https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.991015Chu, YongzhiYongzhiChu0000-0002-2549-0670Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityLi, XiaohuXiaohuLiXie, Ruifang CRuifang CXie0000-0002-6628-9236Conway, Tim MTim MConway0000-0002-3069-9786Xu, AntaoAntaoXu0000-0002-5644-0852Dong, YanhuiYanhuiDongPANGAEA2026Aeolian dustFerromanganese crustIron biogeochemsitryIsotopic fingerprintingMarine geochemistryNorth PacificAgeδ56Feδ56Fe, standard deviationDredge, rockMultiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (MC-ICPMS)2003-07-19T00:00:00Dataset78 data pointstext/tab-separated-valuesCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 InternationalIron (Fe) is a key micronutrient regulating marine productivity and the global carbon cycle, yet reconstructing the relative contributions of different Fe sources through time remains challenging. Here we present high-resolution iron isotopic compositions (δ56Fe), measured by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), from a Fe-Mn crust sample (CXD31) recovered from the North Pacific Ocean, spanning the past ~23 Myr. The Fe isotopic values vary within the range of modern marine Fe sources, reflecting dynamic mixing among atmospheric dust, sedimentary inputs, and hydrothermal contributions. Using isotope mass-balance calculations, we reconstruct temporal changes in the relative importance of these Fe sources since the Miocene. Three intervals characterized by elevated δ56Fe values (~16.9, ~11.6, and ~2.7 Ma) indicate enhanced inputs of isotopically heavy Fe, which we attribute to increased aeolian dust supply linked to progressive aridification of inland Asia. These Fe isotope data provide a long-term record of Fe source variability in the North Pacific and offer new constraints on the coupling between continental climate evolution and oceanic Fe cycling.173.219.9National Key Research and Development Program of Chinahttps://doi.org/10.13039/5011000121662023YFC2811205National Key Research and Development Program of Chinahttps://doi.org/10.13039/5011000121662023YFC2811305National Natural Science Foundation of Chinahttps://doi.org/10.13039/50110000180942376035National Natural Science Foundation of Chinahttps://doi.org/10.13039/501100001809U2244222Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administrationhttps://doi.org/10.13039/501100013288SZ2563