Walbröl, Andreas; Engelmann, Ronny; Griesche, Hannes; Radenz, Martin; Hofer, Julian; Althausen, Dietrich; Ebell, Kerstin; Mech, Mario; Crewell, Susanne (2024): Relative humidity (rh) computed from radiosonde air pressure, retrieved temperature (temp) and specific humidity (q) during the MOSAiC expedition [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.968762, In: Walbröl, A et al. (2024): Improved temperature and humidity profiles derived from the combination of the microwave radiometers HATPRO and MiRAC-P aboard the Polarstern during the MOSAiC expedition [dataset bundled publication]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.968760
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Abstract:
This data set contains daily files of temperature (temp), specific humidity (q) and relative humidity (rh) profiles derived from combined measurements of the HATPRO and MiRAC-P microwave radiometers (see Walbröl et al. 2022, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01504-1) operated aboard the Polarstern during cruise PS122 (MOSAiC expedition). The data covers the time range from 22 October 2019 until 02 October 2020 with a temporal resolution of about 1 second (except for temp_bl data, see below). Both microwave radiometers were mounted on top of the OCEANET-ATMOSPHERE container (Macke et al. 2010, https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201009006; Engelmann et al. 2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13397-2021). HATPRO is a Humidity and Temperature Profiler (Rose et al. 2005, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.12.005) that measures atmospheric radiation emitted from water vapour along a rotational water vapour aborption line in the K-band (7 channels from 22.24 to 31.4 GHz) and from oxygen along the absorption complex in the V-band (7 channels from 51.26 to 58 GHz). The HATPRO measurements are also sensitive to radiation emitted from hydrometeors (cloud liquid water). MiRAC-P is a Low Humidity Profiler (LHUMPRO-243-340, Mech et al. 2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5019-2019), also known as the Microwave Radiometer for Arctic Clouds - Passive, that measures atmospheric radiation at higher frequencies along a strong water vapour absorption line in the G-band (6 channels from 183.31 +/- 0.6 to 183.31 +/- 7.5 GHz), and in the window channels (no distinct absorption lines) 243 and 340 GHz.
We developed a Neural Network for each derived quantity. Because of the different water vapour sensitivities of the K-band and the G-band channels, the derived humidity profiles from combined HATPRO and MiRAC-P measurements were strongly improved compared to the HATPRO-only retrievals (see Walbröl et al. 2024; in preparation). Temperature profiles were retrieved from zenith observations using both HATPRO and MiRAC-P measurements (temp), and separately from boundary layer scans from HATPRO only (temp_bl), which were performed once every 30 minutes. Relative humidity (rh) was computed from retrieved q and temp profiles and combined with radiosonde air pressure measurements (Dahlke et al. 2023, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.961881) that were interpolated onto the retrieval height grid and time axis. Specific humidity was retrieved until a height of 10000 m, while temperature and relative humidity profiles are limited to 0-8000 m because of the strong temperature gradient in the tropopause. Error estimates in terms of root mean squared error are provided within each file as variables (e.g., q_rmse for specific humidity). Quality flags of each instrument (flag_h for HATPRO and flag_m for MiRAC-P) are also included in each file and can be used to filter data with bad quality. The data has good quality when the flag values (flag_h and flag_m) are 0 or nan (depends on the importing routine). Additionally, data where flag_h is 32 can also be used with care.
Keyword(s):
Related to:
Dahlke, Sandro; Shupe, Matthew D; Cox, Christopher J; Brooks, Ian M; Blomquist, Byron; Persson, P Ola G (2023): Extended radiosonde profiles 2019/09-2020/10 during MOSAiC Legs PS122/1 - PS122/5 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.961881
Engelmann, Ronny; Ansmann, Albert; Ohneiser, Kevin; Griesche, Hannes; Radenz, Martin; Hofer, Julian; Althausen, Dietrich; Dahlke, Sandro; Maturilli, Marion; Veselovskii, Igor; Jimenez, Cristofer; Wiesen, Robert; Baars, Holger; Bühl, Johannes; Gebauer, Henriette; Haarig, Moritz; Seifert, Patric; Wandinger, Ulla; Macke, Andreas (2021): Wildfire smoke, Arctic haze, and aerosol effects on mixed-phase and cirrus clouds over the North Pole region during MOSAiC: an introduction. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13397-2021
Mech, Mario; Kliesch, Leif-Leonard; Anhäuser, Andreas; Rose, Thomas; Kollias, Pavlos; Crewell, Susanne (2019): Microwave Radar/radiometer for Arctic Clouds (MiRAC): first insights from the ACLOUD campaign. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 12(9), 5019-5037, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5019-2019
Rose, Thomas; Crewell, Susanne; Löhnert, Ulrich; Simmer, Clemens (2005): A network suitable microwave radiometer for operational monitoring of the cloudy atmosphere. Atmospheric Research, 75(3), 183-200, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.12.005
Walbröl, Andreas; Crewell, Susanne; Engelmann, Ronny; Orlandi, Emiliano; Griesche, Hannes; Radenz, Martin; Hofer, Julian; Althausen, Dietrich; Maturilli, Marion; Ebell, Kerstin (2022): Atmospheric temperature, water vapour and liquid water path from two microwave radiometers during MOSAiC. Scientific Data, 9(1), 534, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01504-1
Walbröl, Andreas; Griesche, Hannes; Mech, Mario; Crewell, Susanne; Ebell, Kerstin (accepted): Combining low and high frequency microwave radiometer measurements from the MOSAiC expedition for enhanced water vapour products. this preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (AMT), EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1301
Project(s):
Arctic Amplification (AC3)
OCEANET (OCEANET)
Funding:
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (AWI), grant/award no. AFMOSAiC-1_00: Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (AWI), grant/award no. AWI_PS122_00: Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate / MOSAiC
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 268020496: TRR 172: ArctiC Amplification: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and SurfaCe Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 83.919401 * Median Longitude: 60.911276 * South-bound Latitude: 78.686763 * West-bound Longitude: -6.126275 * North-bound Latitude: 88.413593 * East-bound Longitude: 137.750080
Date/Time Start: 2019-10-22T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2020-10-02T03:59:00
Event(s):
PS122/1_1-38 * Latitude Start: 85.112498 * Longitude Start: 137.750080 * Latitude End: 86.593190 * Longitude End: 119.241500 * Date/Time Start: 2019-09-30T06:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2019-12-13T09:04:45 * O2A Registry URI: registry.o2a-data.de * Campaign: PS122/1 (MOSAiC20192020) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Atmospheric Observatory (ATMOBS)
PS122/2_14-18 * Latitude: 86.593231 * Longitude: 119.237001 * Date/Time: 2019-12-13T09:11:00 * O2A Registry URI: registry.o2a-data.de * Location: Arctic Ocean * Campaign: PS122/2 (MOSAiC20192020) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Atmospheric Observatory (ATMOBS) * Comment: Recording continued from Leg 1
PS122/3_28-6 * Latitude: 88.413593 * Longitude: 36.829898 * Date/Time: 2020-02-27T10:57:00 * O2A Registry URI: registry.o2a-data.de * Location: Arctic Ocean * Campaign: PS122/3 (MOSAiC20192020) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Atmospheric Observatory (ATMOBS)
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | ||||
| 2 | netCDF file | netCDF | ||||
| 3 | Documentation file | DOCS | ||||
| 4 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode – start | |||
| 5 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode – start | |||
| 6 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode – start | |||
| 7 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode – end | |||
| 8 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode – end | |||
| 9 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode – end |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Basic curation (CurationLevelB)
Size:
680 data points