Citation:

PANGAEA.958560

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and impact of climate change on direct and indirect species interactions
Published: 2023-05-08
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Arthropoda; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Haliotis rufescens; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; North Pacific; Nucella ostrina; Other; Pachygrapsus crassipes; Species interaction; Temperate; Temperature

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Abstract:

Recent marine climate change research has largely focused on the response of individual species to environmental changes including warming and acidification. The response of communities, driven by the direct effects of ocean change on individual species as well the cascade of indirect effects, has received far less study. We used several rocky intertidal species including crabs, whelks, juvenile abalone, and mussels to determine how feeding, growth, and interactions between species could be shifted by changing ocean conditions. Our 10 wk experiment revealed many complex outcomes which highlight the unpredictability of community-level responses. Contrary to our predictions, the largest impact of elevated CO2 was reduced crab feeding and survival, with a pH drop of 0.3 units. Surprisingly, whelks showed no response to higher temperatures or CO2 levels, while abalone shells grew 40% less under high CO2 conditions. Massive non-consumptive effects of crabs on whelks showed how important indirect effects can be in determining climate change responses. Predictions of species outcomes that account solely for physiological responses to climate change do not consider the potentially large role of indirect effects due to species interactions. For strongly linked species (e.g. predator-prey or competitor relationships), the indirect effects of climate change are much less known than direct effects, but may be far more powerful in reshaping future marine communities.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Arthropoda; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Haliotis rufescens; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; North Pacific; Nucella ostrina; Other; Pachygrapsus crassipes; Species interaction; Temperate; Temperature

Supplement to:

Lord, Joshua P; Barry, J P; Graves, Dale (2017): Impact of climate change on direct and indirect species interactions. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 571, 1-11, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12148

Source:

Lord, Joshua P (2017): Crab and snail community responses to warming and ocean acidification. figshare, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3474080

Documentation:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James; Gentili, Bernard; Hagens, Mathilde; Hofmann, Andreas; Mueller, Jens-Daniel; Proye, Aurélien; Rae, James; Soetaert, Karline (2022): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.3.1. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seacarb/index.html

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2022) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2023-05-08.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type of study	Study type		Lord, Joshua P
2	Species, unique identification	Species UID		Lord, Joshua P
3	Species, unique identification (URI)	Species UID (URI)		Lord, Joshua P
4	Species, unique identification (Semantic URI)	Species UID (Semantic URI)		Lord, Joshua P
5	Figure	Fig		Lord, Joshua P
6	Treatment	Treat		Lord, Joshua P		Heat
7	Treatment	Treat		Lord, Joshua P
8	Feeding rate	Feed rate	#/h	Lord, Joshua P
9	Feeding rate, standard error	Feed rate std e	±	Lord, Joshua P
10	Mortality	Mortality		Lord, Joshua P
11	Treatment	Treat		Lord, Joshua P
12	Treatment	Treat		Lord, Joshua P
13	Feeding rate	Feed rate	g/week	Lord, Joshua P
14	Feeding rate, standard error	Feed rate std e	±	Lord, Joshua P
15	Tissue growth	Tis growth	g	Lord, Joshua P		Whelk
16	Tissue growth, standard error	Tis growth std e	±	Lord, Joshua P		Whelk
17	Shell growth	Shell growth	g	Lord, Joshua P		Whelk
18	Shell growth, standard error	Shell growth std e	±	Lord, Joshua P		Whelk
19	Reduction	Reduction	%	Lord, Joshua P		in Whelk Feeding
20	Treatment	Treat		Lord, Joshua P
21	Feeding rate	Feed rate	cm²/day	Lord, Joshua P
22	Feeding rate, standard error	Feed rate std e	±	Lord, Joshua P
23	Tissue growth	Tis growth	g	Lord, Joshua P
24	Tissue growth, standard error	Tis growth std e	±	Lord, Joshua P
25	Shell growth	Shell growth	g	Lord, Joshua P
26	Shell growth, standard error	Shell growth std e	±	Lord, Joshua P
27	Ratio	Ratio		Lord, Joshua P		Change in shell/Tissue
28	Ratio, standard error	Ratio std e	±	Lord, Joshua P		Change in shell/Tissue
29	Salinity	Sal		Lord, Joshua P
30	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Lord, Joshua P
31	pH	pH		Lord, Joshua P	Potentiometric	total scale
32	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Lord, Joshua P	Potentiometric titration
33	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Lord, Joshua P	Calculated using CO2SYS
34	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Lord, Joshua P	Calculated using CO2SYS
35	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Lord, Joshua P	Calculated using CO2SYS
36	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Lord, Joshua P	Calculated using CO2SYS
37	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
40	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
42	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
43	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
44	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
45	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1020 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Study type	2 Species UID	3 Species UID (URI)	4 Species UID (Semantic URI)	5 Fig	6 Treat (Heat)	7 Treat	8 Feed rate [#/h]	9 Feed rate std e [±]	10 Mortality	11 Treat	12 Treat	13 Feed rate [g/week]	14 Feed rate std e [±]	15 Tis growth [g] (Whelk)	16 Tis growth std e [±] (Whelk)	17 Shell growth [g] (Whelk)	18 Shell growth std e [±] (Whelk)	19 Reduction [%] (in Whelk Feeding)	20 Treat	21 Feed rate [cm²/day]	22 Feed rate std e [±]	23 Tis growth [g]	24 Tis growth std e [±]	25 Shell growth [g]	26 Shell growth std e [±]	27 Ratio (Change in shell/Tissue)	28 Ratio std e [±] (Change in shell/Tissue)	29 Sal	30 Temp [°C]	31 pH (total scale, Potentiometric)	32 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration)	33 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	34 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	35 Omega Cal (Calculated using CO2SYS)	36 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2SYS)	37 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	38 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	39 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	40 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	41 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	42 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	43 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	44 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	45 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
laboratory	Pachygrapsus crassipes	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:395016	2	Control	High CO2	0.46043	0.06828	0.750																			33.2	14.24	7.52	2247.9	2229.50	1527.60	1.26	0.80	8	57.84	1493.49	1498.96	2127.16	48.73	2233.73	0.75	1.18
laboratory	Pachygrapsus crassipes	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:395016	2	Control	Control	0.93395	0.07527	0.125																			33.2	14.24	7.81	2247.9	2134.23	743.04	2.32	1.48	8	28.22	728.78	731.44	2023.91	90.41	2142.54	1.39	2.18
laboratory	Pachygrapsus crassipes	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:395016	2	Heated	High CO2	0.63531	0.06583	0.625																			33.2	16.23	7.52	2247.9	2221.01	1543.48	1.36	0.87	8	54.99	1507.90	1513.29	2118.48	52.38	2225.85	0.81	1.26
laboratory	Pachygrapsus crassipes	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:395016	2	Heated	Control	1.08515	0.07867	0.125																			33.2	16.23	7.81	2247.9	2122.85	747.80	2.50	1.61	8	26.74	733.23	735.85	2008.60	96.84	2132.19	1.50	2.34
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Control	High CO2				Uncaged	Control	0.43344	0.03643	0.30598	0.05674	0.47377	0.09288											33.2	14.24	7.52	2247.9	2229.50	1527.60	1.26	0.80	8	57.84	1493.49	1498.96	2127.16	48.73	2233.73	0.75	1.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Control	Control				Uncaged	Control	0.32408	0.06282	0.26315	0.04690	0.38957	0.09825											33.2	14.24	7.81	2247.9	2134.23	743.04	2.32	1.48	8	28.22	728.78	731.44	2023.91	90.41	2142.54	1.39	2.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Heated	High CO2				Uncaged	Control	0.44268	0.05460	0.29738	0.05308	0.38434	0.04358											33.2	16.23	7.52	2247.9	2221.01	1543.48	1.36	0.87	8	54.99	1507.90	1513.29	2118.48	52.38	2225.85	0.81	1.26
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Heated	Control				Uncaged	Control	0.43251	0.03146	0.34627	0.05273	0.52618	0.08124											33.2	16.23	7.81	2247.9	2122.85	747.80	2.50	1.61	8	26.74	733.23	735.85	2008.60	96.84	2132.19	1.50	2.34
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Control	High CO2				Uncaged	Crab	0.08127	0.03272	0.11097	0.03942	0.09175	0.06051											33.2	14.24	7.52	2247.9	2229.50	1527.60	1.26	0.80	8	57.84	1493.49	1498.96	2127.16	48.73	2233.73	0.75	1.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Control	Control				Uncaged	Crab	0.05029	0.01594	0.11923	0.02712	0.13377	0.05400											33.2	14.24	7.81	2247.9	2134.23	743.04	2.32	1.48	8	28.22	728.78	731.44	2023.91	90.41	2142.54	1.39	2.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Heated	High CO2				Uncaged	Crab	0.09424	0.04150	0.07289	0.02609	0.03328	0.02189											33.2	16.23	7.52	2247.9	2221.01	1543.48	1.36	0.87	8	54.99	1507.90	1513.29	2118.48	52.38	2225.85	0.81	1.26
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Heated	Control				Uncaged	Crab	0.02670	0.01577	0.01953	0.01528	0.01872	0.01457											33.2	16.23	7.81	2247.9	2122.85	747.80	2.50	1.61	8	26.74	733.23	735.85	2008.60	96.84	2132.19	1.50	2.34
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Control	High CO2				Caged	Control	1.17279	0.15552	0.30488	0.05310	0.39162	0.05218											33.2	14.24	7.52	2247.9	2229.50	1527.60	1.26	0.80	8	57.84	1493.49	1498.96	2127.16	48.73	2233.73	0.75	1.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Control	Control				Caged	Control	1.25935	0.17374	0.40453	0.08426	0.57484	0.09618											33.2	14.24	7.81	2247.9	2134.23	743.04	2.32	1.48	8	28.22	728.78	731.44	2023.91	90.41	2142.54	1.39	2.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Heated	High CO2				Caged	Control	1.33689	0.14840	0.45842	0.07838	0.62871	0.08990											33.2	16.23	7.52	2247.9	2221.01	1543.48	1.36	0.87	8	54.99	1507.90	1513.29	2118.48	52.38	2225.85	0.81	1.26
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Heated	Control				Caged	Control	1.37565	0.20101	0.31505	0.05214	0.48833	0.07794											33.2	16.23	7.81	2247.9	2122.85	747.80	2.50	1.61	8	26.74	733.23	735.85	2008.60	96.84	2132.19	1.50	2.34
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Control	High CO2				Caged	Crab	0.99318	0.09637	0.24758	0.06468	0.43217	0.08584											33.2	14.24	7.52	2247.9	2229.50	1527.60	1.26	0.80	8	57.84	1493.49	1498.96	2127.16	48.73	2233.73	0.75	1.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Control	Control				Caged	Crab	1.14335	0.09741	0.38659	0.05137	0.56216	0.07035											33.2	14.24	7.81	2247.9	2134.23	743.04	2.32	1.48	8	28.22	728.78	731.44	2023.91	90.41	2142.54	1.39	2.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Heated	High CO2				Caged	Crab	1.08943	0.12431	0.28686	0.05885	0.42739	0.08332											33.2	16.23	7.52	2247.9	2221.01	1543.48	1.36	0.87	8	54.99	1507.90	1513.29	2118.48	52.38	2225.85	0.81	1.26
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	3	Heated	Control				Caged	Crab	0.99321	0.11125	0.18317	0.05115	0.38808	0.08781											33.2	16.23	7.81	2247.9	2122.85	747.80	2.50	1.61	8	26.74	733.23	735.85	2008.60	96.84	2132.19	1.50	2.34
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	4	Control	High CO2												12.50000	Consumptive effects									33.2	14.24	7.52	2247.9	2229.50	1527.60	1.26	0.80	8	57.84	1493.49	1498.96	2127.16	48.73	2233.73	0.75	1.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	4	Control	Control												28.57143	Consumptive effects									33.2	14.24	7.81	2247.9	2134.23	743.04	2.32	1.48	8	28.22	728.78	731.44	2023.91	90.41	2142.54	1.39	2.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	4	Heated	High CO2												14.28571	Consumptive effects									33.2	16.23	7.52	2247.9	2221.01	1543.48	1.36	0.87	8	54.99	1507.90	1513.29	2118.48	52.38	2225.85	0.81	1.26
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	4	Heated	Control												50.00000	Consumptive effects									33.2	16.23	7.81	2247.9	2122.85	747.80	2.50	1.61	8	26.74	733.23	735.85	2008.60	96.84	2132.19	1.50	2.34
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	4	Control	High CO2												79.60442	Non consumptive effects									33.2	14.24	7.52	2247.9	2229.50	1527.60	1.26	0.80	8	57.84	1493.49	1498.96	2127.16	48.73	2233.73	0.75	1.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	4	Control	Control												83.12396	Non consumptive effects									33.2	14.24	7.81	2247.9	2134.23	743.04	2.32	1.48	8	28.22	728.78	731.44	2023.91	90.41	2142.54	1.39	2.18
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	4	Heated	High CO2												77.70760	Non consumptive effects									33.2	16.23	7.52	2247.9	2221.01	1543.48	1.36	0.87	8	54.99	1507.90	1513.29	2118.48	52.38	2225.85	0.81	1.26
laboratory	Nucella ostrina	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:404225	4	Heated	Control												97.38382	Non consumptive effects									33.2	16.23	7.81	2247.9	2122.85	747.80	2.50	1.61	8	26.74	733.23	735.85	2008.60	96.84	2132.19	1.50	2.34
laboratory	Haliotis rufescens	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:445357	5	Control	High CO2					Control									4.13574	0.25812	0.05226	0.01100	0.02787	0.00335	0.00416	0.01001	33.2	14.24	7.52	2247.9	2229.50	1527.60	1.26	0.80	8	57.84	1493.49	1498.96	2127.16	48.73	2233.73	0.75	1.18
laboratory	Haliotis rufescens	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:445357	5	Control	Control					Control									4.30363	0.30563	0.11116	0.02614	0.04659	0.00728	-0.03327	0.02154	33.2	14.24	7.81	2247.9	2134.23	743.04	2.32	1.48	8	28.22	728.78	731.44	2023.91	90.41	2142.54	1.39	2.18
laboratory	Haliotis rufescens	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:445357	5	Heated	High CO2					Control									5.21290	0.43656	0.08959	0.01709	0.02766	0.00848	-0.05382	0.02299	33.2	16.23	7.52	2247.9	2221.01	1543.48	1.36	0.87	8	54.99	1507.90	1513.29	2118.48	52.38	2225.85	0.81	1.26
laboratory	Haliotis rufescens	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:445357	5	Heated	Control					Control									4.07621	0.41916	0.07336	0.01961	0.04201	0.00521	0.01559	0.02800	33.2	16.23	7.81	2247.9	2122.85	747.80	2.50	1.61	8	26.74	733.23	735.85	2008.60	96.84	2132.19	1.50	2.34
laboratory	Haliotis rufescens	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:445357	5	Control	High CO2					Crab									3.45851	0.24205	0.02061	0.01610	0.01601	0.00175	0.01854	0.02523	33.2	14.24	7.52	2247.9	2229.50	1527.60	1.26	0.80	8	57.84	1493.49	1498.96	2127.16	48.73	2233.73	0.75	1.18
laboratory	Haliotis rufescens	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:445357	5	Control	Control					Crab									4.13981	0.18329	0.06888	0.01691	0.05012	0.00587	0.04487	0.01376	33.2	14.24	7.81	2247.9	2134.23	743.04	2.32	1.48	8	28.22	728.78	731.44	2023.91	90.41	2142.54	1.39	2.18
laboratory	Haliotis rufescens	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:445357	5	Heated	High CO2					Crab									3.98734	0.26163	0.04868	0.01731	0.03307	0.00528	0.02494	0.01780	33.2	16.23	7.52	2247.9	2221.01	1543.48	1.36	0.87	8	54.99	1507.90	1513.29	2118.48	52.38	2225.85	0.81	1.26
laboratory	Haliotis rufescens	marinespecies.org	urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:445357	5	Heated	Control					Crab									2.94982	0.38366	0.00830	0.00841	0.03542	0.00716	0.10366	0.01198	33.2	16.23	7.81	2247.9	2122.85	747.80	2.50	1.61	8	26.74	733.23	735.85	2008.60	96.84	2132.19	1.50	2.34