Shala, Shyhrete; Helmens, Karin; Engels, Stefan; Kuhry, Peter; Kylander, Malin E; Luoto, Tomi P; Salonen, Sakari; Väliranta, Minna; Weckström, Jan (2025): Geochemical measurements of Holocene sediment sequence retrieved from Lake Loitsana, Finland [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.975102
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Published: 2025-02-13 • DOI registered: 2025-03-14
Abstract:
This dataset provides geochemical measurements for the Holocene sediment sequence retrieved from Lake Loitsana (Finland) in 2008. The data are presented as percentages (Corg, N), ‰ vs PDB (δ13Corg) and ‰ vs air (δ18O). All parameters are presented against both depth (cm) and age (cal yr. BP). Two age/depths models are presented: the first model represents the original age/depth model applied to the records (Shala et al., 2014; 2017) and the second age/depth model, which is the author-preferred version, presents updated age-estimates derived using the r package 'Bacon' (Blaauw and Christensen, 2011). The geochemical dataset provides information on Holocene lake ecosystem and catchment dynamics. A total of 144 samples from the Holocene sediment sequence were freeze-dried, ground and weighed into tin capsules for C/N-analysis. Additional material was taken from each sample for organic carbon (Corg) analysis. The material was weighed into silver capsules, treated with HCL (10%) and dried overnight before analysis. Concentrations were measured through combustion in a Carlo Erba NC2500 Elemental Analyzer at the Stable Isotope Lab at the Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University.
Keyword(s):
References:
Blaauw, Maarten; Christen, Andrés (2011): Flexible paleoclimate age-depth models using an autoregressive gamma process. Bayesian Analysis, 6(3), 457-474, https://doi.org/10.1214/11-BA618
Shala, Shyhrete; Helmens, Karin F; Luoto, Tomi P; Salonen, J Sakari; Väliranta, Minna; Weckström, Jan (2017): Comparison of quantitative Holocene temperature reconstructions using multiple proxies from a northern boreal lake. The Holocene, 27(11), 1745-1755, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683617708442
Shala, Shyhrete; Helmens, Karin F; Luoto, Tomi P; Väliranta, Minna; Weckström, Jan; Salonen, J Sakari; Kuhry, Peter (2014): Evaluating environmental drivers of Holocene changes in water chemistry and aquatic biota composition at Lake Loitsana, NE Finland. Journal of Paleolimnology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-014-9795-1
Funding:
Coverage:
Latitude: 67.804722 * Longitude: 29.282222
Date/Time Start: 2008-04-05T10:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2008-04-06T18:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.01 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 8.93 m
Event(s):
Comment:
Further funding was provided by SKB (Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company) and the Bolin Centre for Climate Research.
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DEPTH, sediment/rock | Depth sed | m | Engels, Stefan | Geocode | |
| 2 | Age model | Age model | ka | Engels, Stefan | Calculated, according to Shala et al. (2017) | |
| 3 | Age model | Age model | ka | Engels, Stefan | Calculated according to Blaauw and Christen (2011) | |
| 4 | Carbon, organic | C org | % | Engels, Stefan | Element analyser, Carlo Erba NC2500 | |
| 5 | Nitrogen | N | % | Engels, Stefan | Element analyser, Carlo Erba NC2500 | |
| 6 | Carbon/Nitrogen ratio | C/N | Engels, Stefan | Element analyser, Carlo Erba NC2500 | ||
| 7 | δ13C, organic carbon | δ13C Corg | ‰ PDB | Engels, Stefan | Element analyser, Carlo Erba NC2500 | |
| 8 | δ15N | δ15N | ‰ | Engels, Stefan | Element analyser, Carlo Erba NC2500 |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Size:
987 data points
Data
| 1 Depth sed [m] | 2 Age model [ka] (Calculated, according to Shal...) | 3 Age model [ka] (Calculated according to Blaau...) | 4 C org [%] (Element analyser, Carlo Erba ...) | 5 N [%] (Element analyser, Carlo Erba ...) | 6 C/N (Element analyser, Carlo Erba ...) | 7 δ13C Corg [‰ PDB] (Element analyser, Carlo Erba ...) | 8 δ15N [‰] (Element analyser, Carlo Erba ...) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.01 | 0.00000000 | -0.013 | 29.770 | 2.688 | 11.075 | -22.431 | -0.560 |
| 0.08 | 0.37000000 | 0.333 | 17.013 | 1.152 | 14.768 | -21.990 | -0.553 |
| 0.16 | 0.78500000 | 0.750 | 16.934 | 1.135 | 14.920 | -21.733 | -0.539 |
| 0.28 | 1.37900000 | 1.424 | 36.796 | 2.296 | 16.026 | -22.122 | -0.682 |
| 0.39 | 1.87600000 | 1.724 | 21.332 | 1.468 | 14.531 | -25.386 | -1.017 |
| 0.48 | 2.24800000 | 1.945 | 12.754 | 1.224 | 10.420 | -24.380 | -1.072 |
| 0.57 | 2.59000000 | 2.158 | 17.938 | 1.475 | 12.161 | -23.763 | -0.844 |
| 0.69 | 3.00300000 | 2.454 | 17.939 | 1.533 | 11.702 | -23.869 | -1.042 |
| 0.78 | 3.28300000 | 2.671 | 20.535 | 1.794 | 11.446 | -24.038 | -0.850 |
| 0.88 | 3.56500000 | 2.910 | 20.861 | 1.766 | 11.813 | -24.181 | -0.994 |
| 0.99 | 3.84400000 | 3.180 | 21.082 | 1.721 | 12.250 | -25.502 | -0.629 |
| 1.08 | 4.05100000 | 3.409 | 22.584 | 1.984 | 11.383 | -26.543 | -0.333 |
| 1.18 | 4.25800000 | 3.645 | 22.477 | 2.095 | 10.729 | -24.972 | -0.614 |
| 1.29 | 4.46400000 | 3.897 | 11.821 | 1.304 | 9.065 | -25.449 | -0.845 |
| 1.38 | 4.61600000 | 4.105 | 9.527 | 1.068 | 8.920 | -25.905 | -0.558 |
| 1.48 | 4.77000000 | 4.323 | 7.275 | 0.823 | 8.840 | -26.397 | -0.756 |
| 1.59 | 4.92500000 | 4.567 | 8.353 | 0.890 | 9.385 | -25.648 | -0.324 |
| 1.68 | 5.04200000 | 4.773 | 8.719 | 0.948 | 9.197 | -25.339 | -0.619 |
| 1.78 | 5.16400000 | 4.995 | 7.690 | 0.925 | 8.314 | -26.056 | -0.009 |
| 1.89 | 5.29200000 | 5.142 | 8.019 | 0.837 | 9.581 | -26.377 | -0.372 |
| 1.98 | 5.39100000 | 5.237 | 7.787 | 0.839 | 9.281 | -26.466 | -0.092 |
| 2.04 | 5.45600000 | 5.301 | 7.879 | 0.863 | 9.130 | -26.891 | 0.293 |
| 2.08 | 5.49800000 | 5.345 | 8.371 | 0.856 | 9.779 | -26.906 | 0.141 |
| 2.13 | 5.55000000 | 5.400 | 7.898 | 0.854 | 9.248 | -26.779 | -0.103 |
| 2.19 | 5.61100000 | 5.467 | 8.808 | 0.900 | 9.787 | -26.661 | -0.196 |
| 2.23 | 5.65100000 | 5.511 | 7.876 | 0.863 | 9.126 | -26.930 | 0.011 |
| 2.28 | 5.70100000 | 5.565 | 9.088 | 0.893 | 10.177 | -26.928 | -0.027 |
| 2.33 | 5.75000000 | 5.621 | 8.394 | 0.903 | 9.296 | -27.226 | 0.081 |
| 2.38 | 5.79800000 | 5.675 | 8.126 | 0.884 | 9.192 | -27.294 | 0.310 |
| 2.43 | 5.84600000 | 5.730 | 9.399 | 0.979 | 9.601 | -27.687 | 0.046 |
| 2.49 | 5.90300000 | 5.797 | 9.748 | 0.880 | 11.077 | -28.052 | 0.103 |
| 2.54 | 5.95000000 | 5.849 | 10.260 | 1.009 | 10.168 | -29.076 | 0.260 |
| 2.58 | 5.98700000 | 5.896 | 10.839 | 1.043 | 10.392 | -28.769 | 0.371 |
| 2.63 | 6.03400000 | 5.950 | 9.957 | 1.127 | 8.835 | -35.522 | 0.288 |
| 2.68 | 6.08100000 | 6.006 | 12.427 | 1.062 | 11.702 | -28.060 | 0.481 |
| 2.73 | 6.12700000 | 6.061 | 11.245 | 1.078 | 10.431 | -28.093 | 0.512 |
| 2.79 | 6.18400000 | 6.129 | 12.689 | 1.135 | 11.180 | -28.044 | 0.551 |
| 2.83 | 6.22100000 | 6.174 | 13.316 | 1.248 | 10.670 | -28.333 | 0.683 |
| 2.88 | 6.26800000 | 6.229 | 14.032 | 1.190 | 11.792 | -28.587 | 0.384 |
| 2.93 | 6.31600000 | 6.284 | 24.707 | 2.208 | 11.190 | -28.792 | -0.532 |
| 2.98 | 6.36400000 | 6.340 | 28.581 | 2.754 | 10.378 | -27.825 | -0.743 |
| 3.03 | 6.41200000 | 6.393 | 34.245 | 3.086 | 11.097 | -27.326 | -0.744 |
| 3.09 | 6.47100000 | 6.459 | 31.971 | 2.696 | 11.859 | -26.223 | -0.785 |
| 3.13 | 6.51100000 | 6.505 | 33.522 | 3.012 | 11.129 | -26.425 | -0.565 |
| 3.18 | 6.56100000 | 6.559 | 29.901 | 2.699 | 11.079 | -26.679 | -0.559 |
| 3.23 | 6.61200000 | 6.614 | 25.641 | 2.372 | 10.810 | -26.811 | -0.436 |
| 3.28 | 6.66400000 | 6.669 | 29.554 | 2.551 | 11.585 | -26.866 | -0.766 |
| 3.33 | 6.71700000 | 6.723 | 30.934 | 2.873 | 10.767 | -26.676 | -0.424 |
| 3.39 | 6.78200000 | 6.789 | 18.675 | 1.657 | 11.270 | -27.684 | -0.518 |
| 3.43 | 6.82600000 | 6.831 | 12.926 | 1.050 | 12.310 | -29.576 | 0.462 |
| 3.48 | 6.88200000 | 6.886 | 13.495 | 0.907 | 14.879 | -29.189 | 0.846 |
| 3.54 | 6.95100000 | 6.952 | 14.901 | 1.140 | 13.071 | -27.823 | 0.377 |
| 3.58 | 6.99800000 | 6.997 | 13.924 | 1.025 | 13.584 | -28.758 | 0.955 |
| 3.63 | 7.05800000 | 7.055 | 14.101 | 1.001 | 14.087 | -29.407 | 1.045 |
| 3.69 | 7.13000000 | 7.122 | 12.296 | 0.830 | 14.814 | -29.256 | 1.044 |
| 3.73 | 7.17900000 | 7.168 | 11.836 | 0.886 | 13.359 | -29.416 | 0.772 |
| 3.78 | 7.24200000 | 7.224 | 12.375 | 0.935 | 13.235 | -29.299 | 0.993 |
| 3.83 | 7.30400000 | 7.282 | 14.432 | 1.018 | 14.177 | -29.423 | 0.682 |
| 3.88 | 7.36800000 | 7.343 | 12.861 | 0.899 | 14.306 | -29.340 | 0.722 |
| 3.93 | 7.43200000 | 7.403 | 13.913 | 1.236 | 11.256 | -29.328 | 0.492 |
| 3.99 | 7.50900000 | 7.470 | 13.419 | 0.902 | 14.877 | -29.370 | 0.964 |
| 4.03 | 7.56000000 | 7.515 | 13.428 | 1.024 | 13.113 | -29.494 | 0.894 |
| 4.08 | 7.62500000 | 7.574 | 12.983 | 0.958 | 13.552 | -29.231 | 0.805 |
| 4.15 | 7.71600000 | 7.650 | 13.231 | 1.113 | 11.888 | -29.509 | 0.666 |
| 4.18 | 7.75400000 | 7.687 | 12.915 | 1.083 | 11.925 | -29.452 | 0.840 |
| 4.25 | 7.84500000 | 7.770 | 12.828 | 1.085 | 11.823 | -28.591 | 0.437 |
| 4.29 | 7.89600000 | 7.815 | 10.571 | 0.858 | 12.321 | -29.470 | 0.914 |
| 4.35 | 7.97300000 | 7.883 | 11.591 | 0.912 | 12.709 | -29.622 | 1.104 |
| 4.38 | 8.01200000 | 7.916 | 11.165 | 0.833 | 13.403 | -29.544 | 1.343 |
| 4.45 | 8.10000000 | 7.995 | 10.903 | 0.853 | 12.782 | -29.699 | 1.297 |
| 4.48 | 8.13800000 | 8.029 | 11.957 | 0.866 | 13.807 | -29.620 | 0.815 |
| 4.53 | 8.20000000 | 8.085 | 11.882 | 0.913 | 13.014 | -29.700 | 0.773 |
| 4.55 | 8.22400000 | 8.109 | 11.283 | 0.918 | 12.291 | -29.753 | 1.067 |
| 4.58 | 8.26100000 | 8.143 | 10.635 | 0.906 | 11.738 | -29.774 | 1.051 |
| 4.65 | 8.34500000 | 8.220 | 11.144 | 0.907 | 12.287 | -29.682 | 1.085 |
| 4.69 | 8.39300000 | 8.266 | 10.184 | 0.896 | 11.366 | -30.015 | 1.333 |
| 4.74 | 8.45100000 | 8.323 | 10.598 | 0.845 | 12.542 | -29.723 | 1.093 |
| 4.78 | 8.49700000 | 8.367 | 10.563 | 0.867 | 12.183 | -29.632 | 0.926 |
| 4.83 | 8.55300000 | 8.423 | 9.870 | 0.858 | 11.503 | -29.787 | 0.482 |
| 4.88 | 8.60700000 | 8.480 | 12.756 | 1.242 | 10.271 | -30.856 | -0.602 |
| 4.93 | 8.66100000 | 8.536 | 12.393 | 1.399 | 8.858 | -31.044 | -0.586 |
| 4.98 | 8.71200000 | 8.590 | 14.332 | 1.449 | 9.891 | -31.471 | -1.011 |
| 5.04 | 8.77200000 | 8.654 | 14.795 | 1.459 | 10.141 | -31.514 | -0.856 |
| 5.08 | 8.81100000 | 8.693 | 14.083 | 1.382 | 10.190 | -32.003 | -0.785 |
| 5.13 | 8.85700000 | 8.740 | 13.244 | 1.311 | 10.102 | -31.926 | -0.686 |
| 5.18 | 8.90200000 | 8.784 | 14.617 | 1.415 | 10.330 | -31.712 | -0.602 |
| 5.23 | 8.94500000 | 8.827 | 12.003 | 1.122 | 10.698 | -31.455 | 0.154 |
| 5.28 | 8.98700000 | 8.872 | 10.571 | 0.957 | 11.046 | -30.096 | 0.386 |
| 5.34 | 9.03500000 | 8.925 | 10.861 | 1.060 | 10.246 | -30.793 | 0.010 |
| 5.38 | 9.06500000 | 8.959 | 12.644 | 1.271 | 9.948 | -32.467 | -1.094 |
| 5.43 | 9.10200000 | 9.003 | 11.883 | 1.264 | 9.401 | -32.446 | -1.290 |
| 5.48 | 9.13700000 | 9.048 | 12.756 | 1.247 | 10.229 | -32.072 | -0.574 |
| 5.53 | 9.17200000 | 9.090 | 13.222 | 1.334 | 9.912 | -32.779 | -0.751 |
| 5.58 | 9.20400000 | 9.133 | 11.665 | 1.250 | 9.332 | -32.126 | -0.715 |
| 5.64 | 9.24200000 | 9.185 | 13.077 | 1.325 | 9.869 | -34.138 | -1.078 |
| 5.68 | 9.26600000 | 9.218 | 13.932 | 1.452 | 9.595 | -33.693 | -0.988 |
| 5.73 | 9.29500000 | 9.261 | 10.807 | 1.102 | 9.807 | -32.987 | -0.265 |
| 5.78 | 9.32300000 | 9.305 | 12.415 | 0.995 | 12.477 | -30.347 | 0.533 |
| 5.83 | 9.35000000 | 9.349 | 12.670 | 1.153 | 10.989 | -31.151 | 0.518 |
| 5.88 | 9.37500000 | 9.390 | 10.407 | 0.962 | 10.818 | -31.165 | 0.471 |
| 5.94 | 9.40500000 | 9.441 | 10.849 | 1.007 | 10.774 | -31.089 | 0.514 |
| 5.98 | 9.42400000 | 9.474 | 10.889 | 0.977 | 11.145 | -31.114 | 0.481 |
| 6.03 | 9.44700000 | 9.521 | 15.796 | 1.009 | 15.655 | -29.574 | 0.429 |
| 6.08 | 9.47000000 | 9.570 | 11.395 | 0.995 | 11.452 | -30.959 | 0.560 |
| 6.13 | 9.49200000 | 9.621 | 10.210 | 0.927 | 11.014 | -31.278 | 0.397 |
| 6.18 | 9.51400000 | 9.673 | 9.494 | 0.858 | 11.065 | -30.735 | 0.786 |
| 6.24 | 9.54200000 | 9.739 | 9.722 | 0.906 | 10.731 | -30.882 | 0.780 |
| 6.28 | 9.56100000 | 9.781 | 11.451 | 1.004 | 11.405 | -31.204 | 0.462 |
| 6.33 | 9.58700000 | 9.835 | 10.575 | 1.001 | 10.564 | -31.458 | 0.721 |
| 6.38 | 9.61400000 | 9.887 | 11.658 | 1.109 | 10.512 | -31.571 | 0.575 |
| 6.43 | 9.64300000 | 9.939 | 10.339 | 1.046 | 9.884 | -31.493 | 0.827 |
| 6.48 | 9.67500000 | 9.990 | 9.569 | 1.011 | 9.465 | -32.361 | 0.650 |
| 6.54 | 9.71800000 | 10.050 | 9.008 | 0.842 | 10.698 | -31.649 | 1.184 |
| 6.58 | 9.74900000 | 10.090 | 9.484 | 0.918 | 10.331 | -31.771 | 0.966 |
| 6.63 | 9.79200000 | 10.144 | 8.180 | 0.867 | 9.435 | -32.669 | 0.635 |
| 6.68 | 9.83800000 | 10.208 | 7.408 | 0.716 | 10.346 | -31.751 | 1.382 |
| 6.74 | 9.89900000 | 10.293 | 6.273 | 0.696 | 9.013 | -31.458 | 1.517 |
| 6.78 | 9.94200000 | 10.349 | 7.003 | 0.723 | 9.686 | -31.014 | 1.748 |
| 6.81 | 9.97500000 | 10.392 | 7.528 | 0.792 | 9.505 | -31.747 | 1.417 |
| 6.85 | 10.02000000 | 10.448 | 7.700 | 0.780 | 9.872 | -30.944 | 1.612 |
| 6.88 | 10.05500000 | 10.489 | 7.340 | 0.799 | 9.186 | -31.499 | 1.618 |
| 6.91 | 10.09000000 | 10.531 | 7.227 | 0.784 | 9.218 | -31.646 | 1.771 |
| 7.01 | 10.20900000 | 10.671 | 6.434 | 0.644 | 9.991 | -31.475 | 2.741 |
| 7.03 | 10.23200000 | 6.148 | 0.608 | 10.112 | -31.441 | 2.396 | |
| 7.06 | 10.26700000 | 4.708 | 0.487 | 9.667 | -31.354 | 2.857 | |
| 7.09 | 10.30200000 | 4.453 | 0.500 | 8.906 | -31.446 | 2.589 | |
| 7.11 | 10.32500000 | 4.510 | 0.463 | 9.741 | -31.407 | 2.997 | |
| 7.15 | 10.37000000 | 4.377 | 0.469 | 9.333 | -31.268 | 2.517 | |
| 7.18 | 10.40300000 | 4.498 | 0.468 | 9.611 | -31.447 | 2.892 | |
| 7.21 | 10.43500000 | 2.965 | 0.295 | 10.051 | -30.791 | 2.903 | |
| 7.23 | 10.45600000 | 2.738 | 0.276 | 9.920 | -30.841 | 2.585 | |
| 7.25 | 10.47600000 | 3.427 | 0.328 | 10.448 | -30.523 | 2.628 | |
| 7.27 | 10.49600000 | 3.667 | 0.296 | 12.389 | -31.132 | 2.645 | |
| 7.30 | 10.52400000 | 2.797 | 0.326 | 8.580 | -30.865 | 2.874 | |
| 7.33 | 10.55100000 | 2.637 | 0.285 | 9.253 | -30.976 | 3.126 | |
| 7.35 | 10.56800000 | 1.653 | 0.190 | 8.700 | -30.287 | 3.211 | |
| 7.58 | 10.73100000 | 2.159 | 0.211 | 10.232 | -30.295 | 3.362 | |
| 7.63 | 10.73452113 | 1.834 | 0.193 | 9.503 | -29.985 | 3.162 | |
| 7.83 | 10.74860563 | 0.720 | 0.054 | 13.333 | -28.993 | 2.355 | |
| 7.93 | 10.75564789 | 0.467 | 0.035 | 13.343 | -28.207 | 4.216 | |
| 8.33 | 10.78381690 | 0.283 | 0.023 | 12.304 | -27.410 | 2.543 | |
| 8.53 | 10.79790141 | 0.759 | 0.054 | 14.056 | -26.860 | 4.442 | |
| 8.73 | 10.81198592 | 0.729 | 0.055 | 13.255 | -26.858 | 3.329 | |
| 8.93 | 10.82607042 | 0.489 | 0.029 | 16.862 | -26.871 | 1.812 |