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Müller, Marius N; Dorantes-Aranda, Juan José; Seger, Andreas; Botana, Marina T; Brandini, Frederico Pereira; Hallegraeff, Gustaaf M (2023): Seawater carbonate chemistry and ichthyotoxicity of the dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.959616

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Abstract:
The ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum has a worldwide distribution and produces highly potent lytic toxins (karlotoxins) that have been associated with massive fish kill events in coastal environments. The capacity of K. veneficum to gain energy from photosynthesis as well as phagotrophy enables cellular maintenance, growth and dispersal under a broad range of environmental conditions. Coastal ecosystems are highly dynamic in light of the prevailing physicochemical conditions, such as seawater carbonate speciation (CO2, HCO3−, and CO32−) and pH. Here, we monitored the growth rate and ichthyotoxicity of K. veneficum in response to a seawater pH gradient. K. veneficum exhibited a significant linear reduction in growth rate with elevated seawater acidity [pH(totalscale) from 8.05 to 7.50]. Ichthyotoxicity was assessed by exposing fish gill cells to K. veneficum extracts and subsequent quantification of gill cell viability via resorufin fluorescence. Extracts of K. veneficum indicated increased toxicity when derived from elevated pH treatments. The variation in growth rate and toxin production per cell in regard to seawater pH implies that (1) future alteration of seawater carbonate speciation, due to anthropogenic ocean acidification, may negatively influence physiological performance and ecosystem interactions of K. veneficum and (2) elevated seawater pH values (>8.0) represent favorable conditions for K. veneficum growth and toxicity. This suggests that prey of K. veneficum may be exposed to increased karlotoxin concentrations at conditions when nutrients are scarce and seawater pH has been elevated due to high photosynthetic activity from prior autotrophic phytoplankton blooms.
Keyword(s):
Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Chromista; Growth/Morphology; Karlodinium veneficum; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Myzozoa; Not applicable; Other studied parameter or process; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Single species
Supplement to:
Müller, Marius N; Dorantes-Aranda, Juan José; Seger, Andreas; Botana, Marina T; Brandini, Frederico Pereira; Hallegraeff, Gustaaf M (2019): Ichthyotoxicity of the Dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum in Response to Changes in Seawater pH. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 82, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00082
Documentation:
Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James; Gentili, Bernard; Hagens, Mathilde; Hofmann, Andreas; Mueller, Jens-Daniel; Proye, Aurélien; Rae, James; Soetaert, Karline (2022): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.3.1. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seacarb/index.html
Project(s):
Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2022) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2023-06-06.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1Type of studyStudy typeMüller, Marius N
2Species, unique identificationSpecies UIDMüller, Marius N
3Species, unique identification (URI)Species UID (URI)Müller, Marius N
4Species, unique identification (Semantic URI)Species UID (Semantic URI)Müller, Marius N
5TreatmentTreatMüller, Marius N
6Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgMüller, Marius N
7Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviationDIC std dev±Müller, Marius N
8Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgMüller, Marius N
9Alkalinity, total, standard deviationAT std dev±Müller, Marius N
10Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmMüller, Marius N
11Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviationpCO2 std dev±Müller, Marius N
12pHpHMüller, Marius Ntotal scale
13pH, standard deviationpH std dev±Müller, Marius N
14Growth rateµ1/dayMüller, Marius N
15Cell densityCells#/mlMüller, Marius Nlethal dose of K. veneficum cells for 50% of gill cell mortality
16SalinitySalMüller, Marius N
17Temperature, waterTemp°CMüller, Marius N
18IrradianceEµmol/m2/sMüller, Marius N
19Carbonate system computation flagCSC flagYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
20pHpHYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)total scale
21Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
22Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
23Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27Calcite saturation stateOmega CalYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
125 data points

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