Yanuka-Golub, Keren; Belkin, Natalia; Weber, Nurit; Mayyani, Meor; Levy, Yehuda; Reznik, Itay J; Rubin-Blum, Maxim; Rahav, Eyal; Kiro, Yael (2024): Groundwater microorganisms affect coastal seawater microbial abundance, activity and diversity [dataset bundled publication]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.962218
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Abstract:
We investigated seawater microbial abundance, activity and diversity in a site strongly influenced by submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). We combined in-situ observations and laboratory-controlled bottle incubations mimicking different mixing scenarios between SGD (either ambient or filtered through 0.1 µm/0.22 µm) and seawater. Three sampling campaigns (August 2020, February 2021 and July 2021) were conducted at a field site, highly influenced by SGD (Achziv, northern Israel), which we recently compared to a reference site (Shikmona) at the oligotrophic Israeli shallow rocky coast. Each field campaign lasted 2-5 days and covered at least 2 tidal cycles. Porewater samples were collected on the shoreline using piezometers (AMS piezometers that reach depths of <2 meters) and a portable peristaltic pump. The density (g cm-3), electric conductivity (mS/cm), temperature (°C) and pH, of surface seawater, porewater and groundwater were measured on-site at the time of the sampling.
Samples for microbial analysis were collected from the piezometers and divided to aliquots:
1. For community analysis, samples were immediately filtered through polycarbonate 0.2 μm pore size filters, which were kept on ice and transported to the laboratory on the same day. Filter samples were stored frozen (-20°C) until DNA extraction (filtered porewater were kept for dissolved nutrient measurements. After thawing, each filter was cut into small pieces using a sterile scalpel blade, which was placed immediately into PowerSoil DNA bead tubes and extracted with the dNeasy PowerSoil Kit (Qiagen, USA) following the standard protocol. To generate 16S rRNA gene libraries, the V3–V4 hypervariable region of the 16S gene was amplified and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Quality-filtered reads were imported into QIIME 2 platform, denoised, dereplicated, clustered and trimmed using the DADA2 plugin. Taxonomic assignment of the ASVs was achieved against the Silva database. The ASV table is provided under "additional metadata". Raw data from Illumina MiSeq sequencing are deposited to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Sequence Read Archive (SRA) under BioProject number PRJNA973031 (will be available upon publication).
2. For Pico-/nano-phytoplankton and heterotrophic prokaryotic abundance, non-filtered samples were chilled on ice and transported to the laboratory on the same day. Samples (1.8 mL) were fixed with glutaraldehyde (final concentration 0.02 % v:v, Sigma-Aldrich 253 G7651), frozen in liquid nitrogen, and later stored at −80°C until analysis. The abundance of autotrophic pico- and nano-eukaryotes, Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus, and other heterotrophic prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) was determined using an Attune® Acoustic Focusing Flow Cytometer (Applied Biosystems) equipped with a syringe based fluidic system and 488 and 405 nm lasers. To measure heterotrophic prokaryote abundance, a sample aliquot was stained with SYBR Green (Applied Biosystems).
3. Prokaryotic (bacteria and archaea) heterotrophic production was estimated using the 3H-leucine incorporation method. Photosynthetic carbon fixation rates were estimated using the 14C incorporation method.
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Supplement to:
Yanuka-Golub, Keren; Belkin, Natalia; Weber, Nurit; Mayyani, Meor; Levy, Yehuda; Reznik, Itay J; Rubin-Blum, Maxim; Rahav, Eyal; Kiro, Yael (accepted): Allochthonous groundwater microorganisms affect coastal seawater microbial abundance, activity and diversity. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.14.540660
Related to:
Rahav, Eyal; Raveh, Ofrat; Yanuka-Golub, Keren; Belkin, Natalia; Astrahan, Peleg; Maayani, Meor; Tsumi, Noam; Kiro, Yael; Herut, Barak; Silverman, Jacob; Angel, Dror L (2020): Nitrate-Enrichment Structures Phytoplankton Communities in the Shallow Eastern Mediterranean Coastal Waters. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, 611497, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.611497
Additional metadata:
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 32.945278 * Median Longitude: 35.029722 * South-bound Latitude: 32.826111 * West-bound Longitude: 34.955556 * North-bound Latitude: 33.064444 * East-bound Longitude: 35.103889
Date/Time Start: 2020-06-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2021-07-20T11:40:00
Comment:
This work was partly supported by:
The Israeli National Monitoring Program and by the Ministry of Energy (grant number 3-11519). Sustainability and Energy Research Initiative (SAERI) grant. Helen Kimmel Center for Planetary Science grant. De Botton center for Marine Sciences grant. This study was supported by the, Zuckerman Faculty Scholars program, a research grant from the Center for Scientific Excellence, a research grant from the Raymond Lapon Fund, and the Estate of David Levinson, a research grant from Paul and Tina Gardner, and a research grant from the Center for New Scientists at the Weizmann Institute of Science.
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
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Datasets listed in this bundled publication
- Yanuka-Golub, K; Belkin, N; Weber, N et al. (2024): Investigating the chemistry and biology of porewater and seawater in a site highly influenced by Submarine Groundwater Discharge, SGD (Achziv, northern Israel). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.962220
- Yanuka-Golub, K; Belkin, N; Weber, N et al. (2024): Investigating the contribution of SGD to the coastal microbial community with bottle incubation experiments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.962219