Wharton, Jack; Kozikowska, Emilia; Keigwin, Lloyd D; Marchitto, Thomas M; Maslin, Mark; Ziegler, Martin; Thornalley, David J R (2026): Mid-to-late Holocene and LGM multiproxy temperature, stable isotope, and seawater δ18O data from the North Atlantic [dataset bundled publication]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.988210
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Published: 2026-01-21 • DOI registered: 2026-01-21
Abstract:
This dataset comprises trace-metal and clumped isotope (Δ47) measurements on multiple species of benthic foraminifera from 13 sediment cores in the Northwest Atlantic (Cape Hatteras, Blake Outer Ridge, Bermuda Rise, and Corner Rise), as well as three additional cores retrieved south of Iceland. These cores were collected during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 172 in 1997, R/V Knorr cruises 178 and 198, and R/V Charles Darwin cruise 159 in 2004 as part of the RAPiD programme. The data span two time slices: the mid-to-late Holocene (MH; 2–6 ka BP) and the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 19–23 ka BP). Derived deep-ocean temperature and carbonate ion concentration (ΔCO₃²⁻) estimates are included, along with contemporaneous seawater oxygen-isotope values calculated using trace-metal- and Δ47-derived temperatures combined with previously published stable-isotope data (Wharton et al., 2024). Collectively, these data provide insights into the vertical hydrographic structure of the North Atlantic during the MH and LGM and help trace the origin of the water masses present in the Northwest Atlantic. Trace-metal analyses were performed using a Thermo Finnigan Element2 magnetic-sector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) at the University of Colorado Boulder. Δ47 analyses were performed using a Thermo Scientific Kiel IV carbonate preparation device coupled to a Thermo Scientific MAT 253 mass spectrometer (conventional DI method) and a Thermo Scientific 253 Plus mass spectrometer using the long-integration dual-inlet (LIDI) method.
Keyword(s):
AMOC; Blake Outer Ridge; Clumped isotope thermometry; Deep ocean circulation; Deep ocean temperatures; Deep water formation; Foraminiferal geochemistry; Last Glacial Maximum; Middle Holocene; North Atlantic; North Atlantic Deep Water; Oxygen and carbon stable isotopes; Paleoceanographic proxies; Paleoceanography; Trace metals Mg/Ca
Supplement to:
Wharton, Jack; Kozikowska, Emilia; Keigwin, Lloyd D; Marchitto, Thomas M; Maslin, Mark; Ziegler, Martin; Thornalley, David J R (2026): Relatively warm deep-water formation persisted in the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-10012-2
References:
Wharton, Jack; Renoult, Martin; Gebbie, Geoffrey; Keigwin, Lloyd D; Marchitto, Thomas M; Maslin, Mark; Oppo, Delia W; Thornalley, David J R (2024): Deeper and stronger North Atlantic Gyre during the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07655-y
Funding:
Horizon Europe (HorizonEU), grant/award no. 101059547: Updating ocean models to predict rapid climate change (EPOC)
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. OCE-1304291: Holocene reconstructions of Iceland-Scotland Overflow and the Deep Western Boundary Current
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. OCE-2233080: Theoretical and Practical Development of Aragonite Li/Mg as a Deep Sea Paleotemperature Proxy
Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), grant/award no. NE/L002485/1: The London NERC Doctoral Training Partnership
Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), grant/award no. NE/S009736/1: Beyond the instrumental record: Reconstructing Atlantic overturning over the past 7000 yrs (ReconAMOC)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 42.532926 * Median Longitude: -53.720619 * South-bound Latitude: 29.975389 * West-bound Longitude: -76.290000 * North-bound Latitude: 62.975500 * East-bound Longitude: -16.501400
Date/Time Start: 1989-08-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2006-06-25T00:00:00
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Size:
4 datasets
Download Data
Datasets listed in this bundled publication
- Wharton, J; Kozikowska, E; Keigwin, LD et al. (2026): Vertical temperature and seawater δ¹⁸O profiles from the North Atlantic during the mid-Holocene (2-6 ka BP) and the Last Glacial Maximum (19-23 ka BP). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.988214
- Wharton, J; Kozikowska, E; Keigwin, LD et al. (2026): Monospecific benthic foraminiferal trace metal and δ¹⁸O data from the North Atlantic during the mid-to-late Holocene (2-6 ka BP) and the Last Glacial Maximum (19-23 ka BP). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.988193
- Wharton, J; Kozikowska, E; Keigwin, LD et al. (2026): Individual benthic foraminiferal Δ47 and δ¹⁸O data, and derived temperature estimates, from the Northwest Atlantic during the mid-to-late Holocene (2-6 ka BP) and the Last Glacial Maximum (19-23 ka BP). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.988217
- Wharton, J; Kozikowska, E; Keigwin, LD et al. (2026): Downcore benthic and planktic foraminiferal δ¹⁸O records from the North Atlantic over the past 25 ka. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.988237