<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><md:MetaData xmlns:md="http://www.pangaea.de/MetaData" version="2026-04-13">
<md:citation id="dataset961730">
<md:author id="dataset.author94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="dataset.author94589">
<md:lastName>Crowther</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>D L</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="dataset.author21722">
<md:lastName>Calvert</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Stephen E</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>calvert@eos.ubc.ca</md:eMail>
</md:author>
<md:year>2023</md:year>
<md:title>Bulk chemical composition of manganese deposits fom the Pacific Ocean</md:title>
<md:type id="dataset.reftype10" includeInCitation="true">dataset</md:type>
<md:URI>https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.961730</md:URI>
<md:dateTime>2023-08-25T11:26:07</md:dateTime>
</md:citation>
<md:abstract>Knowledge of the oxidation states and of the chemical speciation of metals in ferromanganese deposits is of interest to aid in understanding the association of metals with the major oxyhydroxide phases and to gain further insight into the mechanisms of metal uptake. This type of analysis was conducted on ferromanganese nodules and crusts from the Pacific obtained from collections at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. For the bulk analyses, splits of the nodular material were ground in agate and analyzed by x-ray emission spectroscopy (XRE).</md:abstract>
<md:reference dataciteRelType="References" group="210" id="ref119779" relationType="Related to" relationTypeId="12">
<md:author id="ref119779.author94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref119779.author94589">
<md:lastName>Crowther</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>D L</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref119779.author21722">
<md:lastName>Calvert</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Stephen E</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>calvert@eos.ubc.ca</md:eMail>
</md:author>
<md:year>1984</md:year>
<md:title>X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of ferromanganese nodules: Chemical speciation for selected transition metals</md:title>
<md:source id="ref119779.journal6009" relatedTermIds="33971" type="journal">Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta</md:source>
<md:volume>48(7)</md:volume>
<md:URI>https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(84)90412-5</md:URI>
<md:pages>1565-1569</md:pages>
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<md:author id="ref119784.author33160">
<md:lastName>Manheim</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Frank T</md:firstName>
<md:orcid>0000-0003-4005-4524</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref119784.author97447">
<md:lastName>Lane-Bostwick</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>C M</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:year>1989</md:year>
<md:title>Chemical composition of ferromanganese crusts in the world ocean: A review and comprehensive database. Table 12 Chemical composition of ferromanganese crusts as reported in Glasby (written communication), Dillard and Crowther (1984) and Exon (1982)</md:title>
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<md:source>U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report</md:source>
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<md:pages>C12-1</md:pages>
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<md:lastName>Grant</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>John Bruce</md:firstName>
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<md:author id="ref67195.author568">
<md:lastName>Moore</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Carla J</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>carla.j.moore@noaa.gov</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-2610-8648</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref67195.author53899">
<md:lastName>Alameddin</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>George</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref67195.author53900">
<md:lastName>Chen</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Kuiying</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref67195.author53901">
<md:lastName>Barton</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Mark</md:firstName>
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<md:year>1992</md:year>
<md:title>The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database</md:title>
<md:source>National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA</md:source>
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<md:reference dataciteRelType="IsDocumentedBy" group="640" id="ref67263" relationType="Further details" relationTypeId="17">
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<md:lastName>Warnken</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Robin R</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rrw@luna.ngdc.noaa.gov</md:eMail>
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<md:lastName>Virden</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>William T</md:firstName>
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<md:author id="ref67263.author568">
<md:lastName>Moore</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Carla J</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>carla.j.moore@noaa.gov</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-2610-8648</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:year>1992</md:year>
<md:title>The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography</md:title>
<md:source>National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA</md:source>
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<md:comment>PI:  Menard, Henry William</md:comment>
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<md:responsible>Goldberg, Edward D</md:responsible>
<md:chiefScientist warning="deprecated">Goldberg, Edward D</md:chiefScientist>
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<md:name>Horizon</md:name>
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<md:location id="event2777703.term20898">
<md:name>Pacific Ocean</md:name>
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<md:start warning="deprecated">1950-08-01</md:start>
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<md:basis id="event2777703.campaign3379282.basis72">
<md:name>Horizon</md:name>
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<md:name>Horizon</md:name>
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<md:license id="license21">
<md:label>CC-BY-4.0</md:label>
<md:name>Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</md:name>
<md:URI>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</md:URI>
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<md:comment>From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.
This dataset represents the digitized Table 1, pp. 1566 of the related publication.</md:comment>
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</md:PI>
<md:caption>Ti [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="10" format="0.00" id="col10.ds14987288" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col10.ds14987288.param77">
<md:name>Iron</md:name>
<md:shortName>Fe</md:shortName>
<md:unit>%</md:unit>
<md:term id="col10.ds14987288.param77.term43794" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#DimensionlessRatio" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Dimensionless Ratio</md:name>
<md:optionalName>ψ</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col10.ds14987288.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col10.ds14987288.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Fe [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="11" format="0.00" id="col11.ds14987289" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col11.ds14987289.param79">
<md:name>Calcium</md:name>
<md:shortName>Ca</md:shortName>
<md:unit>%</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="7" fragment="1" id="col11.ds14987289.param79.term38520" semanticURI="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22984" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>calcium</md:name>
<md:optionalName>Ca</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:22984</md:URI>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col11.ds14987289.param79.term43794" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#DimensionlessRatio" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Dimensionless Ratio</md:name>
<md:optionalName>ψ</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col11.ds14987289.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col11.ds14987289.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Ca [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="12" format="0.00" id="col12.ds14987290" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col12.ds14987290.param80">
<md:name>Magnesium</md:name>
<md:shortName>Mg</md:shortName>
<md:unit>%</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="9" fragment="1" id="col12.ds14987290.param80.term40665" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>magnesium</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col12.ds14987290.param80.term43794" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#DimensionlessRatio" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Dimensionless Ratio</md:name>
<md:optionalName>ψ</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col12.ds14987290.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col12.ds14987290.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Mg [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="13" format="0.00" id="col13.ds14987291" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col13.ds14987291.param90">
<md:name>Potassium</md:name>
<md:shortName>K</md:shortName>
<md:unit>%</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="9" fragment="1" id="col13.ds14987291.param90.term40134" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>potassium</md:name>
<md:optionalName>K</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col13.ds14987291.param90.term43794" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#DimensionlessRatio" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Dimensionless Ratio</md:name>
<md:optionalName>ψ</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col13.ds14987291.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col13.ds14987291.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>K [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="14" format="0.00" id="col14.ds14987292" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col14.ds14987292.param26929">
<md:name>Phosphorus</md:name>
<md:shortName>P</md:shortName>
<md:unit>%</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="10" fragment="1" id="col14.ds14987292.param26929.term39985" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>phosphorus</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col14.ds14987292.param26929.term43794" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#DimensionlessRatio" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Dimensionless Ratio</md:name>
<md:optionalName>ψ</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col14.ds14987292.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col14.ds14987292.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>P [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="15" format="0.00" id="col15.ds14987293" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col15.ds14987293.param78">
<md:name>Manganese</md:name>
<md:shortName>Mn</md:shortName>
<md:unit>%</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="9" fragment="1" id="col15.ds14987293.param78.term38521" semanticURI="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18291" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>manganese</md:name>
<md:optionalName>Mn</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:18291</md:URI>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col15.ds14987293.param78.term43794" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#DimensionlessRatio" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Dimensionless Ratio</md:name>
<md:optionalName>ψ</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col15.ds14987293.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col15.ds14987293.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Mn [%]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="16" format="0" id="col16.ds14987294" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col16.ds14987294.param677">
<md:name>Arsenic</md:name>
<md:shortName>As</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="7" fragment="1" id="col16.ds14987294.param677.term40847" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>arsenic</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col16.ds14987294.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col16.ds14987294.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>As [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="17" format="0" id="col17.ds14987295" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col17.ds14987295.param82">
<md:name>Barium</md:name>
<md:shortName>Ba</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="6" fragment="1" id="col17.ds14987295.param82.term40966" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>barium</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col17.ds14987295.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col17.ds14987295.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Ba [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="18" format="0" id="col18.ds14987296" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col18.ds14987296.param85">
<md:name>Cobalt</md:name>
<md:shortName>Co</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="6" fragment="1" id="col18.ds14987296.param85.term44327" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>cobalt</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col18.ds14987296.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col18.ds14987296.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Co [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="19" format="0" id="col19.ds14987297" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col19.ds14987297.param86">
<md:name>Copper</md:name>
<md:shortName>Cu</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="6" fragment="1" id="col19.ds14987297.param86.term40561" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>copper</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col19.ds14987297.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col19.ds14987297.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Cu [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="20" format="0" id="col20.ds14987298" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col20.ds14987298.param83">
<md:name>Molybdenum</md:name>
<md:shortName>Mo</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="10" fragment="1" id="col20.ds14987298.param83.term40560" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>molybdenum</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col20.ds14987298.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col20.ds14987298.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Mo [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="21" format="0" id="col21.ds14987299" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col21.ds14987299.param84">
<md:name>Nickel</md:name>
<md:shortName>Ni</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="6" fragment="1" id="col21.ds14987299.param84.term40559" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>nickel</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col21.ds14987299.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col21.ds14987299.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Ni [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="22" format="0" id="col22.ds14987300" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col22.ds14987300.param700">
<md:name>Lead</md:name>
<md:shortName>Pb</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="4" fragment="1" id="col22.ds14987300.param700.term44323" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>lead</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col22.ds14987300.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col22.ds14987300.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Pb [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="23" format="0" id="col23.ds14987301" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col23.ds14987301.param81">
<md:name>Strontium</md:name>
<md:shortName>Sr</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="9" fragment="1" id="col23.ds14987301.param81.term40663" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>strontium</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col23.ds14987301.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col23.ds14987301.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Sr [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="24" format="0" id="col24.ds14987302" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col24.ds14987302.param679">
<md:name>Yttrium</md:name>
<md:shortName>Y</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="7" fragment="1" id="col24.ds14987302.param679.term42027" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>yttrium</md:name>
<md:optionalName>Y</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col24.ds14987302.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col24.ds14987302.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Y [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="25" format="0" id="col25.ds14987303" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col25.ds14987303.param675">
<md:name>Zinc</md:name>
<md:shortName>Zn</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="4" fragment="1" id="col25.ds14987303.param675.term41047" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>zinc</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col25.ds14987303.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col25.ds14987303.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Zn [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="26" format="0" id="col26.ds14987304" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col26.ds14987304.param680">
<md:name>Zirconium</md:name>
<md:shortName>Zr</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/kg</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="9" fragment="1" id="col26.ds14987304.param680.term40752" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>zirconium</md:name>
<md:optionalName>Zr</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col26.ds14987304.method6237">
<md:name>X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)</md:name>
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<md:PI id="col26.ds14987304.pi94588">
<md:lastName>Dillard</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>J G</md:firstName>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Zr [mg/kg]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
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<md:curationLevel id="curlevel30">
<md:label>CurationLevelC</md:label>
<md:name>Enhanced curation</md:name>
<md:URI>https://wiki.pangaea.de/wiki/Curation_levels</md:URI>
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<md:techKeyword type="autoGenerated">citable</md:techKeyword>
<md:keyword id="keywords.term267" type="fromDatabase">Geochemistry</md:keyword>
<md:keyword id="keywords.term70672" type="fromDatabase">manganese micronodule</md:keyword>
<md:keyword id="keywords.term70603" type="fromDatabase">manganese nodule</md:keyword>
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