Citation:

PANGAEA.991014 (DOI registration in progress)

Name: In-situ concentrations of iron and aluminium in CXD31 sub-samples
Published: 2026-04-01
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Aeolian dust; Ferromanganese crust; Iron biogeochemsitry; Isotopic fingerprinting; Marine geochemistry; North Pacific

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Published: 2026-04-01

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Abstract:

Iron (Fe) availability in the ocean is strongly influenced by external inputs, including atmospheric deposition, sediment dissolution, and hydrothermal fluxes. To investigate long-term changes in Fe supply, we report in-situ measurements of Fe and aluminium (Al) concentrations from sub-samples of a Fe-Mn crust (CXD31) from the North Pacific Ocean, covering the last ~23 Myr. Iron concentrations exhibit a long-term increasing trend superimposed by several pronounced peaks, while Al concentrations co-vary with Fe during specific intervals, indicating variable terrigenous input. Periods of elevated Fe and Al concentrations at ~16.9, ~11.6, and ~2.7 Ma suggest intensified delivery of lithogenic material to the open ocean. We interpret these peaks as reflecting enhanced atmospheric dust fluxes associated with major phases of Asian inland aridification. The Fe–Al concentration dataset provides an independent geochemical archive for reconstructing variations in external Fe supply and supports a strong link between continental climate evolution and trace metal accumulation in the North Pacific.

Keyword(s):

Aeolian dust; Ferromanganese crust; Iron biogeochemsitry; Isotopic fingerprinting; Marine geochemistry; North Pacific

Funding:

National Key Research and Development Program of China, grant/award no. 2023YFC2811205

National Key Research and Development Program of China, grant/award no. 2023YFC2811305

National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), grant/award no. NSFC 42376035: Tracing water column export production and remineralization using Ba and Cd isotopes

National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), grant/award no. U2244222

Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, grant/award no. SZ2563

Coverage:

Latitude: 19.900000 * Longitude: 173.200000

Date/Time Start: 2003-07-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2003-07-19T00:00:00

Minimum Elevation: -1357.0 m * Maximum Elevation: -1357.0 m

Event(s):

DY105-12/14_CXD31 (CXD31) * Latitude: 19.900000 * Longitude: 173.200000 * Date/Time: 2003-07-19T00:00:00 * Elevation: -1357.0 m * Method/Device: Dredge, rock (DRG_R) * Comment: Fe–Mn crust collected by rock dredging on a seamount slope

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Sample number	Sample no		Chu, Yongzhi
2	Age	Age	Ma	Chu, Yongzhi
3	Iron	Fe	%	Chu, Yongzhi	Electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), JEOL JXA-iSP100	wt%
4	Aluminium	Al	%	Chu, Yongzhi	Electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), JEOL JXA-iSP100	wt%

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

416 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Sample no	2 Age [Ma]	3 Fe [%]	4 Al [%]
CXD31-1	0.00	15.80	0.32
CXD31-2	0.20	14.16	0.25
CXD31-3	0.39	15.54	0.28
CXD31-4	0.59	17.66	0.33
CXD31-5	0.78	15.01	0.29
CXD31-6	1.05	15.70	0.33
CXD31-7	1.33	16.33	0.31
CXD31-8	1.60	16.25	0.31
CXD31-9	1.82	14.66	0.24
CXD31-10	1.93	14.30	0.23
CXD31-11	2.05	13.63	0.23
CXD31-12	2.17	14.39	0.24
CXD31-13	2.28	13.52	0.25
CXD31-14	2.40	15.66	0.25
CXD31-15	2.52	15.93	0.26
CXD31-16	2.72	23.25	0.65
CXD31-17	3.05	18.64	0.36
CXD31-18	3.23	16.45	0.28
CXD31-19	3.42	14.01	0.22
CXD31-20	3.66	14.41	0.22
CXD31-21	4.12	13.68	0.22
CXD31-22	4.31	14.72	0.25
CXD31-23	4.45	15.38	0.29
CXD31-24	4.59	11.92	0.21
CXD31-25	4.75	14.28	0.24
CXD31-26	4.90	9.83	0.21
CXD31-27	5.12	10.55	0.21
CXD31-28	5.89	9.80	0.20
CXD31-29	6.38	9.22	0.21
CXD31-30	6.61	13.72	0.22
CXD31-31	6.92	11.24	0.21
CXD31-32	7.20	11.83	0.21
CXD31-33	7.53	11.85	0.20
CXD31-34	7.70	12.40	0.22
CXD31-35	7.87	11.24	0.20
CXD31-36	8.04	13.09	0.24
CXD31-37	8.26	13.21	0.23
CXD31-38	8.37	14.56	0.27
CXD31-39	8.60	12.90	0.26
CXD31-40	8.86	10.27	0.20
CXD31-41	9.12	15.46	0.29
CXD31-42	9.23	9.40	0.20
CXD31-43	9.35	8.47	0.20
CXD31-44	9.54	9.13	0.21
CXD31-45	9.76	8.11	0.21
CXD31-46	9.93	8.32	0.21
CXD31-47	10.41	10.43	0.21
CXD31-48	10.89	11.67	0.24
CXD31-49	11.28	17.37	0.53
CXD31-50	11.58	18.05	0.65
CXD31-51	11.94	14.09	0.27
CXD31-52	12.16	18.20	0.37
CXD31-53	12.27	14.17	0.24
CXD31-54	12.44	13.03	0.23
CXD31-55	12.69	13.27	0.20
CXD31-56	12.88	16.54	0.28
CXD31-57	12.98	14.34	0.22
CXD31-58	13.10	14.22	0.23
CXD31-59	13.25	10.53	0.19
CXD31-60	13.39	12.15	0.28
CXD31-61	13.52	4.97	0.29
CXD31-62	13.63	4.34	0.32
CXD31-63	13.71	5.14	0.22
CXD31-64	14.07	5.80	0.21
CXD31-65	14.22	5.61	0.22
CXD31-66	14.71	4.47	0.18
CXD31-67	15.08	4.24	0.19
CXD31-68	15.31	5.18	0.19
CXD31-69	15.62	3.63	0.21
CXD31-70	15.92	3.36	0.19
CXD31-71	16.55	5.71	0.27
CXD31-72	16.94	10.44	0.36
CXD31-73	17.24	6.13	0.27
CXD31-74	17.41	5.25	0.20
CXD31-75	17.62	5.27	0.19
CXD31-76	17.95	5.35	0.17
CXD31-77	18.20	5.83	0.19
CXD31-78	18.42	6.22	0.16
CXD31-79	18.62	4.83	0.18
CXD31-80	18.89	3.93	0.22
CXD31-81	19.38	5.13	0.13
CXD31-82	19.76	3.86	0.18
CXD31-83	19.91	3.77	0.15
CXD31-84	20.06	6.05	0.16
CXD31-85	20.21	3.28	0.15
CXD31-86	20.36	5.60	0.12
CXD31-87	20.50	4.59	0.13
CXD31-88	20.62	5.25	0.13
CXD31-89	20.79	13.18	0.25
CXD31-90	21.07	5.41	0.11
CXD31-91	21.30	5.99	0.11
CXD31-92	21.53	9.63	0.20
CXD31-93	21.74	5.02	0.15
CXD31-94	21.94	4.40	0.14
CXD31-95	22.14	6.81	0.55
CXD31-96	22.30	5.64	0.12
CXD31-97	22.41	6.87	0.22
CXD31-98	22.51	7.78	0.34
CXD31-99	22.61	8.41	0.14
CXD31-100	22.69	4.79	0.17
CXD31-101	22.78	7.78	0.14
CXD31-102	22.86	4.66	0.13
CXD31-103	22.95	3.54	0.73
CXD31-104	23.03	13.14	0.31