%</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="9" fragment="1" id="col6.ds15875191.param78.term38521" semanticURI="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18291" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>manganese</md:name>
<md:optionalName>Mn</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:18291</md:URI>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col6.ds15875191.param78.term43794" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#DimensionlessRatio" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Dimensionless Ratio</md:name>
<md:optionalName>ψ</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col6.ds15875191.method17462">
<md:name>X-ray fluorescence (XRF), glass-bead quantitative method</md:name>
<md:term id="col6.ds15875191.method17462.term67649" terminologyId="3" terminologyLabel="PAN-M&amp;D">
<md:name>Optical tools &amp; radiometric sensors</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col6.ds15875191.method17462.term2299416" semanticURI="SDN:L05::LAB25" terminologyId="21" terminologyLabel="NERC-L05-L22">
<md:name>X-ray fluorescence analysers</md:name>
<md:URI>http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB25/</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col6.ds15875191.pi71637">
<md:lastName>Katsuta</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Nagayoshi</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>nkatsuta@gifu-u.ac.jp</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-5049-0720</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:comment>wt%</md:comment>
<md:caption>Mn [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="7" format="0.0000" id="col7.ds15875192" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col7.ds15875192.param6173">
<md:name>Manganese/Iron ratio</md:name>
<md:shortName>Mn/Fe</md:shortName>
<md:term endOffset="9" fragment="1" id="col7.ds15875192.param6173.term38521" semanticURI="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18291" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>manganese</md:name>
<md:optionalName>Mn</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:18291</md:URI>
</md:term>
<md:term endOffset="20" fragment="3" id="col7.ds15875192.param6173.term2663825" semanticURI="urn:pangaea:obo:pato:syn:3_0001470" startOffset="15" terminologyId="14" terminologyLabel="PATO">
<md:name>ratio</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col7.ds15875192.method17462">
<md:name>X-ray fluorescence (XRF), glass-bead quantitative method</md:name>
<md:term id="col7.ds15875192.method17462.term67649" terminologyId="3" terminologyLabel="PAN-M&amp;D">
<md:name>Optical tools &amp; radiometric sensors</md:name>
</md:term>
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