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Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Sinnl, Giulia (2025): Match points EGRIP-NGRIP2 used for the chronology transfer for the East GReenland Ice-core Project (EGRIP), extended to 108,305 years before 2000 CE [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.984829, In: Rasmussen, SO; Sinnl, G (2025): Chronology for the East GReenland Ice-core Project (EGRIP), extended to 108,305 years before 2000 CE [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.984827

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Published: 2025-09-12 • DOI registered: 2025-09-12

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Abstract:
This data file provides the chronology (named GICC05-EGRIP-1) for the deep ice core from the East GReenland Ice-core Project (EGRIP) down to 108,305 years before 2000 CE. We rely mainly on volcanic events and common patterns of peaks in dielectric profiling (DEP), electrical conductivity measurements (ECM) and tephra records for the synchronization between the EGRIP, NEEM and NGRIP ice cores in Greenland. We transfer the annual-layer-counted Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) timescale from the NGRIP core to the EGRIP ice core by means of these match points. This data file extends earlier chronologies.
Keyword(s):
chronology; EastGRIP; Electric conductivity
Supplement to:
Stoll, Nicolas; Weikusat, Ilka; Jansen, Daniela; Bons, Paul D; Darányi, Kyra; Westhoff, Julien; Llorens, Maria-Gema; Wallis, David; Eichler, Jan; Saruya, Tomotaka; Homma, Tomoyuki; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Sinnl, Giulia; Svensson, Anders M; Drury, Martyn R; Wilhelms, Frank; Kipfstuhl, Sepp; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Kerch, Johanna (2025): Linking crystallographic orientation and ice stream dynamics: evidence from the EastGRIP ice core. The Cryosphere, 19(9), 3805-3830, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3805-2025
Related to:
Mojtabavi, Seyedhamidreza; Wilhelms, Frank; Cook, Eliza; Davies, Siwan M; Sinnl, Giulia; Skov Jensen, Mathias; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Svensson, Anders M; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Kipfstuhl, Sepp; Karlsson, Nanna Bjørnholt; Faria, Sergio Henrique; Gkinis, Vasileios; Kjær, Helle Astrid; Erhardt, Tobias; Berben, Sarah M P; Nisancioglu, Kerim H; Koldtoft, Iben; Rasmussen, Sune Olander (2020): Chronology for the East GReenland Ice-core Project (EGRIP) [dataset bundled publication]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.922139
References:
Andersen, Katrine K; Svensson, Anders M; Johnsen, Sigfús Jóhann; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Bigler, Matthias; Röthlisberger, Regine; Ruth, Urs; Siggaard-Andersen, Marie-Louise; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Clausen, Henrik Brink (2006): The Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005, 15-42 ka. Part 1: constructing the time scale. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(23-24), 3246-3257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.08.002
Gerber, Tamara Annina; Hvidberg, Christine Schøtt; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Franke, Steven; Sinnl, Giulia; Grinsted, Aslak; Jansen, Daniela; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe (2021): Upstream flow effects revealed in the EastGRIP ice core using Monte Carlo inversion of a two-dimensional ice-flow model. The Cryosphere, 15(8), 3655-3679, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3655-2021
Hvidberg, Christine Schøtt; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Clausen, Henrik Brink; Shoji, Hitoshi (2002): The NorthGRIP ice-core logging procedure: description and evaluation. Annals of Glaciology, 35, 5-8, https://doi.org/10.3189/172756402781817293
Mojtabavi, Seyedhamidreza; Wilhelms, Frank; Cook, Eliza; Davies, Siwan M; Sinnl, Giulia; Skov Jensen, Mathias; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Svensson, Anders M; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Kipfstuhl, Sepp; Karlsson, Nanna Bjørnholt; Faria, Sergio Henrique; Gkinis, Vasileios; Kjær, Helle Astrid; Erhardt, Tobias; Berben, Sarah M P; Nisancioglu, Kerim H; Koldtoft, Iben; Rasmussen, Sune Olander (2020): A first chronology for the East GReenland Ice-core Project (EGRIP) over the Holocene and last glacial termination. Climate of the Past, 16, 2359-2380, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2359-2020
Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Andersen, Katrine K; Svensson, Anders M; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Clausen, Henrik Brink; Siggaard-Andersen, Marie-Louise; Johnsen, Sigfús Jóhann; Larsen, L B; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Bigler, Matthias; Röthlisberger, Regine; Fischer, Hubertus; Goto-Azuma, Kumiko; Hansson, Margareta E; Ruth, Urs (2006): A new Greenland ice core chronology for the last glacial termination. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 111, D06102, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006079
Sinnl, Giulia; Winstrup, Mai; Erhardt, Tobias; Cook, Eliza; Jensen, Camilla Marie; Svensson, Anders M; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Muscheler, Raimund; Rasmussen, Sune Olander (2022): A multi-ice-core, annual-layer-counted Greenland ice-core chronology for the last 3800 years: GICC21. Climate of the Past, 18(5), 1125-1150, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1125-2022
Svensson, Anders M; Andersen, Katrine K; Bigler, Matthias; Clausen, Henrik Brink; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Davies, Siwan M; Johnsen, Sigfús Jóhann; Muscheler, Raimund; Parrenin, Frédéric; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Röthlisberger, Regine; Seierstad, Inger K; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe (2008): A 60 000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology. Climate of the Past, 4(1), 47-57, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-4-47-2008
Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Clausen, Henrik Brink; Johnsen, Sigfús Jóhann; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Andersen, Katrine K; Buchardt, Susanne L; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Seierstad, Inger K; Siggaard-Andersen, Marie-Louise; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Svensson, Anders M; Olsen, G J; Heinemeier, Jan (2006): A synchronized dating of three Greenland ice cores throughout the Holocene. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 111, D13102, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006921
Wolff, Eric William; Chappellaz, Jérôme A; Blunier, Thomas; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Svensson, Anders M (2010): Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(21-22), 2828-2838, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.013
Project(s):
East Greenland Ice-core Project (EGRIP)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 75.365000 * Median Longitude: -39.150000 * South-bound Latitude: 75.100000 * West-bound Longitude: -42.320000 * North-bound Latitude: 75.630000 * East-bound Longitude: -35.980000
Date/Time Start: 1999-05-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2003-08-31T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, ice/snow: 1089.426 m * Maximum DEPTH, ice/snow: 2938.431 m
Event(s):
EGRIP (EastGRIP) * Latitude: 75.630000 * Longitude: -35.980000 * Location: Greenland * Method/Device: Ice drill (ICEDRILL)
NGRIP2 (NorthGRIP) * Latitude: 75.100000 * Longitude: -42.320000 * Date/Time Start: 1999-05-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2003-08-31T00:00:00 * Elevation: 2917.0 m * Recovery: 3085 * Location: Greenland * Method/Device: Ice drill (ICEDRILL) * Comment: Ice thickness is 3085 m at the drill site.
Comment:
The part younger than 15 ka b2k was presented in the Mojtabavi et al. (2020) paper.
The 15-49.9 ka b2k part was presented in the Gerber et al. (2021) paper.
The part older than 49.9 ka b2k is presented in the accompanying paper by Stoll et al. (2025).
Please state the full time scale name GICC05-EGRIP-1 at least once in data files and work based on this time scale. Use the short labels GICC05 on graphs etc. only if there is no risk of confusion with other time scales.
EGRIP depths have been transferred to NGRIP by linear interpolation between match points, from which GICC05 ages were obtained using the NGRIP (depth, age) relation. Above the most shallow match point (EGRIP depth 21.349 m), we use annual layer counting from the following paper: Sinnl et al. (2022).
All ages are given in whole years b2k (years before A.D. 2000).
The NGRIP1 core reaches down to a depth of 1372 m. The NGRIP2 core (drilled 20 meters away from the NGRIP1 core) reaches from surface to bedrock, but high-resolution measurements apart from DEP have only been carried out downwards from 1346 m. In the 26 m overlap zone, the cores are offset by 0.43 m on average, probably due to uncertainties in the logging procedure (see Hvidberg et al., 2002). Thus, the same features appear at larger depths in the NGRIP1 than in the NGRIP2 core. Here, we derive the EGRIP time scale from the match points between EGRIP and NGRIP1 until 9810 a b2k and the match points between EGRIP and NGRIP2 below this.
The GICC05 chronology extends to 60.2 ka b2k, and has been published in several stages. The relevant references here are:
• Main Holocene part: Vinther et al. (2006).
• Late glacial / Early Holocene part: Rasmussen et al. (2006).
• 16-42 ka part: Andersen et al. (2006).
• 42-60 ka part: Svensson et al. (2008).
The value "MCE" is the Maximum Counting Error of the GICC05 time scale. See Rasmussen et al. (2006) for a full description.
In a standard deviation context, the maximum counting error should be regarded as 2 sigma as discussed in Andersen et al. (2006).
Below 60.2 ka b2k, the GICC05modelext time scale has been used. This part of the time scale is based on ice-flow modelling: Wolff et al. (2010).
There is no MCE estimate for the modelled part of the time scale.
The counting error does not include uncertainty contributions from the time scale transfer. Most match points are accurate to 10 cm or better (i.e. a few years except in the deeper parts).
The time scale transfer involves interpolation over relatively long sections resulting in significant relative uncertainty.
Synchronization above 15 ka b2k carried out by S. Mojtabavi, G. Sinnl, M.S. Jensen and S.O. Rasmussen. Synchronization in the 15-49.9 ka b2k interval carried out by G. Sinnl, T.A. Gerber and S.O. Rasmussen. Synchronization below 49.9 ka b2k carried out by G. Sinnl and S.O. Rasmussen.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 DEPTH, ice/snowDepth ice/snowmRasmussen, Sune OlanderGeocode – EGRIP
2 DEPTH, ice/snowDepth ice/snowmRasmussen, Sune OlanderGeocode – NGRIP2
3 Ice ageIce ageka b2kRasmussen, Sune Olander
4 Maximum Counting ErrorMCEaRasmussen, Sune Olander
5 CommentCommentRasmussen, Sune Olander
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
675 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Depth ice/snow [m]
(EGRIP)		2 
Depth ice/snow [m]
(NGRIP2)		3 
Ice age [ka b2k]		4 
MCE [a]		5 
Comment
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1968.6422121.85841.3791632
1982.6202135.10942.2481683
1984.5432136.94942.3541688
1985.6312138.05842.4181692
1990.0082142.35442.6581705
1991.3832143.69242.7311709
1993.4692145.67242.8351717
1994.5872146.75942.8841719
1999.9312151.79643.1041729
2004.8592156.54343.2981734
2005.1212156.79443.3101736
2005.5962157.19543.3261736
2020.3152171.40444.3731784
2022.8662173.87044.5051789
2026.9752177.64444.7421801
2027.2632177.97444.7641803
2029.0382179.63944.8641809
2029.9002180.46744.9151811
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2038.8862189.18545.4191840
2041.2662191.38845.5271846
2041.8932191.96945.5531847
2045.0212194.98545.6991852
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2046.4752196.41645.7651855
2047.3582197.21545.8001856
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2070.0582219.09846.7371908
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2101.8472250.57948.9502016
2104.1032252.87249.0642021
2104.8052253.55049.1042022
2106.6182255.36149.2012026Match point until and including this one from Mojtabavi et al., 2020, and Gerber et al., 2021.
2128.4782276.78849.3212033Match point from and including this one from Stoll et al., 2025.
2129.3182277.63749.9092066
2131.3522279.69650.7052099
2134.6552282.98750.9012105
2138.2052286.52851.1062115
2138.6582286.94851.1322116
2141.1582289.35351.2712123
2148.0712296.33051.6862147
2149.8212298.04151.7762153
2150.8682299.03751.8312158
2152.9632301.09351.9392164
2154.6082302.74752.0312169
2159.6052307.58252.3012187
2162.9482310.90052.4762195
2164.4072312.34152.5492198
2167.5182315.33552.7022206
2168.4962316.28852.7502209
2171.1572318.83352.8802218
2177.4072325.03553.2032242
2178.5802326.08353.2582247
2181.6492329.06153.4052254
2185.1142332.35853.5682263
2186.1652333.37353.6162266
2186.9412334.11153.6512268
2190.9232337.93053.8422280
2192.9252339.87853.9332285
2196.5972343.62054.1302298
2197.6652344.59454.1782300
2215.6332363.39155.6302382
2216.7062364.45555.6842384
2217.5442365.32255.7302388
2235.9062384.40057.1652466
2236.6872385.21457.2202467
2243.0202391.81657.6422481
2245.1812393.83757.7632486
2247.1572395.82757.8682489
2249.6352398.32858.0172497
2251.8972400.66958.1812508
2258.6432407.73758.6672534
2259.8432408.95758.7302538
2261.2912410.43258.8272542
2262.0892411.18558.8732545
2263.2942412.43658.9442549
2268.9652418.55659.3512571
2310.3992463.40063.950From here on, interpolating ages using GICC05modelext
2345.8482506.50369.532
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