Dissolved and particulate trace metal and rare earth element (REE) concentrations during a mesocosm based phytoplankton bloom simulating intertidal coastal conditions
type: Dataset
creator: Corinna Mori
creator: Maren Striebel
creator: Hans-Jürgen Brumsack
creator: Thorsten Dittmar
creator: Nur Ili Hamizah Mustaffa
creator: Kallajoki Liisa
  type: Person
  family name: Liisa
  given name: Kallajoki
  affiliation: Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Germany
creator: Katharina Pahnke
publisher: PANGAEA
  type: Organization
  disambiguating description: Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
included in data catalog: PANGAEA
  type: DataCatalog
  disambiguating description: Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
date published: 2026-03-17
additional type: dataset
description: We analyzed concentrations of dissolved and particulate trace metals, including iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), vanadium (V), molybdenum (Mo), thallium (Tl), and rare earth elements (REE), during a mesocosm-based phytoplankton summer bloom mimicking the intertidal zone of the southern North Sea (Jade Bay). The studies aimed to identify key drivers controlling their biogeochemical cycling in dynamic, high-productivity coastal environments. Our results highlight the tidally influenced coastal zone as a critical interface that alters the behavior of supposedly conservative elements such as Mo and Tl (Mori et al., 2021) as well as natural and anthropogenic REE (incl., lanthanum, samarium, and gadolinium) (Mori et al., under review). Trace metal concentrations and shale-normalized REE patterns, determined by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), were combined with biogeochemical bulk parameters and pigment-based assessments of phytoplankton growth and community composition (Mustaffa et al., 2020). Trace metal and REE cycling were evaluated in relation to phytoplankton dynamics, particulate organic matter composition (C, N, P), dissolved organic carbon, total dissolved nitrogen, and macronutrient concentrations (nitrate, ammonium, silicate, and inorganic phosphate). The dataset was obtained during a Planktotron-based mesocosm experiment conducted within the framework of the Coastal Ocean Darkening project (Mustaffa et al., 2020).
abstract: We analyzed concentrations of dissolved and particulate trace metals, including iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), vanadium (V), molybdenum (Mo), thallium (Tl), and rare earth elements (REE), during a mesocosm-based phytoplankton summer bloom mimicking the intertidal zone of the southern North Sea (Jade Bay). The studies aimed to identify key drivers controlling their biogeochemical cycling in dynamic, high-productivity coastal environments. Our results highlight the tidally influenced coastal zone as a critical interface that alters the behavior of supposedly conservative elements such as Mo and Tl (Mori et al., 2021) as well as natural and anthropogenic REE (incl., lanthanum, samarium, and gadolinium) (Mori et al., under review). Trace metal concentrations and shale-normalized REE patterns, determined by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), were combined with biogeochemical bulk parameters and pigment-based assessments of phytoplankton growth and community composition (Mustaffa et al., 2020). Trace metal and REE cycling were evaluated in relation to phytoplankton dynamics, particulate organic matter composition (C, N, P), dissolved organic carbon, total dissolved nitrogen, and macronutrient concentrations (nitrate, ammonium, silicate, and inorganic phosphate). The dataset was obtained during a Planktotron-based mesocosm experiment conducted within the framework of the Coastal Ocean Darkening project (Mustaffa et al., 2020).
citation: Biogeochemical cycling of molybdenum and thallium during a phytoplankton summer bloom: A mesocosm study
citation: Rare earth element cycling in high productivity coastal environments – in situ vs. benthic-pelagic coupling mediated patterns
citation: Coastal Ocean Darkening Effects via Terrigenous DOM Addition on Plankton: An Indoor Mesocosm Experiment
spatial coverage: Place
  geo: GeoCoordinates
    latitude: 53.514100000000106
    longitude: 8.145499999999993
temporal coverage: 2017-08-10T10:00:00/2017-09-21T09:52:00
funding: Biogeochemical cycling of selected potentially harmful (ultra-)trace metals (Tl, REE) in coastal environments
  type: MonetaryGrant
  funder: German Research Foundation
funding: Coastal ocean darkening – Light availability in the past and future marine environment
  type: MonetaryGrant
  funder: Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony
size: QuantitativeValue
  value: 5770.0
  unit text: data points
variable measured: Event label
variable measured: Type of study
  type: PropertyValue
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: type
variable measured: LATITUDE
variable measured: LONGITUDE
variable measured: Sample code/label
variable measured: Sampling date/time, experiment
  type: PropertyValue
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: Time
variable measured: Replicate
variable measured: Day of experiment
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: day
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: day
    has defined term: Time
variable measured: Incubation type
variable measured: Salinity
  type: PropertyValue
  measurement technique: Handheld multiparameter instrument, WTW, Multi 250i
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: salinity
variable measured: pH
  type: PropertyValue
  measurement technique: Handheld multiparameter instrument, WTW, Multi 250i
variable measured: Nitrogen oxide
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µmol/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Multiscan GO Microplate
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: nitrogen oxide
    has defined term: Molar Concentration
variable measured: Nitrate
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µmol/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Multiscan GO Microplate
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: nitrate
    has defined term: Molar Concentration
variable measured: Nitrite
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µmol/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Multiscan GO Microplate
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: nitrite
    has defined term: Molar Concentration
variable measured: Ammonium
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µmol/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Multiscan GO Microplate
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: ammonium
    has defined term: Molar Concentration
variable measured: Silicate, dissolved
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µmol/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Multiscan GO Microplate
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: dissolved
    has defined term: Molar Concentration
variable measured: Phosphorus, inorganic, dissolved
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µmol/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Multiscan GO Microplate
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: phosphorus
    has defined term: dissolved
    has defined term: Molar Concentration
variable measured: Alloxanthin
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: 9'-cis-Neoxanthin
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: 9'-cis-neoxanthin
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: Chlorophyll a
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: chlorophyll a
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: Chlorophyll b
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: chlorophyll b
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: Chlorophyll c1
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: chlorophyll c1
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: Chlorophyll c2
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: chlorophyll c2
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: beta-Cryptoxanthin
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: beta-cryptoxanthin
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: Trans-Echinenone
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: Fucoxanthin
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: fucoxanthin
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: Lutein
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: lutein
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: Peridinin
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: peridinin
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: Violaxanthin
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: violaxanthin
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: all-trans-Zeaxanthin
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: µg/l
  measurement technique: Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, AquaMate Plus UV-VIS
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
    has defined term: Density
variable measured: Suspended particulate matter
  type: PropertyValue
  unit text: mg/l
  description: obtained from the dry weight difference of polycarbonate filters before and after filtration
  subject of: DefinedTermSet
variable measured: Carbon, organic, dissolved
variable measured: Nitrogen, total dissolved
variable measured: Carbon, organic, particulate
variable measured: Nitrogen, organic, particulate
variable measured: Phosphorus, organic, particulate
variable measured: Manganese, dissolved
variable measured: Iron, dissolved
variable measured: Vanadium, dissolved
variable measured: Molybdenum, dissolved
variable measured: Thallium, dissolved
variable measured: Lanthanum, dissolved
variable measured: Cerium, dissolved
variable measured: Praseodymium, dissolved
variable measured: Neodymium, dissolved
variable measured: Samarium, dissolved
variable measured: Europium, dissolved
variable measured: Gadolinium, dissolved
variable measured: Terbium, dissolved
variable measured: Dysprosium, dissolved
variable measured: Holmium, dissolved
variable measured: Erbium, dissolved
variable measured: Thulium, dissolved
keywords: Anthropogenic REE; coastal ecosystem; mesocosm; Phytoplankton; Phytoplankton bloom; Planktotron; Rare earth elements
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
conditions of access: access rights needed
is accessible for free: false
language: en

Corinna Mori
type: Person
family name: Mori
given name: Corinna
affiliation: Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Germany

Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Germany
type: Organization
alternate name: ICBM

Maren Striebel
type: Person
family name: Striebel
given name: Maren
affiliation: Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Germany

Hans-Jürgen Brumsack
type: Person
family name: Brumsack
given name: Hans-Jürgen
affiliation: Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Germany

Thorsten Dittmar
type: Person
family name: Dittmar
given name: Thorsten
affiliation: Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Germany

Nur Ili Hamizah Mustaffa
type: Person
family name: Mustaffa
given name: Nur Ili Hamizah
affiliation: Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Germany

Katharina Pahnke
type: Person
family name: Pahnke
given name: Katharina
affiliation: Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Germany

Biogeochemical cycling of molybdenum and thallium during a phytoplankton summer bloom: A mesocosm study
type: CreativeWork
type: ScholarlyArticle
creator: Corinna Mori
creator: Melanie Beck
creator: Maren Striebel
creator: Julian Merder
creator: Bernhard Schnetger
creator: Thorsten Dittmar
creator: Katharina Pahnke
creator: Hans-Jürgen Brumsack
date published: 2021
pagination: 103910
is part of: Marine Chemistry
  type: Periodical
  type: PublicationVolume
  volume number: 229
additional type: journal article

Melanie Beck
type: Person
family name: Beck
given name: Melanie

Julian Merder
type: Person
family name: Merder
given name: Julian

Bernhard Schnetger
type: Person
family name: Schnetger
given name: Bernhard

Rare earth element cycling in high productivity coastal environments – in situ vs. benthic-pelagic coupling mediated patterns
type: CreativeWork
type: ScholarlyArticle
creator: Corinna Mori
creator: Maren Striebel
creator: Katharina Pahnke
creative work status: preprint
additional type: journal article

Coastal Ocean Darkening Effects via Terrigenous DOM Addition on Plankton: An Indoor Mesocosm Experiment
type: CreativeWork
type: ScholarlyArticle
creator: Nur Ili Hamizah Mustaffa
creator: Kallajoki Liisa
  type: Person
  family name: Liisa
  given name: Kallajoki
creator: Johanna Biederbick
  type: Person
  family name: Biederbick
  given name: Johanna
creator: Franziska Isabell Binder
  type: Person
  family name: Binder
  given name: Franziska Isabell
creator: Alexandra Schlenker
  type: Person
  family name: Schlenker
  given name: Alexandra
creator: Maren Striebel
date published: 2020
pagination: 547829
is part of: Frontiers in Marine Science
  type: Periodical
  type: PublicationVolume
  volume number: 7
additional type: journal article

German Research Foundation
type: Organization
alternate name: DFG

Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony
type: Organization
alternate name: MWK

Time
type: DefinedTerm
alternate name: T

salinity
type: DefinedTerm

nitrogen oxide
type: DefinedTerm

nitrate
type: DefinedTerm

nitrite
type: DefinedTerm

ammonium
type: DefinedTerm

dissolved
type: DefinedTerm

Density
type: DefinedTerm

9'-cis-neoxanthin
type: DefinedTerm

chlorophyll a
type: DefinedTerm

chlorophyll b
type: DefinedTerm

chlorophyll c1
type: DefinedTerm

chlorophyll c2
type: DefinedTerm

beta-cryptoxanthin
type: DefinedTerm

fucoxanthin
type: DefinedTerm

lutein
type: DefinedTerm

peridinin
type: DefinedTerm

violaxanthin
type: DefinedTerm

carbon
type: DefinedTerm
alternate name: C

nitrogen
type: DefinedTerm
alternate name: N

manganese
type: DefinedTerm
alternate name: Mn

thallium
type: DefinedTerm

cerium
type: DefinedTerm

samarium
type: DefinedTerm
alternate name: Sm

europium
type: DefinedTerm
alternate name: Eu

terbium
type: DefinedTerm
alternate name: Tb

erbium
type: DefinedTerm

thulium
type: DefinedTerm
alternate name: Tm

ytterbium
type: DefinedTerm

lutetium
type: DefinedTerm
alternate name: Lu

ratio
type: DefinedTerm

inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopes
type: DefinedTerm

Cerium
type: DefinedTerm

refractory
type: DefinedTerm

DefinedTermSet
has defined term: suspended matter
has defined term: Density

Carbon, organic, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: µmol/l
measurement technique: High catalytic combustion, Shimadzu, Shimadzu TOC-VCPH equipped with TDN unit
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: carbon
  has defined term: organic
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Nitrogen, total dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: µmol/l
measurement technique: High catalytic combustion, Shimadzu, Shimadzu TOC-VCPH equipped with TDN unit
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: nitrogen
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Carbon, organic, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: µmol/l
measurement technique: Elemental analyzer, Thermo Scientific, Flash EA 1112
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: carbon
  has defined term: organic
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Nitrogen, organic, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: µmol/l
measurement technique: Elemental analyzer, Thermo Scientific, Flash EA 1112
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: nitrogen
  has defined term: organic
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Phosphorus, organic, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: µmol/l
measurement technique: Spectrophotometry using molybdate reaction after sulfuric acid digestion according to Grasshoff et al. (2009)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: phosphorus
  has defined term: organic
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Manganese, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: µmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Thermo Finnigan, Element 2
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: manganese
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Iron, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: µmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Thermo Finnigan, Element 2
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Vanadium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Thermo Finnigan, Element 2
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: vanadium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Molybdenum, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Thermo Finnigan, Element 2
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: molybdenum
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Thallium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Thermo Finnigan, Element 2
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: thallium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Lanthanum, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: lanthanum
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: La
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Cerium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: cerium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Praseodymium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: praseodymium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Pr
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Neodymium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: neodymium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Nd
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Samarium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: samarium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Europium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: europium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Gadolinium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: gadolinium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Gd
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Terbium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: terbium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Dysprosium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: dysprosium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Holmium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: holmium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Ho
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Erbium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: erbium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Thulium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: thulium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Ytterbium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: ytterbium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Lutetium, dissolved
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/kg
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: lutetium
  has defined term: dissolved
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Light rare-earth elements
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: light rare-earth element
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: LREE
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Middle rare-earth elements
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Heavy rare-earth elements
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., iCAP TQ
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: heavy rare-earth element
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: HREE
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Heavy rare-earth elements/light rare-earth elements ratio
type: PropertyValue
description: calculated based on Post Archean Australian (PAAS)(Pourmand et al., 2012) normalized SUM(Tm, Yb, Lu)/SUM(La_nat, Pr, Nd)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: ratio

Cerium anomaly
type: PropertyValue
measurement technique: Calculated using equation Ce/Ce*PAAS = CePAAS/(PrPAAS²/NdPAAS) of Lawrence et al. (2006)

Lanthanum anomaly
type: PropertyValue
measurement technique: calculated after Kulaksiz and Bau (2013)

Samarium anomaly
type: PropertyValue
measurement technique: calculated after Kulaksiz and Bau (2013)

Gadolinium anomaly
type: PropertyValue
measurement technique: calculated after Kulaksiz and Bau (2013)

Aluminium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: µmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), Thermo, iCAP 6000
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: aluminium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Al
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration
  has defined term: Chromatographs & spectrometers
  has defined term: inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopes

Iron, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: µmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), Thermo, iCAP 6000
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration
  has defined term: Chromatographs & spectrometers
  has defined term: inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopes

Manganese, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: µmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), Thermo, iCAP 6000
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: manganese
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration
  has defined term: Chromatographs & spectrometers
  has defined term: inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopes

Vanadium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Thermo Finnigan, Element 2
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: vanadium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Molybdenum, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Thermo Finnigan, Element 2
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: molybdenum
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Thallium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: pmol/l
measurement technique: Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Thermo Finnigan, Element 2
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: thallium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Lanthanum, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: lanthanum
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: La
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Cerium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: Cerium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Praesodymium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Neodymium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: neodymium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Nd
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Samarium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: samarium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Europium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: europium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Gadolinium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: gadolinium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Gd
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Terbium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: terbium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Dysprosium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: dysprosium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Holmium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: holmium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Ho
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Erbium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: erbium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Thulium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: thulium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Ytterbium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: ytterbium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Lutetium, particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: disgestion according to Heinrichs et al. (1986)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: lutetium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Lanthanum, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: lanthanum
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: La
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Cerium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: Cerium
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Praseodymium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: praseodymium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Pr
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Neodymium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: neodymium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Nd
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Samarium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: samarium
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Europium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: europium
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Gadolinium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: gadolinium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Gd
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Terbium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: terbium
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Dysprosium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: dysprosium
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Holmium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: holmium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Ho
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Erbium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: erbium
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Thulium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: thulium
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Ytterbium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: ytterbium
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Lutetium, labile particulate
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: leaching according to Berger et al. (2008)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: lutetium
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Lanthanum, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: lanthanum
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: La
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Cerium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: Cerium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Praseodymium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: praseodymium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Pr
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Neodymium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: neodymium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Nd
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Samarium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: samarium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Europium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: europium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Gadolinium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: gadolinium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Gd
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Terbium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: terbium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Dysprosium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: dysprosium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Holmium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: holmium
    type: DefinedTerm
    alternate name: Ho
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Erbium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: erbium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Thulium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: thulium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Ytterbium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: ytterbium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

Lutetium, particulate, refractory
type: PropertyValue
unit text: nmol/l
measurement technique: Triple-Quatrupole inductively coupled mass spectometry (ICP-MS, iCAP-TQ), Thermo Scientific
description: digestion according to Ohnemus et al. (2017)
subject of: DefinedTermSet
  has defined term: lutetium
  has defined term: particulate
  has defined term: refractory
  has defined term: Molar Concentration

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