Wiltshire, Isabel L.; Roffet-Salque, Mélanie (2024): Organic residue analysis using GC-MS and GC-C-IRMS of Neolithic Funnel Beaker pottery from Wanna, Germany [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.969079 (DOI registration in progress)
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Abstract:
This study details the analysis of an assemblage of Funnel Beaker Culture pottery from the micro-region of Wanna, Cuxhaven, in Northern Germany. A total of 60 pottery fragments from three megalithic monuments and a settlement site were investigated using organic residue analysis. Lipids were extracted from the pottery using an acidified methanolic extraction (Correa-Ascencio and Evershed, 2014) to produce a total lipid extract for each vessel. These extracts were then analysed by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and isotope ratio mass spectrometry were to quantify and identify the contents of the vessels (Evershed et al., 1990; Copley et al., 2003; Evershed, 2008). These analyses revealed new information on the function of these vessels as well as the diet and subsistence practices of the Funnel Beaker community at Wanna.
Related to:
Struckmeyer, Katrin (2024): Chemical ICP-AES data of archeological pottery, Wanna, Germany. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.967207
Struckmeyer, Katrin (2024): Chemical p-XRF data of archeological pottery, Wanna, Germany. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.967201
References:
Copley, M.S.; Berstan, R.; Dudd, S.N.; Docherty, G.; Mukherjee, A.J.; Straker, V.; Payne, S.; Evershed, Richard P (2003): Direct chemical evidence for widespread dairying in prehistoric Britain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100(4), 1524-1529, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0335955100
Correa-Ascencio, M.; Evershed, Richard P (2014): High throughput screening of organic residues in archaeological potsherds using direct acidified methanol extraction. Analytical Methods, 6(5), 1330, https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ay41678j
Evershed, Richard P (2008): ORGANIC RESIDUE ANALYSIS IN ARCHAEOLOGY: THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL BIOMARKER REVOLUTION*. Archaeometry, 50(6), 895-924, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2008.00446.x
Evershed, Richard P; Heron, Carl; Goad, L John (1990): Analysis of organic residues of archaeological origin by high-temperature gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analyst, 115(10), 1339, https://doi.org/10.1039/an9901501339
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 53.697975 * Median Longitude: 8.770500 * South-bound Latitude: 53.693400 * West-bound Longitude: 8.763800 * North-bound Latitude: 53.701900 * East-bound Longitude: 8.777400
Date/Time Start: 2019-07-15T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2020-10-02T00:00:00
Event(s):
Excavation_Wanna_1588 * Latitude: 53.701900 * Longitude: 8.774900 * Date/Time Start: 2020-09-07T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2020-10-02T00:00:00 * Location: Wanna, Cuxhaven, Lower Saxony, Germany * Method/Device: Archaeological excavation
Comment:
Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyses were carried out on a ThermoScientific ISQ LT single quadrupole GC-MS coupled to a Trace 1300. Total lipid extracts (TLEs) were analysed using a non-polar fused silica capillary column (50 m × 0.32 mm i.d., DB1 stationary phase, 0.17 μm film thickness, Agilent Technologies). The temperature program started with an isothermal hold at 50 °C for 2 min, then the temperature was increased at 10 °C.min-1 to 300 °C and held for 10 min. Data were acquired using the total ion current (TIC) mode scanning the range m/z 50–650 Da at 8.3 scans.s-1.
Isotopic values were measured by gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometery (GC-C-IRMS) on an Agilent Technologies 7890 A GC, coupled via an IsoPrime GC5 combustion interface (CuO and silver reactor, 850 °C) to an IsoPrime 100 mass spectrometer using a non-polar column (50 m × 0.32 mm i.d., HP-1 stationary phase, 0.17 μm film thickness, Agilent Technologies). The GC oven temperature was held for 2 min at 40 °C then increased to 300 °C at 10 °C. min-1 and held for 10 min (Correa-Ascencio & Evershed, 2014).
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sample number | Sample no | Wiltshire, Isabel L. | |||
| 2 | Archaeological feature no | Arch feat no | Wiltshire, Isabel L. | |||
| 3 | Archaeological find number | Arch find no | Wiltshire, Isabel L. | |||
| 4 | Pottery unit | PU | Wiltshire, Isabel L. | |||
| 5 | Lipids | Lipids | μg/g | Wiltshire, Isabel L. | Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ThermoScientific, ISQ LT single quadrupole GC-MS; coupled on Trace 1300 | |
| 6 | n-fatty acid C16:0, δ13C | n-C16:0 δ13C | ‰ PDB | Wiltshire, Isabel L. | Gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometery (GC-C-IRMS), Agilent Technologies 7890 A GC; coupled on IsoPrime 100 mass spectrometer [coupled via IsoPrime GC5 combustion interface] according to Correa-Ascencio and Evershed 2014 | The δ13C values are the ratios 13C/12C, expressed relative to the Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite and calibrated against a CO2 reference gas injected directly in the ion source as two pulses at the beginning of each run. Instrumental precision was 0.3‰. |
| 7 | n-fatty acid C18:0, δ13C | n-C18:0 δ13C | ‰ PDB | Wiltshire, Isabel L. | Gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometery (GC-C-IRMS), Agilent Technologies 7890 A GC; coupled on IsoPrime 100 mass spectrometer [coupled via IsoPrime GC5 combustion interface] according to Correa-Ascencio and Evershed 2014 | The δ13C values are the ratios 13C/12C, expressed relative to the Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite and calibrated against a CO2 reference gas injected directly in the ion source as two pulses at the beginning of each run. Instrumental precision was 0.3‰. |
| 8 | Δδ13C, C18:0-C16:0 | Δδ13C, C18:0-C16:0 | Wiltshire, Isabel L. | |||
| 9 | Lipid composition | Lipid comp | Wiltshire, Isabel L. | Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ThermoScientific, ISQ LT single quadrupole GC-MS; coupled on Trace 1300 | ||
| 10 | Interpretation | Interpretation | Wiltshire, Isabel L. |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC) * Processing Level: PANGAEA data processing level 3 (ProcLevel3)
Size:
454 data points
Data
| 1 Sample no | 2 Arch feat no | 3 Arch find no | 4 PU | 5 Lipids [μg/g] | 6 n-C16:0 δ13C [‰ PDB] | 7 n-C18:0 δ13C [‰ PDB] | 8 Δδ13C, C18:0-C16:0 | 9 Lipid comp | 10 Interpretation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WANN7806 | 1603 (1, Qu. 13) | 147 | 2014 | -28.6 | -32.8 | -4.2 | free fatty acids (C14-C20; incl. branched, odd carbon number) | Ruminant Dairy fats | |
| WANN7807 | 1603 (1, Qu. 15) | 57 | 58 | 634 | -27.6 | -30.5 | -2.8 | free fatty acids (C16-C26 incl. branched, odd carbon number); Mid-chain ketones (C29, C31, C33, C35) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats |
| WANN7808 | 1603 (2, Qu. 54) | 351 | 81 | 19130 | -26.8 | -28.2 | -1.4 | free fatty acids (C14-C20 incl. C18:1, branched, odd carbon number) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats |
| WANN7809 | 1603 (2, Qu. 44) | 352 | 80 | 14707 | -26.8 | -28.3 | -1.4 | free fatty acids (C14-C20 incl. C18:1, branched, odd carbon number); Mid-chain Mid-chain ketones (C31, C33, C35) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats |
| WANN7810 | 1603 (2, Qu. 38) | 389 | 74 | 98 | -28.6 | -30.0 | -1.4 | free fatty acids (C16-C20; incl. C18:1) | Ruminant adipose fats |
| WANN7811 | 1603 (3, Qu. 77) | 489 | 56 | 10 | free fatty acids (C16-C20; incl. C16:1, C18:1, C20:1, C22:1); alkanols (C18, C18:1, C20, C20:1) | Contaminated? | |||
| WANN7812 | 1603 (2, Qu. 44) | 345 | 73 | 46 | -28.7 | -33.4 | -4.7 | free fatty acids (C16-C20) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7813 | 1603 (2, Qu. 67) | 384 | 78 | 3068 | -26.3 | -27.8 | -1.5 | free fatty acids (C16-C26 incl. branched, odd carbon number) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats |
| WANN7814 | 1603 (1, Qu. 19) | 186 | 33 | -29.9 | -29.8 | 0.2 | free fatty acids (C16-C20) | Freshwater fish? | |
| WANN7815 | 1603 (2, Qu. 33) | 252 | 19 | ||||||
| WANN7816 | 1588 (Entrance) | 54 | 11 | 45 | -28.4 | -30.4 | -1.9 | free fatty acids (C16-C24 incl. C16:1, C18:1); alkanols (C16, C18, C20) | Ruminant adipose fats |
| WANN7817 | 1588 (Entrance) | 66 | 12 | 199 | -27.9 | -32.7 | -4.8 | free fatty acids (C16-C24; incl. C18:1, odd carbon number) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7818 | 1592 (Entrance) | 215 | 34 | 51 | -29.2 | -32.5 | -3.3 | free fatty acids (C16, C18, C18:1, C23); alkanes (C21-26 incl. odd carbon number) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7819 | 1592 (Entrance) | 215 | 50 | 48 | free fatty acids (C16-C24; incl. C16:1, C18:1) | Contaminated? | |||
| WANN7820 | 1592 (Chamber) | 112 | 2 | 496 | -28.2 | -32.1 | -4.0 | free fatty acids (C16-C24; incl. C17) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7821 | 1591 (Chamber) | 61 | 18 | 44 | -28.8 | -31.2 | -2.4 | free fatty acids (C16 and C18) | Ruminant adipose fats |
| WANN7822 | 1591 (Chamber) | 34 | 18910 | -27.7 | -29.9 | -2.2 | free fatty acids (C14-C20; incl. branched, odd carbon number) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats | |
| WANN7823 | 1591 (Deposition) | 9 | 29 | 747 | -27.4 | -32.4 | -5.0 | free fatty acids (C14-C24; incl. odd carbon number) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7824 | 1591 (Chamber) | 66 | 22 | 1183 | -26.8 | -32.1 | -5.4 | free fatty acids (C14-C24; incl. C18:1, branched, odd carbon number) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7826 | 1603 (2, Qu. 32) | 236 | 34 | -28.8 | -33.5 | -4.7 | free fatty acids (C16-C26; incl C18:1, odd carbon number) | Ruminant Dairy fats | |
| WANN7827 | 1603 (1, Qu. 15) | 45 | 29 | ||||||
| WANN7828 | 1603 (1, Qu. 13) | 68 | 1323 | -28.7 | -32.4 | -3.7 | free fatty acids (C16-C24) | Ruminant Dairy fats | |
| WANN7829 | 1603 (3, Qu. 72) | 503 | 4933 | -27.0 | -29.9 | -2.9 | free fatty acids (C14-C24; incl. odd carbon number) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats | |
| WANN7830 | 1603 (1, Qu. 1) | 124 | 22 | ||||||
| WANN7831 | 1603 (1, Qu. 14) | 140 | 468 | -29.2 | -33.6 | -4.4 | free fatty acids (C16-C24) | Ruminant Dairy fats | |
| WANN7832 | 1603 (2, Qu. 67) | 368 | 194 | -26.9 | -29.8 | -2.9 | free fatty acids (C16, C17, C18) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats | |
| WANN7833 | 1603 (2, Qu. 69) | 401 | 1761 | -27.5 | -29.6 | -2.2 | free fatty acids (C16-C20; incl. odd carbon number) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats | |
| WANN7834 | 1603 (2, Qu. 57) | 293 | 433 | -28.1 | -32.7 | -4.6 | free fatty acids (C16-C22; incl. odd carbon number) | Ruminant Dairy fats | |
| WANN7835 | 1603 (2, Qu. 65) | 278 | 110 | -28.0 | -31.6 | -3.6 | free fatty acids (C16-C20) | Ruminant Dairy fats | |
| WANN7863 | 1592 (Chamber) | 111 | 3 | 6174 | -27.0 | -27.9 | -0.9 | free fatty acids (C16-C24; incl. C18:1, odd carbon number, branched); Vicinal Dihydroxy Acids (9,10-C18) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats |
| WANN7864 | 1591 (Chamber) | 76 | 13 | 5469 | -27.0 | -32.3 | -5.3 | free fatty acids (C16-C26; incl. C18:1, odd carbon number, branched) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7865 | 1591 (Chamber) | 34 | 2002 | -27.1 | -29.7 | -2.6 | free fatty acids (C16-C24; incl. odd carbon number, branched) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats | |
| WANN7866 | 1592 (Entrance) | 204 | 32 | 5 | |||||
| WANN7867 | 1592 (Entrance) | 195_2 | 43 | 15379 | -26.8 | -32.0 | -5.2 | free fatty acids (C16-C26; incl. C18:1, odd carbon number, branched); Vicinal Dihydroxy Acids (9,10-C18) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7868 | 1592 (Entrance) | 214 | 46 | 436 | -27.7 | -32.6 | -4.9 | free fatty acids (C16-C20; incl. odd carbon number, branched) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7869 | 1591 (Chamber) | 36 | 4 | 100 | -26.9 | -32.0 | -5.1 | free fatty acids (C16-C20; incl. C18:1, odd carbon number, branched); Vicinal Dihydroxy Acids (9,10-C18) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7870 | 1592 | 137/141 | 5 | 21 | |||||
| WANN7871 | 1591 (Chamber) | 72 | 19 | 6753 | -26.9 | -32.2 | -5.2 | free fatty acids (C16-C26; incl. odd carbon number, branched) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7872 | 1591 (Chamber) | 43/52 | 21 | 148 | -27.9 | -29.2 | -1.3 | free fatty acids (C16-C20) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats |
| WANN7873 | 1591 (Chamber) | 69 | 24 | 149 | -27.0 | -31.9 | -4.9 | free fatty acids (C16-C26; incl. C18:1, odd carbon number, branched) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7874 | 1603 (Settlement) | 272 | 62 | 23 | -25.4 | -31.1 | -5.7 | free fatty acids (C16-C24) | Ruminant Dairy fats? |
| WANN7875 | 1603 (Settlement) | 258 | 71 | 940 | -27.8 | -29.9 | -2.1 | free fatty acids (C16-C24; incl. odd carbon number, branched) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats |
| WANN7876 | 1603 (Settlement) | 390 | 76 | 40 | -27.2 | -29.1 | -1.9 | free fatty acids (C16-C18) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats |
| WANN7877 | 1603 (Settlement) | 374 | 77 | 2127 | -28.1 | -33.1 | -5.1 | free fatty acids (C16-C26; incl. odd carbon number, branched) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7878 | 1603 (Settlement) | 61 | 215 | -27.3 | -31.4 | -4.2 | free fatty acids (C16-C20; incl. odd carbon number, branched) | Ruminant Dairy fats | |
| WANN7879 | 1603 (Settlement) | 109 | 2346 | -27.1 | -30.2 | -3.0 | free fatty acids (C16-C24; incl. C18:1, odd carbon number, branched) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats | |
| WANN7880 | 1603 (Settlement) | 152 | 248 | -27.9 | -31.1 | -3.2 | free fatty acids (C16-C24; incl. C18:1, odd carbon number, branched) | Mixing ruminant/non-ruminant fats | |
| WANN7881 | 1603 (Settlement) | 178 | 16 | ||||||
| WANN7882 | 1603 (Settlement) | 304 | 9 | ||||||
| WANN7883 | 1603 (Settlement) | 103 | 59 | 3 | |||||
| WANN7884 | 1603 (Settlement) | 464 | 57 | 76 | -27.2 | -32.1 | -4.9 | free fatty acids (C16-C24) | Ruminant Dairy fats |
| WANN7885 | 1603 (Settlement) | 100 | 60 | 1212 | -29.1 | -33.3 | -4.2 | free fatty acids (C16-C26; incl. odd carbon number, branched) | Ruminant Dairy fats |