Köhler Peter Peter.Koehler@awi.de https://www.awi.de/en/about-us/organisation/staff/single-view/peter-koehler-glaz.html 0000-0003-0904-8484 Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven AWI https://www.awi.de/ https://ror.org/032e6b942 Clark Peter U 0000-0003-4752-6045 Oregon State University https://ror.org/00ysfqy60 2026 Simulating atmospheric CO2 concentration for the Plio-Pleistocene using a new set of temperature and sea level reconstruction dataset https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.988155 2026-02-16T07:25:50 In contrast to previous approaches, new reconstructions of changes in global mean surface temperature (Clark et al., 2024, doi: 10.1126/science.adi1908) and global mean sea level (Clark et al., 2025, doi: 10.1126/science.adv8389) include large variability in global mean sea level throughout the Pleistocene. Here we use them to force the global carbon cycle model BICYCLE-SE in different scenarios that capture the spread in existing CO2 reconstructions. This data set contains: - important otherwise not yet available data (4.5 Ma long time series of regional SST split by latitude (65°S-30°S | 30°S-30°N | 30°N-65°N) which have been used to force the model; - resulting major changes in the simulated carbon cycle (mean ocean salinity; Atlantic meridional overturning strength; Southern Ocean vertical mixing; global sea ice area); - simulated atmospheric CO2 in 3 scenarios that differ in volcanic CO2 outgassing and weathering strength. Köhler Peter Peter.Koehler@awi.de https://www.awi.de/en/about-us/organisation/staff/single-view/peter-koehler-glaz.html 0000-0003-0904-8484 Clark Peter U 0000-0003-4752-6045 2026 Constraints on past CO2 and climate sensitivity from global temperature and sea level reconstructions across the Plio-Pleistocene journal article Geophysical Research Letters 53 https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL120608 e2025GL120608 National Science Foundation NSF https://doi.org/10.13039/100000001 OPP-2103032 Investigating Antarctic Ice Sheet-Ocean-Carbon Cycle Interactions During the Last Deglaciation https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award/?AWD_ID=2103032 145.8 CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This tgz contains a README.txt and 3 data files, whose headers explain details. The content of the three data files are: - clark2024s_regional_sst_4.5ma__withheader.dat: Used regional SST data for the last 4.5 Ma based on Clark et al. (2024) - BICYCLE-SE_all_newforcing_4.5ma_withheader.dat: Important forcing time series for the BICYCLE-SE model - BICYCLE-SE_3scenarios_atmCO24Ma_withheader.dat: Simulated atmospheric CO2 concentration using the BICYCLE-SE model for 3 different scenarios CurationLevelC Enhanced curation https://wiki.pangaea.de/wiki/Curation_levels citable Carbon cycle CO2 Model Plio-Pleistocene author23038 author35455 award4540 curlevel30 funder20211 inst32 inst412 journal6096 license21 ref136945 term47292 term47535 term49237 term494