<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!--*** Generated from internal PANGAEA metadata schema by dif.xslt ***--><DIF xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.4.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/">
<Entry_ID>PANGAEA_983420</Entry_ID>
<Entry_Title>Chironomid counts from borehole Sokli B series in Sokli (Finland) in 2002</Entry_Title>
<Data_Set_Citation>
<Dataset_Creator>Helmens, Karin; Bergman, Jonas; Engels, Stefan; Kaislahti, Päivi; Shala, Shyhrete; Väliranta, Minna</Dataset_Creator>
<Dataset_Title>Chironomid counts from borehole Sokli B series in Sokli (Finland) in 2002</Dataset_Title>
<Dataset_Release_Date>2025-07-01</Dataset_Release_Date>
<Dataset_Publisher>PANGAEA</Dataset_Publisher>
<Data_Presentation_Form>Dataset</Data_Presentation_Form>
<Online_Resource>https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.983420</Online_Resource>
</Data_Set_Citation>
<Personnel>
<Role>Investigator</Role>
<First_Name>Stefan</First_Name>
<Last_Name>Engels</Last_Name>
<Email>s.engels@bbk.ac.uk</Email>
</Personnel>
<Discipline>
<Discipline_Name>Earth Science</Discipline_Name>
</Discipline>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>DEPTH, sediment/rock</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Abiskomyia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Ablabesmyia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Brillia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Chaetocladius piger-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Chaetocladius-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Chironomus anthracinus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Chironomus plumosus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cladopelma lateralis-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cladotanytarsus mancus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Corynocera ambigua</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Corynocera oliveri-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Corynoneura arctica-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Corynoneura edwardsi-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Corynoneura coronata-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Corynoneura lobata-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Corynoneura ?carriana-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cricotopus intersectus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cricotopus cylindraceus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cricotopus pulchripes-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cricotopus-type C</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Orthocladius-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Orthocladius-type S</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Orthocladius rivulorum-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cricotopus obnixus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cryptochironomus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Diamesa</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Dicrotendipes nervosus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Diplocladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Einfeldia dissidens-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Endochironomus albipennis-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Eukiefferiella spp.</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Georthocladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Glyptotendipes pallens-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Gymnometriocnemus/Bryophaenocladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Harnischia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Heterotrissocladius marcidus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Heterotrissocladius subpilosus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Heterotrissocladius grimshawi-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Hydrobaenus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Krenopelopia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Lauterborniella</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Limnophyes</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Mesocricotopus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Metriocnemus eurynotus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Metriocnemus terrester-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Microchironomus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Micropsectra insignilobus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Micropsectra radialis-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Microtendipes pedellus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Monodiamesa</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Nanocladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Neozavrelia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Oliveridia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Omisus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Parachaetocladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Parachironomus varus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Paracladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Paracricotopus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Paracladopelma</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Parakiefferiella bathophila-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Parakiefferiella triquetra-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Paramerina</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Parametriocnemus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Paratanytarsus spp.</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Paratanytarsus austriacus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Paratanytarsus penicillatus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Paratendipes albimanus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Phaenopsectra flavipes-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Polypedilum nubeculosum-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Polypedilum nubifer-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Procladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Prodiamesa</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Protanypus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Psectrocladius septentrionalis-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Psectrocladius psilopterus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Psectrocladius sordidellus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Psectrocladius flavus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Psectrocladius calcaratus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Pseudorthocladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Pseudosmittia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Rheocricotopus effusus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Smittia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Stempellina-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Stempellinella - Zavrelia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Stictochironomus rosenschoeldi-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Stictochironomus-type A</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Stilocladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Symposiocladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Synorthocladius</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tanytarsus chinyensis-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tanytarsus pallidicornis-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tanytarsus nemorosus-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tanytarsus lugens-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tanytarsus mendax-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Thienemanniella clavicornis-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Thienemannimyia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Sergentia coracina-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tribelos</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tvetenia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Zalutschia-type A</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Zalutschia-type B</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Zavrelimyia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Chironomini 1st instar</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Orthocladiinae spp.</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tanypodini spp.</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tanytarsini spp.</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Unidentified</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
<Keyword>Borehole Sokli B series</Keyword>
<Keyword>Brorup</Keyword>
<Keyword>Chironomids</Keyword>
<Keyword>diatoms</Keyword>
<Keyword>Finland</Keyword>
<Keyword>Hydraulic piston corer, GM 100</Keyword>
<Keyword>loss on ignition</Keyword>
<Keyword>Macro-remains</Keyword>
<Keyword>MIS-5cd</Keyword>
<Keyword>non-pollen palynomorphs</Keyword>
<Keyword>Pollen</Keyword>
<Keyword>Sokli</Keyword>
<Keyword>Sokli_2002/4</Keyword>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>see description in data abstract</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Temporal_Coverage>
<Start_Date>2002-04-15</Start_Date>
<Stop_Date>2002-04-18</Stop_Date>
</Temporal_Coverage>
<Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
<Spatial_Coverage>
<Southernmost_Latitude>67.80027778</Southernmost_Latitude>
<Northernmost_Latitude>67.80027778</Northernmost_Latitude>
<Westernmost_Longitude>29.30027778</Westernmost_Longitude>
<Easternmost_Longitude>29.30027778</Easternmost_Longitude>
<Minimum_Depth>13.42 m (DEPTH, sediment/rock)</Minimum_Depth>
<Maximum_Depth>19.11 m (DEPTH, sediment/rock)</Maximum_Depth>
</Spatial_Coverage>
<Access_Constraints>unrestricted</Access_Constraints>
<Use_Constraints>CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</Use_Constraints>
<Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
<Data_Center>
<Data_Center_Name>
<Short_Name>PANGAEA</Short_Name>
<Long_Name>Data Publisher for Earth &amp; Environmental Science</Long_Name>
</Data_Center_Name>
<Data_Center_URL>https://www.pangaea.de/</Data_Center_URL>
<Personnel>
<Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
<First_Name>Michael</First_Name>
<Last_Name>Diepenbroek</Last_Name>
<Email>info@pangaea.de</Email>
<Contact_Address>
<Address>Leobener Str.</Address>
<City>Bremen</City>
<Province_or_State>Bremen</Province_or_State>
<Postal_Code>28359</Postal_Code>
<Country>Germany</Country>
</Contact_Address>
</Personnel>
</Data_Center>
<Distribution>
<Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
<Distribution_Size>5122 data points</Distribution_Size>
<Distribution_Format>text/tab-separated-values</Distribution_Format>
</Distribution>
<Reference>Helmens, Karin F; Väliranta, Minna; Engels, Stefan; Shala, Shyhrete (2012): Large shifts in vegetation and climate during the Early Weichselian (MIS 5d-c) inferred from multi-proxy evidence at Sokli (northern Finland). Quaternary Science Reviews, 41, 22-38, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.02.008</Reference>
<Reference>Väliranta, Minna; Birks, Hilary H; Helmens, Karin; Engels, Stefan; Piirainen, Mikko (2009): Early Weichselian interstadial (MIS 5c) summer temperatures were higher than today in northern Fennoscandia. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28(9-10), 777-782, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.01.004</Reference>
<Reference>Brooks, Steve J; Langdon, Peter G; Heiri, Oliver (2007): The Identification and Use of Palaearctic Chironomidae Larvae in Palaeoecology. Quaternary Research Association, Technical Guide, Quaternary Research Association, London
Quaternary Research Association Technical Guide, 10, 276 pp, https://edoc.unibas.ch/entities/publication/8701126d-f70d-4972-ad94-4b59d5cdf706</Reference>
<Reference>Engels, Stefan; Helmens, Karin F; Väliranta, Minna; Brooks, Stephen J; Birks, H John B (2010): Early Weichselian (MIS 5d and 5c) temperatures and environmental changes in northern Fennoscandia as recorded by chironomids and macroremains at Sokli, northeast Finland. Boreas, 39(4), 689-704, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2010.00163.x</Reference>
<Summary>This dataset provides counts of chironomid head capsules for the MIS 5cd sediment sequence retrieved from Sokli (Finland) in 2002. Counts per taxon are presented against depth (m). The chironomid dataset provides information on Early Weichselian lake and fluvial (floodplain, stream channel) ecosystem dynamics and was used to quantitatively reconstruct climate conditions (Engels et al., 2010). A total of 76 samples from the MIS 5cd sediment sequence were selected for chironomid analysis, with a higher number of samples taken from the central part of the sequence, where chironomid concentrations were low. The samples were treated with warm KOH (10%) to de-flocculate the material and subsequently rinsed through a sieve with a 100-µm mesh. The samples in the interval between 16.08 and 16.73m did not disintegrate completely after treatment with KOH, and, after trying a variety of approaches, an additional overnight treatment with cold HF was added to the preparation procedure. Chironomid head capsules (HCs) were hand-picked from the residue using a Bogorov sorting tray and mounted on permanent microscope slides using Euparal mounting medium. HCs were identified using Brooks et al. (2007). Where the sum of head capsules was below 50, neighbouring samples have been amalgamated to ensure a representative count sum was reached. The lowermost sample of the sequence contains 47 HCs but was not merged with a neighbouring sample due to the differences in the assemblage composition. The final dataset presented here contains 47 samples. All analyses were performed in the laboratories of Stockholm University, Sweden. ** For all details see the full metadata description at "https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.983420"! ** The funding was provided by Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB) and Bolin Centre for Climate Research (Stockholm University).</Summary>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=156905</URL>
<Description>Procladius</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=181574</URL>
<Description>Cryptochironomus</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=987216</URL>
<Description>Limnophyes</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.01.004</URL>
<Description>Early Weichselian interstadial (MIS 5c) summer temperatures were higher than today in northern Fennoscandia</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.02.008</URL>
<Description>Large shifts in vegetation and climate during the Early Weichselian (MIS 5d-c) inferred from multi-proxy evidence at Sokli (northern Finland)</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2010.00163.x</URL>
<Description>Early Weichselian (MIS 5d and 5c) temperatures and environmental changes in northern Fennoscandia as recorded by chironomids and macroremains at Sokli, northeast Finland</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://edoc.unibas.ch/entities/publication/8701126d-f70d-4972-ad94-4b59d5cdf706</URL>
<Description>The Identification and Use of Palaearctic Chironomidae Larvae in Palaeoecology</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
<Metadata_Version>9.4</Metadata_Version>
<DIF_Creation_Date>2025-07-01</DIF_Creation_Date>
<Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2026-07-15</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
