Citation:

PANGAEA.987348 (DOI registration in progress)

Name: In situ flux measurements of nutrients in benthic chambers at station AL561_17-1
Published: 2025-11-24
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Geochemistry; lander experiment; North Sea

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Published: 2025-11-24

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Abstract:

The AL561 cruise was conducted in the framework of the project APOC ("Anthropogenic impacts on Particulate Organic Carbon cycling in the North Sea"). This collaborative project between GEOMAR, AWI, HEREON, UHH, and BUND is to understand how particulate organic carbon (POC) cycling contributes to carbon sequestration in the North Sea and how this ecosystem service is compromised and interlinked with global change and a range of human pressures include fisheries (pelagic fisheries, bottom trawling), resource extraction (sand mining), sediment management (dredging and disposal of dredged sediments) and eutrophication. The main aim of the sampling activity during AL561 cruise was to recover undisturbed sediment from high accumulation sites in the Skagerrak/Kattegat and to subsample sediment/porewater at high resolution in order to investigate sedimentation transport processes, origin of sediment/POC and mineralization processes over the last 100- 200 years. Moreover, the actual processes of sedimentation and POC degradation in the water column and benthic layer will be addressed by sampling with CTD and Lander devices. In total 9 hydroacoustic surveys (59 profiles), 4 Gravity Corer, 7 Multicorer, 3 BIGO Lander and 3 CTD stations were successfully conducted during the AL561 cruise.

Keyword(s):

Geochemistry; lander experiment; North Sea

Related to:

Spiegel, Timo; Dale, Andrew W; Lenz, Nina; Schmidt, Mark; Moros, Matthias; Lindhorst, Sebastian; Wolschke, Hendrik; Müller, Daniel; Butzin, Martin; Fuhr, Michael; Kalapurakkal, Habeeb Thanveer; Kasten, Sabine; Wallmann, Klaus (2025): Mass accumulation rates decreased in the Skagerrak basin over the last 100 years. Continental Shelf Research, 286, 105411, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2025.105411

Spiegel, Timo; Dale, Andrew W; Lenz, Nina; Schmidt, Mark; Sommer, Stefan; Becker, Kevin W; Elling, Felix J; Porz, Lucas; Daewel, Ute; Fuhr, Michael; Kalapurakkal, Habeeb Thanveer; Wallmann, Klaus (2025): Benthic POC cycling in the Skagerrak basin: The role of lateral POC input. Continental Shelf Research, 293, 105536, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2025.105536

Spiegel, Timo; Dale, Andrew W; Lenz, Nina; Schmidt, Mark; Sommer, Stefan; Kalapurakkal, Habeeb Thanveer; Przibilla, Anna; Lindhorst, Sebastian; Wallmann, Klaus (2023): Biogenic silica cycling in the Skagerrak. Frontiers in Marine Science, 10, 1141448, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1141448

Spiegel, Timo; Diesing, Markus; Dale, Andrew W; Lenz, Nina; Schmidt, Mark; Sommer, Stefan; Böttner, Christoph; Fuhr, Michael; Kalapurakkal, Habeeb Thanveer; Schulze, Cosima; Wallmann, Klaus (2024): Modelling mass accumulation rates and 210Pb rain rates in the Skagerrak: lateral sediment transport dominates the sediment input. Frontiers in Marine Science, 11, 1331102, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1331102

Project(s):

Anthropogenic impacts on particulate organic carbon cycling in the North Sea (APOC)

Coverage:

Latitude: 58.313060 * Longitude: 9.572780

Date/Time Start: 2021-08-06T15:31:07 * Date/Time End: 2021-08-06T15:31:07

Minimum Elevation: -676.0 m * Maximum Elevation: -676.0 m

Event(s):

AL561_17-1 (ALK561_17BIGO2-2) * Latitude: 58.313060 * Longitude: 9.572780 * Date/Time: 2021-08-06T15:31:07 * Elevation: -676.0 m * Location: Skagerrak * Campaign: * Basis: * Method/Device: Bottom lander (B_LANDER)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Dale, Andy W
2	Replicate	Repl		Dale, Andy W
3	Time in hours	Time h	h	Dale, Andy W
4	Number	No		Dale, Andy W		Timestep
5	Comment	Comment		Dale, Andy W
6	Alkalinity, total	AT	mmol(eq)/l	Dale, Andy W	Titration, Pavlova
7	Barium	Ba	nmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)
8	Boron	B	mmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)
9	Bromide	Br-	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Ion chromatography
10	Calcium	Ca	mmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)
11	Chloride	Cl-	mmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Ion chromatography	Cl/IAPSO mean
12	Chloride	Cl-	mmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Ion chromatography	Cl/IAPSO mean
13	Chloride	Cl-	mmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Ion chromatography
14	Iron	Fe	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)
15	Potassium	K	mmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)
16	Lithium	Li	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)
17	Magnesium	Mg	mmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)
18	Manganese	Mn	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)
19	Sodium	Na	mmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)
20	Ammonium	[NH4]+	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Autoanalyzer (AA)
21	Nitrite	[NO2]-	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Autoanalyzer (AA)
22	Nitrate	[NO3]-	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Autoanalyzer (AA)
23	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Autoanalyzer (AA)
24	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Photometric
25	Silicon	Si	mmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)
26	Silicate	Si(OH)4	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Autoanalyzer (AA)
27	Silicate	Si(OH)4	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Photometric
28	Sulfate	[SO4]2-	mmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Ion chromatography
29	Strontium	Sr	µmol/l	Dale, Andy W	Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

972 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Type	2 Repl	3 Time h [h]	4 No (Timestep)	5 Comment	6 AT [mmol(eq)/l] (Titration, Pavlova)	7 Ba [nmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)	8 B [mmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)	9 Br- [µmol/l] (Ion chromatography)	10 Ca [mmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)	11 Cl- [mmol/l] (Cl/IAPSO mean, Ion chromatogr...)	12 Cl- [mmol/l] (Cl/IAPSO mean, Ion chromatogr...)	13 Cl- [mmol/l] (Ion chromatography)	14 Fe [µmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)	15 K [mmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)	16 Li [µmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)	17 Mg [mmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)	18 Mn [µmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)	19 Na [mmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)	20 [NH4]+ [µmol/l] (Autoanalyzer)	21 [NO2]- [µmol/l] (Autoanalyzer)	22 [NO3]- [µmol/l] (Autoanalyzer)	23 [PO4]3- [µmol/l] (Autoanalyzer)	24 [PO4]3- [µmol/l] (Photometric)	25 Si [mmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)	26 Si(OH)4 [µmol/l] (Autoanalyzer)	27 Si(OH)4 [µmol/l] (Photometric)	28 [SO4]2- [mmol/l] (Ion chromatography)	29 Sr [µmol/l] (Inductively coupled plasma at...)
Watercolumn	BW-1	0.00	1		2.28	65.36	0.42	839.33	10.36		561.0	551.21	-0.14	10.20	25.68	53.59	0.01	491.96	2.45	0.02	11.60	0.93	0.99	0.01	14.34	13.45	28.43	86.61
Watercolumn	BW-2	4.07	2		2.27	64.42	0.42	840.17	10.36		561.0	552.94	-0.16	10.19	25.56	53.49	-0.03	490.42	2.51	0.02	11.67	0.97	0.97	0.01	14.88	14.36	28.53	86.71
Watercolumn	BW-3	8.13	3		2.26	59.47	0.42	856.95	10.30		561.0	564.19	0.01	10.12	25.43	53.23	-0.03	480.64	2.50	0.02	11.94	1.00	0.97	0.01	14.52	14.29	29.40	86.18
Watercolumn	BW-4	12.20	4		2.29	65.95	0.42	854.62	10.45		561.0	561.85	-0.05	10.33	25.82	54.09	-0.04	482.64	1.78	0.01	11.89	1.01	0.99	0.01	13.89	13.56	29.02	87.43
Watercolumn	BW-5	16.28	5		2.27	98.67	0.41	855.64	10.27		561.0	564.03	-0.03	10.15	25.35	53.16	-0.01	480.78	3.61	0.02	12.51	0.97	1.15	0.01	13.51	13.09	29.10	86.10
Watercolumn	BW-6	20.35	6		2.26	67.21	0.42	847.35	10.29		561.0	558.19	-0.06	10.14	25.46	53.19	-0.02	485.81	2.77	0.02	11.93	1.02	1.12	0.01	13.66	13.29	28.81	86.12
Watercolumn	BW-7	24.42	7		2.27	66.73	0.42	856.17	10.38		561.0	563.32	0.00	10.24	25.61	53.65	-0.07	481.39	1.41	0.02	11.77	1.00	1.15	0.01	13.35	13.04	29.06	86.90
Watercolumn	BW-8	28.50	8		2.28	48.70	0.42	849.00	10.32		561.0	558.27	-0.05	10.16	25.44	53.33	-0.07	485.74	1.07	0.02	12.60	1.04	1.03	0.01	12.24	12.04	28.79	86.41
Watercolumn	K1-1	0.00	1	Height of water22,65cm	2.30	73.12	0.42	850.49	10.28		561.0	557.29	0.08	10.10	25.53	53.15	0.60	486.59	3.38	0.03	12.17	0.95	0.97	0.02	15.07	14.67	28.68	86.20
Watercolumn	K1-2	4.07	2		2.26	120.50	0.42	847.89	10.26		561.0	554.95	-0.06	10.10	25.62	53.05	0.66	488.65	3.06	0.03	11.76	1.01	1.04	0.02	17.28	17.42	28.54	85.92
Watercolumn	K1-3	8.13	3		2.29	71.60	0.42	847.42	10.24		561.0	556.39	-0.09	10.09	25.51	52.96	0.64	487.38	3.10	0.02	12.17	1.20	1.18	0.02	18.15	17.78	28.55	85.87
Watercolumn	K1-4	12.20	4		2.29	123.90	0.42	848.40	10.27		561.0	557.67	0.06	10.11	25.45	53.04	0.69	486.26	3.53	0.03	12.12	1.08	1.10	0.02	18.78	19.06	28.72	86.08
Watercolumn	K1-5	16.28	5		2.31	77.59	0.42	840.61	10.31		561.0	552.94	0.01	10.15	25.61	53.29	0.71	490.42	4.35	0.03	12.04	1.13	1.10	0.02	19.31	18.47	28.58	86.36
Watercolumn	K1-6	20.35	6		2.28	72.45	0.42	842.58	10.29		561.0	553.05	0.07	10.14	25.49	53.25	0.74	490.32	4.42	0.03	11.99	1.24	1.23	0.02	19.24	19.10	28.55	86.41
Watercolumn	K1-7	24.42	7		2.29	41.46	0.42	850.56	10.30		561.0	558.21	-0.11	10.13	25.45	53.20	0.64	485.79	4.00	0.03	11.92	1.26	1.24	0.02	19.46	19.12	28.83	86.18
Watercolumn	K1-8	28.50	8		2.29	73.78	0.42	842.58	10.27		561.0	554.42	-0.08	10.11	25.33	53.07	0.57	489.12	4.82	0.04	13.39	1.18	1.21	0.02	19.29	19.25	28.55	86.14
Watercolumn	K2-1	0.00	1	Height of water 19,83cm	2.33	135.37	0.42	841.28	10.27		561.0	554.02	-0.10	10.09	25.62	53.16	3.07	489.46	8.64	0.03	11.53	1.11	1.06	0.02	20.94	20.06	28.55	86.11
Watercolumn	K2-2	4.07	2		2.31	82.37	0.42	849.96	10.28		561.0	558.60	-0.16	10.14	25.53	53.20	3.67	485.46	6.19	0.02	11.76	1.60	1.50	0.02	20.86	20.83	28.80	86.21
Watercolumn	K2-3	8.13	3		2.34	78.97	0.42	841.58	10.28		561.0	553.80	0.18	10.13	25.63	53.17	4.51	489.66	9.35	0.04	11.95	1.67	1.61	0.03	27.17	25.77	28.66	86.11
Watercolumn	K2-4	12.20	4		2.34	81.28	0.42	854.67	10.29		561.0	561.80	-0.12	10.13	25.38	53.12	4.14	482.68	12.40	0.04	11.70	1.32	1.31	0.03	25.98	25.12	29.00	86.07
Watercolumn	K2-5	16.28	5		2.38	58.52	0.43	861.63	10.47		561.0	566.72	-0.04	10.31	25.76	54.05	4.43	478.49	13.31	0.04	12.03	1.51	1.45	0.03	27.99	26.62	29.29	87.66
Watercolumn	K2-6	20.35	6		2.38	53.70	0.42	851.55	10.27		561.0	560.24	-0.11	10.15	25.56	53.07	4.61	484.03	17.46	0.05	59.56	1.46	1.42	0.03	28.87	28.42	28.88	86.18
Watercolumn	K2-7	24.42	7		2.41	85.25	0.42	850.71	10.27		561.0	560.43	-0.05	10.14	25.58	53.11	4.63	483.87	15.25	0.05	12.20	1.46	1.61	0.03	29.92	29.10	28.91	86.08
Watercolumn	Niskin				2.35	42.04	0.43	836.62	10.53	561.0		550.57	-0.18	10.42	25.78	54.43	-0.08	482.06	0.13	0.02	11.83	1.05	1.02	0.01	11.91	11.48	28.46	88.21
Bottom Water	Qg/BW-1	0.00	1	without tube dilution		67.57	0.43		10.53				9.28	10.43	25.79	54.25	0.43	481.92						0.04				87.99
Bottom Water	Qg/BW-2	3.92	2	without tube dilution		53.56	0.43		10.56				1.14	10.50	25.96	54.55	0.36	484.60						0.01				88.40
Bottom Water	Qg/K1-1	0.00	1	without tube dilution / Height of water22,65cm		47.48	0.43		10.55				0.56	10.47	25.99	54.48	0.70	485.12						0.01				88.17
Bottom Water	Qg/K1-2	3.92	2	without tube dilution		51.79	0.43		10.53				1.75	10.43	25.96	54.41	0.87	483.92						0.01				87.93
Bottom Water	Qg/K1-3	7.87	3	without tube dilution		52.31	0.43		10.53				0.77	10.45	25.87	54.45	0.76	482.31						0.02				88.18
Bottom Water	Qg/K1-4	11.80	4	without tube dilution		46.86	0.43		10.50				0.71	10.42	25.68	54.27	0.79	481.87						0.02				88.01
Bottom Water	Qg/K1-6	19.67	6	without tube dilution		56.72	0.42		10.32				0.48	10.28	25.34	53.31	0.79	474.58						0.02				86.31
Bottom Water	Qg/K1-7	23.60	7	without tube dilution		54.95	0.43		10.49				0.46	10.39	25.75	54.16	0.68	481.33						0.02				87.85
Bottom Water	Qg/K1-8	27.53	8	without tube dilution		60.96	0.43		10.53				0.99	10.44	25.80	54.36	0.69	483.49						0.02				88.13
Bottom Water	Qg/K2-1	0.00	1	without tube dilution / Height of water 19,83cm		61.93	0.43		10.47				1.76	10.44	25.68	54.20	3.31	480.73						0.02				87.55
Bottom Water	Qg/K2-2	3.92	2	without tube dilution		59.37	0.43		10.56				2.03	10.50	25.97	54.61	4.02	484.80						0.02				88.34
Bottom Water	Qg/K2-3	7.87	3	without tube dilution		64.71	0.43		10.49				1.82	10.39	25.78	54.18	4.26	481.84						0.02				87.93
Bottom Water	Qg/K2-4	11.80	4	without tube dilution		93.53	0.43		10.48				8.92	10.36	25.87	54.05	4.55	480.88						0.04				87.71
Bottom Water	Qg/K2-5	15.73	5	without tube dilution		55.54	0.43		10.62				1.92	10.56	26.17	54.97	4.61	487.53						0.03				88.83
Bottom Water	Qg/K2-6	19.67	6	without tube dilution		63.77	0.44		10.60				2.36	10.56	26.20	54.86	4.71	485.92						0.03				88.58
Bottom Water	Qg/K2-7	23.60	7	without tube dilution		59.32	0.43		10.43				1.73	10.36	25.76	53.99	4.71	478.30						0.03				87.43
Bottom Water	Qg/K2-8	27.53	8	without tube dilution		58.32	0.43		10.27				1.53	10.18	25.36	53.09	4.71	471.88						0.03				86.03
Watercolumn	U1			supernatant	2.34	52.00	0.43	874.91	10.53	561.0		575.48	-0.03	10.41	25.81	54.45	0.62	483.07	0.93	0.06	11.95	1.26	1.22	0.02	19.76	19.72	29.74	88.16
Watercolumn	U2			supernatant	2.44	50.60	0.43	871.87	10.59	561.0		573.67	0.02	10.50	26.01	54.68	5.59	484.96	12.86	0.06	12.37	1.63	1.66	0.03	31.59	32.13	29.54	88.63