Sigl, Michael; McConnell, Joseph R; Chellman, Nathan J (2023): GISP2 ice-core volcanic sulfate concentration and deposition between 2635 and 2638 m depth (c. 80 ka BP) [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.962783
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Abstract:
We present continuous records of 1 cm resolved sodium, sulfur, non-sea-salt sulfur, size-resolved insoluble particle concentrations and liquid conductivity using a Continuous Flow Analysis (CFA) system (McConnell et al., 2017) from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project Two (GISP2; 72.97°N, 38.80°W) ice core and estimated volcanic sulfate mass depositions for the depth interval 2635-2638 m (equivalent to an age of c. 80 ka BP on GICC05modelext (Seierstad et al., 2014) and 79.5 ka BP on AICC2012 (Veres et al., 2013). The reconstruction is based on sulfur measurements employing high-resolution continuous flow analysis coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry performed at the Desert Research Institute (Reno, NV, USA) under (class 100) cleanroom conditions. Volcanic eruptions are detected when annual sulfur concentrations exceeded the background concentrations + 4 times the median of the absolute deviation. Background concentrations are estimated using a 101-point running median. Volcanic sulfate deposition rates are calculated by subtracting the background concentrations from total sulfate equivalent (i.e. sulfur x 3) concentrations using thinning corrected estimates of mean ice accumulation rates at the ice-core site.
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References:
McConnell, Joseph R; Burke, Andrea; Dunbar, Nelia W; Köhler, Peter; Thomas, Jennie L; Arienzo, Monica M; Chellman, Nathan J; Maselli, Olivia J; Sigl, Michael; Adkins, Jess F; Baggenstos, Daniel; Burkhart, John F; Brook, Edward J; Buizert, Christo; Cole-Dai, Jihong; Fudge, Tyler J; Knorr, Gregor; Graf, Hans-Friedrich; Grieman, Mackenzie M; Iverson, Nels; McGwire, Kenneth C; Mulvaney, Robert; Paris, Guillaume; Rhodes, Rachael H; Saltzman, Eric S; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P; Steffensen, Jørgen Peder; Taylor, Kendrick C; Winckler, Gisela (2017): Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ∼17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(38), 10035-10040, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705595114
Seierstad, Inger K; Abbott, Peter M; Bigler, Matthias; Blunier, Thomas; Bourne, Anna J; Brook, Edward J; Buchardt, Susanne L; Buizert, Christo; Clausen, Henrik Brink; Cook, Eliza; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Davies, Siwan M; Guillevic, Myriam; Johnsen, Sigfús Jóhann; Pedersen, Desirée S; Popp, Trevor J; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P; Svensson, Anders M; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe (2014): Consistently dated records from the Greenland GRIP, GISP2 and NGRIP ice cores for the past 104 ka reveal regional millennial-scale δ18O gradients with possible Heinrich event imprint. Quaternary Science Reviews, 106, 29-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.032
Veres, Daniel; Bazin, Lucie; Landais, Amaëlle; Toyé Mahamadou Kele, H; Lemieux-Dudon, Bénédicte; Parrenin, Frédéric; Martinerie, Patricia; Blayo, Eric; Blunier, Thomas; Capron, Emilie; Chappellaz, Jérôme A; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Severi, Mirko; Svensson, Anders M; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Wolff, Eric William (2013): The Antarctic ice core chronology (AICC2012): an optimized multi-parameter and multi-site dating approach for the last 120 thousand years. Climate of the Past, 9(4), 1733-1748, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1733-2013
Funding:
European Research Council (ERC), grant/award no. 820047: Timing of Holocene volcanic eruptions and their radiative aerosol forcing (THERA)
Coverage:
Latitude: 72.970000 * Longitude: -38.800000
Date/Time Start: 1990-01-01T00:39:00 * Date/Time End: 1990-01-01T00:39:00
Minimum DEPTH, ice/snow: 2635.005 m * Maximum DEPTH, ice/snow: 2637.965 m
Event(s):
GISP2 * Latitude: 72.970000 * Longitude: -38.800000 * Date/Time: 1990-01-01T00:39:00 * Elevation: 3208.0 m * Recovery: 3053 m * Campaign: GISP * Basis: Sampling/drilling ice * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: GISP2 is a combination of the shallow B and the deeper D core; about 200 ka
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DEPTH, ice/snow | Depth ice/snow | m | Sigl, Michael | Geocode | |
| 2 | AGE | Age | ka BP | Sigl, Michael | Geocode – Meese/Sowers Age | |
| 3 | AGE | Age | ka BP | Sigl, Michael | Geocode – GICC05modelext Age | |
| 4 | AGE | Age | ka BP | Sigl, Michael | Geocode – AICC2012 Age, synchronized with EDC at 79.512 ka BP | |
| 5 | Accumulation rate in ice equivalent per year | Acc rate ice per year | m/a | Sigl, Michael | Corrected | Thinning-corrected |
| 6 | Conductivity, electrolytic | EC | µS/cm | Sigl, Michael | Continuous Flow Analysis (CFA) | |
| 7 | Dust, insoluble | Dust insol | µg/kg | Sigl, Michael | Continuous Flow Analysis (CFA) | 1.2-2.6 µm fraction of insoluble particles |
| 8 | Dust, insoluble | Dust insol | µg/kg | Sigl, Michael | Continuous Flow Analysis (CFA) | 2.6-4.5 µm fraction of insoluble particles |
| 9 | Dust, insoluble | Dust insol | µg/kg | Sigl, Michael | Continuous Flow Analysis (CFA) | 4.5-9.5 µm fraction of insoluble particles |
| 10 | Sodium | Na+ | µg/kg | Sigl, Michael | Continuous Flow Analysis (CFA) | |
| 11 | Sulfate | [SO4]2- | µg/kg | Sigl, Michael | Continuous Flow Analysis (CFA) | |
| 12 | Sulfur, non-sea-salt | nssS | µg/kg | Sigl, Michael | Continuous Flow Analysis (CFA) | |
| 13 | Sulfate, background | Bkg [SO4]2- | µg/kg | Sigl, Michael | Calculated, running median | 101-point reduced running median |
| 14 | Sulfate, volcanic | Volc [SO4]2- volc | µg/kg | Sigl, Michael | Calculated | |
| 15 | Deposition of sulfate, volcanic | Volc [SO4]2- depos | kg/km2 | Sigl, Michael | Calculated | |
| 16 | Deposition of sulfate, volcanic, cumulative | Volc [SO4]2- depos cum | kg/m2 | Sigl, Michael | Calculated | provided for the start of volcanic sulfate deposition |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC) * Processing Level: PANGAEA data processing level 3 (ProcLevel3)
Size:
3270 data points
Download Data
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