<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!--*** Generated from internal PANGAEA metadata schema by dif.xslt ***--><DIF xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.4.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/">
<Entry_ID>PANGAEA_990321</Entry_ID>
<Entry_Title>Sea ice brine biogeochemistry measured during RV POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII aka ISPOL in 2004/05</Entry_Title>
<Data_Set_Citation>
<Dataset_Creator>Thomas, David Neville; Papadimitriou, Stathys</Dataset_Creator>
<Dataset_Title>Sea ice brine biogeochemistry measured during RV POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII aka ISPOL in 2004/05</Dataset_Title>
<Dataset_Release_Date>2026-02-18</Dataset_Release_Date>
<Dataset_Publisher>PANGAEA</Dataset_Publisher>
<Data_Presentation_Form>Dataset</Data_Presentation_Form>
<Online_Resource>https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.990321</Online_Resource>
</Data_Set_Citation>
<Personnel>
<Role>Investigator</Role>
<First_Name>David Neville</First_Name>
<Last_Name>Thomas</Last_Name>
<Email>david.thomas@helsinki.fi</Email>
</Personnel>
<Discipline>
<Discipline_Name>Earth Science</Discipline_Name>
</Discipline>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Event label</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>DATE/TIME</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>LATITUDE</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>LONGITUDE</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Sample ID</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>DEPTH, ice/snow</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Temperature, brine</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Salinity</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Phosphate</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Silicate</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Nitrite</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Nitrate and Nitrite</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Ammonium</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Carbon, organic, dissolved</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Nitrogen, organic, dissolved</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Chlorophyll a</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Phaeopigments</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Oxygen</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>pH</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Alkalinity, total</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Carbon, inorganic, dissolved</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>δ13C, dissolved inorganic carbon</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Carbon, organic, particulate</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Nitrogen, organic, particulate</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>δ13C, particulate organic carbon</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>δ15N, particulate organic nitrogen</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>δ18O, ice</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
<Keyword>ANT-XXII/2</Keyword>
<Keyword>ANT-XXII/2_drift-04</Keyword>
<Keyword>ANT-XXII/2_drift-05</Keyword>
<Keyword>ANT-XXII/2_drift-08</Keyword>
<Keyword>ANT-XXII/2_drift-11</Keyword>
<Keyword>ANT-XXII/2_drift-17</Keyword>
<Keyword>ANT-XXII/2_drift-20</Keyword>
<Keyword>ANT-XXII/2_drift-26</Keyword>
<Keyword>ANT-XXII/2_drift-32</Keyword>
<Keyword>biogeochemical data</Keyword>
<Keyword>brine</Keyword>
<Keyword>Ice station</Keyword>
<Keyword>Sea ice</Keyword>
<Keyword>Weddell Sea</Keyword>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Thermometer, HANNA Instruments, HI93530 [calibrated K-Thermocouple probe]</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Conductivity meter, SEMAT, Cond 315i/SET; measured with conductivity probe, WTW, TetraCon 325</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Flow injection analyzer, Lachat Instruments, QuikChem 8000</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Fluorescence spectrophotometer, Hitachi, F-2000</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>TOC analyzer, MQ 1001</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Flow injection analyser, Lachat Instruments</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Fluorometer, Turner Design, TD-700</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Winkler titration with photometric end-point detection</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>pH meter (Metrohm electrodes)</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Potentiometric titration</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Vacuum line manometer, Chell instruments</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Isotope ratio mass spectrometer, PDZ Europa Ltd., 20-20</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>CN analyzer, Europa Scientific</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Mass spectrometer, VG SIRA II and Mass spectrometer, PDZ Europa Ltd.</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Mass spectrometer, VG SIRA II</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Source_Name>
<Long_Name>Polarstern</Long_Name>
</Source_Name>
<Temporal_Coverage>
<Start_Date>2004-12-01</Start_Date>
<Stop_Date>2004-12-29</Stop_Date>
</Temporal_Coverage>
<Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
<Spatial_Coverage>
<Southernmost_Latitude>-68.18554</Southernmost_Latitude>
<Northernmost_Latitude>-67.56463</Northernmost_Latitude>
<Westernmost_Longitude>-55.58470999999997</Westernmost_Longitude>
<Easternmost_Longitude>-54.89028000000002</Easternmost_Longitude>
<Minimum_Depth>0.2 m (DEPTH, ice/snow)</Minimum_Depth>
<Maximum_Depth>0.93 m (DEPTH, ice/snow)</Maximum_Depth>
</Spatial_Coverage>
<Access_Constraints>unrestricted</Access_Constraints>
<Use_Constraints>CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</Use_Constraints>
<Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
<Data_Center>
<Data_Center_Name>
<Short_Name>PANGAEA</Short_Name>
<Long_Name>Data Publisher for Earth &amp; Environmental Science</Long_Name>
</Data_Center_Name>
<Data_Center_URL>https://www.pangaea.de/</Data_Center_URL>
<Personnel>
<Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
<First_Name>Michael</First_Name>
<Last_Name>Diepenbroek</Last_Name>
<Email>info@pangaea.de</Email>
<Contact_Address>
<Address>Leobener Str.</Address>
<City>Bremen</City>
<Province_or_State>Bremen</Province_or_State>
<Postal_Code>28359</Postal_Code>
<Country>Germany</Country>
</Contact_Address>
</Personnel>
</Data_Center>
<Distribution>
<Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
<Distribution_Size>755 data points</Distribution_Size>
<Distribution_Format>text/tab-separated-values</Distribution_Format>
</Distribution>
<Reference>El Naggar, Saad El Dine; Dieckmann, Gerhard S; Haas, Christian; Schröder, Michael; Spindler, Michael (2007): The Expeditions ANTARKTIS-XXII/1 and XXII/2 of the Research Vessel Polarstern in 2004/2005. Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung = Reports on Polar and Marine Research, 551, 259 pp, https://doi.org/10.2312/BzPM_0551_2007</Reference>
<Reference>Papadimitriou, Stathys; Kennedy, Hilary; Krell, Andreas (2007): Biogeochemical composition of natural sea ice brines from the Weddell Sea during early austral summer. Limnology and Oceanography, 52(5), 1809-1823, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2007.52.5.1809</Reference>
<Reference>Underwood, Graham J C; Aslam, Shazia N; Michel, Christine; Niemi, Andrea; Norman, Louiza; Meiners, Klaus M; Laybourn-Parry, Johanna; Paterson, Harriet; Thomas, David Neville (2013): Broad-scale predictability of carbohydrates and exopolymers in Antarctic and Arctic sea ice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(39), 15734-15739, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1302870110</Reference>
<Summary>During the ISPOL expedition of RV Polarstern in 2004/05 sea ice brine samples (from sackhole sampling) were routinely taken. Subsequent analyses included pH, temperature, salinity, dissolved inorganic and organic (DOC &amp; DON) nutrients (nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, silicate), dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, 13C of DIC, chlorophyll, Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen. ** For all details see the full metadata description at "https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.990321"!</Summary>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_6709</URL>
<Description>LATITUDE</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_6709</URL>
<Description>LONGITUDE</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601</URL>
<Description>DATE/TIME</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1302870110</URL>
<Description>Broad-scale predictability of carbohydrates and exopolymers in Antarctic and Arctic sea ice</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163</URL>
<Description>Polarstern</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.2312/BzPM_0551_2007</URL>
<Description>The Expeditions ANTARKTIS-XXII/1 and XXII/2 of the Research Vessel Polarstern in 2004/2005</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2007.52.5.1809</URL>
<Description>Biogeochemical composition of natural sea ice brines from the Weddell Sea during early austral summer</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.32187.d001</URL>
<Description>Chlorophyll a</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
<Metadata_Version>9.4</Metadata_Version>
<DIF_Creation_Date>2026-02-18</DIF_Creation_Date>
<Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2026-07-30</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
