Citation:

PANGAEA.943187

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and long term calcification, dark respiration, gross photosynthesis, and short-term calcification of two Mediterranean colonial corals Cladocora caespitosa (zooxanthellate) and Astroides calycularis (azooxanthellate)
Published: 2021
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Astroides calycularis; Benthic animals; Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Cladocora caespitosa; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Laboratory experiment; Mediterranean Sea; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Single species; Temperate

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Abstract:

Ocean acidification is perceived to be a major threat for many calcifying organisms, including scleractinian corals. Here we investigate (1) whether past exposure to low pH environments associated with CO2 vents could increase corals tolerance to low pH and (2) whether zooxanthellate corals are more tolerant to low pH than azooxanthellate corals. To test these hypotheses, two Mediterranean colonial corals Cladocora caespitosa (zooxanthellate) and Astroides calycularis (azooxanthellate) were collected from CO2 vents and reference sites and incubated in the laboratory under present-day (pH on the total scale, pHT 8.07) and low pH conditions (pHT 7.70). Rates of net calcification, dark respiration and photosynthesis were monitored during a six-month experiment. Monthly net calcification was assessed every 27 to 35 d using the buoyant weight technique, whereas light and dark net calcification was estimated using the alkalinity anomaly technique during 1 h incubations. Neither species showed any change in net calcification rates, respiration, and photosynthesis regardless of their environmental history, pH treatment and trophic strategy. Our results indicate that C. caespitosa and A. calycularis could tolerate future ocean acidification conditions for at least 6 months. These results will aid in predicting species' future responses to ocean acidification, and thus improve the management and conservation of Mediterranean corals.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Astroides calycularis; Benthic animals; Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Cladocora caespitosa; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Laboratory experiment; Mediterranean Sea; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Single species; Temperate

Supplement to:

Carbonne, Chloe; Teixidó, Núria; Moore, B; Mirasole, Alice; Guttierez, Thomas; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Comeau, Steeve (2021): Two temperate corals are tolerant to low pH regardless of previous exposure to natural CO2 vents. Limnology and Oceanography, 66(11), 4046-4061, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11942

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James (2021): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.16. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seacarb/index.html

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2021) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2022-04-11.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Carbonne, Chloe		study
2	Species	Species		Carbonne, Chloe
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Carbonne, Chloe		WoRMS Aphia ID
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Carbonne, Chloe
5	Origin	Origin		Carbonne, Chloe
6	Treatment	Treat		Carbonne, Chloe
7	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	mg/cm²/day	Carbonne, Chloe		long term
8	Calcification rate, standard error	Calc rate std e	±	Carbonne, Chloe		long term
9	Replicates	Repl	#	Carbonne, Chloe		long term calcification
10	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	µg/cm²/h	Carbonne, Chloe		light, start, short term
11	Calcification rate, standard error	Calc rate std e	±	Carbonne, Chloe		light, start, short term
12	Replicates	Repl	#	Carbonne, Chloe		light, start, short term calcification
13	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	µg/cm²/h	Carbonne, Chloe		dark, start, short term
14	Calcification rate, standard error	Calc rate std e	±	Carbonne, Chloe		dark, start, short term
15	Replicates	Repl	#	Carbonne, Chloe		dark, start, short term calcification
16	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	µg/cm²/h	Carbonne, Chloe		light, end, short term
17	Calcification rate, standard error	Calc rate std e	±	Carbonne, Chloe		light, end, short term
18	Replicates	Repl	#	Carbonne, Chloe		light, end, short term calcification
19	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	µg/cm²/h	Carbonne, Chloe		dark, end, short term
20	Calcification rate, standard error	Calc rate std e	±	Carbonne, Chloe		dark, end, short term
21	Replicates	Repl	#	Carbonne, Chloe		dark, end, short term calcification
22	Respiration rate, oxygen	Resp O2	µg/cm²/h	Carbonne, Chloe		start
23	Respiration rate, oxygen, standard error	Resp O2 std e	±	Carbonne, Chloe		start
24	Replicates	Repl	#	Carbonne, Chloe		start respiration
25	Respiration rate, oxygen	Resp O2	µg/cm²/h	Carbonne, Chloe		end
26	Respiration rate, oxygen, standard error	Resp O2 std e	±	Carbonne, Chloe		end
27	Replicates	Repl	#	Carbonne, Chloe		end respiration
28	Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen	PG O2	mg/cm²/h	Carbonne, Chloe		start
29	Photosynthesis rate of oxygen, standard error	Photosynth O std e	±	Carbonne, Chloe		start
30	Replicates	Repl	#	Carbonne, Chloe		start photosynthesis
31	Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen	PG O2	mg/cm²/h	Carbonne, Chloe		end
32	Photosynthesis rate of oxygen, standard error	Photosynth O std e	±	Carbonne, Chloe		end
33	Replicates	Repl	#	Carbonne, Chloe		end photosynthesis
34	Salinity	Sal		Carbonne, Chloe
35	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Carbonne, Chloe
36	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Carbonne, Chloe
37	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Carbonne, Chloe
38	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Carbonne, Chloe	Potentiometric titration
39	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Carbonne, Chloe	Potentiometric titration
40	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Carbonne, Chloe	Calculated using seacarb
41	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Carbonne, Chloe	Calculated using seacarb
42	pH	pH		Carbonne, Chloe	Potentiometric	total scale
43	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Carbonne, Chloe	Potentiometric	total scale
44	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Carbonne, Chloe	Calculated using seacarb
45	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Carbonne, Chloe	Calculated using seacarb
46	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Carbonne, Chloe	Calculated using seacarb
47	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Carbonne, Chloe	Calculated using seacarb
48	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Carbonne, Chloe	Calculated using seacarb
49	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Carbonne, Chloe	Calculated using seacarb
50	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
51	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
52	Carbon dioxide, standard deviation	CO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
53	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
54	Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation	fCO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
55	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
56	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
57	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
58	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
59	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
60	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
61	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
62	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
63	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
64	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
65	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
66	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

456 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Type (study)	2 Species	3 Reg spec no (WoRMS Aphia ID)	4 URL ref	5 Origin	6 Treat	7 Calc rate CaCO3 [mg/cm²/day] (long term)	8 Calc rate std e [±] (long term)	9 Repl [#] (long term calcification)	10 Calc rate CaCO3 [µg/cm²/h] (light, start, short term)	11 Calc rate std e [±] (light, start, short term)	12 Repl [#] (light, start, short term calc...)	13 Calc rate CaCO3 [µg/cm²/h] (dark, start, short term)	14 Calc rate std e [±] (dark, start, short term)	15 Repl [#] (dark, start, short term calci...)	16 Calc rate CaCO3 [µg/cm²/h] (light, end, short term)	17 Calc rate std e [±] (light, end, short term)	18 Repl [#] (light, end, short term calcif...)	19 Calc rate CaCO3 [µg/cm²/h] (dark, end, short term)	20 Calc rate std e [±] (dark, end, short term)	21 Repl [#] (dark, end, short term calcifi...)	22 Resp O2 [µg/cm²/h] (start)	23 Resp O2 std e [±] (start)	24 Repl [#] (start respiration)	25 Resp O2 [µg/cm²/h] (end)	26 Resp O2 std e [±] (end)	27 Repl [#] (end respiration)	28 PG O2 [mg/cm²/h] (start)	29 Photosynth O std e [±] (start)	30 Repl [#] (start photosynthesis)	31 PG O2 [mg/cm²/h] (end)	32 Photosynth O std e [±] (end)	33 Repl [#] (end photosynthesis)	34 Sal	35 Sal std dev [±]	36 Temp [°C]	37 Temp std dev [±]	38 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration)	39 AT std dev [±] (Potentiometric titration)	40 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb)	41 DIC std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb)	42 pH (total scale, Potentiometric)	43 pH std dev [±] (total scale, Potentiometric)	44 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb)	45 pCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb)	46 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb)	47 Omega Cal std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb)	48 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb)	49 Omega Arg std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb)	50 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	51 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	52 CO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	53 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	54 fCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	55 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	56 pCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	57 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	58 [HCO3]- std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	59 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	60 [CO3]2- std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	61 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	62 DIC std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	63 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	64 Omega Arg std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	65 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	66 Omega Cal std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
laboratory	Cladocora caespitosa (coral)	135146	marinespecies.org	Ambient	Present_day	0.40	0.08	6	19.85	4.90	8	12.09	1.78	7	35.91	8.14	8	14.33	3.15	8	-7.8	0.3	8	-9.1	0.7	7	0.025	0.001	8	0.021	0.004	7	37.8	0.5	22.6	1.9	2542	54	2206	63	8.06	0.06	415	70	5.65	0.69	3.71	0.46	8	15.80	2.69	489.81	79.75	491.43	80.02	2137.27	71.10	175.69	23.91	2328.76	60.31	2.89	0.43	4.62	0.68
laboratory	Cladocora caespitosa (coral)	135146	marinespecies.org	Ambient	Low_pH	0.51	0.04	6	16.11	3.30	8	11.88	2.87	7	20.39	2.58	7	11.52	0.98	5	-8.5	0.7	8	-9.8	0.4	8	0.025	0.003	8	0.021	0.002	8	37.8	0.5	22.7	1.9	2542	54	2389	65	7.73	0.09	1048	237	2.99	0.56	1.97	0.37	8	36.76	8.47	1143.14	258.51	1146.91	259.36	2333.70	65.57	90.33	18.53	2460.79	61.88	1.49	0.32	2.37	0.50
laboratory	Cladocora caespitosa (coral)	135146	marinespecies.org	Vent	Present_day	0.42	0.06	6	18.70	2.17	5	9.44	2.82	6	16.27	2.72	6	11.71	2.78	5	-7.6	0.3	6	-8.1	0.8	6	0.020	0.002	6	0.014	0.001	6	37.8	0.5	22.6	1.9	2542	54	2206	63	8.06	0.06	415	70	5.65	0.69	3.71	0.46	8	15.80	2.69	489.81	79.75	491.43	80.02	2137.27	71.10	175.69	23.91	2328.76	60.31	2.89	0.43	4.62	0.68
laboratory	Cladocora caespitosa (coral)	135146	marinespecies.org	Vent	Low_pH	0.38	0.04	6	9.08	1.93	8	6.52	1.19	7	25.09	4.73	6	7.21	2.40	6	-7.5	0.7	8	-11.4	2.0	7	0.024	0.009	8	0.022	0.004	7	37.8	0.5	22.7	1.9	2542	54	2389	65	7.73	0.09	1048	237	2.99	0.56	1.97	0.37	8	36.76	8.47	1143.14	258.51	1146.91	259.36	2333.70	65.57	90.33	18.53	2460.79	61.88	1.49	0.32	2.37	0.50
laboratory	Astroides calycularis (coral)	135178	marinespecies.org	Ambient	Present_day	0.39	0.06	6													-21.0	4.0	6	-39.0	3.0	5							37.8	0.5	22.6	1.9	2542	54	2206	63	8.06	0.06	415	70	5.65	0.69	3.71	0.46	8	15.80	2.69	489.81	79.75	491.43	80.02	2137.27	71.10	175.69	23.91	2328.76	60.31	2.89	0.43	4.62	0.68
laboratory	Astroides calycularis (coral)	135178	marinespecies.org	Ambient	Low_pH	0.30	0.08	6													-24.0	3.0	8	-37.0	4.0	8							37.8	0.5	22.7	1.9	2542	54	2389	65	7.73	0.09	1048	237	2.99	0.56	1.97	0.37	8	36.76	8.47	1143.14	258.51	1146.91	259.36	2333.70	65.57	90.33	18.53	2460.79	61.88	1.49	0.32	2.37	0.50
laboratory	Astroides calycularis (coral)	135178	marinespecies.org	Vent	Present_day	0.44	0.07	6													-29.0	3.0	12	-81.0	7.0	12							37.8	0.5	22.6	1.9	2542	54	2206	63	8.06	0.06	415	70	5.65	0.69	3.71	0.46	8	15.80	2.69	489.81	79.75	491.43	80.02	2137.27	71.10	175.69	23.91	2328.76	60.31	2.89	0.43	4.62	0.68
laboratory	Astroides calycularis (coral)	135178	marinespecies.org	Vent	Low_pH	0.41	0.09	6													-28.0	4.0	15	-92.0	13.0	15							37.8	0.5	22.7	1.9	2542	54	2389	65	7.73	0.09	1048	237	2.99	0.56	1.97	0.37	8	36.76	8.47	1143.14	258.51	1146.91	259.36	2333.70	65.57	90.33	18.53	2460.79	61.88	1.49	0.32	2.37	0.50