Citation:

PANGAEA.973714

Name: Soil bulk density and soil depth from on-site observations in the North-Western Kurdistan region, Iraq
Published: 2024-11-28
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: digital soil mapping; FTIR spectroscopy; Iraq; machine learning; soil depth; soil properties; spatial modelling

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS Citation BibTeX Citation Text Citation Facebook TwitterShow Map Google Earth

Abstract:

Soil information is valuable for many disciplines (e.g. agriculture, geomorphology, geology, archaeology) and can be used to produce maps or statistics on soil productivity. As part of the project CRC1070 ResourceCulture, we collected information on the soil quality in the Dohuk province of the Kurdistan region of Iraq. In total, 561 samples were collected at 136 locations in 2017, 2018, 2022, and 2023. These samples were collected at different depth increments (0 - 10, 10 - 30, 30 - 50, 50 - 70 and 70 - 100 cm) with an auger before being prepared and measured with mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy. Part of these samples (109) were selected to be analyzed in a laboratory, measuring texture, pH, organic and total carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, electrical conductivity, bulk density and calcium carbonate. A Cubist model was used to predict the remaining samples based on the MIR spectra. We then modelled digital soil mapping with machine learning methods (ensemble learning, linear regression, decision trees) for these soil components. Additionally, we mapped the soil depth using the information collected in the field. This dataset can help any researcher regarding soil information, forming a unique regional database.

The observations in this dataset were made on the field during the 2022 and 2023 campaigns. The depth of the soil was measured until the bedrock or sedimental material (eg. slope deposit, alluvial fan). The Blake and Hartge 1986 method was used during dry sampling for the bulk density in top soil (0 - 5 cm), and units are in g/cm3.

Keyword(s):

digital soil mapping; FTIR spectroscopy; Iraq; machine learning; soil depth; soil properties; spatial modelling

References:

Blake, G R; Hartge, K H (1986): Bulk Density. In: Klute, A (eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis, SSSA Book Series, Soil Science Society of America, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, USA, 363-375, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.1.2ed.c13

Funding:

German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 215859406 : A hunt for resources? Spatial models in the ResourceCultures at the northern periphery of Mesopotamia (B07)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 36.981661 * Median Longitude: 42.653891 * South-bound Latitude: 36.794590 * West-bound Longitude: 42.430767 * North-bound Latitude: 37.198840 * East-bound Longitude: 43.038379

Date/Time Start: 2022-08-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2023-10-03T00:00:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.000 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.500 m

Event(s):

B07_2022_001 * Latitude: 36.979058 * Longitude: 42.617510 * Date/Time: 2022-09-17T00:00:00 * Location: Dohuk directorate, Iraq * Campaign: (B07 SFB 1070 soil survey 2022) * Basis: Sampling on land * Method/Device: Auger (AUG)

B07_2022_002 * Latitude: 37.062429 * Longitude: 42.603398 * Date/Time: 2022-09-18T00:00:00 * Location: Dohuk directorate, Iraq * Campaign: (B07 SFB 1070 soil survey 2022) * Basis: Sampling on land * Method/Device: Auger (AUG)

B07_2022_003 * Latitude: 36.933910 * Longitude: 42.536446 * Date/Time: 2022-09-24T00:00:00 * Location: Dohuk directorate, Iraq * Campaign: (B07 SFB 1070 soil survey 2022) * Basis: Sampling on land * Method/Device: Auger (AUG)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event		Bellat, Mathias
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Bellat, Mathias		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Bellat, Mathias		Geocode
4	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m	Bellat, Mathias		Geocode
5	Depth, top/min	Depth top	m	Bellat, Mathias
6	Depth, bottom/max	Depth bot	m	Bellat, Mathias
7	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Bellat, Mathias		Geocode
8	Density, dry bulk	DBD	g/cm³	Bellat, Mathias	Calculated from Blake and Hartge (1986)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

363 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 Depth sed [m]	6 Depth bot [m]	7 Date/Time	8 DBD [g/cm³]
B07_2022_001	36.97906	42.61751	0.500	1.00	2022-09-17	1.10
B07_2022_002	37.06243	42.60340	0.325	0.65	2022-09-18	1.26
B07_2022_003	36.93391	42.53645	0.200	0.40	2022-09-24	1.32
B07_2022_004	36.99346	42.47212	0.400	0.80	2022-09-17	1.27
B07_2022_006	36.90289	42.63753	0.400	0.80	2022-09-20	1.56
B07_2022_007	36.95164	42.61817	0.000	0.00	2022-09-25	1.12
B07_2022_008	37.06409	42.58075	0.125	0.25	2022-09-13	1.21
B07_2022_009	37.05301	42.46424	0.500	1.00	2022-08-29	1.67
B07_2022_010	36.82783	42.62473	0.375	0.75	2022-09-10	1.37
B07_2022_011	36.99318	42.54826	0.375	0.75	2022-09-25	1.17
B07_2022_012	36.91452	42.54203	0.300	0.60	2022-09-04	1.33
B07_2022_013	36.91978	42.60438	0.375	0.75	2022-09-25	1.23
B07_2022_014	37.01728	42.69923	0.250	0.50	2022-08-23	1.03
B07_2022_015	36.93530	42.85873	0.500	1.00	2022-08-21	1.18
B07_2022_016	36.91840	42.59191	0.300	0.60	2022-09-24	1.51
B07_2022_017	36.89790	42.51380	0.500	1.00	2022-09-04	0.76
B07_2022_018	36.82340	42.75568	0.500	1.00	2022-08-22	1.12
B07_2022_019	36.80041	42.72450	0.350	0.70	2022-08-22	1.45
B07_2022_020	37.02227	42.54990	0.400	0.80	2022-08-28	1.08
B07_2022_021	36.85137	42.62079	0.350	0.70	2022-09-19	1.47
B07_2022_022	37.03972	42.58633	0.500	1.00	2022-09-03	1.28
B07_2022_023	36.99041	42.71498	0.500	1.00	2022-08-23	1.29
B07_2022_024	36.96244	42.73271	0.050	0.10	2022-08-14	1.09
B07_2022_025	36.92616	42.57353	0.125	0.25	2022-09-24	1.63
B07_2022_026	37.03058	42.63261	0.150	0.30	2022-08-25	1.20
B07_2022_027	37.04941	42.57156	0.500	1.00	2022-09-03	1.33
B07_2022_028	37.03252	42.56861	0.500	1.00	2022-09-03	1.33
B07_2022_029	37.01977	42.51905	0.050	0.10	2022-08-28	1.20
B07_2022_030	36.79459	42.63786	0.325	0.65	2022-09-19	1.41
B07_2022_031	36.87685	42.68938	0.250	0.50	2022-09-21	1.46
B07_2022_032	37.03750	42.44980	0.350	0.70	2022-08-30	1.27
B07_2022_033	37.01257	42.50428	0.400	0.80	2022-09-17	1.40
B07_2022_034	36.97601	42.52069	0.375	0.75	2022-09-24	1.47
B07_2022_035	36.96659	42.61948	0.400	0.80	2022-09-25	1.16
B07_2022_036	36.87851	42.70579	0.400	0.80	2022-09-05	1.24
B07_2022_037	36.90566	42.57320	0.350	0.70	2022-09-04	1.05
B07_2022_038	36.89680	42.50921	0.125	0.25	2022-09-04	0.55
B07_2022_039	37.03528	42.46490	0.450	0.90	2022-08-30	0.95
B07_2022_040	36.88489	42.63162	0.125	0.25	2022-09-11
B07_2022_041	36.99097	42.61062	0.350	0.70	2022-08-27	0.86
B07_2022_042	36.98266	42.77406	0.400	0.80	2022-09-13	1.30
B07_2022_043	36.83447	42.75109	0.500	1.00	2022-08-22	1.17
B07_2022_044	37.05135	42.48689	0.350	0.70	2022-08-31	1.55
B07_2022_045	36.90981	42.74157	0.175	0.35	2022-08-14	1.48
B07_2022_046	36.86771	42.72844	0.400	0.80	2022-09-05	1.28
B07_2022_047	37.01590	42.54859	0.500	1.00	2022-08-28	1.09
B07_2022_048	37.06658	42.50133	0.050	0.10	2022-08-31	1.05
B07_2022_049	36.83087	42.65689	0.400	0.80	2022-09-20	1.44
B07_2022_050	36.96272	42.80097	0.250	0.50	2022-09-18	1.02
B07_2022_051	36.93003	42.65000	0.150	0.30	2022-09-21	1.26
B07_2022_052	36.86162	42.71859	0.400	0.80	2022-09-05	1.57
B07_2022_053	37.02171	42.44816	0.250	0.50	2022-08-30	1.21
B07_2022_055	36.97075	42.48229	0.375	0.75	2022-09-12	1.09
B07_2022_056	37.01146	42.48295	0.400	0.80	2022-09-17	1.25
B07_2022_057	36.97075	42.45735	0.375	0.75	2022-09-12	0.95
B07_2022_058	36.93696	42.65328	0.400	0.80	2022-09-21	1.28
B07_2022_059	36.80512	42.63097	0.375	0.75	2022-09-19	1.35
B07_2022_060	36.81370	42.60996	0.400	0.80	2022-09-19
B07_2022_061	36.94748	42.73796	0.500	1.00	2022-08-21	1.35
B07_2022_062	37.06686	42.46556	0.400	0.80	2022-08-29	1.00
B07_2022_063	37.05523	42.49509	0.050	0.10	2022-08-31	1.44
B07_2022_064	36.99485	42.44291	0.150	0.30	2022-09-17	1.33
B07_2022_065	36.96438	42.66575	0.500	1.00	2022-08-25	0.74
B07_2022_067	37.03999	42.45374	0.400	0.80	2022-08-30	0.83
B07_2022_068	36.85276	42.59093	0.400	0.80	2022-09-10	1.27
B07_2022_069	36.88128	42.71728	0.500	1.00	2022-09-05	1.03
B07_2022_070	37.05329	42.45866	0.375	0.75	2022-08-29	1.51
B07_2022_071	37.07462	42.56369	0.050	0.10	2022-09-18	1.13
B07_2022_072	36.89846	42.65755	0.500	1.00	2022-09-11	1.38
B07_2022_073	37.02504	42.66871	0.400	0.80	2022-08-23	1.54
B07_2022_074	36.85165	42.66182	0.400	0.80	2022-09-20	1.38
B07_2022_075	36.86134	42.68020	0.500	1.00	2022-09-20	1.02
B07_2022_076	36.88793	42.69496	0.500	1.00	2022-09-21	1.39
B07_2022_078	37.01285	42.64377	0.150	0.30	2022-08-25	1.34
B07_2022_079	37.00759	42.70218	0.500	1.00	2022-08-23	1.25
B07_2022_080	36.98183	42.43077	0.350	0.70	2022-09-17	1.28
B07_2022_081	36.88350	42.62998	0.050	0.10	2022-09-11	1.27
B07_2022_083	36.95468	42.47737	0.350	0.70	2022-09-12	1.16
B07_2022_084	37.01202	42.62801	0.225	0.45	2022-08-25	1.15
B07_2022_085	36.81121	42.63917	0.375	0.75	2022-09-19	1.44
B07_2022_086	36.83946	42.63359	0.050	0.10	2022-09-10	1.35
B07_2022_087	36.92699	42.52069	0.300	0.60	2022-09-24	1.55
B07_2022_088	37.06381	42.49706	0.425	0.85	2022-08-31	1.15
B07_2022_089	36.94444	42.59552	0.350	0.70	2022-09-25	1.26
B07_2022_090	37.06021	42.59224	0.500	1.00	2022-09-13	1.34
B07_2022_092	37.00565	42.58502	0.400	0.80	2022-08-27	1.17
B07_2022_093	36.85746	42.70678	0.050	0.10	2022-09-05	1.58
B07_2022_094	37.01839	42.53382	0.050	0.10	2022-08-28	1.23
B07_2022_095	36.97767	42.66444	0.500	1.00	2022-08-27	0.95
B07_2022_096	36.92283	42.64639	0.400	0.80	2022-09-21	1.18
B07_2022_097	36.82644	42.70973	0.000	0.00	2022-09-20	1.72
B07_2022_099	36.94139	42.68643	0.350	0.70	2022-08-31	1.19
B07_2022_100	36.88959	42.68020	0.375	0.75	2022-09-11
B07_2022_101	36.85442	42.62112	0.075	0.15	2022-09-11	1.16
B07_2022_102	37.06354	42.54925	0.150	0.30	2022-09-03	1.37
B07_2022_104	36.96909	42.71892	0.500	1.00	2022-08-21	1.51
B07_2022_105	36.99374	42.76520	0.050	0.10	2022-09-13	1.16
B07_2022_106	36.99540	42.59716	0.075	0.15	2022-08-27	0.96
B07_2022_107	36.86882	42.58732	0.400	0.80	2022-09-10	1.14
B07_2022_108	36.93446	42.86563	0.500	1.00	2022-08-21	1.20
B07_2022_109	36.93280	42.72877	0.500	1.00	2022-08-25	1.67
B07_2023_001	37.13338	42.91802	0.100	0.20	2023-10-03	1.53
B07_2023_002	37.19502	42.66293	0.500	1.00	2023-10-03	1.37
B07_2023_004	37.18093	42.74336	0.500	1.00	2023-10-03	1.41
B07_2023_005	37.07966	42.97761	0.250	0.50	2023-09-28	1.40
B07_2023_006	37.17536	42.73573	0.500	1.00	2023-10-03	1.46
B07_2023_007	37.14982	42.78035	0.050	0.10	2023-10-03	1.41
B07_2023_008	37.05647	42.91215	0.500	1.00	2023-09-28	1.22
B07_2023_010	37.07584	42.95384	0.350	0.70	2023-09-28	1.00
B07_2023_011	37.13367	42.90188	0.500	1.00	2023-10-03	1.57
B07_2023_012	37.19884	42.73602	0.500	1.00	2023-10-03	1.47
B07_2023_013	37.08964	42.85080	0.250	0.50	2023-10-03	1.29
B07_2023_014	37.09287	42.93916	0.500	1.00	2023-09-28	1.25
B07_2023_016	37.06322	43.03838	0.350	0.70	2023-09-28	1.14
B07_2023_017	37.18739	42.89278	0.250	0.50	2023-10-03	1.17
B07_2023_018	37.09492	42.84464	0.050	0.10	2023-10-03	1.00
B07_2023_019	37.11932	43.00669	0.100	0.20	2023-09-30	1.46
B07_2023_021	37.17095	42.86431	0.300	0.60	2023-10-03	1.43
B07_2023_022	37.14189	42.75892	0.500	1.00	2023-10-03	1.47
B07_2023_023	37.17037	42.89014	0.075	0.15	2023-10-03	1.26
B07_2023_024	37.12369	42.85843	0.250	0.50	2023-10-03	1.58
B07_2023_025	37.11048	42.81352	0.500	1.00	2023-10-03	1.30