Citation:

PANGAEA.988006

Name: NEEM ice core High Resolution (0.025 / 0.05m) Water Isotope Ratios (18O/16O, 2H/1H) covering 0.3-8 ky b2k
Published: 2025-12-18
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: cavity ring-down spectroscopy; Greenland; Holocene; Ice core; Paleoclimate; water isotopes

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Published: 2025-12-18 • DOI registered: 2025-12-18

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Abstract:

We present here a high resolution water isotope (18O/16O, 2H/1H) record from the NEEM ice core covering the period 0.3 - 8 ky b2k. The depth resolution of the record is 0.025 m for the interval 98.475 - 601.7 m and 0.05 m for the interval 601.7 - 1210.5 m. The analysis has been performed using Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy with an average precision for the whole record equal to 0.05 and 0.3 ‰ for δ18O and δD respectively. Measurements are calibrated and reported on the SMOW/SLAP scale using a 2-fixed-point calibration. Results are also reported on the GICC05 timescale

Keyword(s):

cavity ring-down spectroscopy; Greenland; Holocene; Ice core; Paleoclimate; water isotopes

References:

Andersen, Katrine K; Svensson, Anders M; Johnsen, Sigfús Jóhann; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Bigler, Matthias; Röthlisberger, Regine; Ruth, Urs; Siggaard-Andersen, Marie-Louise; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Clausen, Henrik Brink (2006): The Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005, 15-42 ka. Part 1: constructing the time scale. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(23-24), 3246-3257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.08.002

Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Albert, M R; Aldahan, Ala; Azuma, Nobuhiko; Balslev-Clausen, D; Baumgartner, M; Berggren, William A; Bigler, Matthias; Binder, Tobias; Blunier, Thomas; Bourgeois, J C; Brook, Edward J; Buchardt, Susanne L; Buizert, Christo; Capron, Emilie; Chappellaz, Jérôme A; Chung, J; Clausen, Henrik Brink; Cvijanovic, Ivana; Davies, Siwan M; Ditlevsen, P D; Eicher, U; Fischer, H; Fisher, David A; Fleet, Louise G; Gfeller, C; Gkinis, Vasileios; Gogineni, S; Goto-Azuma, Kumiko; Grinsted, Aslak; Gudlaugsdottir, H; Guillevic, Myriam; Hansen, Steffen Bo; Hansson, Margareta E; Hirabayashi, Motohiro; Hong, Sungmin; Hur, Soon Do; Huybrechts, Philippe; Hvidberg, Christine Schøtt; Iizuka, Yoshinori; Jenk, Theo M; Johnsen, Sigfús Jóhann; Jones, Tyler R; Jouzel, Jean; Karlsson, Nanna Bjørnholt; Kawamura, K; Keegan, Brendan; Kettner, E; Kipfstuhl, Sepp; Kjær, Helle Astrid; Koutnik, M; Kuramoto, Takayuki; Köhler, Peter; Laepple, Thomas; Landais, Amaëlle; Langen, P L; Larsen, L B; Leuenberger, Daiana; Leuenberger, Markus Christian; Leuschen, C; Li, Jingbo; Lipenkov, Vladimir Ya; Martinerie, Patricia; Maselli, Olivia J; Masson-Delmotte, Valerie; McConnell, Joseph R; Miller, Heinrich; Mini, O; Miyamoto, Atsushi; Montagnat-Rentier, M; Mulvaney, Robert; Muscheler, Raimund; Orsi, Anais J; Paden, John D; Panton, Carla; Pattyn, Frank; Petit, Jean Robert; Pol, Katy; Popp, Trevor; Possnert, Göran; Prié, F; Prokopiou, M; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Raynaud, Dominique; Ren, Jian; Reutenauer, C; Ritz, Catherine; Röckmann, Thomas; Rosen, Julia L; Rubino, Mauro; Rybak, Oleg; Samyn, D; Sapart, Célia-Julia; Schilt, Adrian; Schwander, Jakob; Schüpbach, Simon; Seierstad, Inger K; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P; Sheldon, Simon G; Simonsen, Sebastian B; Sjolte, Jesper; Solgaard, Anne M; Sowers, Todd A; Sperlich, Peter; Steen-Larsen, Hans Christian; Steffen, Konrad; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Steinhage, Daniel; Stocker, Thomas F; Stowasser, Christopher; Sturevik, A S; Sturges, William T; Sveinbjörnsdottir, Árný E; Svensson, Anders M; Tison, Jean-Louis; Uetake, J; Vallelonga, Paul T; van de Wal, Roderik S W; van der Wel, G; Vaughn, Bruce H; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Waddington, Edwin D; Wegner, Anna; Weikusat, Ilka; White, James W C; Wilhelms, Frank; Winstrup, Mai; Witrant, Emmanuel; Wolff, Eric William; Xiao, Cheng; Zheng, J (2013): Eemian interglacial reconstructed from a Greenland folded ice core. Nature, 493(7433), 489-494, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11789

Gkinis, Vasileios; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Popp, Trevor J; et al. (2021): A 120,000-year long climate record from a NW-Greenland deep ice core at ultra-high resolution. Scientific Data, 8, 141, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00916-9

Gkinis, Vasileios; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Popp, Trevor J; Quistgaard, Thea; Faber, Anne-Katrine; Holme, Christian T; Jensen, Camilla-Marie; Lanzky, Mika; Lütt, Anine Maria; Mandrakis, Vasileios; Ørum, Niels Ole; Pedersen, Anna-Sofie; Vaxevani, Nikoletta; Weng, Yongbiao; Capron, Emilie; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Hörhold, Maria; Jones, Tyler R; Jouzel, Jean; Landais, Amaëlle; Masson-Delmotte, Valérie; Oerter, Hans; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Steen-Larsen, Hans Christian; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Árný-Erla; Svensson, Anders M; Vaughn, Bruce H; White, James W C (2021): A 120,000-year long climate record from a NW-Greenland deep ice core at ultra-high resolution. Scientific Data, 8(1), 141, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00916-9

Govin, Aline; Capron, Emilie; Tzedakis, Polychronis C; Verheyden, S; Ghaleb, Bassam; Hillaire-Marcel, Claude; St-Onge, Guillaume; Stoner, Joseph S; Bassinot, Franck C; Bazin, Lucie; Blunier, Thomas; Combourieu-Nebout, Nathalie; El Ouahabi, A; Genty, Dominique; Gersonde, Rainer; Jimenez-Amat, Patricia; Landais, Amaëlle; Martrat, Belén; Masson-Delmotte, Valerie; Parrenin, Frédéric; Seidenkrantz, Marit-Solveig; Veres, Daniel; Waelbroeck, Claire; Zahn, Rainer (2015): Sequence of events from the onset to the demise of the Last Interglacial: Evaluating strengths and limitations of chronologies used in climatic archives. Quaternary Science Reviews, 129, 1-36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.09.018

Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Abbott, Peter M; Blunier, Thomas; Bourne, Mark; Brook, Edward J; Buchardt, Susanne L; Buizert, Christo; Chappellaz, Jérôme A; Clausen, Henrik Brink; Cook, Eliza; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Davies, Siwan M; Guillevic, Myriam; Kipfstuhl, Sepp; Laepple, Thomas; Seierstad, Inger K; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Stowasser, Christopher; Svensson, Anders M; Vallelonga, Paul T; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Wilhelms, Frank; Winstrup, Mai (2013): A first chronology for the North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (NEEM) ice core. Climate of the Past, 9(6), 2713-2730, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2713-2013

Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Andersen, Katrine K; Svensson, Anders M; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Clausen, Henrik Brink; Siggaard-Andersen, Marie-Louise; Johnsen, Sigfús Jóhann; Larsen, L B; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Bigler, Matthias; Röthlisberger, Regine; Fischer, Hubertus; Goto-Azuma, Kumiko; Hansson, Margareta E; Ruth, Urs (2006): A new Greenland ice core chronology for the last glacial termination. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 111, D06102, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006079

Ruth, Urs; Barnola, Jean-Marc; Beer, Jürg; Bigler, Matthias; Blunier, Thomas; Castellano, Emiliano; Fischer, Hubertus; Fundel, Felix; Huybrechts, Philippe; Kaufmann, Patrik R; Kipfstuhl, Sepp; Lambrecht, Anja; Morganti, Andrea; Oerter, Hans; Parrenin, Frédéric; Rybak, Oleg; Severi, Mirko; Udisti, Roberto; Wilhelms, Frank; Wolff, Eric William (2007): EDML1: a chronology for the EPICA deep ice core from Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, over the last 150 000 years. Climate of the Past, 3, 475-484, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-3-475-2007

Veres, Daniel; Bazin, Lucie; Landais, Amaëlle; Toyé Mahamadou Kele, H; Lemieux-Dudon, Bénédicte; Parrenin, Frédéric; Martinerie, Patricia; Blayo, Eric; Blunier, Thomas; Capron, Emilie; Chappellaz, Jérôme A; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Severi, Mirko; Svensson, Anders M; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Wolff, Eric William (2013): The Antarctic ice core chronology (AICC2012): an optimized multi-parameter and multi-site dating approach for the last 120 thousand years. Climate of the Past, 9(4), 1733-1748, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1733-2013

Coverage:

Latitude: 77.450000 * Longitude: -51.060000

Date/Time Start: 2009-05-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2009-08-20T00:00:00

Minimum DEPTH, ice/snow: 98.475 m * Maximum DEPTH, ice/snow: 1210.500 m

Event(s):

NEEM * Latitude: 77.450000 * Longitude: -51.060000 * Date/Time Start: 2009-05-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2009-08-20T00:00:00 * Elevation: 2545.0 m * Recovery: 2533.21 m * Location: Greenland * Method/Device: Ice drill (ICEDRILL)

Comment:

NEEM ice core stable water isotope record in the interval 98.475 m (342.9 years b2k) - 1210.5 m (8000 years b2k). The record is measured on discrete samples with a depth resolution of 0.025 m for the interval 98.475 - 601.7 m and 0.05 m for the interval 601.7 - 1210.5 m. Analysis was performed using Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy and reported in permile on the SMOW-SLAP scale using a two-fixed-point calibration. Columns 1-sigma_of_run_d18 and 1-sigma_of_run_dD contain the precision of each individual analysis run the data-point belongs to. Columns accuracy_check_offset_d18 and accuracy_check_offset_dD contain the accuracy check metrics of each analysis run.

**All depth, age and isotope values refer to the bottom of each interval**

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The GICC05, GICC05modelext and AICC12 timescales for the NEEM ice core in 2.5/5cm resolution

1) The GICC05 time scale has been transferred to NEEM depths in the following ways:

1a) NEEM depths have been transferred to NGRIP1 by linear interpolation between match points and tephras, and from these, GICC05 ages were obtained using the NGRIP1 (depth, age) relationship for the section from 19.85m to 1335.85m NEEM depths (see Rasmussen et al. 2013 for matching details).

1b) NEEM depths have been transferred to NGRIP2 by linear interpolation between match points and tephras, and from these, GICC05 ages were obtained using the NGRIP2 (depth, age) relationship for the section from 1335.90m to 1955.90m NEEM depths (see Rasmussen et al. 2013 for matching details).

Note that for GICC05 the value "MCE" is the Maximum Counting Error of the time scale. See Rasmussen et al. 2006 for a full description. In a standard deviation context, the maximum counting error should be regarded as 2 sigma as discussed in Andersen et al., 2006.

All ages are given in kiloyears b2k (years before A.D. 2000).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	DEPTH, ice/snow	Depth ice/snow	m	Gkinis, Vasileios		Geocode
2	Age	Age	ka b2k	Gkinis, Vasileios		GICC05
3	Maximum Counting Error	MCE	a	Gkinis, Vasileios		GICC05
4	δ18O, water	δ18O H2O	‰ SMOW	Gkinis, Vasileios	Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer (CRDS)
5	δ Deuterium, water	δD H2O	‰ SMOW	Gkinis, Vasileios	Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer (CRDS)
6	δ18O, water, standard deviation	δ18O H2O std dev	±	Gkinis, Vasileios	Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer (CRDS)	1 sigma
7	δ Deuterium, water, standard deviation	δD H2O std dev	±	Gkinis, Vasileios	Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer (CRDS)	1 sigma
8	Offset	Offset	‰ SMOW	Gkinis, Vasileios		of δ18O accuracy check
9	Offset	Offset	‰ SMOW	Gkinis, Vasileios		of δD accuracy check

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) (License comes into effect after moratorium ends)

Size:

258360 data points

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