Citation:

PANGAEA.987653

Name: Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 389-M0099C
Published: 2025-11-25
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: central Pacific; Coral Reef; Earth climate feedbacks; Earth history tipping points; Expedition 389; Hawaiian Drowned Reefs; Hawaiian geology; International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP); MMA Valour; Paleoclimate; sea level; volcanic

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Published: 2025-11-25 • DOI registered: 2025-12-24

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Abstract:

Description of lithologic section units from the above given hole of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 389 (Hawaiian Drowned Reefs). The content of this dataset is based on the visual core descriptions (VCD) done by sedimentologists during the onshore phase of expedition 389 (2025-02-06 to 2025-02-26 at the Bremen Core Repository (BCR) hosted at MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen). For digitalization of the information, content of the hand-drawn VCD sheets was transferred into the mobile Drilling Information System (mDIS) database. The present dataset forms the basis for the digital lithologic columns and composite plots archived under the titles Visual core description of IODP Hole 389-M00###.

For further methodological information see methods chapter in Webster, J.M. et al., 2025 https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.2025

Keyword(s):

central Pacific; Coral Reef; Earth climate feedbacks; Earth history tipping points; Expedition 389; Hawaiian Drowned Reefs; Hawaiian geology; International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP); MMA Valour; Paleoclimate; sea level; volcanic

Related to:

Webster, Jody M; Ravelo, Ana Christina; Grant, Hannah; Stewart, Margaret S; Rydzy, Marisa; Le Ber, Erwan; Allison, Nicola; Asami, Ryuji; Boston, Brian; Braga, Juan-Carlos; Brenner, Logan; Chen, Xuefei; Chutcharavan, Peter; Dutton, Andrea; Felis, Thomas; Fukuyo, Naoto; Gischler, Eberhard; Greve, Sahra; Hagen, Amy; Hamon, Youri; Hathorne, Ed C; Humblet, Marc; Jorry, Stephan J; Khanna, Pankaj; McGregor, Helen V; Mortlock, Richard A; Nohl, Theresa; Potts, Donald C; Prohaska, Ana; Prouty, Nancy G; Renema, Willem; Rubin, Kenna Harmony; Westphal, Hildegard; Yokoyama, Yusuke (2025): Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, International Ocean Discovery Program, 389, https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.2025

Project(s):

Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP)

Coverage:

Latitude: 19.834348 * Longitude: -156.091261

Date/Time Start: 2023-09-22T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2023-09-23T00:00:00

Minimum Elevation: -131.9 m * Maximum Elevation: -131.9 m

Event(s):

389-M0099C (KAW-02Cc) * Latitude: 19.834348 * Longitude: -156.091261 * Date/Time Start: 2023-09-22T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2023-09-23T00:00:00 * Elevation: -131.9 m * Location: Hawaii, USA * Campaign: (Hawaiian Drowned Reefs (HDR)) * Basis: * Method/Device: Benthic Portable Remotely Operated Drill (PROD5) * Comment: IGSN: IBCR0389EHQ5101. Spatial reference system (SRS): 4326. Comment: LAT water depth: 131.3m. Borehole abandoned due to technical issues.

Comment:

Data was submitted and proofread by Vera Barbara Bender, MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (University Bremen) on behalf of ECORD Science Operator Data Management (https://www.ecord.org).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event
2	Sample code/label	Sample label		DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation
3	Depth, composite top	Depth comp top	mcd		MCD Interval Top [m]
4	Depth, composite bottom	Depth comp bot	mcd		MCD Interval Bottom [m]
5	Lithologic unit/sequence	Unit		Visual description
6	Lithologic unit/sequence	Unit		Visual description	Rock Class
7	Lithology/composition/facies	Lithology		Visual description	Short description
8	Color description	Color desc		Visual description	Munsell Rock Color Chart Code
9	Minerals	Minerals		Visual description	Major Minerals
10	Core disturbance	Disturbance		Visual description
11	Grain size description	Grain size descr		Visual description
12	Bioturbation	Bioturbation		Visual description	Bioturbation Intensity
13	Bioturbation	Bioturbation		Visual description	Bioturbation Taphonomy
14	Fossils	Fossils		Visual description
15	Lithology/composition/facies	Lithology		Visual description	Main description

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

576 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Sample label (DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation)	3 Depth comp top [mcd] (MCD Interval Top [m])	4 Depth comp bot [mcd] (MCD Interval Bottom [m])	5 Unit (Visual description)	6 Unit (Rock Class, Visual description)	7 Lithology (Short description, Visual des...)	8 Color desc (Munsell Rock Color Chart Code...)	9 Minerals (Major Minerals, Visual descri...)	10 Disturbance (Visual description)	11 Grain size descr (Visual description)	12 Bioturbation (Bioturbation Intensity, Visua...)	13 Bioturbation (Bioturbation Taphonomy, Visua...)	14 Fossils (Visual description)	15 Lithology (Main description, Visual desc...)
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-1R-1,0-35	0.00	0.35	FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N9		high		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Porites-encrusting	Encrusting Porites, few CCA crusts, massive structureless microbialite
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-2R-1,0-37	1.22	1.59	FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N9		high		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Coral-encrusting;Coral-undetermined;Bivalve;Halimeda	Encrusting undetermined coral, CCA crusts, massive structureless microbialite. Segment of Halimeda
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-3R-1,0-26	2.19	2.45	FALL	Sedimentary-Carbonate	grainstone			none		none		Coralline algae;Bivalve;Gastropod;Arthropod;Echinoderm;Halimeda	Unconsolidated bioclastic sediment coarse sand to granule
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-3R-1,26-112	2.45	3.31	FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;5Y 7/2;N9		none		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Coralline algae;Porites-massive;Porites-undetermined;Vermetidae;Serp	Mainly massive Porites with thick CCA crusts with vermetids. Microbilite massive to dendritic, structureless
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-4R-1,0-43	3.23	3.66	FALL	Sedimentary-Carbonate	grainstone			none		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Mollusc;Echinoderm;Coralline algae;Coral-undetermined	Unconsolidated bioclastic sediment probably partially fallen
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-4R-1,43-81	3.66	4.04	FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	5Y 7/2;N9;10YR 8/2		none		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Poritidae-branching;Porites-submassive;Cyphastrea-encrusting;Coralline algae	Porites encrusted by CCA and massive to dendritic, structureless microbialite. Thick crusts of laminar CCA intergrown with Cyphastrea
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-5R-1,0-69	3.93	4.62	FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2;5Y 8/4	aragonite;calcite	slight		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Porites-submassive;Coralline algae;Porites-branching;Vermetidae	Coralgal microbialite boundstone - Submassive to branching porites with CCA and microbialite encrustation. Microbialites are dendritic and laminar to structureless,
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-6R-1,0-152	4.66	6.18	FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2;5Y 8/4	aragonite;calcite	slight		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Porites-submassive;Coralline algae;Porites-branching;Vermetidae;Homotrema;Porites-columnar;Gastropod;Echinoderm	Coralgal microbialite boundstone - Submassive to branching porites with CCA and microbialite encrustation. Microbialites are dendritic and laminar to structureless,
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-7R-1,0-26	6.67	6.93	FALL	Sedimentary-Carbonate	carbonate sedimentary material	N9;5Y 7/2;5Y 8/4	aragonite;calcite	high		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Porites-branching	Loose pieces of coral branches and possibly rhodolith. Heavily bored + soft sediment
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-7R-1,26-38	6.93	7.05	FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2;5Y 8/4	aragonite;calcite	none		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Porites-branching;Coral-laminar	Coral branch embedded in soft sediment
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-7R-1,38-44	7.05	7.11	DET-Consolidated	Sedimentary-Carbonate	grainstone;carbonate sedimentary material	N9;5Y 7/2;5Y 8/4	aragonite;calcite	none		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Porites-branching;Coral-laminar	consolidated biodetrital - coarse grained Rdst to Gst with gastropods, lamellibranch, coral debris, algal debris
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-8R-1,5-58	7.15	7.68	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2;5Y 8/4	aragonite;calcite	none		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Vermetidae;Echinoderm;Homotrema	Algal boundstone (with cca) - dominantly thick CCA alternating with microbialite crust. The bottom of the core has loose sediments.
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-8R-1,0-5	7.10	7.15	DET-Consolidated	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2	aragonite;calcite			none			biodetrital rudstone
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-9R-1,0-31	7.79	8.10	FRW-MicrobAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2	aragonite;calcite	high		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Coral-branching	Microbialite-algal boundstone some bioclasts with microbialite. Microbialite is dominantly structureless with several small pores.
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-11R-1,0-86	10.17	11.03	FRW-MicrobAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2	aragonite;calcite	slight		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Echinoderm;Serp;Gastropod;Vermetidae;Homotrema;Bivalve	Microbialite-algal boundstone (with crustose and fruticose coralline algae)
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-12R-1,0-101	11.40	12.41	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2	aragonite;calcite	slight		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Vermetidae;Homotrema	Algal boundstone (with crustose and fruticose coralline algae). Discoloration observed within microbialite. + worm tubes
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-14R-1,23-100	14.53	15.30	FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2;5Y 8/4	aragonite;calcite	none		none	encrustation - multilayered	Pocillopora-branching;Coralline algae;Vermetidae;Serp;Homotrema	Coralgal microbialite boundstone
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-14R-1,100-151	15.30	15.81	FRW-MicrobAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2	aragonite;calcite	none		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Echinoderm	Microbial-algal boundstone with crustose and fruticose coralline algae. Microbialites are dendritic to columnar, internally-laminar
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-14R-1,0-23	14.30	14.53	FALL	Sedimentary-Carbonate	calcareous carbonate sediment;breccia	5Y 8/4	aragonite;calcite	slight	coarse sand;very coarse sand;very fine gravel;fine gravel;medium gravel	none			Reworked, brecciated material, possibly with re-coring marks on some debris, at the top of the core This brecciated material is different from the facies defined below, for the well preserved part. Unconsolidated coarse to very coarse sand to gravel-sized sediment containing fruticose coralline algae clasts, microbialite clasts, echinoderm spines
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-14R-2,0-58	15.81	16.39	FRW-MicrobBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2		none		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Echinoderm;Homotrema;Vermetidae	Dominantly Microbialite boundstone with CCA and FCA to CCA crusts. Microbialite are columnar laminar on top 20 cm, dendritic and columnar to dendritic below
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-14R-2,90-125	16.71	17.06	FRW-MicrobBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2		none		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Echinoderm;Homotrema;Gastropod	Dominantly Microbialite boundstone. Laminar to structurelass microbialite with fragments of FCA. At 102 cm: Layer of reworked FCA branches (Homotrema) with echinoid spines and possible gastropods Below some fragments of FCA and CCA
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-13R-1,30-113	13.15	13.98	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2	aragonite;calcite	slight		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Echinoderm;Serp;Gastropod;Homotrema	Algal boundstone (with crustose and fruticose coralline algae) with microbialite. Microbialites are columnar to dendritic - internally structureless to laminated
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-10R-1,0-77	8.11	8.88	FRW-MicrobAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2	aragonite;calcite	slight		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Porites-branching;Cyphastrea-undetermined;Serp	Microbialite-algal boundstone (with crustose and fruticose coralline algae) with microbialite - part of the core is brecciated
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-14R-2,58-90	16.39	16.71	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2		none		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Vermetidae	on the top 15 cm, CCA crust with rare Echinoids spines and Vermetids Below, FCA embedded in microbialite. Some geopetal infill
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-15R-1,0-18	17.05	17.23	FALL	Sedimentary-Carbonate	carbonate sedimentary rock	10YR 8/2;N7	aragonite;calcite	high		none			reworked, brecciated material, possibly with re-coring marks on some debris, at the top of the core Possibly Coralgal boundstone with branching coral
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-15R-1,18-147	17.23	18.52	FRW-MicrobAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N7		none		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Serp;Vermetidae;Homotrema	Dominantly Microbialites, with very thick FCA and CCA. Microbialite shows different morphologies laminated, columnar to dendritic Occasional Homotrema and Vermetids At 112 cm: Big vermetid shell Serpulids are also identified.
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-15R-2,0-83	18.52	19.35	FRW-MicrobAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N7		none		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Serp;Vermetidae;Homotrema	Dominantly Microbialites, with very thick FCA and CCA. Microbialite shows different morphologies laminated, columnar to dendritic Occasional Homotrema and Vermetids
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-16R-1,0-150	19.67	21.17	FRW-MicrobAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N7		none		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Serp;Vermetidae;Homotrema	Dominantly Microbialites, with very thick FCA and CCA. Microbialite shows different morphologies laminated, columnar to dendritic Occasional Homotrema and Vermetids Some geopetal infill in borings
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-16R-2,0-43	21.17	21.60	FRW-MicrobAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N7		none		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Serp;Vermetidae;Homotrema;Coral-cup-solitary	Dominantly Microbialites, with very thick FCA and CCA. Microbialite shows different morphologies laminated, columnar Occasional Homotrema and Vermetids Solitary cup-corals on the top of core.
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-16R-2,43-60	21.60	21.77	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N7;5Y 8/4		none		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Coral-encrusting;Vermetidae	Dominantly CCA and FCA present. Occasional laminar coral and vermitids identified within the CCA.
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-17R-1,0-92	22.42	23.34	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N7;5Y 8/4		moderate		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Coralline algae;Vermetidae;Echinoderm;Pocillopora-branching;Homotrema	Thick crusts of CCA and FCA present. Fragments of coral. Vermetids and Homotrema identified within the CCA. Some microbialite, massive, structureless
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-18R-1,0-65	25.17	25.82	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N7;5Y 8/4		slight		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Coralline algae;Vermetidae;Homotrema;Cyphastrea-encrusting;Gastropod	Thick crusts of CCA and FCA present. Encrusting Cyphastrea nicely preserved. Vermetids and Homotrema identified within the CCA. Some microbialite, massive, structureless
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-19R-1,0-143	25.89	27.32	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N7;5Y 8/4		slight		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Coralline algae;Vermetidae;Homotrema;Cyphastrea-encrusting;Pocilloporidae-undetermined	Very thick crusts of CCA and FCA present. Encrusting Cyphastrea intergrown and branching Pocilloporidae. Vermetids and Homotrema identified within the CCA. Some microbialite, massive to dendritic, structureless
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-19R-1,143-150	27.32	27.39	FRW-CorAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	5Y 7/2;10YR 8/2;N9		high		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Porites-branching;Coralline algae	Fragments of branching Porites with thin CCA crusts
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-20R-1,0-32	27.92	28.24	FRW-CorAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	5Y 7/2;10YR 8/2;N9		high		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Porites-branching;Coralline algae;Sabellaridae;Porites-undetermined	Fragments of undetermined and branching Porites with thin CCA crusts. Some bioclastic sediments
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-21R-1,0-18	28.46	28.64	FRW-CorAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	5Y 7/2;10YR 8/2;N9		high		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Porites-branching;Coralline algae;Porites-undetermined	Fragments of undetermined and branching Porites with thin CCA crusts. Some bioclastic sediments
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-21R-1,18-78	28.64	29.24	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;5Y 8/4		high		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Coralline algae;Homotrema	Thick CCA crusts with Homotrema. Some microbialite crust, massive, structureless. Bioclastic sediment difficult to separate from core disturbance
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-22R-1,0-61	30.49	31.10	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;5Y 8/4		high		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Coralline algae;Homotrema;Porites-undetermined;Agariciidae-undetermined;Coral-undetermined;Vermetidae	Thick CCA crusts with Homotrema and vermetids. Some microbialite crust, massive, structureless. Bioclastic sediment difficult to separate from core disturbance
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-23R-1,0-67	32.17	32.84	FRW-AlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;5Y 8/4		high		none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Coralline algae;Homotrema;Gastropod	Thick fruticose and CCA crusts with Homotrema. Some microbialite crust, massive to dendritic, structureless. Bioclastic sediment difficult to separate from core disturbance
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-23R-1,67-83	32.84	33.00	FRW-CorAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	5Y 8/4;10YR 8/2;N9		high		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Porites-undetermined;Porites-laminar;Coralline algae	Fragments of coral with thin CCA crusts and bioclastic sediment
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-24R-1,0-41	34.08	34.49	FRW-CorAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	5Y 8/4;10YR 8/2;N9		high		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Porites-branching	Fragments of coral with thin CCA crusts. Few microbialite crusts, massive and structureless. Bioclastic sediment and core disturbance
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-25R-1,0-87	34.79	35.66	FRW-CorAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	5Y 8/4;10YR 8/2;N9		high		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Porites-branching;Homotrema;Bivalve	Fragments of branching Porites with CCA crusts with Homotrema. Few microbialite crusts, massive and structureless. Bioclastic sediment and core disturbance. Gastrochaenolites boring.
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-26R-1,0-20	35.85	36.05	FRW-CorAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	5Y 8/4;10YR 8/2;N9		high		none	bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Porites-undetermined	Fragments of Porites with CCA crusts. Few microbialite crusts, massive and laminated.
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-26R-1,20-29	36.05	36.14	DET-Consolidated	Sedimentary-Carbonate	packstone	5YR 6/1		none		none		Coralline algae;Coral-undetermined;Mollusc;Echinoderm	Bioclastic packstone
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-26R-1,29-129	36.14	37.14	FALL	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	10YR 8/2;N9				none	encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion	Coralline algae;Cyphastrea-encrusting;Gastropod;Vermetidae;Homotrema	Very thick CCA crusts with Cyphastrea encrusting with upward projections. CCA with Homotrema and vermetids. Some microbialite
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-27R-1,0-10	37.96	38.06	FALL	Sedimentary-Carbonate	clastic sediment					none			Disturbed or fall-in material
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-27R-1,10-15	38.06	38.11	DET-Consolidated	Sedimentary-Carbonate	packstone	5YR 6/1				none		Coralline algae;Bivalve;Echinoderm	Biocalstic packstone to grainstone with fragments of CCA, mollusc shells, echinoids and microbialite below a neat boundary
389-M0099C	389-M0099C-13R-1,0-30	12.85	13.15	FRW-MicrobAlgBound	Sedimentary-Carbonate	boundstone	N9;5Y 7/2	aragonite;calcite	slight		none	encrustation - multilayered	Coralline algae;Echinoderm;Serp;Vermetidae;Homotrema	Microbialite-algal boundstone (with crustose and fruticose coralline algae)