/* DATA DESCRIPTION:
Citation:	Pavlyukevich, Ekaterina; Popovnin, Viсtor; Gubanov, Afanasy; Ivanov, Viсtor; Averina, Alena; Ibraev, Kirill; Voevodina, Anastasia; Durmanov, Ivan; Khomiakova, Victoria; Chizhova, Julia N; Kozachek, Anna V; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Zheleznova, Irina (2026): Hydrological, meteorological and glaciological observations and isotopes sampling results during 2021-2024 (glaciological data from 2019-2020 included) at Djankuat Glacier Station in the North Caucasus, Russia [dataset bundled publication]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.989847
Abstract:	This is the second update of a dataset comprising long-term complex glaciological, hydrological, and meteorological observations, including isotope sampling, from the highly underreported alpine zone of the North Caucasus, described in Rets et al., 2019 (https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1463-2019). The data were collected in the Djankuat research basin (9.1 km², elevations of 2500–4000 m, 30% glacier cover). The Djankuat glacier, located in the basin under study, is a World Meteorological Organization reference glacier with a mass-balance record exceeding 50 years. The original dataset covers 2007-2017 (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.894807), with the first update for 2019-2020 (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.940839). This second update extends the series to 2021-2024. It also includes previously unpublished data of glacier ablation, snow height, and snow density measurements in the spatially distributed net for the 2019-2020 period. A significant enhancement since 2021 is the operation of an additional year-round hydrological gauging station on the Djankuat River 1 km downstream of the main one. The dataset includes results from annual measurements of snow thickness and density; snow and ice melt dynamics; water runoff, conductivity, turbidity, temperature, δ¹⁸O, and δ²H at gauging stations; isotopic sampling of precipitation, snow, ice, firn, and groundwater; and high-resolution meteorological data (precipitation, air temperature, humidity, radiation, pressure, wind). The observations were primarily conducted during the summer ablation seasons (June-October), with gradient and eddy covariance measurements for turbulent flux estimation. This dataset is invaluable for developing and validating hydrological, glaciological, and meteorological models, assessing climate change impacts on mountain hydrology, and applying isotopic methods in high-altitude research. The dataset will be periodically updated.
	The research was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 25-77-10049 (in part of hydrological observations), grant no. 22-17-00133 (in part of glaciological observations), and was carried out under the Governmental Order to Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, subject no. FMWZ-2025-0003 (in part of meteorological observations).
Keyword(s):	alpine catchment; catchment hydrology; Caucasus; Conductivity; Discharge; Djankuat; Glacial climate; Glacier Catchment; high-altitude; hydrological data; isotope composition; isotope data; Meteorological datasets; mountain catchment; mountain station; North Caucasus; precipitation; research catchment; Russia
Related to:	Rets, Ekaterina P; Popovnin, Viktor V; Toropov, Pavel A; Smirnov, Andrew M; Tokarev, Igor V; Chizhova, Julia N; Budantseva, Nadine A; Vasil'chuk, Yurij K; Kireeva, Maria B; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Veres, Arina N; Aleynikov, Alexander A; Frolova, Natalia L; Tsyplenkov, Anatolii S; Poliukhov, Aleksei A; Chalov, Sergey R; Aleshina, Maria A; Kornilova, Ekaterina D (2019): Djankuat glacier station in the North Caucasus, Russia: a database of glaciological, hydrological, and meteorological observations and stable isotope sampling results during 2007–2017. Earth System Science Data, 11(3), 1463-1481, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1463-2019
	Rets, Ekaterina P; Popovnin, Viktor V; Toropov, Pavel A; Smirnov, Andrew M; Tokarev, Igor V; Chizhova, Julia N; Budantseva, Nadine A; Vasil'chuk, Yurij K; Kireeva, Maria B; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Veres, Arina N; Aleynikov, Alexander A; Frolova, Natalia L; Tsyplenkov, Anatolii S; Poliukhov, Alexey; Chalov, Sergey R; Aleshina, Maria A; Kornilova, Ekaterina D (2018): Glaciological, hydrological, meteorological observations and isotopes sampling results during 2007-2017 at Djankuat Glacier Station in the North Caucasus, Russia [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.894807
	Rets, Ekaterina P; Popovnin, Viktor V; Toropov, Pavel A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Kornilova, Ekaterina D; Durmanov, Ivan; Zheleznova, Irina; Aleshina, Maria A; Poliukhov, Alexey; Gubanov, Afanasy; Kireeva, Maria B; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Kozachek, Anna V; Veres, Arina N; Khomiakova, Victoria; Yarinich, Yulia (2022): Hydrological, meteorological observations and isotopes sampling results during 2019-2020 at Djankuat Glacier Station in the North Caucasus, Russia [dataset bundled publication]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.940839
Funding:	Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), grant/award no. FMWZ-2025-0003: Governmental Order to Water Problems Institute
	Russian Science Foundation, grant/award no. 22-17-00133: Progressive escalation of the reduction of ice and water resources in the Caucasus: reality or myth? (URI: https://rscf.ru/en/project/22-17-00133/)
	Russian Science Foundation, grant/award no. 25-77-10049: Outburst hazard assessment of mountain glacial lakes of the Central Caucasus under climate change using modelling and machine learning methods
Coverage:	MEDIAN LATITUDE: 42.991591 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 42.929082 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 42.454760 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 42.726250 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 43.212770 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 43.203780
	DATE/TIME START: 2018-08-29T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2024-10-17T00:00:00
License:	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) (URI: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Size:	9 datasets
*/
/* TABULAR SUMMARY OF DATASETS LISTED IN THIS COLLECTION: */
Filename	Citation of child dataset
Djankuat_AWS-base_2021-2024.tab	Pavlyukevich, Ekaterina; Popovnin, Viсtor; Gubanov, Afanasy; Ivanov, Viсtor; Averina, Alena; Ibraev, Kirill; Voevodina, Anastasia; Durmanov, Ivan; Khomiakova, Victoria; Chizhova, Julia N; Kozachek, Anna V; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Zheleznova, Irina (2026): Meteorological hourly measurements of automatic weather station 'base-camp' in the Djankuat research basin from 2021-2024. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.989848
Djankuat_Base_hydrology-isot_2021-2024.tab	Pavlyukevich, Ekaterina; Popovnin, Viсtor; Gubanov, Afanasy; Ivanov, Viсtor; Averina, Alena; Ibraev, Kirill; Voevodina, Anastasia; Durmanov, Ivan; Khomiakova, Victoria; Chizhova, Julia N; Kozachek, Anna V; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Zheleznova, Irina (2026): Hydrological and isotope measurements in the Djankuat research basin at the 'base-camp' gauging station from 2021-2024. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.989851
Djankuat_glac-ablation_2019-2020.tab	Pavlyukevich, Ekaterina; Popovnin, Viсtor; Gubanov, Afanasy; Ivanov, Viсtor; Averina, Alena; Ibraev, Kirill; Voevodina, Anastasia; Durmanov, Ivan; Khomiakova, Victoria; Chizhova, Julia N; Kozachek, Anna V; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Zheleznova, Irina (2026): Glacier ablation measurement in the spatially distributed net in the Djankuat research basin from 2019-2020. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.989854
Djankuat_glac-ablation_2021-2024.tab	Pavlyukevich, Ekaterina; Popovnin, Viсtor; Gubanov, Afanasy; Ivanov, Viсtor; Averina, Alena; Ibraev, Kirill; Voevodina, Anastasia; Durmanov, Ivan; Khomiakova, Victoria; Chizhova, Julia N; Kozachek, Anna V; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Zheleznova, Irina (2026): Glacier ablation measurement in the spatially distributed net in the Djankuat research basin from 2021-2024. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.989858
Djankuat_Rock_hydrology_2021-2024.tab	Pavlyukevich, Ekaterina; Popovnin, Viсtor; Gubanov, Afanasy; Ivanov, Viсtor; Averina, Alena; Ibraev, Kirill; Voevodina, Anastasia; Durmanov, Ivan; Khomiakova, Victoria; Chizhova, Julia N; Kozachek, Anna V; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Zheleznova, Irina (2026): Hydrological measurements in the Djankuat research basin at the 'rock' gauging station from 2021-2024. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.989852
Djankuat_snow-dens_2019-2020.tab	Pavlyukevich, Ekaterina; Popovnin, Viсtor; Gubanov, Afanasy; Ivanov, Viсtor; Averina, Alena; Ibraev, Kirill; Voevodina, Anastasia; Durmanov, Ivan; Khomiakova, Victoria; Chizhova, Julia N; Kozachek, Anna V; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Zheleznova, Irina (2026): Snow density measurements in the spatially distributed net in the Djankuat research basin from 2019-2020. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.989861
Djankuat_snow-dens_2021-2024.tab	Pavlyukevich, Ekaterina; Popovnin, Viсtor; Gubanov, Afanasy; Ivanov, Viсtor; Averina, Alena; Ibraev, Kirill; Voevodina, Anastasia; Durmanov, Ivan; Khomiakova, Victoria; Chizhova, Julia N; Kozachek, Anna V; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Zheleznova, Irina (2026): Snow density measurements in the spatially distributed net in the Djankuat research basin from 2021-2024. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.989862
Djankuat_snow-height_2019-2020.tab	Pavlyukevich, Ekaterina; Popovnin, Viсtor; Gubanov, Afanasy; Ivanov, Viсtor; Averina, Alena; Ibraev, Kirill; Voevodina, Anastasia; Durmanov, Ivan; Khomiakova, Victoria; Chizhova, Julia N; Kozachek, Anna V; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Zheleznova, Irina (2026): Snow height measurements in the spatially distributed net in the Djankuat research basin from 2019-2020. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.989859
Djankuat_snow-height_2021-2024.tab	Pavlyukevich, Ekaterina; Popovnin, Viсtor; Gubanov, Afanasy; Ivanov, Viсtor; Averina, Alena; Ibraev, Kirill; Voevodina, Anastasia; Durmanov, Ivan; Khomiakova, Victoria; Chizhova, Julia N; Kozachek, Anna V; Ekaykin, Alexey A; Tsyplenkov, Anatoly; Zheleznova, Irina (2026): Snow height measurements in the spatially distributed net in the Djankuat research basin from 2021-2024. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.989860
