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Schouten, Stan Jonah; Zahajská, Petra; Schmidhauser, Noé; Lami, Andrea; van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F N; Boltshauser-Kaltenrieder, Petra; Vogel, Hendrik; Grosjean, Martin (2025): Pigments, sequential extraction, and CNS measurements of Amsoldingersee sediment core, Switzerland [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.975327 (DOI registration in progress)

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Published: 2025-04-15

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Abstract:
This table contains all low-resolution data accompanying Schouten et al., 2025 in prep. All analytical data were attained from a sediment core taken in Amsoldingersee (46°43'N; 07°34'E; 641 m.a.s.l.); endorheic, small (38 ha; 13 m deep) lake in the Aare valley, located in the Swiss Plateau. The data was collected to get a comprehensive understanding of the interaction between, algal communities, anoxia, temperature and total trophic productivity in the timeframe 11 ka BP - 17 ka BP. The age-depth relationship is established with a Bayesian model blending 9 14C dates, 3 biostratigraphical markers, and the Laacher see ash layer.
The data contains sequentially extracted fractions of P, Fe and Mn, pigment measurements, pollen and CNS data from 1-cm sediment subsamples. Data were attained between January-August 2023. Sediments were collected using a piston corer in 3m segments (UWITEC - style). The sediment cores were cut in 1m pieces and subsampled.
Pigments were extracted from ~1 ml (~1.2 g) of wet bulk sediment using 2.5 ml of 100 % HPLC-grade acetone. 100 μl of pigment extract was analysed using reverse-phase HPLC (Thermo Scientific Dionex Ultimate 3000 series), a reverse-phase C18-ODS-column (Agilent Omnisphere-5) and a Diode Array Detector (DAD-3000(RS)). Pigment data includes both photopigments (e.g. Chl-a etc.) and carotenoid biomarkers (e.g. Alloxanthin). The chromatogram peaks were integrated in Chromeleon 7.2. The peak areas were calibrated to nmol using pre-determined HPLC-system-specific linear regression coefficients. We used a non-target approach and named unknown carotenoids according to their retention times (e.g. car-21.2 occurs at 21.2 minutes after injection). We classified green pigments more polar than Chl a as pheophorbides-x.x.x; green pigments less polar than Chl a as pheophytins-x; and green pigments less polar than β-carotene as pyropheophytins-x.
Five to eight milligrams of homogenised freeze-dried sediment were combusted in tin capsules to determine TC, TN and TS with a vario cube (Elementar). TOC was measured by combusting pre-acidified sediment in tin-packed silver capsules. TIC was calculated as TC minus TOC.
For the sequential extraction of P, Mn and Fe, we used the extraction protocol of Lukkari et al. (2007) to obtain five fractions of P, Mn and Fe. P, Fe and Mn of all five fractions were measured using ICP-MS
Keyword(s):
Amsoldingersee; Lake sediment; Pigments; Sequential extraction; Switzerland; TN; TOC
References:
Lukkari, Kaarina; Hartikainen, Helinä; Leivuori, Mirja (2007): Fractionation of sediment phosphorus revisited. I: Fractionation steps and their biogeochemical basis. Limnology and Oceanography-Methods, 5(12), 433-444, https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2007.5.433
Coverage:
Latitude: 46.725322 * Longitude: 7.575900
Date/Time Start: 2024-11-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2024-11-01T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 4.877 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 5.797 m
Event(s):
AMS22-COMP1 (Lake Amsoldingen) * Latitude: 46.725322 * Longitude: 7.575900 * Elevation: 641.0 m * Lake water depth: 13 m * Location: Swiss Plateau * Method/Device: Piston corer (PC)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1Calendar age, minimum/youngCal age minka BPSchouten, Stan JonahAge model, Bacon (Blaauw & Christen, 2011)
2Calendar age, maximum/oldCal age maxka BPSchouten, Stan JonahAge model, Bacon (Blaauw & Christen, 2011)
3Calendar age, medianCal age medianka BPSchouten, Stan JonahAge model, Bacon (Blaauw & Christen, 2011)
4Calendar age, meanCal age meanka BPSchouten, Stan JonahAge model, Bacon (Blaauw & Christen, 2011)
5DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmSchouten, Stan JonahGeocode
6Age, datedAge datedka BPSchouten, Stan JonahAge, radiocarbon
7Age, dated, uncertaintyAge dated unc±Schouten, Stan JonahAge, radiocarbon
8Arboreal pollenAP%van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F NCounting, palynology; from the main species expressed in in percentage of total counts
9Non arboreal pollenNAP%van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F NCounting, palynology; from the main species expressed in in percentage of total counts
10BetulaBetula%van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F NCounting, palynology; from the main species expressed in in percentage of total counts
11JuniperusJun%van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F NCounting, palynology; from the main species expressed in in percentage of total counts
12Pinus subgen. PinusPinus s/g Pinus%van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F NCounting, palynology; from the main species expressed in in percentage of total counts
13ArtemisiaArtemisia%van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F NCounting, palynology; from the main species expressed in in percentage of total counts
14MoistureMoisture%Schouten, Stan Jonahof wet weight
15Nitrogen, totalTN%Schouten, Stan Jonahof dry weight
16Sulfur, totalTS%Schouten, Stan Jonahof dry weight
17Carbon, inorganic, totalTIC%Schouten, Stan Jonahof dry weight
18Carbon, organic, totalTOC%Schouten, Stan Jonahof dry weight
19Carbon/Nitrogen ratioC/NSchouten, Stan Jonahof dry weight
20Phosphorus, fractionatedP fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentRedox sensitive P; P-F2
21Phosphorus, fractionatedP fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentOrganic bound P; P-F3
22Phosphorus, fractionatedP fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentApatitic P; P-F4
23Phosphorus, fractionatedP fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentResidual P; P-F5
24Manganese, fractionatedMn fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentPorewater Mn; Mn-F1
25Manganese, fractionatedMn fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentRedox sensitive Mn; Mn-F2
26Manganese, fractionatedMn fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentOrganic bound Mn; Mn-F3
27Manganese, fractionatedMn fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentCarbonaceous Mn; Mn-F4
28Manganese, fractionatedMn fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentPorewater Mn; Mn-F5
29Iron, fractionatedFe fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentPorewater Fe; Fe-F1
30Iron, fractionatedFe fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentRedox sensitive Fe; Fe-F2
31Iron, fractionatedFe fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentOrganic bound Fe; Fe-F3
32Iron, fractionatedFe fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentCarboneceous Fe; Fe-F4
33Iron, fractionatedFe fracµg/mgSchouten, Stan JonahSequential extraction; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), AgilentResidual Fe; Fe-F5
34Chloropigments aChloropigm aµg/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)Total chloropigments-a
35Bacteriochlorophyll aBChl aµg/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)Total bacteriochlorophyll-a pigments (per wet mass)
36Chlorophyll aChl anmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)Total Chlorophylls a (per wet mass)
37Phaeophorbide aPhaeopho anmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)Total Phaeophorbides-a (per wet mass)
38Phaeophytin aPhaeophytin anmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)Total Phaeophytin-a (per wet mass)
39Pyrophaeophytin aPyrophaeophytin anmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)Total Pyrophaeophytin-a (per wet mass)
40Green pigmentsGreen pigmnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
41BacteriopheophorbidebPhidenmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)Total bacteriopheophorbide-a (per wet mass)
42Chlorophyll/PhaeophytinChl/PhaeophytinSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)Chlorophyll preservation index; Chl_tot/Phaeophytin_tot
43Carotenoid pigmentsCarotenoid pigmnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)Total carotenoids (per wet mass)
44Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)45.09 min (per wet mass)
45Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)45.59 min (per wet mass)
46OkenoneOkenmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
47SpheroideneSphenmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
48IsorenierateneIsornmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
49Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)56.42 min (per wet mass)
50OH-spheroideneOH-sphenmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
51Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)40.17 min (per wet mass)
52Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)48.23 min (per wet mass)
53Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)49.63 min (per wet mass)
54DiatoxanthinDiatoxnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
55Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)25.1 min (per wet mass)
56Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)24.6 min (per wet mass)
57Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)23.69 min (per wet mass)
58ChloroxanthinChloroxnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
59Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)47.92 min (per wet mass)
60alpha-Carotenea-Carnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
61beta-Caroteneb-Carnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
62Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)37.13 min (per wet mass)
63Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)35.56 min (per wet mass)
64Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)35.89 min (per wet mass)
65Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)16.79 min (per wet mass)
66LuteinLutnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
67DiadinoxanthinDiadinonmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
68Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)22.33 min (per wet mass)
69ZeaxanthinZeanmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
70Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)19.2 min (per wet mass)
71AstaceneAstacnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
72AstaxanthinAstaxnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
73Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)21.19 min (per wet mass)
74Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)21.79 min (per wet mass)
75AlloxanthinAlloxnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
76CanthaxanthinCanthaxnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
77gamma-Caroteneg-Carnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
78Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)37.55 min (per wet mass)
79DinoxanthinDinoxnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
80Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)43.07 min (per wet mass)
81Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)61.68 min (per wet mass)
82Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)63.03 min (per wet mass)
83Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)56.24 min (per wet mass)
84Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)59.79 min (per wet mass)
85EchinenoneEchinnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
86Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)51.43 min (per wet mass)
87Carotenoid compoundCarotenoid compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)53.04 min (per wet mass)
88Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)11.1 min (per wet mass)
89Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)16.16 min (per wet mass)
90Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)16.82 min (per wet mass)
91Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)17.66 min (per wet mass)
92Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)18.28 min (per wet mass)
93Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)18.73 min (per wet mass)
94Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)20.59 min (per wet mass)
95Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)21.04 min (per wet mass)
96Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)21.74 min (per wet mass)
97Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)23.85 min (per wet mass)
98Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)24.56 min (per wet mass)
99Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)45.3 min (per wet mass)
100Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)47.63 min (per wet mass)
101Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)48.26 min (per wet mass)
102Chlorophyll aChl anmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
103Phaeophorbide compoundPhaeopho compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)49.64 min (per wet mass)
104Chlorophyll a, derivativeChl a derivnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)50.16 min (per wet mass)
105Bacteriopheophytin aBPhytin anmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
106Chlorophyll a, derivativeChl a derivnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)50.79 min (per wet mass)
107Bacteriopheophytin a, derivativeBPhytin a derivnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)51.11 min (per wet mass)
108Phaeophytin compoundPhaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)51.94 min (per wet mass)
109Phaeophytin a0Phaeophytin a0nmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
110Phaeophytin compoundPhaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)52.97 min (per wet mass)
111Bacteriopheophytin a, derivativeBPhytin a derivnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)53.34 min (per wet mass)
112Phaeophytin compoundPhaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)53.89 min (per wet mass)
113Phaeophytin a1Phaeophytin a1nmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
114Phaeophytin a1.1Phaeophytin a1.1nmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
115Phaeophytin compoundPhaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)56.58 min (per wet mass)
116Phaeophytin a2Phaeophytin a2nmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(per wet mass)
117Phaeophytin compoundPhaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)59.14 min (per wet mass)
118Phaeophytin compoundPhaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)59.87 min (per wet mass)
119Pyrophaeophytin compoundPyrophaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)60.53 min (per wet mass)
120Pyrophaeophytin compoundPyrophaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)60.95 min (per wet mass)
121Pyrophaeophytin compoundPyrophaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)61.47 min (per wet mass)
122Pyrophaeophytin compoundPyrophaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)62.24 min (per wet mass)
123Pyrophaeophytin compoundPyrophaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)62.69 min (per wet mass)
124Pyrophaeophytin compoundPyrophaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)63.34 min (per wet mass)
125Pyrophaeophytin compoundPyrophaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)64.01 min (per wet mass)
126Pyrophaeophytin compoundPyrophaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)64.35 min (per wet mass)
127Pyrophaeophytin compoundPyrophaeophytin compnmol/gSchouten, Stan JonahHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)64.83 min (per wet mass)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
7247 data points

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