von Stackelberg, Ulrich (2022): Detailed description of manganese nodules and micronodules from the R/V Valdivia VA-13/2 campaign [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.942658
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Abstract:
An area 20 x 20 nautical miles, within the abyssal hill region of the northern Central Pacific, has been sampled intensively by R/V Valdivia . The sediments represent four facies characterized by variations in color, structure and composition. A marked unconformity between facies II and III was dated by radiolaria and coccoliths as early Miocene to late Pliocene and is explained by an intensification of AABW circulation. A maximum of reworking, dissolution of siliceous organisms and growth of authigenic minerals is noted above and below this unconformity. Dissolution of siliceous organisms seems to control the growth of minerals such as zeolites and Fe-Mn-oxides. Fe-Mn-oxides were precipitated both as micro and macro nodules. While the micro nodules remained in place, most of the macronodules were pushed upwards by benthic organisms and were kept at the sediment surface. Thus, the surface nodules appear to be 'foreigners' in the recent sediments and represent the conditions of a past environment.
During the VA-13/2 campaign 79 cores were taken from 60 locations. Fine scale sedimentary structures were determined using radiography of 252 samples. Mn nodules either at the surface or inside the cores were described. 2.0 cm thick samples were taken for sedimentological and bio-stratigraphical studies. Smear slides were also examined for the determination of Mn micronodule components.
Related to:
Grant, John Bruce; Moore, Carla J; Alameddin, George; Chen, Kuiying; Barton, Mark (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V52Z13FT
von Stackelberg, Ulrich (1979): Sedimentation, Hiatuses, and Development of Manganese Nodules: VALDIVIA Site Va-13/2, Northern Central Pacific. In: Bischoff, J.L., Piper, D.Z. (eds) Marine Geology and Oceanography of the Pacific Manganese Nodule Province. Marine Science, 9, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3518-4_16
Warnken, Robin R; Virden, William T; Moore, Carla J (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V53X84KN
Project(s):
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 9.372581 * Median Longitude: -145.993105 * South-bound Latitude: 9.259220 * West-bound Longitude: -146.192907 * North-bound Latitude: 9.513486 * East-bound Longitude: -145.839486
Date/Time Start: 1976-02-09T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1976-02-09T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.000 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 9.000 m
Event(s):
VA13-2-25KAL * Latitude: 9.427737 * Longitude: -145.847053 * Date/Time: 1976-02-09T00:00:00 * Elevation: -5247.0 m * Location: Pacific Ocean * Campaign: VA-13/2 * Basis: Valdivia (1961) * Method/Device: Piston corer (PC)
VA13-2-26KL * Latitude: 9.447678 * Longitude: -145.914559 * Date/Time: 1976-02-09T00:00:00 * Elevation: -5232.0 m * Location: Pacific Ocean * Campaign: VA-13/2 * Basis: Valdivia (1961) * Method/Device: Piston corer (PC)
VA13-2-27KL * Latitude: 9.361219 * Longitude: -145.981638 * Date/Time: 1976-02-09T00:00:00 * Elevation: -5182.0 m * Location: Pacific Ocean * Campaign: VA-13/2 * Basis: Valdivia (1961) * Method/Device: Piston corer (PC)
Comment:
From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | |||
| 2 | Latitude of event | Latitude | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | |||
| 3 | Longitude of event | Longitude | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | |||
| 4 | Elevation of event | Elevation | m | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | ||
| 5 | Method/Device of event | Method/Device | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | |||
| 6 | Identification | ID | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | |||
| 7 | DEPTH, sediment/rock | Depth sed | m | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | Geocode | |
| 8 | Depth, top/min | Depth top | m | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | ||
| 9 | Depth, bottom/max | Depth bot | m | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | ||
| 10 | Position | Position | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | |||
| 11 | Deposit type | Deposit type | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | |||
| 12 | Quantity of deposit | Quantity | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | |||
| 13 | Sediment type | Sediment | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | |||
| 14 | Sediment Classification | Sed class | von Stackelberg, Ulrich | |||
| 15 | Description | Description | von Stackelberg, Ulrich |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
423 data points
Data
| 1 Event | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 Elevation [m] | 5 Method/Device | 6 ID | 7 Depth sed [m] | 8 Depth top [m] | 9 Depth bot [m] | 10 Position | 11 Deposit type | 12 Quantity | 13 Sediment | 14 Sed class | 15 Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VA13-2-25KAL | 9.4277 | -145.8471 | -5247 | Piston corer | VA13-2-25KAL-1 | 1.600 | 1.00 | 2.20 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-25KAL | 9.4277 | -145.8471 | -5247 | Piston corer | VA13-2-25KAL-2 | 3.950 | 2.20 | 5.70 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules getiing sparser toward the bottom |
| VA13-2-26KL | 9.4477 | -145.9146 | -5232 | Piston corer | VA13-2-26KL-1 | 0.010 | 0.00 | 0.02 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Many | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With many Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-26KL | 9.4477 | -145.9146 | -5232 | Piston corer | VA13-2-26KL-2 | 0.850 | 0.20 | 1.50 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Many | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With many Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-27KL | 9.3612 | -145.9816 | -5182 | Piston corer | VA13-2-27KL-1 | 0.050 | 0.00 | 0.10 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Many | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With many Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-27KL | 9.3612 | -145.9816 | -5182 | Piston corer | VA13-2-27KL-2 | 0.650 | 0.30 | 1.00 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-45KL | 9.3490 | -146.1929 | -5091 | Piston corer | VA13-2-45KL-1 | 0.025 | 0.00 | 0.05 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-45KL | 9.3490 | -146.1929 | -5091 | Piston corer | VA13-2-45KL-2 | 0.075 | 0.10 | 0.05 | Buried | Mn nodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | Mn nodules laying at contact with upper Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze |
| VA13-2-45KL | 9.3490 | -146.1929 | -5091 | Piston corer | VA13-2-45KL-3 | 0.275 | 0.05 | 0.50 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-46KL | 9.3277 | -146.1386 | -5160 | Piston corer | VA13-2-46KL-1 | 1.750 | 1.00 | 2.50 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-46KL | 9.3277 | -146.1386 | -5160 | Piston corer | VA13-2-46KL-2 | 3.850 | 2.50 | 5.20 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-46KL | 9.3277 | -146.1386 | -5160 | Piston corer | VA13-2-46KL-3 | 7.150 | 5.20 | 9.10 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Few | Mud | Reddish brown zeolitic mud | With some to rare Mn micronodules in the middle of the section |
| VA13-2-59KL | 9.2770 | -146.0511 | -5103 | Piston corer | VA13-2-59KL-1 | 0.050 | 0.00 | 0.10 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-59KL | 9.2770 | -146.0511 | -5103 | Piston corer | VA13-2-59KL-2 | 0.100 | 0.10 | 0.10 | Buried | Mn nodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | Mn nodules laying at contact with upper Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze |
| VA13-2-135KL | 9.5135 | -145.9058 | -5206 | Piston corer | VA13-2-135KL-1 | 4.400 | 3.00 | 5.80 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-135KL | 9.5135 | -145.9058 | -5206 | Piston corer | VA13-2-135KL-2 | 6.250 | 5.80 | 6.70 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-135KL | 9.5135 | -145.9058 | -5206 | Piston corer | VA13-2-135KL-3 | 7.350 | 6.70 | 8.00 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Reddish brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-156KL | 9.3926 | -146.0493 | -5233 | Piston corer | VA13-2-156KL-1 | 2.800 | 0.10 | 5.50 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Few | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With few Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-156KL | 9.3926 | -146.0493 | -5233 | Piston corer | VA13-2-156KL-2 | 6.700 | 5.50 | 7.90 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-156KL | 9.3926 | -146.0493 | -5233 | Piston corer | VA13-2-156KL-3 | 8.050 | 7.90 | 8.20 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Reddish brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-157KL | 9.3065 | -146.0783 | -5202 | Piston corer | VA13-2-157KL-1 | 3.500 | 1.00 | 6.00 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Few | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With few Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-157KL | 9.3065 | -146.0783 | -5202 | Piston corer | VA13-2-157KL-2 | 7.200 | 6.00 | 8.40 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With Mn micronodules increasing when going down |
| VA13-2-163KL | 9.3216 | -146.0228 | -5160 | Piston corer | VA13-2-163KL-1 | 0.150 | 0.10 | 0.20 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-166KL | 9.3374 | -145.9808 | -5046 | Piston corer | VA13-2-166KL-1 | 0.005 | 0.00 | 0.01 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Many | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With many Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-169KL | 9.3325 | -146.0742 | -5271 | Piston corer | VA13-2-169KL-1 | 0.025 | 0.00 | 0.05 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Many | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With many Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-169KL | 9.3325 | -146.0742 | -5271 | Piston corer | VA13-2-169KL-2 | 6.100 | 5.00 | 7.20 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-169KL | 9.3325 | -146.0742 | -5271 | Piston corer | VA13-2-169KL-3 | 8.100 | 7.20 | 9.00 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-172KL | 9.4796 | -146.1158 | -5177 | Piston corer | VA13-2-172KL-1 | 0.010 | 0.00 | 0.02 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Many | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With many Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-180KL | 9.4536 | -146.0430 | -5263 | Piston corer | VA13-2-180KL-1 | 1.000 | 0.50 | 1.50 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Few | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With few Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-180KL | 9.4536 | -146.0430 | -5263 | Piston corer | VA13-2-180KL-2 | 3.700 | 2.90 | 4.50 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-180KL | 9.4536 | -146.0430 | -5263 | Piston corer | VA13-2-180KL-3 | 6.250 | 4.50 | 8.00 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Few | Mud | Reddish brown zeolitic mud | With some to rare Mn micronodules going downward |
| VA13-2-183KL | 9.4583 | -145.9863 | -5214 | Piston corer | VA13-2-183KL-1 | 0.650 | 0.10 | 1.20 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-183KL | 9.4583 | -145.9863 | -5214 | Piston corer | VA13-2-183KL-2 | 4.100 | 1.20 | 7.00 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules becoming sparser going down |
| VA13-2-183KL | 9.4583 | -145.9863 | -5214 | Piston corer | VA13-2-183KL-3 | 9.000 | 7.00 | 11.00 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Few | Mud | Reddish brown zeolitic mud | With some to rare Mn micronodules going downward |
| VA13-2-196KL | 9.3745 | -145.8807 | -5235 | Piston corer | VA13-2-196KL-1 | 0.025 | 0.00 | 0.05 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Many | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With many Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-196KL | 9.3745 | -145.8807 | -5235 | Piston corer | VA13-2-196KL-2 | 7.850 | 2.50 | 13.20 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-198KL | 9.3729 | -145.9003 | -5189 | Piston corer | VA13-2-198KL-1 | 0.025 | 0.00 | 0.05 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-198KL | 9.3729 | -145.9003 | -5189 | Piston corer | VA13-2-198KL-2 | 0.650 | 0.30 | 1.00 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Few | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With rare Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-199KL | 9.3741 | -145.8809 | -5237 | Piston corer | VA13-2-199KL-1 | 1.650 | 1.10 | 2.20 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-199KL | 9.3741 | -145.8809 | -5237 | Piston corer | VA13-2-199KL-2 | 4.100 | 2.20 | 6.00 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Reddish brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-227KL | 9.2852 | -145.8395 | -5129 | Piston corer | VA13-2-227KL-1 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Surface | Mn nodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | Mn nodules |
| VA13-2-227KL | 9.2852 | -145.8395 | -5129 | Piston corer | VA13-2-227KL-2 | 0.100 | 0.00 | 0.20 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Many | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With many Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-227KL | 9.2852 | -145.8395 | -5129 | Piston corer | VA13-2-227KL-3 | 5.150 | 1.80 | 8.50 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | Some layers with some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-227KL | 9.2852 | -145.8395 | -5129 | Piston corer | VA13-2-227KL-4 | 8.500 | 8.50 | 8.50 | Buried | Mn nodule | Several | Mud | Reddish brown zeolitic mud | Mn nodules at contact with the upper layer of dark-brown zeolitic mud |
| VA13-2-227KL | 9.2852 | -145.8395 | -5129 | Piston corer | VA13-2-227KL-5 | 9.000 | 8.50 | 9.50 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Mud | Reddish brown zeolitic mud | With Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-231KL | 9.2592 | -145.9783 | -5186 | Piston corer | VA13-2-231KL-1 | 0.050 | 0.00 | 0.10 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Several | Ooze | Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze | With some Mn micronodules |
| VA13-2-231KL | 9.2592 | -145.9783 | -5186 | Piston corer | VA13-2-231KL-2 | 0.100 | 0.10 | 0.10 | Buried | Mn nodule | Several | Mud | Dark-brown zeolitic mud | Mn nodules laying at contact with upper Light-brown radiolarian-bearing nanno ooze |