Dangl, Gabriela; Frey, Claudia; Hassenrück, Christiane; Sabbaghzadeh, Bita; Wäge-Recchioni, Janine; Lehmann, Moritz F; Ley, Martin; Rehder, Gregor; Jürgens, Klaus (2024): Nitrous oxide production rates and stable isotopes in the Benguela Upwelling System during METEOR cruise M157 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.966690
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Abstract:
Upwelling systems are significant sources of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N₂O). The Benguela Upwelling System is one of the most productive regions worldwide and a temporally variable source of N₂O. Strong O₂ depletions above the shelf are favoring periodically OMZ formations. We aimed to assess underlying N₂O production and consumption processes on different temporal and spatial scales during austral winter in the Benguela Upwelling System, when O₂-deficiency in the water column is relatively low. The fieldwork took place during the cruise M157 (August 4th – September 16th 2019) onboard the R/V METEOR. This expedition included four close-coastal regions around Walvis Bay at 23°S, which presented the lowest O₂ concentrations near the seafloor and thus may provide hotspots of N₂O production. Seawater was collected in 10 L free-flow bottles by using a rosette system equipped with conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensors (SBE 911plus, Seabird-electronics, USA).
Incubation experiments were performed using stable isotope ¹⁵N-tracers. Seawater samples for ¹⁵N-tracer incubations and natural abundance N₂O analysis were collected from 10 L free-flow bottles and filled bubble-free into 125 mL serum bottles. The samples for natural abundance N₂O analysis were immediately fixed with saturated HgCl₂ and stored in the dark. To perform the incubation, we added ¹⁵N-labeled NO₂-, NO₃⁻ and NH₄⁺ to estimate the in-situ N₂O production rates and associated reactions. To determine a single rate, the bottles were sacrificed after tracer addition, and within the time interval of 12 h, 24 h and 48 h by adding HgCl₂. Rates were calculated based on a linear regression over time. Total N₂O and natural abundance isotopologues of N₂O were analyzed by using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS, Delta V Plus, Thermo Scientific). NO₂- production was additionally analyzed by transforming ¹⁵NO₂- to ¹⁵N₂O following the azide method after McIlvin & Altabet (2005) and the nitrogen isotope ratio of N₂O was measured by an IRMS. N₂ production was determined via an IRMS (Flash-EA-ConfloIV-DELTA V Advanced, Thermo Scientific) by injecting headspace from exetainers. The N₂O yield per nitrite produced and the N₂O yield during denitrification was calculated. Samples for natural abundance N₂O was sampled and measured in triplicates and is shown as an average with standard deviation (SD). In order to estimate the contribution of different N₂O producing pathways by major biological processes and the extent of N₂O reduction to N₂, the dual-isotope mapping approach was applied to natural abundance isotopologues of N₂O, which uses the relative position of background-subtracted N₂O samples in a δ¹⁵Nˢᴾ-N₂O vs. δ¹⁸O-N₂O diagram (Yu et al., 2020; Lewicka-Szczebak et al., 2020).
Keyword(s):
Related to:
Dangl, Gabriela; Frey, Claudia; Hassenrück, Christiane; Sabbaghzadeh, Bita; Wäge-Recchioni, Janine; Lehmann, Moritz F; Ley, Martin; Rehder, Gregor; Jürgens, Klaus (2023): 16S amplicon sequences of the microbial communities in the water column of the Northern Benguela Upwelling System. European Nucleotide Archive (ENA), https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJEB60503
Dangl, Gabriela; Frey, Claudia; Hassenrück, Christiane; Sabbaghzadeh, Bita; Wäge-Recchioni, Janine; Lehmann, Moritz F; Ley, Martin; Rehder, Gregor; Jürgens, Klaus (2023): Inorganic nutrient measurements in the Benguela Upwelling System during METEOR cruise M157. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.956014
Dangl, Gabriela; Frey, Claudia; Hassenrück, Christiane; Sabbaghzadeh, Bita; Wäge-Recchioni, Janine; Lehmann, Moritz F; Ley, Martin; Rehder, Gregor; Jürgens, Klaus (2023): Nitrous oxide measurements in the Benguela Upwelling System during METEOR cruise M157. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.955991
Sabbaghzadeh, Bita; Glockzin, Michael; Rehder, Gregor (2022): Trace gases air daily means during METEOR cruise M157. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.946811
Zabel, Matthias (2020): Short Cruise Report RV METEOR Cruise M157. Expeditionsarchiv FS METEOR, 13, https://www.ldf.uni-hamburg.de/meteor/wochenberichte/wochenberichte-meteor/m156-m159/m157-scr.pdf (m157-scr.pdf)
Original version:
Dangl, Gabriela; Frey, Claudia; Hassenrück, Christiane; Sabbaghzadeh, Bita; Wäge-Recchioni, Janine; Lehmann, Moritz F; Ley, Martin; Rehder, Gregor; Jürgens, Klaus (2023): Nitrous oxide production rates and stable isotopes in the Benguela Upwelling System during METEOR cruise M157. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.956016
References:
Lewicka-Szczebak, Dominika; Lewicki, Maciej Piotr; Well, Reinhard (2020): N2O isotope approaches for source partitioning of N2O production and estimation of N2O reduction – validation with the 15N gas-flux method in laboratory and field studies. Biogeosciences, 17(22), 5513-5537, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5513-2020
McIlvin, Matthew R; Altabet, Mark A (2005): Chemical Conversion of Nitrate and Nitrite to Nitrous Oxide for Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotopic Analysis in Freshwater and Seawater. Analytical Chemistry, 77(17), 5589-5595, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac050528s
Toyoda, Sakae; Kuroki, Natsuko; Yoshida, Naohiro; Ishijima, Kentaro; Tohjima, Yasunori; Machida, Toshinobu (2013): Decadal time series of tropospheric abundance of N2O isotopomers and isotopologues in the Northern Hemisphere obtained by the long-term observation at Hateruma Island, Japan. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 118(8), 3369-3381, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50221
Yu, Longfei; Harris, Eliza; Lewicka-Szczebak, Dominika; Barthel, M; Blomberg, Margareta RA; Harris, Stephen J; Johnson, Matthew S; Lehmann, Moritz F; Liisberg, Jesper; Müller, Christoph; Ostrom, Nathaniel E; Six, Johan; Toyoda, Sakae; Yoshida, Naohiro; Mohn, Joachim (2020): What can we learn from N2O isotope data? - Analytics, processes and modelling. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 34(20), https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.8858
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -22.999986 * Median Longitude: 14.224164 * South-bound Latitude: -23.000120 * West-bound Longitude: 14.053270 * North-bound Latitude: -22.999800 * East-bound Longitude: 14.366900
Date/Time Start: 2019-08-24T14:33:00 * Date/Time End: 2019-09-13T10:49:00
Minimum DEPTH, water: 10 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 127 m
Event(s):
M157_2-9 * Latitude: -22.999800 * Longitude: 14.366900 * Date/Time: 2019-09-13T10:49:00 * Elevation: -46.0 m * Campaign: M157 (BUSUC 1) * Basis: Meteor (1986) * Method/Device: CTD/Rosette (CTD-RO)
M157_14-14 * Latitude: -22.999983 * Longitude: 14.053267 * Date/Time: 2019-08-24T14:33:00 * Elevation: -132.0 m * Campaign: M157 (BUSUC 1) * Basis: Meteor (1986) * Method/Device: CTD/Rosette (CTD-RO)
M157_16-25 * Latitude: -22.999967 * Longitude: 14.216833 * Date/Time: 2019-09-03T04:16:00 * Elevation: -114.0 m * Campaign: M157 (BUSUC 1) * Basis: Meteor (1986) * Method/Device: CTD/Rosette (CTD-RO)
Parameter(s):
# | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Event label | Event | Dangl, Gabriela | |||
2 | Station label | Station | Dangl, Gabriela | |||
3 | Sample code/label | Sample label | Dangl, Gabriela | Sample title used in 16S amplicon sequence data submission | ||
4 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Dangl, Gabriela | Geocode | ||
5 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Dangl, Gabriela | Geocode | ||
6 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Dangl, Gabriela | Geocode | ||
7 | DEPTH, water | Depth water | m | Dangl, Gabriela | Geocode | |
8 | Nitrous oxide production | N2O prod | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | from ammonium, 15N tracer incubations, calculated according to (Trimmer et al. 2016) |
9 | Nitrous oxide production, standard error | N2O prod std e | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | from ammonium, 15N tracer incubations, calculated according to (Trimmer et al. 2016) |
10 | Nitrous oxide production | N2O prod | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | from nitrite, 15N tracer incubations, calculated according to Trimmer et al. (2016) |
11 | Nitrous oxide production, standard error | N2O prod std e | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | from nitrite, 15N tracer incubations, calculated according to Trimmer et al. (2016) |
12 | Nitrous oxide production | N2O prod | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | from nitrate, 15N tracer incubations, calculated according to Trimmer et al. (2016) |
13 | Nitrous oxide production, standard error | N2O prod std e | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | from nitrate, 15N tracer incubations, calculated according to Trimmer et al. (2016) |
14 | Nitrous oxide, limit of detection | N2O LOD | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Calculated | from ammonium |
15 | Nitrous oxide, limit of detection | N2O LOD | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Calculated | from nitrate |
16 | Nitrous oxide, limit of detection | N2O LOD | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Calculated | from nitrite |
17 | Ammonium, oxidation rate | [NH4]+ OR | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | 15N tracer incubation, measured as N2O and calculated according to azide method McIlvin & Altabet (2005) |
18 | Ammonium, oxidation rate, standard error | [NH4]+OR std e | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | 15N tracer incubation, measured as N2O and calculated according to azide method McIlvin & Altabet (2005) |
19 | Nitrate, reduction rate | [NO3]- RR | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | 15N tracer incubation, measured as N2O and calculated according to azide method McIlvin & Altabet (2005) |
20 | Nitrate, reduction rate | [NO3]- RR | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | 15N tracer incubation, measured as N2O and calculated according to azide method McIlvin & Altabet (2005) |
21 | Ammonium, oxidation rate, limit of detection | [NH4]+ OR LOD | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Calculated | |
22 | Nitrate, reduction rate, limit of detection | [NO3]- RR LOD | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Calculated | |
23 | Nitrous oxide, yield | N2O yield | % | Dangl, Gabriela | Calculated | from ammonium oxidation |
24 | Nitrous oxide, yield | N2O yield | % | Dangl, Gabriela | Calculated | from nitrate reduction |
25 | Anammox rate | Anammox rate | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Advantage [Conflo IV interface] | from ammonium, 15N tracer incubations, measured as N2 and calculated according to Thamdrup et al. (2006) |
26 | Anammox rate, standard error | Anammox rate std e | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Advantage [Conflo IV interface] | from ammonium, 15N tracer incubations, measured as N2 and calculated according to Thamdrup et al. (2006) |
27 | Anammox rate | Anammox rate | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Advantage [Conflo IV interface] | from nitrate, 15N tracer incubations, measured as N2 and calculated according to Thamdrup et al. (2006) |
28 | Anammox rate, standard error | Anammox rate std e | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Advantage [Conflo IV interface] | from nitrate, 15N tracer incubations, measured as N2 and calculated according to Thamdrup et al. (2006) |
29 | Anammox rate | Anammox rate | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Advantage [Conflo IV interface] | from nitrite, 15N tracer incubations, measured as N2 and calculated according to Thamdrup et al. (2006) |
30 | Anammox rate, standard error | Anammox rate std e | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Advantage [Conflo IV interface] | from nitrite, 15N tracer incubations, measured as N2 and calculated according to Thamdrup et al. (2006) |
31 | Denitrification | Denitrifi | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Advantage [Conflo IV interface] | from nitrate, 15N tracer incubations, measured as N2 and calculated according to Thamdrup et al. (2006) |
32 | Denitrification rate, standard error | Denitrifi std e | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Advantage [Conflo IV interface] | from nitrate, 15N tracer incubations, measured as N2 and calculated according to Thamdrup et al. (2006) |
33 | Denitrification | Denitrifi | nmol/l/day | Dangl, Gabriela | Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Advantage [Conflo IV interface] | from nitrite, 15N tracer incubations, measured as N2 and calculated according to Thamdrup et al. (2006) |
34 | Denitrification rate, standard error | Denitrifi std e | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Advantage [Conflo IV interface] | from nitrite, 15N tracer incubations, measured as N2 and calculated according to Thamdrup et al. (2006) |
35 | Nitrous oxide, yield | N2O yield | % | Dangl, Gabriela | Calculated | from denitrification |
36 | Site preference, N2O | SP N2O | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | in ‰ | |
37 | Site preference, N2O, standard deviation | SP N2O std dev | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | |
38 | δ18O, nitrous oxide | δ18O N2O | ‰ | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | ‰ VSMOW |
39 | δ18O, nitrous oxide, standard deviation | δ18O N2O std dev | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | |
40 | δ15N, nitrous oxide | δ15N N2O | ‰ | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | ‰ AIR (bulk) |
41 | δ15N, nitrous oxide, standard deviation | δ15N N2O std dev | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | |
42 | δ15N-alpha, nitrous oxide | δ15Na N2O | ‰ | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | ‰ AIR (α) |
43 | δ15N-alpha, nitrous oxide, standard deviation | δ15Na N2O std dev | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | |
44 | δ15Nbeta, nitrous oxide | δ15Nb N2O | ‰ | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | ‰ AIR (β) |
45 | δ15Nbeta, nitrous oxide, standard deviation | δ15Nb N2O std dev | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | |
46 | Site preference, N2O | SP N2O | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | in ‰; background-subtracted; corrected with present troposphere values: δ15Nbulk-N2O = 6.96 ‰, δ18O-N2O = 44.24 ‰, δ15NSP-N2O = 18.45 ‰; Toyoda et al. (2013); calculated for dual-isotope mapping approach according to Yu et al. (2020) and Lewicka-Szczebak et al. (2020) | |
47 | Site preference, N2O, standard deviation | SP N2O std dev | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | background-subtracted; calculated for dual-isotope mapping approach according to Yu et al. (2020) and Lewicka-Szczebak et al. (2020) |
48 | δ15N, nitrous oxide | δ15N N2O | ‰ | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | ‰; background-subtracted; corrected with present troposphere values: δ15Nbulk-N2O = 6.96 ‰, δ18O-N2O = 44.24 ‰, δ15NSP-N2O = 18.45 ‰; Toyoda et al. (2013); calculated for dual-isotope mapping approach according to Yu et al. (2020) and Lewicka-Szczebak et al. (2020) |
49 | δ15N, nitrous oxide, standard deviation | δ15N N2O std dev | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | background-subtracted; calculated for dual-isotope mapping approach according to Yu et al. (2020) and Lewicka-Szczebak et al. (2020) |
50 | δ18O, nitrous oxide | δ18O N2O | ‰ | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | ‰; background-subtracted; corrected with present troposphere values: δ15Nbulk-N2O = 6.96 ‰, δ18O-N2O = 44.24 ‰, δ15NSP-N2O = 18.45 ‰; Toyoda et al. (2013); calculated for dual-isotope mapping approach according to Yu et al. (2020) and Lewicka-Szczebak et al. (2020) |
51 | δ18O, nitrous oxide, standard deviation | δ18O N2O std dev | ± | Dangl, Gabriela | Gas Chromatograph (GC), Manufacturer unknown, custom built; coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta V Plus | background-subtracted; calculated for dual-isotope mapping approach according to Yu et al. (2020) and Lewicka-Szczebak et al. (2020) |
Change history:
2024-03-18T08:08:21 – Previous version doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.956016 contains errors due to data processing.
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
801 data points