Angot, Hélène; Beck, Ivo; Jokinen, Tuija; Laurila, Tiia; Quéléver, Lauriane; Schmale, Julia (2022): Ambient air sulfur dioxide mole fractions measured in the Swiss container during MOSAiC 2019/2020 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.944270
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Abstract:
This dataset contains minute-averaged sulfur dioxide mole fractions measured during the year-long Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. The measurements were performed in the Swiss container on the D-deck of Research Vessel Polarstern. Data were collected by pulsed fluorescence using a Thermo Fisher Scientific instrument (model 43i). The minute-resolution mole fractions were adjusted after cross-evaluation against a certified sulfur dioxide standard at the end of the expedition at the Swiss Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA). Spikes due to local anthropogenic pollution sources (e.g., exhaust by the vessel's engine and vents, skidoos, helicopters, on-ice diesel generators) were identified and flagged as follows. For each data point, the gradient (time derivative) was calculated (Beck et al., 2022). Data points corresponding to an abnormally high gradient (> 1.5 times the interquartile range) and neighboring points were discarded. The function “despike” from R package oce (version 1.3-0) was then applied to the time-series to remove any remaining local pollution spikes. Briefly, this function first linearly interpolates across any gaps (missing values). Then, it calculates a running median spanning k elements. The standard deviation of the difference between values and the reference is then calculated. The result of these two steps is the “reference” time-series. Values that differ from the reference by more than n times this standard deviation are considered to be spikes and eliminated. The function was applied once with n = 1 and k = 61 (~ 1 hour). The data columns include the Date and Time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), the latitude and longitude of Research Vessel Polarstern, the MOSAiC event label, the sulfur dioxide mole fractions in nmol/mol, a pollution flag where 'yes' means that local pollution was detected, and a detection limit flag where 'yes' indicates that the concentration was below the lower detectable limit of 1 nmol/mol.
Related to:
Angot, Hélène; Blomquist, Byron; Howard, Dean; Archer, Stephen; Bariteau, Ludovic; Beck, Ivo; Boyer, Matthew; Crotwell, Molly; Helmig, Detlev; Hueber, Jacques; Jacobi, Hans-Werner; Jokinen, Tuija; Kulmala, Markku; Lan, Xin; Laurila, Tiia; Madronich, Monica; Neff, Donald; Petäjä, Tuukka; Posman, Kevin; Quéléver, Lauriane; Shupe, Matthew D; Vimont, Isaac; Schmale, Julia (2022): Year-round trace gas measurements in the central Arctic during the MOSAiC expedition. Scientific Data, 9(1), 723, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01769-6
Beck, Ivo; Angot, Hélène; Baccarini, Andrea; Dada, Lubna; Quéléver, Lauriane; Jokinen, Tuija; Laurila, Tiia; Lampimäki, Markus; Bukowiecki, Nicolas; Boyer, Matthew; Gong, Xianda; Gysel-Beer, Martin; Petäjä, Tuukka; Wang, Jian; Schmale, Julia (2022): Automated identification of local contamination in remote atmospheric composition time series. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 15(14), 4195-4224, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4195-2022
Source:
Haas, Christian (2020): Master track of POLARSTERN cruise PS122/2 in 1 sec resolution (zipped, 36.7 MB). Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924672
Kanzow, Torsten (2020): Master track of POLARSTERN cruise PS122/3 in 1 sec resolution (zipped, 52 MB). Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924678
Rex, Markus (2020): Master track of POLARSTERN cruise PS122/1 in 1 sec resolution (zipped, 43.3 MB). Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924669
Rex, Markus (2021): Master track of POLARSTERN cruise PS122/4 in 1 sec resolution (zipped, 36 MB). Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.926830
Rex, Markus (2021): Master track of POLARSTERN cruise PS122/5 in 1 sec resolution (zipped, 34 MB). Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.926911
Further details:
Project(s):
Funding:
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (AWI), grant/award no. AFMOSAiC-1_00: Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (AWI), grant/award no. AWI_PS122_00: Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate / MOSAiC
Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF), grant/award no. 188478: Measurement-Based understanding of the aeRosol budget in the Arctic and its Climate Effects (MBRACE)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 85.102847 * Median Longitude: 59.673680 * South-bound Latitude: 78.130100 * West-bound Longitude: -176.208600 * North-bound Latitude: 89.999830 * East-bound Longitude: 174.435000
Date/Time Start: 2019-10-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2020-09-30T23:59:00
Minimum Elevation: -4412.4 m * Maximum Elevation: -214.0 m
Event(s):
PS122/1_1-77 * Latitude Start: 82.063496 * Longitude Start: 119.285024 * Latitude End: 86.593190 * Longitude End: 119.241500 * Date/Time Start: 2019-09-26T20:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2019-12-13T09:04:45 * Elevation: -4187.4 m * Sensor URI: sensor.awi.de * Campaign: PS122/1 (MOSAiC20192020) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Trace gas monitor (TGM)
PS122/2_14-226 * Latitude: 86.593231 * Longitude: 119.237001 * Date/Time: 2019-12-13T09:11:00 * Elevation: -4401.7 m * Sensor URI: sensor.awi.de * Location: Arctic Ocean * Campaign: PS122/2 (MOSAiC20192020) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Trace gas monitor (TGM) * Comment: Recording continued from Leg 1
PS122/3_28-37 * Latitude: 88.591064 * Longitude: 55.585638 * Date/Time: 2020-02-24T09:00:00 * Elevation: -4412.4 m * Sensor URI: sensor.awi.de * Location: Arctic Ocean * Campaign: PS122/3 (MOSAiC20192020) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Trace gas monitor (TGM) * Comment: continue recording
Comment:
We used 1 sec time resolution positional data from the following datasets: PS122/1: Rex, M (2020), PS122/2: Haas, C (2020), PS122/3: Kanzow, T (2020), PS122/4: Rex, M (2021a), PS122/5: Rex, M (2021b)
Parameter(s):
# | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Schmale, Julia | Geocode – UTC | ||
2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Schmale, Julia | Geocode | ||
3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Schmale, Julia | Geocode | ||
4 | Event label | Event | Schmale, Julia | |||
5 | Sulfur dioxide, dry-air mole fraction | SO2 | nmol/mol | Schmale, Julia | Pulsed fluorescence SO2 analyzer, model 43i (Thermo Fisher Scientific) | |
6 | Flag, pollution | Flag pollution | Schmale, Julia | |||
7 | Flag, below detection limit | Flag BDL | Schmale, Julia | Pulsed fluorescence SO2 analyzer, model 43i (Thermo Fisher Scientific) | below the lower detectable limit of 1 ppb |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC) * Processing Level: PANGAEA data processing level 3 (ProcLevel3)
Size:
1490997 data points
Download Data
View dataset as HTML (shows only first 2000 rows)