Villinger, Heinrich; Grevemeyer, Ingo; Kaul, Norbert; Singh, Satish C (2025): Heat flux results of RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM69 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980092, In: Villinger, H et al. (2025): Marine heat flux measurements of RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM69 [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980610
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Published: 2025-04-24 • DOI registered: 2025-05-23
Abstract:
The heat flux measurements presented in this report were made during expedition MSM69 on the German research vessel RV Maria S. Merian (November 14, 2017 to December 22, 2017). A total of 69 heat flux measurements (profile HF1760 to profile HF1767) were successfully carried out colocated with the iLAB reflexion seismic profile. The aim of the measurements was to investigate whether low-temperature hydrothermal fluids diffuse at the seafloor where the oceanic basement is not covered by sediments. While low heat flux measurements clearly show that cold seawater enters the subsurface, no diffuse leakage of hydrothermal fluids could be detected at any location.
References:
Grevemeyer, Ingo; Singh, Satish C; Villinger, Heinrich; Papenberg, Cord; Kaul, Norbert (2019): LITHOS-iLAB - Structure and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere, Cruise No. MSM69, 14.11.2017 - 22.12.2017, Mindelo/Praia (Cape Verdes) - Mindelo (Cape Verdes). MARIA S. MERIAN-Berichte, Gutachterpanel Forschungsschiffe, MSM69, 62 pp, https://doi.org/10.2312/cr_msm69
Mehouachi, Fares; Singh, Satish C (2018): Water-rich sublithospheric melt channel in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Nature Geoscience, 11(1), 65-69, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-017-0034-z
Villinger, Heinrich; Tréhu, Anne M; Grevemeyer, Ingo (2010): 18. Seafloor Marine Heat Flux Measurements and Estimation of Heat Flux from Seismic Observations of Bottom Simulating Reflectors. In: Riedel, M, Willoughby, EC, Chopra, S (eds.), Geophysical Characterization of Gas Hydrates, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 279-300, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.9781560802197.ch18
Further details:
Villinger, Heinrich; Grevemeyer, Ingo; Kaul, Norbert; Singh, Satish C (2025): Report on marine heat flux measurements made during research cruise MSM69 (LITHOS) on the German RV Maria S. Merian. MSM69_Heat_Flux_Report.pdf
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -0.521893 * Median Longitude: -0.648298 * South-bound Latitude: -0.872300 * West-bound Longitude: -0.978000 * North-bound Latitude: -0.175983 * East-bound Longitude: -0.296983
Date/Time Start: 2017-11-21T14:16:50 * Date/Time End: 2017-12-09T09:41:00
Minimum DEPTH, water: 3112 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 5176 m
Event(s):
MSM69_6-1 (HF1760) * Latitude Start: -0.872300 * Longitude Start: -3.940270 * Latitude End: -0.858300 * Longitude End: -3.878800 * Date/Time Start: 2017-11-21T11:45:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-11-21T23:07:00 * Elevation Start: -5132.0 m * Elevation End: -5141.1 m * Campaign: MSM69 * Basis: Maria S. Merian * Method/Device: Heat-Flow probe (HF) * Comment: in the water
MSM69_19-1 (HF1761) * Latitude Start: -1.261850 * Longitude Start: -5.664970 * Latitude End: -1.243820 * Longitude End: -5.585750 * Date/Time Start: 2017-11-22T10:38:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-11-22T23:54:00 * Elevation Start: -5162.0 m * Elevation End: -5087.1 m * Campaign: MSM69 * Basis: Maria S. Merian * Method/Device: Heat-Flow probe (HF) * Comment: in the water
MSM69_42-2 (HF1762) * Latitude Start: -1.869710 * Longitude Start: -8.367350 * Latitude End: -1.853850 * Longitude End: -8.296990 * Date/Time Start: 2017-11-23T20:57:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-11-24T08:29:00 * Elevation Start: -1000.0 m * Elevation End: -4290.9 m * Campaign: MSM69 * Basis: Maria S. Merian * Method/Device: Heat-Flow probe (HF) * Comment: in the water
Comment:
used sensors: number of sensors used for calculation of heat flux
lower gradient: temperature gradient of lower sensors used for calculation of heat flux
k all mean: mean of all measured or interpolated values
k lower mean: mean of lower measured or interpolated values
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | Villinger, Heinrich | |||
| 2 | Station label | Station | Villinger, Heinrich | |||
| 3 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Villinger, Heinrich | Geocode | ||
| 4 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Villinger, Heinrich | Geocode | ||
| 5 | DEPTH, water | Depth water | m | Villinger, Heinrich | Geocode | |
| 6 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Villinger, Heinrich | Geocode | ||
| 7 | Sensor, counts | Sensor c | # | Villinger, Heinrich | used sensors | |
| 8 | Temperature gradient | T grad | mK/m | Villinger, Heinrich | lower gradient | |
| 9 | Conductivity, thermal | k | W/m/K | Villinger, Heinrich | all mean | |
| 10 | Conductivity, thermal | k | W/m/K | Villinger, Heinrich | lower mean | |
| 11 | Method comment | Method comm | Villinger, Heinrich | measured or interpolated | ||
| 12 | Heat flow | HF | mW/m2 | Villinger, Heinrich | Calculated | heat flux |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
488 data points
Data
| 1 Event | 2 Station | 3 Latitude | 4 Longitude | 5 Depth water [m] | 6 Date/Time | 7 Sensor c [#] (used sensors) | 8 T grad [mK/m] (lower gradient) | 9 k [W/m/K] (all mean) | 10 k [W/m/K] (lower mean) | 11 Method comm (measured or interpolated) | 12 HF [mW/m2] (heat flux) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSM69_6-1 | HF1760P01 | -0.8723000 | -0.9402833 | 5130 | 2017-11-21T14:16:50 | 10 | 99.1 | 0.81 | 0.80 | meas | 79.3 |
| MSM69_6-1 | HF1760P02 | -0.8703333 | -0.9315000 | 5134 | 2017-11-21T15:28:45 | 10 | 81.0 | 0.81 | 0.81 | int | 65.2 |
| MSM69_6-1 | HF1760P03 | -0.8683333 | -0.9226667 | 5139 | 2017-11-21T16:34:00 | 10 | 71.8 | 0.82 | 0.81 | int | 58.3 |
| MSM69_6-1 | HF1760P04 | -0.8664000 | -0.9139333 | 5138 | 2017-11-21T17:35:05 | 10 | 89.8 | 0.83 | 0.82 | meas | 73.5 |
| MSM69_6-1 | HF1760P05 | -0.8643000 | -0.9051000 | 5138 | 2017-11-21T18:52:10 | 20 | 88.5 | 0.87 | 0.87 | meas | 76.7 |
| MSM69_6-1 | HF1760P06 | -0.8622833 | -0.8963333 | 5139 | 2017-11-21T20:06:25 | 20 | 64.9 | 0.86 | 0.86 | int | 55.6 |
| MSM69_6-1 | HF1760P07 | -0.8603000 | -0.8875667 | 5136 | 2017-11-21T21:18:35 | 19 | 64.2 | 0.85 | 0.85 | meas | 54.6 |
| MSM69_6-1 | HF1760P08 | -0.8583333 | -0.8788333 | 5138 | 2017-11-21T22:33:55 | 19 | 62.0 | 0.84 | 0.84 | int | 52.2 |
| MSM69_19-1 | HF1761P01 | -0.2618667 | -0.6649667 | 5161 | 2017-11-22T13:04:50 | 10 | 57.9 | 0.90 | 0.93 | meas | 53.5 |
| MSM69_19-1 | HF1761P02 | -0.2598667 | -0.6562000 | 5162 | 2017-11-22T14:25:00 | 18 | 66.7 | 0.90 | 0.91 | int | 60.5 |
| MSM69_19-1 | HF1761P03 | -0.2578500 | -0.6474167 | 5168 | 2017-11-22T15:33:44 | 19 | 40.3 | 0.89 | 0.89 | meas | 36.0 |
| MSM69_19-1 | HF1761P04 | -0.2558500 | -0.6386167 | 5166 | 2017-11-22T16:45:59 | 8 | 49.1 | 0.92 | 0.92 | int | 45.1 |
| MSM69_19-1 | HF1761P05 | -0.2539000 | -0.6297833 | 5176 | 2017-11-22T17:46:40 | 20 | 47.5 | 0.94 | 0.94 | meas | 44.8 |
| MSM69_19-1 | HF1761P06 | -0.2518000 | -0.6209000 | 5173 | 2017-11-22T18:56:30 | 8 | 40.5 | 0.94 | 0.96 | int | 38.9 |
| MSM69_19-1 | HF1761P07 | -0.2497833 | -0.6121167 | 5172 | 2017-11-22T20:01:50 | 8 | 38.9 | 0.93 | 0.98 | meas | 38.1 |
| MSM69_19-1 | HF1761P08 | -0.2478000 | -0.6033333 | 5168 | 2017-11-22T21:14:40 | 5 | 63.3 | 0.97 | 1.00 | int | 63.6 |
| MSM69_19-1 | HF1761P09 | -0.2458333 | -0.5945333 | 5176 | 2017-11-22T22:19:20 | 20 | 142.0 | 1.00 | 1.03 | int | 146.1 |
| MSM69_19-1 | HF1761P10 | -0.2438167 | -0.5857500 | 5165 | 2017-11-22T23:15:30 | 18 | 272.7 | 1.03 | 1.05 | meas | 287.4 |
| MSM69_42-2 | HF1762P01 | -0.8697000 | -0.3673500 | 4504 | 2017-11-23T23:14:20 | 15 | 23.6 | 0.99 | 1.03 | int | 24.2 |
| MSM69_42-2 | HF1762P02 | -0.8677333 | -0.3585667 | 4498 | 2017-11-24T00:19:00 | 15 | 25.7 | 0.96 | 1.00 | int | 25.6 |
| MSM69_42-2 | HF1762P03 | -0.8657167 | -0.3481000 | 4338 | 2017-11-24T01:33:00 | 10 | 172.8 | 0.93 | 0.96 | int | 166.8 |
| MSM69_42-2 | HF1762P04 | -0.8638167 | -0.3410833 | 4329 | 2017-11-24T02:45:50 | 10 | 41.4 | 0.91 | 0.94 | meas | 39.1 |
| MSM69_42-2 | HF1762P05 | -0.8618333 | -0.3322833 | 4365 | 2017-11-24T04:02:10 | 12 | 31.3 | 0.89 | 0.92 | int | 28.6 |
| MSM69_42-2 | HF1762P06 | -0.8598333 | -0.3235000 | 4395 | 2017-11-24T05:11:00 | 8 | 30.1 | 0.86 | 0.89 | meas | 26.7 |
| MSM69_42-2 | HF1762P07 | -0.8578000 | -0.3145667 | 4400 | 2017-11-24T06:14:40 | 8 | 30.9 | 0.87 | 0.90 | int | 27.8 |
| MSM69_42-2 | HF1762P08 | -0.8558333 | -0.3058000 | 4390 | 2017-11-24T07:10:20 | 8 | 33.3 | 0.87 | 0.91 | int | 30.3 |
| MSM69_42-2 | HF1762P09 | -0.8538333 | -0.2969833 | 4284 | 2017-11-24T08:01:50 | 9 | 59.8 | 0.88 | 0.92 | meas | 55.1 |
| MSM69_79-1 | HF1764P01 | -0.2408667 | -0.5765500 | 5107 | 2017-12-04T08:15:20 | 19 | 40.4 | 0.90 | 0.94 | int | 37.9 |
| MSM69_79-1 | HF1764P02 | -0.2315833 | -0.5787167 | 5161 | 2017-12-04T09:26:20 | 9 | 35.8 | 0.89 | 0.92 | meas | 33.0 |
| MSM69_79-1 | HF1764P03 | -0.2222833 | -0.5809167 | 5169 | 2017-12-04T11:03:50 | 9 | 22.9 | 0.90 | 0.94 | int | 21.5 |
| MSM69_79-1 | HF1764P04 | -0.2130167 | -0.5831500 | 5171 | 2017-12-04T12:27:00 | 8 | 16.4 | 0.90 | 0.94 | int | 15.4 |
| MSM69_79-1 | HF1764P05 | -0.2037333 | -0.5854167 | 5170 | 2017-12-04T13:44:50 | 8 | 17.2 | 0.91 | 0.95 | meas | 16.4 |
| MSM69_79-1 | HF1764P06 | -0.1944833 | -0.5876500 | 5171 | 2017-12-04T15:09:00 | 8 | 18.0 | 0.90 | 0.94 | int | 16.9 |
| MSM69_79-1 | HF1764P07 | -0.1852500 | -0.5900500 | 5164 | 2017-12-04T16:16:20 | 9 | 24.6 | 0.90 | 0.94 | int | 23.1 |
| MSM69_79-1 | HF1764P08 | -0.1759833 | -0.5922667 | 5163 | 2017-12-04T17:28:10 | 9 | 30.7 | 0.90 | 0.94 | int | 28.8 |
| MSM69_80-1 | HF1765P01 | -0.7166833 | -0.6695333 | 4821 | 2017-12-05T23:51:20 | 9 | 15.1 | 0.80 | 0.81 | int | 12.2 |
| MSM69_80-1 | HF1765P02 | -0.7146333 | -0.6605667 | 4796 | 2017-12-06T00:58:10 | 14 | 25.8 | 0.80 | 0.81 | meas | 21.0 |
| MSM69_80-1 | HF1765P03 | -0.7126667 | -0.6517500 | 4651 | 2017-12-06T02:10:10 | 5 | 99.1 | 0.81 | 0.82 | int | 81.3 |
| MSM69_80-1 | HF1765P04 | -0.7108000 | -0.6429667 | 4635 | 2017-12-06T03:16:40 | 14 | 19.1 | 0.81 | 0.83 | int | 15.8 |
| MSM69_80-1 | HF1765P05 | -0.7088333 | -0.6341167 | 4594 | 2017-12-06T04:22:00 | 9 | 20.5 | 0.81 | 0.83 | meas | 17.1 |
| MSM69_80-1 | HF1765P06 | -0.7068833 | -0.6252333 | 4550 | 2017-12-06T05:43:40 | 10 | 16.8 | 0.81 | 0.83 | int | 14.0 |
| MSM69_80-1 | HF1765P07 | -0.7048000 | -0.6163167 | 4635 | 2017-12-06T06:53:10 | 8 | 57.2 | 0.81 | 0.83 | int | 47.4 |
| MSM69_80-1 | HF1765P08 | -0.7028167 | -0.6074500 | 4656 | 2017-12-06T08:06:30 | 8 | 12.1 | 0.81 | 0.82 | meas | 10.0 |
| MSM69_80-1 | HF1765P09 | -0.7008500 | -0.5986167 | 4595 | 2017-12-06T09:23:20 | 10 | 17.3 | 0.83 | 0.85 | int | 14.8 |
| MSM69_80-1 | HF1765P10 | -0.6988667 | -0.5897667 | 4512 | 2017-12-06T10:22:50 | 13 | 18.8 | 0.85 | 0.88 | meas | 16.7 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P01 | -0.2351833 | -0.9780000 | 3823 | 2017-12-07T16:15:35 | 8 | 34.5 | 0.94 | 0.93 | int | 32.0 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P02 | -0.2331833 | -0.9692333 | 3826 | 2017-12-07T17:17:50 | 18 | 28.1 | 0.93 | 0.94 | meas | 26.4 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P03 | -0.2311333 | -0.9603333 | 3859 | 2017-12-07T18:23:45 | 8 | 34.1 | 0.93 | 0.95 | int | 32.3 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P04 | -0.2291667 | -0.9514000 | 3871 | 2017-12-07T19:24:00 | 8 | 32.1 | 0.93 | 0.96 | meas | 30.7 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P05 | -0.2272000 | -0.9427833 | 3887 | 2017-12-07T20:34:50 | 8 | 35.4 | 0.92 | 0.95 | int | 33.8 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P06 | -0.2252333 | -0.9340000 | 3890 | 2017-12-07T21:37:30 | 8 | 39.3 | 0.92 | 0.95 | int | 37.5 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P07 | -0.2232500 | -0.9252167 | 3894 | 2017-12-07T22:43:15 | 7 | 38.5 | 0.92 | 0.95 | meas | 36.7 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P08 | -0.2212667 | -0.9164167 | 3896 | 2017-12-07T23:51:50 | 20 | 54.7 | 0.91 | 0.95 | int | 51.8 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P09 | -0.2193000 | -0.9076500 | 3907 | 2017-12-08T00:49:10 | 8 | 31.5 | 0.91 | 0.94 | int | 29.7 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P10 | -0.2173833 | -0.8989833 | 3901 | 2017-12-08T01:47:20 | 9 | 37.8 | 0.90 | 0.94 | meas | 35.5 |
| MSM69_81-1 | HF1766P11 | -0.2154333 | -0.8902000 | 3902 | 2017-12-08T02:49:00 | 7 | 36.1 | 0.90 | 0.94 | int | 33.8 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P01 | -0.5893333 | -0.5635167 | 3215 | 2017-12-08T23:57:30 | 3 | 74.9 | 1.00 | 1.04 | int | 78.0 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P02 | -0.5882500 | -0.5590167 | 3227 | 2017-12-09T00:37:20 | 13 | 61.4 | 1.00 | 1.04 | meas | 64.0 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P03 | -0.5873500 | -0.5547333 | 3229 | 2017-12-09T01:30:20 | 8 | 63.0 | 1.00 | 1.04 | int | 65.7 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P04 | -0.5863667 | -0.5503500 | 3211 | 2017-12-09T02:09:40 | 12 | 113.8 | 1.01 | 1.04 | int | 118.7 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P05 | -0.5853833 | -0.5459500 | 3242 | 2017-12-09T02:48:10 | 12 | 85.2 | 1.01 | 1.04 | meas | 88.9 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P06 | -0.5844000 | -0.5415667 | 3285 | 2017-12-09T03:37:30 | 20 | 150.1 | 1.01 | 1.04 | int | 156.1 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P07 | -0.5833833 | -0.5371667 | 3391 | 2017-12-09T04:28:27 | 5 | 65.3 | 1.01 | 1.04 | int | 67.7 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P08 | -0.5824000 | -0.5327667 | 3386 | 2017-12-09T05:13:55 | 7 | 44.0 | 1.01 | 1.03 | meas | 45.4 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P09 | -0.5813667 | -0.5282667 | 3378 | 2017-12-09T06:02:00 | 8 | 35.1 | 1.01 | 1.03 | int | 36.1 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P10 | -0.5803667 | -0.5238500 | 3240 | 2017-12-09T06:34:25 | 8 | 40.7 | 1.01 | 1.03 | int | 41.8 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P12 | -0.5783667 | -0.5151000 | 3112 | 2017-12-09T08:12:55 | 5 | 66.6 | 1.00 | 1.02 | int | 67.9 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P13 | -0.5774000 | -0.5106833 | 3191 | 2017-12-09T08:56:40 | 20 | 173.5 | 1.00 | 1.02 | int | 176.5 |
| MSM69_82-1 | HF1767P14 | -0.5764000 | -0.5063000 | 3200 | 2017-12-09T09:41:00 | 10 | 104.4 | 1.00 | 1.01 | int | 105.8 |
| Remarks | |||||||||||
| col 6: number of sensors used for calculation of heat flux | |||||||||||
| col 7: temperature gradient of lower sensors used for calculation of heat flux | |||||||||||
| col 8: mean of all measured or interpolated values | |||||||||||
| col 9: mean of lower measured or interpolated values |