Citation:

PANGAEA.989654

Name: Raw noble gas data from RV SONNE cruise SO301
Published: 2026-01-30
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: CTD/Rosette; Helium; hydrothermal activity; Indian Ocean; isotope; Kairei field; noble gas

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Published: 2026-01-30 • DOI registered: 2026-02-28

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Abstract:

This dataset contains raw noble gas data from water samples collected during the cruise SO301 at the Rodriguez Tripple Junction, Indian Ocean. Samples were taken either with the CTD rosette water sampling system (CTD) or with a trace-metal-free titanium rosette (TMR) from the Constructor University Bremen. As the TMR has no live data connection to the ship, sample bottles are closed by pre-progamming pressure thresholds. The decision for sampling depths was in general guided by previous CTD casts at the same location. Additional metadata was taken from the corresponding rosette system. The stations were executed in winter 2023/24 to detect possible hydrothermal plumes at the Kairei Vent Site and to assess the dispersal of hydrothermal plumes. From the isotope ratio different water masses can be distinguished. The samples were taken from Niskin bottles into gas tight copper tubes and transported to the Bremen Helium Isotope Laboratory. For the analysis, the samples were extracted with an ultra high vaccum system and transferred into a fully automated mass spectrometric system, which is composed of a two stage cryogenic chamber and a quadrupole and a sector-field mass spectrometer. The system as well as the performance is described in detail in Sültenfuß et al. (2009). The results of double samples taken for control purposes were averaged.

Keyword(s):

CTD/Rosette; Helium; hydrothermal activity; Indian Ocean; isotope; Kairei field; noble gas

Related to:

Engels, Martin; Barckhausen, Udo; Bartels, Thies; Bauer, Benedikt; Behrens, Thomas; Belleville, Morgane; Dannowski, Anke; Demir, Ümit; Deppe, Joachim; Ebert, Timo; Ehrhardt, Axel; Filbrandt, Christian; Fröhberg, Nico; Gallucci, Luigi; Gomes de Souza, Berenice; Heyde, Ingo; Jegen, Anna; Kuckuck, Jan; Ladage, Stefan; Lücke, Oscar; Lutz, Rüdiger; Mette, Jonathan; Pedre, Ignacio; Raphael Deeban Raj, Shareen; Schauer, Michael; Schnabel, Michael; Schramm, Bettina; Steinborn, Peter; Renzelmann, Henri; Wegener, Gunter (2024): Seismic Imaging at the Central Indian Ridge: Structure and Formation of Oceanic Core Complexes, Cruise No. SO301, November 22, 2023 - January 4, 2024, Port Louis - Port Louis (Mauritius). SONNE-Berichte, Begutachtungspanel Forschungsschiffe, SO301, 127 pp, https://doi.org/10.48433/cr_so301

Sültenfuß, Jürgen; Roether, Wolfgang; Rhein, Monika (2009): The Bremen mass spectrometric facility for the measurement of helium isotopes, neon, and tritium in water. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, 45(2), 83-95, https://doi.org/10.1080/10256010902871929

Funding:

Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), grant/award no. GPF22-1_046: KaBa - Ramifications of Venting at the Kairei Hydrothermal Field for Bathypelagic Microbial Processes in Consort With Carbon and Metal Cycling

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -25.326548 * Median Longitude: 70.016372 * South-bound Latitude: -25.463300 * West-bound Longitude: 69.378500 * North-bound Latitude: -25.294850 * East-bound Longitude: 70.062300

Date/Time Start: 2023-11-26T08:21:09 * Date/Time End: 2023-12-31T01:53:45

Minimum DEPTH, water: 19.091000 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 3024.810000 m

Event(s):

SO301_2-1 * Latitude: -25.463300 * Longitude: 69.378500 * Date/Time: 2023-11-26T08:20:11 * Elevation: -3001.4 m * Campaign: (SCIROCCO) * Basis: * Method/Device: (CTD-RO) * Comment: SS-CTD

SO301_5-1 * Latitude Start: -25.320417 * Longitude Start: 70.040383 * Latitude End: -25.320550 * Longitude End: 70.040400 * Date/Time Start: 2023-11-27T04:13:19 * Date/Time End: 2023-11-27T18:48:27 * Elevation Start: -2428.1 m * Elevation End: -2438.6 m * Campaign: (SCIROCCO) * Basis: * Method/Device: (CTD-RO) * Comment: SS-CTD Tow-Yo

SO301_7-1 * Latitude Start: -25.316000 * Longitude Start: 70.042700 * Latitude End: -25.324933 * Longitude End: 70.038800 * Date/Time Start: 2023-11-28T01:35:35 * Date/Time End: 2023-11-28T11:41:53 * Elevation Start: -2313.8 m * Elevation End: -2639.3 m * Campaign: (SCIROCCO) * Basis: * Method/Device: (CTD-RO) * Comment: SS-CTD Tow-Yo

Comment:

Nml/kg, mass concentration = normal milliliter per kilogram

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event		Walter, Maren
2	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Walter, Maren	CTD, Sea-Bird SBE 911plus	Geocode
3	Bottle number	Bottle	#	Walter, Maren
4	Device type	Device		Walter, Maren
5	DEPTH, water	Depth water	m	Walter, Maren	CTD, Sea-Bird SBE 911plus	Geocode – Depth from CTD pressure sensor
6	Sample mass	Samp m	g	Walter, Maren	Ultra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometry
7	Helium-4	4He	10^-5 ml/kg	Walter, Maren	Ultra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometry	Nml/kg, mass concentration of 4He isotope
8	Helium-3	3He	10^-5 ml/kg	Walter, Maren	Ultra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometry	Nml/kg, mass concentration of 3He isotope
9	Neon	Ne	10^-5 ml/kg	Walter, Maren	Ultra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometry	Nml/kg, mass concentration of total 20Ne + 22Ne isotopes
10	Helium-3/Helium-4 ratio	3He/4He	10^-4	Walter, Maren	Ultra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometry
11	Neon/Helium ratio	Ne/He		Walter, Maren	Ultra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometry
12	δ Helium-3	δ3He	‰	Walter, Maren	Ultra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometry	3He/4He isotope ratio as 100 x ([3He/4He]obs/[3He/4He]atm.- 1)
13	δ Neon-22	δ22Ne	‰	Walter, Maren	Ultra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometry	22Ne/20Ne isotope ratio as 100 x ([22Ne/20Ne]obs/[3He/4He]atm.- 1)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

960 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Date/Time	3 Bottle [#]	4 Device	5 Depth water [m]	6 Samp m [g]	7 4He [10^-5 ml/kg]	8 3He [10^-5 ml/kg]	9 Ne [10^-5 ml/kg]	10 3He/4He [10^-4]	11 Ne/He	12 δ3He [‰]	13 δ22Ne [‰]
SO301_2-1	2023-11-26T08:21:09	1	CTD	3024.810000	43.220	4.410	7.01E-06	19.320	1.59E-02	4.351	14.90	0.74656105
SO301_2-1	2023-11-26T08:28:59	3	CTD	2749.219000	43.370	4.360	6.97E-06	19.170	1.60E-02	4.402	15.50	1.18711720
SO301_2-1	2023-11-26T08:34:31	4	CTD	2499.359000	43.510	4.310	6.96E-06	19.020	1.62E-02	4.445	16.80	0.86888984
SO301_2-1	2023-11-26T08:40:01	6	CTD	2250.114000	43.120	4.380	6.97E-06	19.400	1.59E-02	4.447	15.00	0.84573049
SO301_2-1	2023-11-26T09:37:01	10	CTD	1999.542000	43.450	4.230	6.64E-06	18.580	1.57E-02	4.384	13.60	1.24353680
SO301_2-1	2023-11-26T09:42:44	12	CTD	1748.232000	43.620	4.230	6.61E-06	18.650	1.56E-02	4.414	12.90	1.34343710
SO301_2-1	2023-11-26T09:54:23	15	CTD	1249.553000	43.440	4.130	6.19E-06	17.650	1.50E-02	4.384	8.30	1.19024490
SO301_2-1	2023-11-26T10:01:00	16	CTD	994.178000	43.700	4.110	5.90E-06	18.060	1.43E-02	4.380	3.60	0.90717416
SO301_2-1	2023-11-26T10:35:31	24	CTD	19.091000	43.420	3.900	5.28E-06	15.440	1.36E-02	3.946	-2.10	0.67629064
SO301_5-1	2023-11-27T09:34:50	3	CTD	2389.065000	43.030	4.660	1.12E-05	18.530	2.40E-02	3.967	73.70	1.42894570
SO301_5-1	2023-11-27T10:24:10	6	CTD	2408.032000	43.670	4.390	7.94E-06	18.430	1.81E-02	4.188	30.70	1.15718600
SO301_5-1	2023-11-27T18:49:38	7	CTD	2418.331000	43.520	4.280	6.99E-06	18.290	1.64E-02	4.253	18.10	1.26263230
SO301_5-1	2023-11-27T19:03:43	12	CTD	2209.892000	43.550	4.250	7.01E-06	18.255	1.65E-02	4.274	19.15	0.93194987
SO301_5-1	2023-11-27T19:13:03	18	CTD	2000.501000	43.730	4.230	6.75E-06	18.050	1.60E-02	4.308	15.30	1.37931580
SO301_7-1	2023-11-28T04:51:30	1	CTD	2151.780000	43.730	4.360	8.00E-06	17.950	1.83E-02	4.202	32.50	1.19288900
SO301_7-1	2023-11-28T07:16:32	8	CTD	2228.407000	43.760	4.270	7.11E-06	18.380	1.67E-02	4.252	20.40	1.27144790
SO301_7-1	2023-11-28T13:51:58	17	CTD	2312.673000	41.980	4.300	7.02E-06	18.330	1.63E-02	4.252	17.90	0.73613017
SO301_9-1	2023-11-28T21:32:46	1	CTD	2243.350000	43.660	4.340	7.52E-06	18.300	1.74E-02	4.242	25.30	0.80755485
SO301_9-1	2023-11-28T21:37:26	4	CTD	2141.900000	43.810	4.260	6.78E-06	18.350	1.59E-02	4.323	15.10	1.23814710
SO301_9-1	2023-11-28T21:55:50	7	CTD	2337.992000	43.400	4.310	7.13E-06	18.390	1.65E-02	4.276	19.50	1.13825940
SO301_9-1	2023-11-28T22:23:49	10	CTD	2364.957000	43.730	4.270	7.07E-06	18.270	1.66E-02	4.275	19.60	1.23968210
SO301_9-1	2023-11-28T23:05:04	13	CTD	2244.264000	43.310	4.210	6.92E-06	18.160	1.64E-02	4.297	18.70	1.10661540
SO301_9-1	2023-11-29T00:06:01	16	CTD	2233.541000	43.830	4.270	6.97E-06	18.330	1.63E-02	4.273	17.80	1.03359970
SO301_10-1	2023-11-29T09:04:38	1	CTD	2199.250000	43.280	4.220	6.93E-06	18.080	1.65E-02	4.282	18.80	1.15174990
SO301_10-1	2023-11-29T10:33:50	2	CTD	2231.974000	43.320	4.290	7.57E-06	18.130	1.77E-02	4.209	27.60	1.03348740
SO301_10-1	2023-11-29T10:50:56	6	CTD	2407.398000	43.450	4.430	8.76E-06	18.340	1.98E-02	4.115	42.80	1.06106280
SO301_10-1	2023-11-29T10:52:42	9	CTD	2438.041000	43.130	4.310	7.07E-06	18.410	1.64E-02	4.255	18.60	1.06973580
SO301_10-1	2023-11-29T12:06:52	12	CTD	2263.759000	43.640	4.300	7.13E-06	18.310	1.66E-02	4.243	19.80	1.20967080
SO301_15-1	2023-12-02T17:21:08	2	CTD	2293.732000	43.440	4.340	7.66E-06	18.600	1.77E-02	4.260	27.60	1.15876270
SO301_15-1	2023-12-02T17:25:01	5	CTD	2125.445000	43.280	4.210	6.71E-06	18.480	1.59E-02	4.339	15.10	0.92079338
SO301_15-1	2023-12-02T17:43:02	7	CTD	2226.536000	43.500	4.300	7.22E-06	18.640	1.68E-02	4.305	21.40	1.17334240
SO301_15-1	2023-12-02T23:58:45	12	CTD	2261.613000	43.610	4.300	6.96E-06	18.130	1.62E-02	4.275	16.90	0.83327962
SO301_17-1	2023-12-03T09:14:46	1	CTD	2197.986000	43.640	4.485	8.25E-06	18.655	1.84E-02	4.163	32.85	1.19482230
SO301_17-1	2023-12-03T10:15:30	6	CTD	2196.306000	43.420	4.360	7.53E-06	18.730	1.73E-02	4.220	24.90	1.31635580
SO301_17-1	2023-12-03T10:43:53	7	CTD	2195.396000	43.390	4.280	7.38E-06	18.240	1.72E-02	4.233	24.50	1.20919630
SO301_17-1	2023-12-03T13:34:45	10	CTD	2254.587000	43.180	4.340	7.20E-06	18.480	1.66E-02	4.239	19.70	0.88851144
SO301_17-1	2023-12-03T15:55:29	11	CTD	2209.505000	43.680	4.360	7.09E-06	18.720	1.63E-02	4.285	17.60	0.70643200
SO301_17-1	2023-12-03T16:19:46	16	CTD	2296.202000	43.190	4.250	6.98E-06	18.300	1.64E-02	4.226	18.70	1.27568350
SO301_17-1	2023-12-03T16:39:13	23	CTD	2222.253000	40.870	4.500	7.26E-06	19.600	1.62E-02	4.262	16.70	1.14950800
SO301_20-1	2023-12-18T16:15:29	1	CTD	2323.016000	43.470	4.370	7.17E-06	19.530	1.64E-02	4.434	18.50	1.46155720
SO301_20-1	2023-12-18T17:23:18	5	CTD	2249.273000	43.450	4.280	7.29E-06	19.090	1.71E-02	4.414	23.20	1.00022020
SO301_20-1	2023-12-18T17:39:33	11	CTD	2290.812000	43.490	4.290	7.13E-06	19.070	1.66E-02	4.437	20.20	0.78591810
SO301_20-1	2023-12-18T18:08:45	12	CTD	2266.335000	42.900	4.280	7.05E-06	18.450	1.65E-02	4.403	19.00	1.15964130
SO301_20-1	2023-12-18T18:40:26	13	CTD	2257.243000	43.220	4.260	6.97E-06	18.770	1.64E-02	4.382	18.20	0.83335302
SO301_20-1	2023-12-18T19:07:15	14	CTD	2212.819000	43.470	4.250	6.87E-06	18.680	1.62E-02	4.394	16.80	0.56805903
SO301_20-1	2023-12-18T19:34:43	19	CTD	2216.993000	43.160	4.340	8.09E-06	18.630	1.87E-02	4.224	34.80	1.32626970
SO301_20-1	2023-12-18T20:01:21	22	CTD	2210.729000	42.960	4.450	9.12E-06	18.640	2.05E-02	4.130	48.20	1.64884330
SO301_20-1	2023-12-18T20:56:38	24	CTD	2211.174000	43.220	4.260	7.22E-06	17.820	1.69E-02	4.198	22.30	1.19619370
SO301_22-1	2023-12-19T08:22:35	1	CTD	2341.699000	43.360	4.290	7.21E-06	18.500	1.68E-02	4.250	21.40	1.11656410
SO301_22-1	2023-12-19T08:25:35	4	CTD	2292.144000	43.370	4.230	7.01E-06	18.210	1.66E-02	4.271	19.70	0.83352377
SO301_22-1	2023-12-19T08:30:05	8	CTD	2191.636000	43.130	4.240	6.93E-06	18.230	1.63E-02	4.286	18.00	0.70227015
SO301_22-1	2023-12-19T09:20:18	10	CTD	2167.085000	38.140	4.770	7.80E-06	20.600	1.64E-02	4.279	18.10	0.97368913
SO301_22-1	2023-12-19T09:49:51	11	CTD	2168.466000	43.370	4.310	7.13E-06	18.500	1.65E-02	4.235	19.40	1.31727060
SO301_22-1	2023-12-19T10:20:33	12	CTD	2286.951000	43.130	4.240	7.04E-06	18.010	1.66E-02	4.254	20.10	1.27290130
SO301_22-1	2023-12-19T10:29:27	19	CTD	2072.067000	43.320	4.270	6.85E-06	18.300	1.60E-02	4.292	15.80	0.90313169
SO301_22-1	2023-12-19T12:41:58	22	CTD	2213.365000	43.065	4.255	7.13E-06	18.075	1.68E-02	4.269	21.00	1.30388010
SO301_22-1	2023-12-19T13:17:15	23	CTD	2200.369000	42.950	4.240	7.12E-06	18.170	1.68E-02	4.250	21.40	0.91808887
SO301_22-1	2023-12-19T13:51:54	24	CTD	2186.785000	43.190	4.220	6.91E-06	18.120	1.64E-02	4.262	18.20	1.25953410
SO301_24-1	2023-12-19T20:55:17	1	CTD	2193.094000	43.200	4.320	7.30E-06	18.490	1.69E-02	4.214	22.20	1.29630920
SO301_24-1	2023-12-19T21:16:10	3	CTD	2184.650000	43.450	4.320	7.19E-06	18.400	1.67E-02	4.274	20.40	0.62844448
SO301_24-1	2023-12-19T21:37:53	5	CTD	2169.077000	43.540	4.400	8.08E-06	18.570	1.84E-02	4.165	32.60	1.33354230
SO301_24-1	2023-12-19T21:58:52	7	CTD	2185.021000	43.540	4.370	7.68E-06	18.200	1.76E-02	4.237	26.90	1.48153560
SO301_24-1	2023-12-19T22:41:06	9	CTD	2192.567000	43.470	4.270	7.06E-06	17.790	1.65E-02	4.255	19.50	1.21587710
SO301_24-1	2023-12-19T23:14:05	13	CTD	2190.098000	43.670	4.340	7.43E-06	18.420	1.71E-02	4.235	23.70	0.86335109
SO301_24-1	2023-12-20T00:54:42	19	CTD	2199.001000	43.870	4.340	7.39E-06	18.370	1.70E-02	4.273	23.10	1.63959710
SO301_28-1	2023-12-22T09:39:26	3	CTD	2424.369000	43.460	8.440	5.07E-05	19.670	6.00E-02	2.374	333.50	3.34446720
SO301_28-1	2023-12-22T15:34:51	11	CTD	2392.448000	43.480	4.830	1.31E-05	18.490	2.71E-02	3.668	95.60	2.10782620
SO301_28-1	2023-12-22T15:37:43	14	CTD	2277.064000	43.630	4.330	7.22E-06	18.410	1.67E-02	4.283	20.50	0.86666692
SO301_28-1	2023-12-22T19:35:39	18	CTD	2428.737000	43.600	9.095	5.85E-05	18.675	6.43E-02	2.057	364.85	4.50367525
SO301_29-1	2023-12-23T03:28:24	4	TMR	2200.953009	43.570	4.280	6.78E-06	18.190	1.58E-02	4.307	14.50	0.96924876
SO301_29-1	2023-12-23T03:29:56	6	TMR	2225.530871	43.360	4.310	7.18E-06	18.740	1.67E-02	4.317	20.40	1.48228710
SO301_29-1	2023-12-23T03:34:26	8	TMR	2300.230305	43.430	4.320	7.06E-06	18.470	1.64E-02	4.304	18.10	1.07248800
SO301_40-1	2023-12-30T00:20:34	1	CTD	2264.169000	43.240	4.240	7.09E-06	18.300	1.67E-02	4.248	20.90	0.98800107
SO301_40-1	2023-12-30T00:43:27	5	CTD	2257.847000	43.180	4.220	6.99E-06	18.380	1.66E-02	4.347	19.60	1.08623490
SO301_40-1	2023-12-30T00:54:29	9	CTD	2278.066000	43.190	4.250	7.02E-06	18.290	1.65E-02	4.319	19.50	1.28457740
SO301_40-1	2023-12-30T01:14:12	14	CTD	2269.651000	43.190	4.240	6.93E-06	18.200	1.64E-02	4.369	18.10	1.14660840
SO301_41-1	2023-12-30T09:31:26	5	TMR	2300.230305	43.630	4.330	6.94E-06	18.510	1.61E-02	4.307	15.90	1.39368640
SO301_41-1	2023-12-30T09:34:19	7	TMR	2249.122972	43.490	4.280	6.88E-06	18.540	1.61E-02	4.321	16.10	1.69117410
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:07:44	1	CTD	2453.513000	43.430	4.240	6.96E-06	18.160	1.64E-02	4.266	18.80	1.59846800
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:13:05	2	CTD	2297.797000	43.500	4.230	6.88E-06	17.590	1.63E-02	4.220	17.60	1.62415070
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:16:09	3	CTD	2149.613000	43.710	4.220	6.65E-06	18.160	1.58E-02	4.268	13.80	1.13581120
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:19:09	4	CTD	1997.567000	43.650	4.260	6.71E-06	18.280	1.57E-02	4.325	13.70	1.33764670
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:22:02	5	CTD	1850.737000	43.680	4.230	6.57E-06	17.930	1.55E-02	4.339	12.30	1.24960880
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:25:06	6	CTD	1699.963000	43.470	4.160	6.39E-06	17.770	1.54E-02	4.215	11.00	1.57703520
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:27:48	7	CTD	1550.128000	43.200	4.180	6.42E-06	17.870	1.54E-02	4.298	11.00	1.59616500
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:30:41	8	CTD	1398.569000	43.300	4.180	6.40E-06	17.910	1.53E-02	4.300	10.50	0.75567820
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:33:50	10	CTD	1249.313000	43.390	4.120	6.19E-06	17.610	1.50E-02	4.313	8.60	1.23587630
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:36:42	11	CTD	1097.441000	43.690	4.130	6.07E-06	17.760	1.47E-02	4.291	6.20	1.22551450
SO301_42-1	2023-12-30T15:39:52	12	CTD	949.430000	43.620	4.060	5.83E-06	17.400	1.44E-02	4.300	3.70	1.53947760
SO301_43-1	2023-12-30T21:31:34	1	CTD	2224.973000	43.570	4.310	7.08E-06	18.260	1.64E-02	4.299	18.60	1.57014610
SO301_43-1	2023-12-30T22:11:20	2	CTD	2212.375000	43.330	4.330	7.16E-06	18.370	1.65E-02	4.263	19.40	1.45900770
SO301_43-1	2023-12-30T22:48:54	3	CTD	2389.258000	43.560	4.480	8.76E-06	18.460	1.96E-02	4.101	41.40	1.29222380
SO301_43-1	2023-12-30T23:55:54	5	CTD	2205.108000	43.680	4.310	6.96E-06	18.360	1.61E-02	4.301	16.60	1.68255720
SO301_43-1	2023-12-31T00:31:25	6	CTD	2219.864000	43.320	4.310	7.05E-06	18.400	1.64E-02	4.271	18.20	1.05388400
SO301_43-1	2023-12-31T01:07:35	7	CTD	2219.131000	43.150	4.210	6.75E-06	18.040	1.60E-02	4.326	15.90	1.51319360
SO301_43-1	2023-12-31T01:53:45	8	CTD	2217.342000	43.310	4.270	6.83E-06	18.190	1.60E-02	4.318	15.50	1.55629920