Citation:

PANGAEA.960103

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and fitness and immune system of Pacific White Shrimp
Published: 2023-06-28
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Arthropoda; Benthic animals; Benthos; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Litopenaeus vannamei; Mortality/Survival; Not applicable; Other studied parameter or process; Single species

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Abstract:

The atmospheric partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) has been increasing dramatically since the beginning of the industrial revolution and about 30% of the CO2 produced by anthropogenic activities was absorbed by the ocean. This led to a perturbation of the seawater carbonate chemistry resulting in a decrease of the average surface ocean pH by 0.1 and termed ocean acidification (OA). Projections suggest that pCO2 may reach 900 μatm by the end of the twenty-first century lowering the average pH of the surface ocean by 0.4 units. The negative impacts of OA on many species of marine invertebrates such as mollusks, echinoderms, and crustaceans are well documented. However, less attention has been paid to the impacts of low pH on fitness and immune system in crustaceans. Here, we exposed Pacific white shrimps to 3 different pHs (nominal pH 8.0, 7.9, and 7.6) over a 100-days experiment. We found that, even though there were no significant effects on fitness parameters (survival, growth and allometries between length and weight), some immune markers were modified under low pH. A significant decrease in total hemocyte count and phenoloxidase activity was observed in shrimps exposed to pH 7.6 as compared to pH 8.0; and phagocytosis rate significantly decreased with decreasing pH. A significant increase in superoxide production was also observed at pH 7.6 as compared to pH 8.0. All these results suggest that a 100-days exposure to pH 7.6 did not have a direct effect on fitness but lead to a modulation of the immune response.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Arthropoda; Benthic animals; Benthos; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Litopenaeus vannamei; Mortality/Survival; Not applicable; Other studied parameter or process; Single species

Supplement to:

Weerathunga, Veran; Huang, Wei-Jen; Dupont, Sam; Hsieh, Hsueh-Han; Piyawardhana, Nathangi; Yuan, Fei-Ling; Liao, Jhe-Syuan; Lai, Chia-Yu; Chen, Wei-Ming; Hung, Chin-Chang (2021): Impacts of pH on the Fitness and Immune System of Pacific White Shrimp. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 748837, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.748837

Documentation:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James; Gentili, Bernard; Hagens, Mathilde; Hofmann, Andreas; Mueller, Jens-Daniel; Proye, Aurélien; Rae, James; Soetaert, Karline (2022): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.3.1. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seacarb/index.html

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2022) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2023-06-28.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type of study	Study type		Weerathunga, Veran
2	Species, unique identification	Species UID		Weerathunga, Veran
3	Species, unique identification (URI)	Species UID (URI)		Weerathunga, Veran
4	Species, unique identification (Semantic URI)	Species UID (Semantic URI)		Weerathunga, Veran
5	Identification	ID		Weerathunga, Veran
6	Treatment: pH	T:pH		Weerathunga, Veran
7	pH	pH		Weerathunga, Veran	Potentiometric	NBS scale
8	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Weerathunga, Veran
9	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Weerathunga, Veran	Calculated using CO2SYS
10	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Weerathunga, Veran	Calculated using CO2SYS
11	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Weerathunga, Veran	Calculated using CO2SYS
12	Survival	Survival	%	Weerathunga, Veran
13	Mass	Mass	g	Weerathunga, Veran		Initial
14	Length	l	cm	Weerathunga, Veran		Initial
15	Mass	Mass	g	Weerathunga, Veran		End
16	Length	l	cm	Weerathunga, Veran		End
17	Growth rate	µ	cm/day	Weerathunga, Veran
18	Hemocytes	Hemocytes	#/ml	Weerathunga, Veran		total
19	Superoxide production	SOP		Weerathunga, Veran
20	Phagocytic activity	PO act		Weerathunga, Veran
21	Phagocytosis	Phago	%	Weerathunga, Veran		activity
22	Salinity	Sal		Weerathunga, Veran
23	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Weerathunga, Veran
24	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Weerathunga, Veran
25	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Weerathunga, Veran
26	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
28	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
31	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
33	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

297 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Study type	2 Species UID	3 Species UID (URI)	4 Species UID (Semantic URI)	5 ID	6 T:pH	7 pH (NBS scale, Potentiometric)	8 DIC [µmol/kg]	9 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	10 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	11 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	12 Survival [%]	13 Mass [g] (Initial)	14 l [cm] (Initial)	15 Mass [g] (End)	16 l [cm] (End)	17 µ [cm/day]	18 Hemocytes [#/ml] (total)	19 SOP	20 PO act	21 Phago [%] (activity)	22 Sal	23 Sal std dev [±]	24 Temp [°C]	25 Temp std dev [±]	26 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	27 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	28 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	29 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	30 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	31 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	32 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	33 AT [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	34 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	35 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
laboratory	Litopenaeus vannamei	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:247789	1	7.9	7.88	2114.3	914	111.1	1979.8	33	9.6	10.0	19.4	14.6	0.05	2390000	2.6	0.06	45.3	32.7	0.2	27.6	0.2	27	7.73	24.76	918.93	921.79	1969.04	120.50	2262.4	1.97	2.97
laboratory	Litopenaeus vannamei	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:247789	2	8.0	8.05	2072.8	610	155.8	1902.0	40	9.4	10.3	21.0	15.1	0.05	2150000	1.5	0.08	62.7	32.7	0.2	27.6	0.2	27	7.90	16.03	595.11	596.95	1886.05	170.71	2300.9	2.79	4.21
laboratory	Litopenaeus vannamei	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:247789	3	7.6	7.58	2232.4	1839	65.3	2107.3	53	9.6	9.7	21.0	14.5	0.05	2100000	3.1	0.04	37.3	32.7	0.2	27.6	0.2	27	7.44	53.02	1967.96	1974.08	2114.49	64.89	2272.1	1.06	1.60
laboratory	Litopenaeus vannamei	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:247789	4	7.9	7.86	2135.2	951	109.1	1998.8	40	9.6	9.7	24.3	15.5	0.06	1880000	2.3	0.06	46.3	32.7	0.2	27.6	0.2	27	7.72	26.23	973.58	976.60	1992.51	116.46	2275.7	1.90	2.87
laboratory	Litopenaeus vannamei	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:247789	5	8.0	8.03	2080.8	625	153.3	1910.4	47	9.8	9.7	19.9	14.4	0.05	4030000	2.3	0.07	60.8	32.7	0.2	27.6	0.2	27	7.89	16.91	627.43	629.37	1899.64	164.26	2298.8	2.68	4.05
laboratory	Litopenaeus vannamei	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:247789	6	7.6	7.58	2233.8	1929	60.4	2117.3	33	9.5	9.7	22.0	15.1	0.06	2330000	3.9	0.03	36.1	32.7	0.2	27.6	0.2	27	7.44	53.06	1969.30	1975.42	2115.82	64.92	2273.5	1.06	1.60
laboratory	Litopenaeus vannamei	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:247789	7	7.9	7.89	2127.6	938	110.9	1995.6	40	8.6	10.7	19.7	14.5	0.04	1980000	2.5	0.04	54.5	32.7	0.2	27.6	0.2	27	7.75	24.32	902.53	905.33	1979.31	123.97	2280.7	2.02	3.06
laboratory	Litopenaeus vannamei	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:247789	8	8.0	8.03	2097.0	600	158.5	1908.9	33	8.7	10.5	22.2	15.1	0.05	2370000	1.5	0.06	63.1	32.7	0.2	27.6	0.2	27	7.89	17.04	632.45	634.41	1914.45	165.51	2316.1	2.70	4.08
laboratory	Litopenaeus vannamei	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:247789	9	7.6	7.56	2241.2	1874	70.1	2097.1	27	8.3	10.3	21.3	15.4	0.05	1060000	3.6	0.05	34.7	32.7	0.2	27.6	0.2	27	7.42	55.76	2069.59	2076.02	2123.23	62.21	2274.3	1.01	1.53