Citation:

PANGAEA.947936

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and the toxicity of a hydrophobic organic compound on a benthic community
Published: 2022-09-06
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Brackish waters; Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Laboratory experiment; Organic toxins; Soft-bottom community; South Atlantic; Temperate

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Abstract:

Natural pH values in coastal waters vary largely among locations, ecosystems, and time periods; still, there is an ongoing acidification trend. In this scenario, more acidic pH values can alter bioavailability of organic contaminants, to organisms. Despite this, interactive effects between pH and chemical substances are not usually considered in Ecological Risk Assessment protocols. This study investigated the effects of pH on the toxicity of a hydrophobic organic compound on a benthic community using a microcosm experiment setup to assess the response of nematode assemblages exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of Irgarol at two natural pH conditions. Estuarine nematode assemblages were exposed to two concentrations of Irgarol at pH 7.0 and 8.0 for periods of 7 and 35 days. Lower diversity of nematode genera was observed at the highest tested Irgarol concentration (1281 ± 65 ng/g). The results showed that the effects of Irgarol contamination were independent of pH variation, indicating no influence of acidification within this range on the toxicity of Irgarol to benthic meiofauna. However, the results showed that estuarine nematode assemblages are impacted by long-term exposure to low (but naturally occurring) pHs. This indicates that estuarine organisms may be under naturally high physiological pressure and that permanent changes in the ecosystem's environmental factors, such as future coastal ocean acidification, may drive organisms closer to the edges of their tolerance windows.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Brackish waters; Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Laboratory experiment; Organic toxins; Soft-bottom community; South Atlantic; Temperate

Supplement to:

Ferraz, Mariana Aliceda; Kiyama, Ana Carolina; Primel, Ednei Gilberto; Barbosa, Sergiane Caldas; Castro, Ítalo Braga; Choueri, R B; Gallucci, Fabiane (2022): Does pH variation influence the toxicity of organic contaminants in estuarine sediments? Effects of Irgarol on nematode assemblages. Science of the Total Environment, 815, 152944, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152944

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James (2021): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.16. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seacarb/index.html

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Latitude: -23.779300 * Longitude: -45.969200

Event(s):

Itaguare_river_mouth * Latitude: -23.779300 * Longitude: -45.969200 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2021) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2022-09-06.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Choueri, R B
2	Treatment: pH	T:pH		Choueri, R B
3	Experiment day	Exp day	day	Choueri, R B
4	Individuals	Ind	#	Choueri, R B		nematode per microcosm
5	Individuals, standard deviation	Ind std dev	±	Choueri, R B		nematode per microcosm
6	Treatment	Treat		Choueri, R B
7	Genus richness	Genus rich		Choueri, R B
8	Genus richness, standard deviation	Genus rich std dev	±	Choueri, R B
9	Cybutryne	Cybutryne	ng/g	Choueri, R B		Nominal concentrations (ng/g)
10	Cybutryne	Cybutryne	ng/g	Choueri, R B		Analytical confirmation (ng/g)
11	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Choueri, R B
12	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Choueri, R B
13	pH	pH		Choueri, R B	Potentiometric	total scale
14	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Choueri, R B	Potentiometric	total scale
15	Salinity	Sal		Choueri, R B
16	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Choueri, R B
17	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Choueri, R B	Potentiometric titration
18	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Choueri, R B	Potentiometric titration
19	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
20	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
21	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
22	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
23	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
24	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
25	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
26	Carbon dioxide, standard deviation	CO2 std dev	±	Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
27	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
28	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
29	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
30	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Choueri, R B	Calculated using CO2SYS
31	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
33	Carbon dioxide, standard deviation	CO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
34	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation	fCO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
36	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
38	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
40	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
42	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
43	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
44	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
45	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
46	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
47	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

737 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Type	2 T:pH	3 Exp day [day]	4 Ind [#] (nematode per microcosm)	5 Ind std dev [±] (nematode per microcosm)	6 Treat	7 Genus rich	8 Genus rich std dev [±]	9 Cybutryne [ng/g] (Nominal concentrations (ng/g))	10 Cybutryne [ng/g] (Analytical confirmation (ng/g))	11 Temp [°C]	12 Temp std dev [±]	13 pH (total scale, Potentiometric)	14 pH std dev [±] (total scale, Potentiometric)	15 Sal	16 Sal std dev [±]	17 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration)	18 AT std dev [±] (Potentiometric titration)	19 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	20 pCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	21 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	22 [HCO3]- std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	23 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	24 [CO3]2- std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	25 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	26 CO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	27 Omega Cal (Calculated using CO2SYS)	28 Omega Cal std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	29 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2SYS)	30 Omega Arg std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	31 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	32 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	33 CO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	34 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	35 fCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	36 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	37 pCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	38 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	39 [HCO3]- std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	40 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	41 [CO3]2- std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	42 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	43 DIC std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	44 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	45 Omega Arg std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	46 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	47 Omega Cal std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
laboratory	8	7	2073.00	354.50
laboratory	8	35	486.67	131.20
laboratory	7	7	1603.67	403.20
laboratory	7	35	481.17	97.94
laboratory					Negative control	13.330	2.58
laboratory		35			Negative control	12.170	2.14
laboratory		7			Control	10.830	1.83
laboratory		35			Control	10.333	2.94
laboratory		0			Negative control			0
laboratory		0			Control			0
laboratory		0			Low Irgarol concentration			100	165
laboratory		0			High Irgarol concentration			2000	1281
laboratory	8	7			Negative control			0		25	1	7.90	0.10	19.7	0.6	1554.4	45.9	454.5	74.2	1357.1	62.3	80.4	6.1	14.0	2.3	2.2	0.2	1.4	0.1	8	14.54	3.81	472.79	123.32	474.31	123.72	1364.25	56.88	77.69	16.25	1456.47	51.57	1.31	0.28	2.11	0.45
laboratory	8	7			Control			0		25	1	7.93	0.06	19.7	1.2	1647.4	43.5	453.0	51.6	1432.0	47.7	88.8	6.6	14.0	1.6	2.4	0.2	1.5	0.1	8	14.27	2.30	464.21	73.96	465.70	74.20	1435.30	47.21	87.58	11.48	1537.15	45.24	1.47	0.21	2.38	0.33
laboratory	8	7			Low Irgarol concentration			100	56	25	1	7.90	0.00	19.3	0.6	1639.2	45.1	453.9	25.3	1429.2	28.5	86.8	7.4	14.1	0.8	2.4	0.2	1.5	0.1	8	15.47	0.63	502.30	16.86	503.91	16.91	1443.01	41.33	81.16	4.30	1539.65	43.52	1.37	0.10	2.21	0.16
laboratory	8	7			High Irgarol concentration			2000	699	25	1	7.93	0.06	21.7	2.9	1656.5	39.4	454.7	34.4	1433.7	36.4	91.2	8.8	13.9	1.1	2.4	0.2	1.5	0.1	8	13.77	2.23	452.74	72.47	454.18	72.70	1429.29	45.10	92.66	11.99	1535.73	42.02	1.55	0.22	2.47	0.34
laboratory	8	35			Negative control			0		25	1	8.23	0.12	20.0	1.0	1649.7	81.7	183.5	61.9	1235.9	121.3	170.2	19.7	5.6	1.9	4.6	0.5	2.9	0.3	8	6.30	2.18	205.31	70.69	205.96	70.92	1270.70	104.95	156.14	34.74	1433.14	89.46	2.62	0.60	4.23	0.96
laboratory	8	35			Control			0		25	1	8.20	0.00	20.0	1.0	1446.3	157.9	179.7	18.4	1108.9	107.4	135.5	26.4	5.5	0.6	3.7	0.7	2.3	0.4	8	5.98	0.71	194.78	22.55	195.40	22.62	1125.06	128.97	129.01	15.61	1260.05	144.01	2.17	0.28	3.49	0.46
laboratory	8	35			Low Irgarol concentration			100	61	25	1	8.27	0.06	20.7	2.1	1564.3	83.7	195.4	27.0	1199.5	68.7	147.7	14.8	6.0	0.8	4.0	0.4	2.5	0.3	8	5.22	0.97	170.84	31.29	171.39	31.39	1168.03	78.62	160.76	19.87	1334.02	79.52	2.70	0.36	4.33	0.57
laboratory	8	35			High Irgarol concentration			2000	672	25	1	8.20	0.00	20.0	1.0	1636.6	98.8	245.3	95.0	1288.6	109.9	142.7	28.2	7.5	2.9	3.8	0.8	2.4	0.5	8	6.80	0.48	221.57	14.54	222.28	14.59	1279.85	81.43	146.77	10.95	1433.42	90.32	2.47	0.22	3.97	0.35
laboratory	7	7			Negative control			0		25	1	7.40	0.10	18.3	1.2	2382.2	768.4	2949.6	1308.5	2300.2	750.7	36.0	12.5	91.5	40.3	1.0	0.3	0.6	0.2	8	79.04	31.89	2552.35	1028.71	2560.54	1032.02	2292.34	743.07	39.52	15.63	2410.90	781.80	0.67	0.27	1.09	0.43
laboratory	7	7			Control			0		25	1	7.23	0.32	18.7	0.6	2063.4	118.1	3829.6	1718.1	2005.6	143.4	24.8	14.8	119.2	53.4	0.7	0.4	0.4	0.2	8	101.75	77.24	3292.30	2498.63	3302.87	2506.68	2008.40	121.99	23.70	17.09	2133.85	157.94	0.40	0.29	0.65	0.47
laboratory	7	7			Low Irgarol concentration			100	126	25	1	7.30	0.30	19.0	1.0	2101.2	148.5	3283.6	1831.1	2031.4	157.7	30.0	14.7	102.8	58.5	0.8	0.4	0.5	0.2	8	87.32	62.57	2829.80	2027.00	2838.88	2033.53	2035.13	151.12	28.49	19.21	2150.94	175.98	0.48	0.32	0.78	0.53
laboratory	7	7			High Irgarol concentration			2000	600	25	1	7.57	0.06	18.3	0.6	2297.7	338.7	1787.5	433.9	2177.5	316.0	52.6	15.2	55.5	13.4	1.4	0.4	0.9	0.3	8	50.62	10.62	1634.43	341.36	1639.67	342.45	2171.23	322.74	55.36	11.26	2277.20	338.43	0.93	0.20	1.52	0.32
laboratory	7	35			Negative control			0		25	1	6.93	0.06	18.7	1.2	3372.7	175.7	10669.8	1434.0	3328.4	170.1	20.2	3.9	332.0	44.3	0.6	0.1	0.3	0.1	8	336.55	51.03	10890.24	1639.29	10925.53	1644.64	3329.58	173.76	19.69	3.04	3685.83	198.93	0.33	0.05	0.54	0.09
laboratory	7	35			Control			0		25	1	6.93	0.06	18.3	1.2	3623.8	132.0	11492.5	1156.2	3577.9	130.7	21.1	1.9	359.5	35.9	0.6	0.1	0.4	0.0	8	364.14	53.51	11758.38	1714.41	11796.52	1720.03	3578.37	130.64	20.90	3.13	3963.41	154.73	0.35	0.06	0.57	0.09
laboratory	7	35			Low Irgarol concentration			100	94	25	1	7.13	0.12	18.3	1.5	3363.3	232.3	7318.9	1674.4	3299.3	229.5	29.1	5.0	227.7	50.9	0.8	0.1	0.5	0.1	8	211.65	61.68	6834.45	1987.46	6856.49	1993.91	3296.41	228.82	30.52	8.66	3538.58	254.61	0.51	0.15	0.84	0.24
laboratory	7	35			High Irgarol concentration			2000	695	25	1	6.93	0.06	17.7	0.6	3310.9	169.2	10376.2	960.8	3268.1	168.3	19.5	1.3	323.8	30.3	0.5	0.0	0.3	0.0	8	336.18	50.84	10821.66	1624.70	10856.71	1630.01	3269.96	167.39	18.74	2.89	3624.88	192.32	0.32	0.05	0.52	0.08