Zeppenfeld, Sebastian; Schmidt, Leon (2025): Dissolved and particulate carbohydrates and inorganic ions in the sea surface microlayer and bulk water of Kongsfjorden (Autumn 2021/Spring 2022) [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.982606
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Published: 2025-05-23 • DOI registered: 2025-06-25
Abstract:
Sea surface microlayer (SML) and bulk water samples were collected from various locations in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) during autumn 2021 and spring 2022. SML samples were obtained using the glass plate method, while corresponding bulk water samples (1 m depth) were collected with a telescopic rod. The following chemical parameters were analyzed: dissolved free carbohydrates (DFCHO), dissolved combined carbohydrates (DCCHO), particulate combined carbohydrates (PCCHO), and major inorganic ions. DFCHO and DCCHO concentrations were determined from filtered seawater (0.2 µm) after desalination via electrodialysis, followed by high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). PCCHO concentrations were measured from 0.2 µm polycarbonate membrane filters. All carbohydrate fractions (DFCHO, DCCHO, PCCHO) were quantified as the sum of individual monosaccharides, including arabinose, glucose, galactose, glucosamine, galactosamine, muramic acid, galacturonic acid, and others.
Keyword(s):
Related to:
Zeppenfeld, Sebastian (2025): Marine Carbohydrates and Other Sea Spray Aerosol Constituents Across Altitudes in the Lower Troposphere of Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science
Project(s):
Arctic Amplification (AC3)
Funding:
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 268020496: TRR 172: ArctiC Amplification: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and SurfaCe Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 78.939466 * Median Longitude: 12.096350 * South-bound Latitude: 78.900100 * West-bound Longitude: 11.917980 * North-bound Latitude: 78.980020 * East-bound Longitude: 12.341250
Date/Time Start: 2021-09-28T10:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2022-05-12T13:46:00
Minimum DEPTH, water: 0.00 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 1.00 m
Event(s):
Kongsfjorden_SML_2021 * Latitude Start: 78.900100 * Longitude Start: 12.341250 * Latitude End: 78.980020 * Longitude End: 11.917980 * Date/Time Start: 2021-09-28T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2021-10-02T00:00:00 * Location: Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen, Arctic * Campaign: TROPOS_NYA_autumn_2021 * Basis: AWIPEV * Method/Device: Dinghi (DI)
Kongsfjorden_SML_2022 * Latitude Start: 78.900100 * Longitude Start: 12.341250 * Latitude End: 78.980020 * Longitude End: 11.917980 * Date/Time Start: 2022-05-04T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2022-05-12T00:00:00 * Location: Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen, Arctic * Campaign: TROPOS_NYA_spring_2022 * Basis: AWIPEV * Method/Device: Dinghi (DI)
Parameter(s):
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
990 data points
Data
| 1 Sample ID | 2 Depth water [m] | 3 Date/Time | 4 Latitude | 5 Longitude | 6 Fuc [µg/l] (DFCHO, High performance anion...) | 7 Rha [µg/l] (DFCHO, High performance anion...) | 8 Ara [µg/l] (DFCHO, High performance anion...) | 9 Gal [µg/l] (DFCHO, High performance anion...) | 10 Glc [µg/l] (DFCHO, High performance anion...) | 11 Xyl [µg/l] (DFCHO, High performance anion...) | 12 Man [µg/l] (DFCHO, High performance anion...) | 13 Fru [µg/l] (DFCHO, High performance anion...) | 14 DFCHO [µg/l] (DFCHO, High performance anion...) | 15 Fuc [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 16 GalN [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 17 Rha [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 18 Ara [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 19 GlcN [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 20 Gal [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 21 Glc [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 22 Xyl [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 23 Man [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 24 Mur [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 25 GalA [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 26 GlcA [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 27 ManA [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 28 DCCHO [µg/l] (DCCHO, High performance anion...) | 29 Fuc [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 30 GalN [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 31 Rha [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 32 Ara [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 33 GlcN [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 34 Gal [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 35 Glc [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 36 Xyl [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 37 Man [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 38 Mur [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 39 GalA [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 40 GlcA [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 41 ManA [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 42 PCCHO [µg/l] (PCCHO, High performance anion...) | 43 Cl- [mg/l] (Ion chromatograph, Thermo Sci...) | 44 [SO4]2- [µg/l] (Ion chromatograph, Thermo Sci...) | 45 Na+ [mg/l] (Ion chromatograph, Thermo Sci...) | 46 [NH4]+ [mg/l] (Ion chromatograph, Thermo Sci...) | 47 K+ [mg/l] (Ion chromatograph, Thermo Sci...) | 48 Mg2+ [mg/l] (Ion chromatograph, Thermo Sci...) | 49 Ca2+ [mg/l] (Ion chromatograph, Thermo Sci...) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bulk 1 | 1.00 | 2021-09-28T10:00:00 | 78.93746 | 11.99903 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 1.53 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.74 | 2.44 | 1.40 | 2.80 | 2.08 | 1.99 | 4.72 | 9.52 | 2.05 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 27.01 | 0.77 | 0.16 | 0.53 | 0.80 | 0.34 | 2.53 | 17.47 | 8.14 | 1.98 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 32.86 | 21817.0 | 2772.9 | 11407.6 | 144.4 | 296.8 | 768.3 | 762.2 |
| SML 1 | 0.00 | 2021-09-28T10:00:00 | 78.93746 | 11.99903 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.26 | 1.55 | 13.56 | 0.21 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 15.58 | 3.62 | 1.99 | 4.25 | 3.61 | 3.78 | 15.42 | 57.82 | 9.50 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.75 | 0.00 | 100.74 | 0.90 | 0.22 | 0.81 | 1.55 | 0.99 | 8.74 | 45.14 | 43.65 | 9.64 | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 111.93 | 17451.5 | 2138.5 | 8610.2 | 87.7 | 305.1 | 687.3 | 539.9 |
| Bulk 2 | 1.00 | 2021-09-29T09:20:00 | 78.92730 | 12.00874 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.20 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.20 | 3.41 | 1.69 | 3.41 | 2.54 | 2.47 | 5.74 | 13.20 | 3.28 | 0.64 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 36.39 | 0.88 | 0.16 | 0.42 | 0.23 | 0.33 | 1.53 | 4.85 | 1.65 | 0.93 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.99 | 18718.7 | 2335.9 | 9392.9 | 52.0 | 324.8 | 680.9 | 431.6 |
| SML 2 | 0.00 | 2021-09-29T09:20:00 | 78.92730 | 12.00874 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.43 | 8.46 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 9.00 | 3.34 | 1.97 | 4.69 | 3.67 | 3.18 | 10.28 | 39.22 | 5.44 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 71.79 | 0.65 | 0.17 | 0.59 | 0.52 | 0.98 | 4.95 | 20.72 | 6.31 | 2.37 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 37.26 | 17120.8 | 2038.2 | 8672.3 | 86.7 | 242.3 | 684.3 | 291.0 |
| Bulk 3 | 1.00 | 2021-09-29T09:40:00 | 78.93422 | 11.92933 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.87 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.87 | 3.51 | 1.56 | 3.21 | 2.33 | 2.34 | 5.41 | 10.64 | 4.82 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 33.82 | 1.21 | 0.23 | 0.53 | 0.30 | 0.45 | 1.55 | 6.73 | 1.86 | 0.63 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 13.49 | 17016.9 | 2112.8 | 8202.7 | 91.9 | 261.3 | 680.7 | 312.1 |
| SML 3 | 0.00 | 2021-09-29T09:40:00 | 78.93422 | 11.92933 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.14 | 5.21 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 5.42 | 3.00 | 2.00 | 4.19 | 3.77 | 2.72 | 7.91 | 29.03 | 7.44 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 60.06 | 1.23 | 0.27 | 0.75 | 0.67 | 0.93 | 3.44 | 13.89 | 5.29 | 1.80 | 0.18 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.00 | 28.63 | 21875.2 | 8999.0 | 11155.9 | 103.3 | 569.5 | 1067.8 | 3716.0 |
| Bulk 4 | 1.00 | 2021-10-02T11:30:00 | 78.94847 | 12.07980 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.61 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.61 | 2.64 | 1.62 | 2.77 | 2.42 | 2.06 | 4.86 | 16.77 | 4.09 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 37.23 | 0.62 | 0.14 | 0.39 | 0.26 | 0.24 | 1.43 | 9.20 | 3.77 | 0.74 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 16.79 | 19256.7 | 2473.0 | 9079.7 | 141.9 | 694.9 | 816.6 | 437.3 |
| SML 4 | 0.00 | 2021-10-02T11:30:00 | 78.94847 | 12.07980 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 7.34 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 7.34 | 3.18 | 1.54 | 3.29 | 2.72 | 2.31 | 6.45 | 25.38 | 4.10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 48.97 | 5.35 | 1.18 | 2.82 | 1.47 | 2.61 | 7.16 | 30.63 | 9.03 | 3.23 | 0.43 | 0.00 | 1.19 | 0.00 | 65.10 | 19304.4 | 2074.2 | 9545.3 | 352.8 | 297.9 | 1377.0 | 2226.5 |
| Bulk 5 | 1.00 | 2021-10-02T12:30:00 | 78.96388 | 12.20234 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.22 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.22 | 2.10 | 1.10 | 2.16 | 1.66 | 1.76 | 2.98 | 5.76 | 1.40 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 18.91 | 0.57 | 0.14 | 0.33 | 0.22 | 0.27 | 1.13 | 6.62 | 1.32 | 0.42 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 11.02 | 21334.3 | 2521.1 | 10431.6 | 135.2 | 589.3 | 1070.5 | 841.5 |
| SML 5 | 0.00 | 2021-10-02T12:30:00 | 78.96388 | 12.20234 | 0.00 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 7.37 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.84 | 9.44 | 2.21 | 1.23 | 2.67 | 2.13 | 1.96 | 4.64 | 21.71 | 1.97 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 38.53 | 1.08 | 0.31 | 0.75 | 0.43 | 0.68 | 3.38 | 17.94 | 5.28 | 1.43 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 31.27 | 17293.1 | 1972.6 | 9250.3 | 103.4 | 265.4 | 1003.8 | 1034.1 |
| Bulk 6 | 1.00 | 2022-05-04T09:36:00 | 78.93275 | 11.96842 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.70 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.70 | 1.37 | 0.85 | 1.34 | 1.26 | 1.22 | 2.69 | 6.67 | 1.34 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 16.74 | 0.84 | 0.21 | 1.34 | 3.38 | 0.33 | 3.88 | 13.30 | 4.20 | 1.59 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 29.08 | 20934.0 | 2483.4 | 11102.6 | 68.2 | 392.9 | 771.1 | 386.3 |
| SML 6 | 0.00 | 2022-05-04T09:36:00 | 78.93275 | 11.96842 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.60 | 8.20 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 9.80 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 1.72 | 1.81 | 1.61 | 12.63 | 26.17 | 1.81 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 48.25 | 1.19 | 0.26 | 1.18 | 3.13 | 0.48 | 4.25 | 32.25 | 7.08 | 1.88 | 0.39 | 0.45 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 52.54 | 20634.1 | 2575.4 | 10344.1 | 64.6 | 250.3 | 863.5 | 539.8 |
| Bulk 7 | 1.00 | 2022-05-04T09:59:00 | 78.95295 | 11.91798 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.84 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.84 | 1.30 | 0.86 | 1.22 | 1.15 | 1.24 | 2.33 | 5.90 | 2.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 16.03 | 0.51 | 0.12 | 0.71 | 2.02 | 0.17 | 2.17 | 5.30 | 2.53 | 0.69 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 14.20 | 21918.3 | 2746.4 | 10376.3 | 50.7 | 301.2 | 880.1 | 286.0 |
| SML 7 | 0.00 | 2022-05-04T09:59:00 | 78.95295 | 11.91798 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.54 | 7.77 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 8.31 | 1.99 | 1.10 | 4.01 | 5.94 | 1.92 | 13.06 | 31.35 | 6.05 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 65.43 | 5.70 | 1.48 | 4.60 | 9.22 | 2.82 | 15.19 | 33.93 | 11.69 | 6.16 | 0.37 | 1.15 | 1.68 | 2.02 | 96.00 | 20494.4 | 2477.5 | 10367.7 | 90.2 | 250.4 | 917.7 | 362.1 |
| Bulk 8 | 1.00 | 2022-05-06T12:04:00 | 78.92223 | 12.11632 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 1.29 | 0.79 | 1.25 | 0.92 | 1.23 | 1.66 | 4.01 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 12.14 | 0.31 | 0.11 | 0.37 | 0.81 | 0.16 | 1.28 | 10.52 | 1.65 | 0.54 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 15.75 | 20402.1 | 2942.9 | 10885.4 | 70.4 | 311.3 | 949.8 | 2093.9 |
| SML 8 | 0.00 | 2022-05-06T12:04:00 | 78.92223 | 12.11632 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.10 | 1.59 | 0.93 | 2.04 | 2.00 | 1.49 | 4.40 | 12.17 | 1.43 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 26.06 | 0.62 | 0.21 | 0.53 | 1.05 | 0.46 | 2.10 | 15.94 | 2.71 | 1.12 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 24.74 | 22118.0 | 2669.1 | 11104.4 | 101.1 | 527.5 | 942.2 | 313.0 |
| Bulk 9 | 1.00 | 2022-05-06T12:36:00 | 78.93475 | 12.15562 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.32 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.32 | 1.23 | 0.89 | 1.29 | 1.23 | 1.61 | 2.51 | 4.28 | 1.52 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 14.56 | 0.37 | 0.14 | 0.44 | 0.89 | 0.22 | 1.58 | 24.66 | 2.80 | 0.90 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 32.00 | 20864.2 | 2401.9 | 11012.8 | 78.9 | 430.8 | 912.7 | 930.4 |
| SML 9 | 0.00 | 2022-05-06T12:36:00 | 78.93475 | 12.15562 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.13 | 1.46 | 1.03 | 2.29 | 2.37 | 1.91 | 5.31 | 10.24 | 1.71 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 26.34 | 0.59 | 0.17 | 0.50 | 0.91 | 0.37 | 1.88 | 21.17 | 2.63 | 1.06 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 29.40 | 20811.6 | 2462.2 | 10324.6 | 100.7 | 584.0 | 1010.6 | 407.5 |
| Bulk 10 | 1.00 | 2022-05-11T11:45:00 | 78.98002 | 12.34102 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.89 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.89 | 1.29 | 0.96 | 1.29 | 1.25 | 1.26 | 3.02 | 6.24 | 1.51 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 16.83 | 0.27 | 0.08 | 0.21 | 0.37 | 0.13 | 0.66 | 4.37 | 1.60 | 0.35 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 8.04 | 24655.4 | 4046.4 | 11854.8 | 210.4 | 995.7 | 1015.9 | 485.5 |
| SML 10 | 0.00 | 2022-05-11T11:45:00 | 78.98002 | 12.34102 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.52 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.52 | 1.66 | 0.94 | 1.67 | 1.70 | 1.39 | 3.53 | 24.27 | 1.92 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 37.08 | 0.49 | 0.15 | 0.34 | 0.67 | 0.34 | 1.41 | 9.27 | 1.91 | 0.69 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 15.27 | 16609.4 | 1882.3 | 8372.7 | 54.0 | 206.9 | 672.0 | 234.6 |
| Bulk 11 | 1.00 | 2022-05-12T13:46:00 | 78.90010 | 12.34125 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.44 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.44 | 1.53 | 1.00 | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.55 | 2.45 | 3.78 | 1.20 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 14.40 | 0.34 | 0.10 | 0.26 | 0.55 | 0.17 | 0.82 | 6.06 | 1.56 | 0.38 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.23 | 24491.4 | 3203.0 | 12493.1 | 84.8 | 484.9 | 961.7 | 333.5 |
| SML 11 | 0.00 | 2022-05-12T13:46:00 | 78.90010 | 12.34125 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.65 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.65 | 1.56 | 1.06 | 1.76 | 1.35 | 1.56 | 3.28 | 9.56 | 1.44 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 21.57 | 0.36 | 0.10 | 0.28 | 0.51 | 0.22 | 0.87 | 7.57 | 2.78 | 0.62 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 13.31 | 20743.2 | 2599.8 | 10632.1 | 100.5 | 338.3 | 915.6 | 277.4 |