Citation:

PANGAEA.982517

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and primary production of Eukaryotic phytoplankton in the tropical and subtropical oceans
Published: 2025-05-15
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Laboratory experiment; Macro-nutrients; North Pacific; Open ocean; Pelagos; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Temperate; Tropical

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Published: 2025-05-15 • DOI registered: 2025-06-13

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Abstract:

Here, we investigate the responses of phytoplankton community composition and productivity to acidification across the western North Pacific. In this six-year study, we conducted 48 onboard microcosm CO2 enrichment experiments (10 to 20 L volume; ~3 d durations) at 45 stations throughout the western North Pacific, spanning the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre and the northern South China Sea to the west, as well as the North Pacific Transition Zone at the northern boundary.

This dataset is included in the OA-ICC data compilation maintained in the framework of the IAEA Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (see https://oa-icc.ipsl.fr). Original data were extracted from tables in the related paper (see Related to) by the OA-ICC data curator. In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2024) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2025-05-12.

Comment "T" for pH value means these pHT values were converted from electrode-based pH measurements using a calibration relationship established between electrode-based and spectrophotometric measurements within the pH range of 7.4–8.4.

Keyword(s):

Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Laboratory experiment; Macro-nutrients; North Pacific; Open ocean; Pelagos; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Temperate; Tropical

Related to:

Dai, Rongbo; Wen, Zuozhu; Hong, Haizheng; Browning, Thomas J; Hu, Xiaohua; Chen, Ze; Liu, Xin; Dai, Minhan; Morel, Francois M M; Shi, Dalin (2025): Eukaryotic phytoplankton drive a decrease in primary production in response to elevated CO 2 in the tropical and subtropical oceans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 122(11), e2423680122, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2423680122

References:

Nisumaa, Anne-Marin; Pesant, Stephane; Bellerby, Richard G J; Delille, Bruno; Middelburg, Jack J; Orr, James C; Riebesell, Ulf; Tyrrell, Toby; Wolf-Gladrow, Dieter A; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2010): EPOCA/EUR-OCEANS data compilation on the biological and biogeochemical responses to ocean acidification. Earth System Science Data, 2(2), 167-175, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-167-2010

Yang, Yan; Brockmann, Patrick; Galdino, Carolina; Schindler, Uwe; Gazeau, Frédéric (2024): An update of data compilation on the biological response to ocean acidification and overview of the OA-ICC data portal. Earth System Science Data, 16(8), 3771-3780, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3771-2024

Yang, Yan; Hansson, L; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2016): Data compilation on the biological response to ocean acidification: an update. Earth System Science Data, 8(1), 79-87, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-79-2016

Related code / software:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James; Gentili, Bernard; Hagens, Mathilde; Hofmann, Andreas; Mueller, Jens-Daniel; Proye, Aurélien; Rae, James; Soetaert, Karline (2024): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.3.3. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seacarb/index.html

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 20.092000 * Median Longitude: 133.162000 * South-bound Latitude: 11.000000 * West-bound Longitude: 112.700000 * North-bound Latitude: 41.500000 * East-bound Longitude: 158.400000

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type of study	Study type		Morel, Francois M M
2	Experiment number	Exp no		Morel, Francois M M
3	Ocean and sea region	OS region		Morel, Francois M M
4	Station label	Station		Morel, Francois M M
5	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Morel, Francois M M		Geocode
6	LATITUDE	Latitude		Morel, Francois M M		Geocode
7	Treatment	Treat		Morel, Francois M M		Nutrient amendment
8	Relative change	Rel chn		Morel, Francois M M		primary production
9	Relative change	Rel chn		Morel, Francois M M		Prochlorococcus abundance
10	Relative change	Rel chn		Morel, Francois M M		Synechococcus abundance
11	Relative change	Rel chn		Morel, Francois M M		small eukaryotic phytoplankton abundance
12	Chlorophyll a	Chl a	µg/l	Morel, Francois M M		Ambient
13	Chlorophyll a, standard deviation	Chl a std dev	±	Morel, Francois M M
14	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Morel, Francois M M
15	Salinity	Sal		Morel, Francois M M
16	pH, total scale	pHT		Morel, Francois M M
17	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Morel, Francois M M		total scale
18	Comment	Comment		Morel, Francois M M
19	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Morel, Francois M M
20	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Morel, Francois M M
21	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Morel, Francois M M
22	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Morel, Francois M M
23	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Morel, Francois M M
24	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Morel, Francois M M
25	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
31	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
33	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1465 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Study type	2 Exp no	3 OS region	4 Station	5 Longitude	6 Latitude	7 Treat (Nutrient amendment)	8 Rel chn (primary production)	9 Rel chn (Prochlorococcus abundance)	10 Rel chn (Synechococcus abundance)	11 Rel chn (small eukaryotic phytoplankto...)	12 Chl a [µg/l] (Ambient)	13 Chl a std dev [±]	14 Temp [°C]	15 Sal	16 pHT	17 pH std dev [±] (total scale)	18 Comment	19 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	20 pCO2 std dev [±]	21 DIC [µmol/kg]	22 DIC std dev [±]	23 AT [µmol/kg]	24 AT std dev [±]	25 CSC flag	26 CO2 [µmol/kg]	27 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	28 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	29 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	30 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	31 AT [µmol/kg]	32 Omega Arg	33 Omega Cal
laboratory	1	South China Sea	S1	112.7	18.3	No addition	-0.09				0.10	0.05	29.7508	34.0373	7.97	0.00	T	468	7	1936	30	2213	33	9	11.56	489.63	491.04	1713.66	210.78	2222.63	3.65	5.44
laboratory	2	South China Sea	S2	115.0	18.0	No addition	-0.27				0.15	0.06	29.6600	33.8000	7.96	0.01	T	501	17	2021	68	2300	76	9	12.45	524.47	525.98	1795.08	213.47	2306.92	3.69	5.51
laboratory	3	South China Sea	S3	116.3	20.8	No addition	-0.31				0.19	0.02	29.4165	34.5223	7.81	0.00	T	750	16	2073	45	2259	48	9	18.38	785.11	787.35	1892.23	162.39	2281.19	2.83	4.22
laboratory	4	South China Sea	S4	115.3	14.9	No addition	-0.11	-0.45	0.40	-0.49	0.12	0.02	28.4900	33.5000	7.87	0.04	T	622	60	1981	3	2190	23	9	15.63	650.28	652.16	1798.51	166.86	2199.49	2.90	4.35
laboratory	5	South China Sea	S5	115.4	16.5	No addition	-0.19	-0.30	0.04	-0.36	0.12	0.01	27.9600	33.6400	7.83	0.01	T	701	19	1989	4	2177	1	9	17.40	724.33	726.43	1819.07	152.53	2185.03	2.66	4.00
laboratory	6	South China Sea	S6	116.0	17.0	No addition	0.04	1.19	0.95	0.25	0.18	0.04	27.8886	33.3321	7.86	0.02	T	628	34	1957	5	2159	17	9	16.01	661.75	663.66	1782.84	158.15	2162.97	2.75	4.14
laboratory	7	South China Sea	S7	116.7	16.7	No addition	-0.24	0.14	0.23	-0.35	0.07	0.01	29.4185	33.5412	7.82	0.02	T	701	36	1980	1	2164	9	9	17.44	729.69	731.80	1809.08	153.47	2179.70	2.65	3.97
laboratory	8	South China Sea	S8	116.8	18.5	No addition	-0.12				0.13	0.01	29.8300	33.6500	7.84	0.00	T	629	16	1876	45	2064	48	9	15.62	656.10	657.99	1706.58	153.80	2081.84	2.65	3.96
laboratory	9	South China Sea	S9	117.0	19.0	No addition	-0.01	0.93	1.39	0.52	0.22	0.03	29.4600	33.8000	7.85	0.00	T	649	4	1974	7	2172	8	9	16.06	675.79	677.74	1793.25	164.69	2190.78	2.85	4.26
laboratory	10	South China Sea	S10	116.0	18.0	No addition	-0.14	0.02	0.64	-0.03	0.12	0.01	30.2900	33.4600	7.89	0.08		693	148	2047	39	2252	1	9	15.01	629.67	631.50	1844.53	187.46	2295.11	3.22	4.81
laboratory	11	South China Sea	S11	118.3	21.3	No addition	-0.20	0.70	0.07	0.16	0.20	0.00	28.4333	33.7959	7.81	0.01		863	10	2114	4	2283	7	9	19.24	805.64	807.96	1936.84	157.92	2312.78	2.75	4.12
laboratory	12	South China Sea	S12	120.0	20.5	No addition	-0.10	-0.04	0.22	0.21	0.10	0.00	29.2000	33.6500	7.80	0.02		901	49	2082	14	2238	6	9	19.28	807.60	809.93	1908.39	154.33	2277.83	2.67	4.00
laboratory	13	South China Sea	S13	118.6	20.4	No addition	-0.28	-0.12	0.13	-0.01	0.11	0.02	30.3700	33.5200	7.82	0.00		819	11	2070	10	2243	9	9	18.02	757.13	759.32	1887.99	163.99	2282.32	2.82	4.20
laboratory	14	South China Sea	S14	114.5	21.0	No addition	-0.16	0.00	0.04	-0.15	0.15	0.06	30.1414	32.9863	7.85	0.00		723	7	2074	3	2272	1	9	16.99	704.68	706.73	1885.78	171.23	2296.89	2.93	4.39
laboratory	15	South China Sea	S14	114.5	21.0	No addition	-0.23	0.00	0.13	0.01	0.16	0.04	30.1414	32.9863	7.85	0.00		734	10	2070	0	2264	3	9	16.96	703.32	705.37	1882.14	170.90	2292.59	2.93	4.38
laboratory	16	South China Sea	S14	114.5	21.0	No addition	-0.10	0.00	0.20	0.01	0.09	0.01	30.1414	32.9863	7.81	0.01		726	11	2043	1	2216	3	9	18.47	766.08	768.31	1869.70	154.83	2242.81	2.65	3.97
laboratory	17	South China Sea	S15	115.1	19.8	No addition	-0.04	0.47	0.14	-0.21	0.08	0.01	30.7364	34.0047	7.85	0.02		747	35	2094	16	2289	9	9	16.70	709.99	712.03	1896.12	181.19	2330.97	3.12	4.64
laboratory	18	South China Sea	S15	115.1	19.8	No addition	-0.16	0.17	0.02	-0.29	0.07	0.00	30.7364	34.0047	7.86	0.02		732	45	2100	4	2300	10	9	16.33	694.55	696.54	1898.07	185.60	2343.17	3.19	4.75
laboratory	19	South China Sea	S16	116.0	18.0	No addition	-0.28	0.13	0.32	-0.35	0.08	0.00	30.6909	33.9456	7.83	0.00		693	6	2035	40	2243	4	9	17.08	725.20	727.29	1849.67	168.25	2255.62	2.89	4.31
laboratory	20	South China Sea	S17	119.1	21.8	No addition	-0.11	0.24	0.05	-0.15	0.20	0.10	30.2585	33.8397	7.82	0.00		712	15	2085	11	2268	9	9	18.07	763.91	766.11	1900.45	166.48	2300.04	2.87	4.28
laboratory	21	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS1	124.8	20.3	No addition	-0.28	-0.06	0.05	-0.50	0.05	0.01	28.6969	34.4606	7.90	0.03		654	51	2078	8	2298	7	9	14.89	633.31	635.12	1869.77	193.33	2330.36	3.38	5.05
laboratory	22	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS2	125.8	20.0	No addition	-0.11	0.03	0.39	0.40	0.16	0.00	29.1226	34.7305	7.88	0.04		704	73	2096	24	2304	7	9	15.62	669.38	671.29	1889.88	190.50	2343.94	3.33	4.96
laboratory	23	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS3	135.0	17.2	No addition	-0.41	0.03	0.25	-0.30	0.05	0.00	29.8392	34.6283	7.90	0.02		651	35	2080	6	2301	5	9	14.63	627.86	629.65	1865.51	199.86	2343.37	3.47	5.17
laboratory	24	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS5	145.0	17.1	No addition	-0.33	0.07	-0.05	-0.27	0.04	0.01	29.8384	34.3541	7.88	0.04		690	72	2078	34	2287	47	9	15.45	659.07	660.95	1872.79	189.76	2326.93	3.29	4.90
laboratory	25	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS7	125.0	20.0	No addition	-0.44	0.04	0.01	-0.66	0.06	0.00	30.8898	34.6550	7.87	0.03		678	62	2163	25	2365	9	9	16.18	697.92	699.91	1946.75	200.07	2424.13	3.45	5.12
laboratory	26	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS8	132.7	11.9	No addition	-0.34	0.04	0.02	-0.31	0.06	0.01	30.1000	34.0000	7.84	0.01		724	21	2165	11	2353	9	9	17.84	756.21	758.39	1966.49	180.67	2396.97	3.12	4.65
laboratory	27	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS9	136.0	16.8	No addition	-0.04	-0.06	0.09	0.42	0.08	0.01	30.3683	34.5862	7.95	0.00		532	3	2083	4	2323	4	9	12.84	551.77	553.35	1845.63	224.53	2382.48	3.89	5.78
laboratory	28	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS10	140.0	20.0	No addition	-0.37	0.13	-0.16	-0.62	0.05	0.00	30.4401	34.8763	7.94	0.01		550	15	2123	4	2364	2	9	13.33	576.72	578.36	1883.09	226.58	2423.37	3.93	5.83
laboratory	29	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS11	150.0	25.0	No addition	-0.25	-0.55	-0.27	-0.69	0.05	0.01	29.7920	35.2404	7.85	0.01		726	27	2215	7	2410	2	9	17.46	758.81	760.96	2002.42	195.12	2464.69	3.41	5.06
laboratory	30	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS12	150.1	13.0	No addition	-0.37	-0.21	0.04	-0.44	0.05	0.00	29.5000	34.4200	7.84	0.01		729	18	2180	1	2369	6	9	17.96	765.96	768.15	1980.21	181.83	2412.01	3.16	4.71
laboratory	31	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS13	155.0	12.5	No addition	-0.39	0.27	-0.29	-0.20	0.04	0.00	29.2348	34.4262	7.83	0.01		738	9	2172	4	2357	4	9	18.40	783.99	786.23	1977.34	176.26	2395.89	3.07	4.58
laboratory	32	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS14	155.0	20.0	No addition	-0.50	0.85	-0.38	-0.51	0.06	0.01	30.0269	34.8398	7.85	0.04		705	71	2186	28	2384	11	9	17.31	746.77	748.89	1977.54	191.14	2431.80	3.32	4.94
laboratory	33	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS15	155.0	33.0	No addition	-0.14	0.00	-0.05	-0.16	0.08	0.00	27.5830	34.4790	7.85	0.00		715	8	2182	3	2375	2	9	17.98	760.75	762.93	1986.19	177.83	2405.59	3.12	4.70
laboratory	34	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS16	155.0	29.0	No addition	-0.20	-0.03	0.03	-0.17	0.07	0.02	29.2000	34.9600	7.82	0.01		776	23	2202	5	2382	0	9	18.94	816.04	818.36	2005.23	177.83	2426.52	3.11	4.63
laboratory	35	Subtropical Gyre-w	PW1	126.3	20.0	No addition	-0.20	0.02	-0.12	0.08	0.09	0.01	26.6000		7.81	0.01		763	21	2142	1	2323	7
laboratory	36	Subtropical Gyre-w	PW2	130.9	11.0	No addition	-0.25	0.08	-0.21	-0.16	0.09	0.00	28.8416	33.8380	7.84	0.02		695	30	2083	13	2274	6	9	17.50	734.83	736.95	1897.68	167.82	2298.38	2.91	4.37
laboratory	37	Subtropical Gyre-w	PW3	140.0	20.0	No addition	-0.21	-0.17	-0.03	-0.16	0.09	0.00	27.4000	35.2190	7.91	0.01		590	19	2108	4	2334	13	9	14.79	635.30	637.10	1894.32	198.89	2364.60	3.52	5.28
laboratory	38	Subtropical Gyre-w	PW4	150.0	25.0	No addition	-0.07	0.57	0.16	-0.23	0.10	0.01	25.8081	35.1118	7.83	0.02		762	37	2192	10	2374	10	9	19.24	818.31	820.63	2005.67	167.08	2397.04	2.98	4.50
laboratory	39	Subtropical Gyre-w	PW5	154.6	20.3	No addition	-0.10	-0.08	-0.24	-0.29	0.06	0.01	27.6150		7.85	0.01		690	16	2146	10	2342	7
laboratory	40	Subtropical Gyre-w	PW6	154.9	12.6	No addition	-0.07	-0.09	0.47	-0.19	0.07	0.01	28.1400		7.83	0.01		720	26	2114	3	2303	4
laboratory	41	Subtropical Gyre-w	PW7	155.0	20.3	No addition	-0.19	-0.56	-0.10	-0.11	0.10	0.01	27.8343	34.8535	7.81	0.01		725	18	2162	5	2350	1	9	19.45	830.80	833.16	1977.80	164.74	2367.53	2.90	4.35
laboratory	42	Subtropical Gyre-w	PW8	126.1	19.3	No addition	-0.11	0.23	0.10	0.02	0.10	0.01	25.8000	34.5460	7.78	0.00		785	7	2142	3	2311	2	9	21.47	902.17	904.74	1976.69	143.84	2315.26	2.55	3.86
laboratory	43	Transition Zone	K1	155.0	36.0	No addition	-0.05	-0.01	0.40	-0.11	0.23	0.01	20.6372	34.7218	7.81	0.01		640	12	2122	10	2294	10	9	21.41	881.36	883.87	1967.68	132.90	2274.19	2.41	3.76
laboratory	44	Transition Zone	K2	155.0	39.5	No addition	0.05	0.00	0.19	0.31	0.35	0.04	17.9957	34.3342	7.80	0.02		594	31	2142	13	2311	7	9	23.38	942.54	945.24	1998.72	119.90	2271.64	2.19	3.48
laboratory	45	Transition Zone	K3	155.0	41.5	No addition	0.06	0.00	0.10	0.25	0.28	0.00	16.2475	34.2731	7.80	0.01		537	16	2097	8	2266	6	9	23.70	945.90	948.61	1962.27	111.04	2213.44	2.05	3.29
laboratory	46	Transition Zone	K4	158.4	37.0	No addition	0.10	0.03	0.20	-0.02	0.18	0.01	20.3385	34.0982	7.82	0.00		620	6	2109	5	2283	4	9	21.12	856.25	858.71	1956.77	131.11	2259.01	2.37	3.71
laboratory	47	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS4	139.8	11.0	No addition	-0.41	0.25	-0.12	-0.37	0.04	0.00	29.7571	34.4131	7.85	0.00		758	7	2095	4	2286	7	9	16.78	716.54	718.59	1898.67	179.54	2328.02	3.11	4.64
laboratory		Subtropical Gyre-s	PS4	139.8	11.0	+Nitrate	0.06	0.03	0.14	-0.02	0.35	0.06	29.7571	34.4131	7.85	0.00		753	1	2096	9	2288	11	9	16.79	716.88	718.93	1899.58	179.63	2329.10	3.12	4.65
laboratory	48	Subtropical Gyre-s	PS6	155.0	11.0	No addition	-0.41	0.25	-0.35	-0.38	0.02	0.00	29.1366	34.4483	7.89	0.01		683	17	2076	8	2286	4	9	15.17	646.17	648.02	1869.80	191.03	2325.80	3.33	4.97
laboratory		Subtropical Gyre-s	PS6	155.0	11.0	+Nitrate	-0.08	-0.02	0.03	0.02	0.09	0.02	29.1366	34.4483	7.86	0.02		740	46	2095	14	2291	3	9	16.49	702.67	704.68	1897.58	180.93	2329.20	3.15	4.71