Citation:

PANGAEA.974530

Name: Otolith accumulation rates in sediment core M144_5-6 from the central western Aegean Sea
Published: 2025-02-20
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Aegean Sea; Holocene; Mediterranean Sea; Otolith; Oxygen deficient zones; Planktonic foraminifera; productivity; radiocarbon age

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Published: 2025-02-20 • DOI registered: 2025-03-21

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Abstract:

Otolith accumulation rates (OAR) and fish family composition were analyzed throughout core M144 KC5-6, including Myctophidae, Sternoptychidae, Engraulidae, Gadidae, and Gonostomatidae, representing the most common taxa of the otolith record. A total number of 3272 otoliths has been classified. Otolith count and identification was performed on both cores A and B, with lower resolution between 0.5 cm and 151.5 cm, and highest resolution between 152.5 cm and 272.5 cm, using a binocular stereo microscope (magnification 10x – 20x) and a bifurcated illuminator. OAR was estimated by dividing raw otolith counts by dry bulk sediment mass, and further multiplied with sediment accumulation rate and dry bulk density of each sample and multiplied by ten. Identification of otoliths to the lowest taxonomic level is based on an automatic taxon identification software, web database, and otolith catalogs from the Mediterranean region. The predominance of the target families "Myctophidae, Engraulidae, and Sternoptychidae" comprising over 81% of the fossil assemblage, provides a robust dataset for analyzing their population dynamics over the last 11.4 kyr, to describe fish response to changing environmental conditions, before, during and after sapropel S1 deposition, as discussed in Pallacks et al. (in review).

Keyword(s):

Aegean Sea; Holocene; Mediterranean Sea; Otolith; Oxygen deficient zones; Planktonic foraminifera; productivity; radiocarbon age

Related to:

Pallacks, Sven; Ziveri, Patrizia; Jannke, Helen A; Lin, Chien-Hsiang; Subhas, Adam V; Galbraith, Eric Douglas; Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie; Friedrich, Oliver; Bahr, André; Koutsodendris, Andreas; Pross, Jörg; Norris, Richard D (2025): Ocean deoxygenation linked to ancient mesopelagic fish decline. Communications Earth & Environment, 6(1), 596, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02568-8

Funding:

Generalitat de Catalunya, grant/award no. 2021 SGR 00640: MERS

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, grant/award no. CEX2019-000940-M

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, grant/award no. MDM-2015-0552-16-2

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, grant/award no. PID2020-113526RB-I00

Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO), grant/award no. BES-2017-080730

National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1821140 : NSF-EAGER: Eastern Mediterranean Paleoclimate and Ecosystems during the Rise of Early Civilizations (EMPIRE)

National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1923998 : Biogenic Calcium Carbonate Solubilities and Reaction Rates by Lab and Field Saturometry

Coverage:

Latitude: 38.925750 * Longitude: 23.644733

Date/Time Start: 2017-12-31T11:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-12-31T11:00:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.005 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 2.725 m

Event(s):

M144_5-6 (KC5-6) * Latitude: 38.925750 * Longitude: 23.644733 * Date/Time: 2017-12-31T11:00:00 * Elevation: -559.2 m * Recovery: 3.45 m * Location: S Skopelos * Campaign: (EMPIRE) * Basis: * Method/Device: Kasten corer (KAL) * Comment: core length 345 cm, 69.5 kN

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m	Pallacks, Sven	Geocode
2	Accumulation rate, otolith, Engraulis encrasicolus	Acc rate otolith E. encrasicolus	#/cm²/ka	Pallacks, Sven
3	Accumulation rate, otolith, Gadiculus argenteus	Acc rate otolith G. argenteus	#/cm²/ka	Pallacks, Sven
4	Accumulation rate, otolith, Micromesistius poutassou	Acc rate otolith M. poutassou	#/cm²/ka	Pallacks, Sven
5	Accumulation rate, otolith, Gadidae	Acc rate otolith Gadidae	#/cm²/ka	Pallacks, Sven
6	Accumulation rate, otolith, Myctophidae	Acc rate otolith Myctophidae	#/cm²/ka	Pallacks, Sven
7	Accumulation rate, otolith, Gonostomatidae	Acc rate otolith Gonostomatidae	#/cm²/ka	Pallacks, Sven
8	Accumulation rate, otolith, Argyropelecus hemigymnus	Acc rate otolith A. hemigymnus	#/cm²/ka	Pallacks, Sven
9	Accumulation rate, otolith, Maurolicus muelleri	Acc rate otolith M. muelleri	#/cm²/ka	Pallacks, Sven
10	Accumulation rate, otolith, other	Acc rate otolith other	#/cm²/ka	Pallacks, Sven
11	Accumulation rate, otolith	Acc rate otolith	#/cm²/ka	Pallacks, Sven	total

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

2110 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Depth sed [m]	2 Acc rate otolith E. encrasicolus [#/cm²/ka]	3 Acc rate otolith G. argenteus [#/cm²/ka]	4 Acc rate otolith M. poutassou [#/cm²/ka]	5 Acc rate otolith Gadidae [#/cm²/ka]	6 Acc rate otolith Myctophidae [#/cm²/ka]	7 Acc rate otolith Gonostomatidae [#/cm²/ka]	8 Acc rate otolith A. hemigymnus [#/cm²/ka]	9 Acc rate otolith M. muelleri [#/cm²/ka]	10 Acc rate otolith other [#/cm²/ka]	11 Acc rate otolith [#/cm²/ka]
0.005	0	0	0	0	7.206	0	0	0	2.162	9.368
0.015	0	0	0	0	7.289	0	0	0	3.645	10.934
0.035	0	0	0	0	3.449	0	0	0	0.69	4.139
0.055	0	0	0	0	3.799	0	0	0	0	3.799
0.075	0	0	0	0	3.148	0	0	0	1.259	4.408
0.085	0	0	0	0	3.71	0	0	0	1.855	5.564
0.105	0	0	0	0	6.003	0	0	0	2.001	8.004
0.125	0	0	0	0	7.077	0	0.59	0	-0	7.667
0.135	0	0	0	0	6.571	0	0	0	4.779	11.35
0.155	0	1.175	0	0	9.402	0	0.588	0	0.588	11.752
0.175	0	0	0	0	13.717	0	0.624	0	1.247	15.588
0.185	0	0	0	0	8.904	0	0	0	1.272	10.176
0.205	0	0	0	0.641	8.337	0.641	0	0	2.565	12.185
0.225	0.625	0	0	0	13.759	0	0	0	0.625	15.01
0.235	0	0	0	0	10.717	0	0	0	2.522	13.239
0.255	0	0	0	0	4.972	0	0	0.621	0	5.593
0.275	0.601	0	0	0	10.809	0	0	0.601	-0	12.01
0.285	0	0	0	0	11.479	0	0	0.604	0.604	12.688
0.305	0	0	0	0	13.341	0.58	0.58	0	1.16	15.661
0.325	0	0	0	0	11.564	0	0	0	0.609	12.173
0.335	0	0	0	0	6.862	0	0.624	0	1.872	9.358
0.355	0	0	0	0	7.565	0	0	0	0.63	8.195
0.375	0.638	0.638	0	0	12.769	0	0	0.638	0	14.684
0.385	0	0	0	0	13.437	0	0	0	2.016	15.452
0.405	0	0	0	0	12.23	0	0.679	0	4.077	16.987
0.425	0	0	0	0	4.381	0	0	0	3.129	7.51
0.435	0	0	0	0	9.234	0	0	0	0	9.234
0.455	0	0	0	0	9.77	0.651	0	0	1.303	11.724
0.475	0	0	0	0	8.824	0	0	0	1.261	10.085
0.485	0	0	0	0	4.048	0	0.675	0	1.349	6.072
0.505	0	0	0	0	7.317	0	0	0	2.439	9.756
0.525	0	0.652	0	0	8.477	0	0	0	2.608	11.738
0.535	0.651	0	0	0	3.906	0.651	0.651	0	1.953	7.812
0.555	0.649	0	0	0	5.195	0	0	0	2.598	8.442
0.575	0	0	0	0	9.121	0	0.651	0.651	1.303	11.727
0.585	0	0	0	0	5.228	0	0	0	0.653	5.881
0.605	0	0	0	0	6.152	0	0	0	1.367	7.519
0.625	0	0	0	0	10.017	0	0	0	0.668	10.685
0.635	0	0	0	0	9.097	0.65	0	0	-0	9.746
0.655	0	0	0	0	4.553	0	0	0	-0	4.553
0.675	0	0	0	0	11.714	0	0	0	0.651	12.365
0.685	0	0	0	0	15.319	0	0	0	1.998	17.318
0.705	0	0	0	0	9.594	0	0	0	2.056	11.65
0.725	0	0	0	0	11.602	0	0	0	0.725	12.327
0.735	0	0	0	0	20.936	0	0	0	1.495	22.431
0.755	0	0.748	0	0	15.716	0.748	0	0	3.742	20.954
0.775	0	0.724	0	0	20.28	0	0	0	1.449	22.452
0.785	0.724	0	0	0	15.202	0	0	0	0.724	16.649
0.805	0	0.744	0	0	17.118	0	0	0	5.954	23.816
0.825	0	0	0	0	17.39	0	0	0	2.898	20.289
0.835	0	0	0	0	14.765	1.476	0	0	1.476	17.718
0.855	0	0	0	0	16.638	0	0	0	2.894	19.532
0.875	0	0	0	0	17.946	1.496	0.748	0	1.496	21.685
0.885	0.741	0	0	1.482	20.003	0	0	0	3.704	25.93
0.905	0	0	0	0	25.222	0.721	0	0	5.765	31.708
0.925	0.745	0	0	0.745	23.1	0	1.49	0	2.235	28.316
0.935	0	0	0	0	17.179	0	0	0.747	2.988	20.913
0.955	0	0	0	0	20.95	0	0	0	4.489	25.44
0.975	0	0	0	0	23.064	0	0.769	0	3.844	27.676
0.985	0	0	0	0	22.339	1.489	0	0	3.723	27.551
0.995	0	0.721	0	0	26.664	0	0.721	0	4.324	32.429
1.025	0	0	0.726	0	15.965	0.726	0	0	2.177	19.593
1.035	0	0	0	0	15.53	0	0	0.776	2.329	18.636
1.055	0	2.242	0	0	14.949	0	1.495	0.747	1.495	20.928
1.075	0.726	0	0	0	20.33	0.726	0.726	0	4.357	26.865
1.085	0	0	0	0	12.782	0	0	0	2.13	14.912
1.105	0	0	0	0	12.898	0	0	0	2.037	14.934
1.125	0	0	0	0	12.934	0	0	0	1.232	14.166
1.135	0	0	0	0	12.936	1.232	0.616	0	3.696	18.48
1.155	0	0	0	0	16.408	0	1.262	0.631	3.787	22.088
1.175	0	0	0	0	10.117	0.632	0	0	1.265	12.013
1.185	0.632	0	0.632	0	18.948	1.263	0	0	3.158	24.633
1.205	0	0.614	0	0	12.273	0	0	0	4.296	17.182
1.225	0.613	0	0	0	14.104	0.613	0	0	3.679	19.009
1.235	0.614	0.614	0	0	17.803	0.614	0	1.228	2.456	23.328
1.255	0	0	0	0	12.947	0	0	0.617	4.316	17.879
1.275	0	0.61	0	0	12.805	0.61	0	0	3.659	17.683
1.285	0	0	0	0	4.903	0	0	0	3.064	7.967
1.305	0	0	0	0	16.941	0	0	0	6.274	23.215
1.325	0	0.632	0	0	18.332	0.632	0	0	1.264	20.86
1.335	0	0	0	0	8.615	0	0	0	1.846	10.461
1.355	0	0	0	0	8.194	0	0	0.63	1.891	10.716
1.375	0.63	0.63	0	0	10.718	0	0	0	1.891	13.87
1.385	1.243	0	0	0	15.534	0	0	0	2.485	19.262
1.405	0.63	0	0	0	16.375	0	0	0.63	2.519	20.153
1.425	0	0	0	0	13.22	0.63	0	0	5.666	19.516
1.435	1.229	0	0	0	15.974	0	1.229	0	2.457	20.889
1.455	0	0	0	0	16.241	0	0	1.16	2.32	19.721
1.475	0	0	0	0	11.453	1.145	0	0	2.863	15.461
1.485	0	0	0	0	9.955	0	0.553	0.553	2.212	13.273
1.505	0	0	0	0	11.324	0	0	0	2.831	14.155
1.525	0	0	0	0	11.891	0	0	0	1.081	12.972
1.535	0	0	0	0.54	9.729	0	0	0	2.702	12.972
1.545	0	0.553	0.553	0	9.955	0	0	0.553	0.553	12.167
1.555	0.54	0	0	0	12.431	0	0	0	5.405	18.376
1.565	0	0	0	0	10.569	0	0.528	0	1.585	12.683
1.575	0.553	0	0.553	0	8.296	0.553	0	0	2.212	12.167
1.585	0	0	0	0	5.8	1.16	0	0.58	2.32	9.861
1.595	0	0	0	0	7.361	0.566	0	0.566	1.132	9.626
1.605	0	0	0	0	13.589	1.132	0	0.566	2.831	18.119
1.615	0.58	0	0	0	8.033	0	0.07	1.16	0.719	10.562
1.625	0.164	0	0	0	7.661	0.164	0.498	1.234	3.533	13.255
1.635	0.412	0	0	0	5.33	0	0	1.636	4.275	11.653
1.645	0	0	0	0	3.933	0	0	0	2.245	6.177
1.655	0	0	0	0	3.363	0	0	0.553	-0	3.916
1.665	0	0	0	0	4.508	0	0	0	0.54	5.048
1.675	1.739	0.528	0	0	7.425	0.528	0.528	0.153	1.522	12.424
1.685	0.654	0.54	0	0	6.28	0	0.54	0.384	0.811	9.21
1.695	0.811	0.946	0	0.405	6.351	0	0	0	2.297	10.81
1.705	0	0.676	0	0.135	6.172	0	0	0.962	0.676	8.621
1.715	1.081	0	0	0	3.962	0	0	0.659	2.702	8.404
1.725	0.553	0	0.553	0	3.318	0	0.553	1.106	2.765	8.849
1.735	0	0	0	0	3.318	0.553	0	0	1.106	4.977
1.745	1.699	0.566	0	0	3.397	0	0	1.132	1.132	7.927
1.755	0	0	0.566	0	3.964	0	0	2.265	3.964	10.758
1.765	0	0	0	0	3.318	0	0	0.553	2.212	6.084
1.775	0.553	0	0	0.553	6.637	0	0	1.106	3.318	12.167
1.785	0.566	1.132	0.566	0	3.964	0	0	1.132	1.699	9.06
1.795	0	0	0	0	5.531	0	0	0.553	1.659	7.743
1.805	0	0	0	0.566	8.493	0	1.699	0.566	1.132	12.457
1.815	1.621	0	0	0	2.162	0.54	0	1.621	1.081	7.026
1.825	0	0	0	0.553	3.318	0	1.106	0.553	1.106	6.637
1.835	0.54	0	0	0	2.162	0.54	0	1.621	3.783	8.648
1.845	0	0.553	0.553	0	2.212	0	0	0.553	0.553	4.424
1.855	0	1.034	0	0	1.034	0.517	0	1.034	1.551	5.17
1.865	0	0	0	0.506	2.024	0	0	2.53	0.506	5.566
1.875	1.012	0	0	0.506	1.012	0	0.506	1.518	1.012	5.566
1.885	0	0	0	0	1.012	0	0.506	2.53	0	4.048
1.895	0.506	0	0	0	0.506	0	0	2.53	-0	3.542
1.905	0.506	0	0	0	1.012	0	0.506	1.012	0.506	3.542
1.915	0	0	0	0.495	0	0	0	2.973	1.486	4.954
1.925	0	0.485	0	0	0.485	0	0	1.456	0.485	2.912
1.935	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.495	0	0.495
1.945	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.971	0.971	1.941
1.955	1.012	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.012	0	2.024
1.965	2.114	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.642	0.528	5.285
1.975	0.506	0	0.506	0	0	0.506	0	1.012	1.012	3.542
1.985	1.518	0	0	0	0	0.506	0	1.518	1.012	4.554
1.995	1.982	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.982	-0	3.964
2.005	1.012	0	0	0	1.518	0.506	0	1.518	0.506	5.06
2.015	0	0.506	0	0.506	1.012	0.506	0	4.048	-0	6.578
2.035	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.991	0.991
2.045	0	0	0	0	1.012	0	0.506	0.506	0.506	2.53
2.055	0.495	0	0	0	0.991	0	0	0	1.982	3.468
2.065	0.506	0	0	0	0.506	0	0	1.518	0.506	3.036
2.075	0.506	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.506
2.085	0	0	0	0	0.517	0	0	0.517	0.517	1.551
2.095	0.506	0	0	0	1.012	0	0	2.024	0	3.542
2.105	1.012	0	0	0	1.518	0	0	4.554	0.506	7.59
2.115	0.517	0	0	0	1.034	0	0.517	2.068	1.034	5.17
2.125	0.54	0	0	0	0	0.54	0	6.486	0.54	8.107
2.135	1.057	0	0	0	0.528	0	0	6.342	0	7.927
2.145	2.162	0	0	0	0	0	0	5.945	1.621	9.729
2.155	1.081	0.54	0	0	1.081	0	0	11.891	0.54	15.133
2.165	0.553	0.553	0	0	0	0	0	5.531	0.553	7.19
2.175	0.528	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.585	0	2.114
2.185	2.114	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.585	0.528	4.228
2.195	1.057	0	0	0	0	0.528	0	2.114	1.585	5.285
2.205	1.057	0.528	0	0	0.528	0.528	0	2.114	0.528	5.285
2.215	1.585	0.528	0	0	0.528	0	0	2.642	0.528	5.813
2.225	2.765	0.553	0	0	0	0	0	0.553	1.106	4.977
2.235	0.54	0	0	0	0	0.54	0	2.162	0.54	3.783
2.245	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.106	1.106	2.212
2.255	1.699	0	0	0	0	0.566	0	1.699	0.566	4.53
2.265	2.765	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.106	0	3.871
2.275	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.702	1.621	4.324
2.285	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.528	1.057	1.585
2.295	0.54	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.54	0.54	1.621
2.305	1.621	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.081	0	2.702
2.315	1.486	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.486	2.973
2.325	1.427	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.476	-0	1.902
2.335	0.933	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.933	0.466	2.331
2.345	0.457	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.457
2.355	0.881	0	0	0.44	0.881	0	0	0	-0	2.202
2.365	0.425	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.425	0.425	1.274
2.375	0	0	0	0	0.432	0	0	0	0.865	1.297
2.385	0.865	0	0	0	0.865	0	0	0.432	0.432	2.594
2.395	0	0	0	0	0.44	0	0	0.44	0.44	1.321
2.405	0	0.449	0	0	0.449	0	0.449	0.897	0.449	2.692
2.415	0.457	0.457	0	0	0.457	0	0	0	0.915	2.287
2.425	0	0	0	0	2.244	0	0	0	0.897	3.141
2.435	0	0.44	0	0	0.44	0	0	0.44	1.321	2.642
2.445	0.865	0	0	0	2.594	0.432	0	0.432	1.297	5.621
2.455	0	0	0	0	1.762	0	0	0.44	-0	2.202
2.465	0	0	0	0	0.457	0	0	0.915	0.915	2.287
2.475	0	0	0	0	3.329	0	0	0	0.476	3.805
2.485	0	0.476	0	0	1.902	0	0	1.427	0.951	4.756
2.495	0	0	0	0	3.397	0.485	0.971	0	1.456	6.309
2.505	0.971	0	0	0	1.456	0	0	1.456	0	3.883
2.515	0.466	0	0	0	1.865	0	0	0.466	0.466	3.264
2.525	0	0	0	0	0.466	0	0	0	-0	0.466
2.535	0.457	0	0	0	1.372	0	0	1.372	0.457	3.659
2.545	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.933	0.933	1.865
2.555	0	0	0	0	0.466	0	0	0	0.466	0.933
2.565	0.476	0	0	0	0.476	0	0	2.854	0	3.805
2.575	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.399	0.466	1.865
2.585	0.951	0	0	0	0.951	0	0	1.427	-0	3.329
2.595	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
2.605	0	0	0	0	0.476	0	0	1.902	0.476	2.854
2.615	0.933	0	0	0	0.466	0	0	2.331	0.466	4.197
2.625	0	0	0	0	1.372	0	0	1.829	0.457	3.659
2.635	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.466	-0	0.466
2.645	0.933	0	0	0	1.399	0	0	1.399	0.466	4.197
2.655	0.466	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.399	0.466	2.331
2.665	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.933	-0	0.933
2.675	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.933	0.466	1.399
2.685	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.427	0.971	3.397
2.695	0	0	0	0	0.476	0.476	0	1.427	-0	2.378
2.705	0.466	0	0	0	0.466	0	0	1.865	-0	2.798
2.715	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.951	0	0.951
2.725	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.181	-0	1.181