Citation:

PANGAEA.942320

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and development and growth in early‑stage larvae of the endemic New Zealand sea urchin, Evechinus chloroticus
Published: 2021
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Development; Echinodermata; Evechinus chloroticus; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Pelagos; Respiration; Single species; South Pacific; Temperate; Zooplankton

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Abstract:

Under the ocean acidification (OA) conditions predicted for 2100, the larval stages of temperate sea urchins are smaller, with reduced and abnormal skeleton and changes in metabolic rate. Here, we measure the impact of near-future and long-term predictions of atmospheric pCO2 levels on the early development of the echinometrid sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus using single male:female crosses, effect sizes and a within-study meta-analysis. Using the developmental signpost of the 16-cell stage, we show a mean delay of 5.11 min at pH 7.7 and 11.85 min at pH 7.5, which may have flow-on effects to later embryo and larval stages. Echinopluteus larvae raised in OA conditions (pH 7.7, 7.5) were 5–10% smaller in body length and 10–12% smaller in arm length than controls. Metabolic rate was highly variable between single male:female crosses—increasing in some crosses, decreasing in others—with a non-significant effect size in the meta-analysis. Preliminary experiments suggest that metabolic rate changes may be impacted by loss of mitochondrial function at low pH. Single male:female crosses showed variable OA responses in all measurements, suggesting that when assessing the population-level impacts of OA on early development of sea urchins there is a need to include high levels of biological replication.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Development; Echinodermata; Evechinus chloroticus; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Pelagos; Respiration; Single species; South Pacific; Temperate; Zooplankton

Supplement to:

Sewell, M A; Baker, Daniel; Hudson, Michael E; Millar, Russell B; Hickey, Anthony J R (2021): Near-future oceanic CO2 delays development and growth in early-stage larvae of the endemic New Zealand sea urchin, Evechinus chloroticus. Marine Biology, 168(9), https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-021-03932-w

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James (2021): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.16. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seacarb/index.html

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Latitude: -35.698300 * Longitude: 174.810800

Event(s):

Matheson_Bay * Latitude: -35.698300 * Longitude: 174.810800 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2021) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2022-3-14.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Sewell, M A		study
2	Species	Species		Sewell, M A
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Sewell, M A		WoRMS Aphia ID
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Sewell, M A
5	Identification	ID		Sewell, M A		Part
6	Identification	ID		Sewell, M A		Cross
7	Time in minutes	Time	min	Sewell, M A		post-fertilization
8	Treatment	Treat		Sewell, M A		Emission Scenario
9	Replicate	Repl		Sewell, M A
10	Embryos	Embryos	#	Sewell, M A
11	Embryos	Embryos	%	Sewell, M A		>=8-cell
12	Embryos	Embryos	%	Sewell, M A		>=16-cell
13	Angle	Angle	deg	Sewell, M A		Arm
14	Width	w	µm	Sewell, M A		Arm
15	Body length	BL	µm	Sewell, M A
16	Arm length	AL	mm	Sewell, M A
17	Symmetry	Sym		Sewell, M A
18	Time in hours	Time	h	Sewell, M A
19	Respiration rate, oxygen, per individual	Resp O2/ind	pmol/#/h	Sewell, M A
20	Metabolic rate of oxygen per individual	MR O2/ind	pmol/#/h	Sewell, M A		Routine
21	Proton leak rate	LEAK	pmol/#/h	Sewell, M A
22	Metabolic rate of oxygen per individual	MR O2/ind	pmol/#/h	Sewell, M A		maximal
23	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Sewell, M A
24	Temperature, water, standard error	T std e	±	Sewell, M A
25	Salinity	Sal		Sewell, M A
26	Salinity, standard error	Sal std e	±	Sewell, M A
27	pH	pH		Sewell, M A	Potentiometric	total scale
28	pH, standard error	pH std e	±	Sewell, M A	Potentiometric	total scale
29	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Sewell, M A	Calculated using CO2SYS
30	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error	pCO2water_SST_wet std e	±	Sewell, M A	Calculated using CO2SYS
31	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Sewell, M A	Calculated using CO2SYS
32	Calcite saturation state, standard error	Omega Cal std e	±	Sewell, M A	Calculated using CO2SYS
33	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Sewell, M A	Calculated using CO2SYS
34	Aragonite saturation state, standard error	Omega Arg std e	±	Sewell, M A	Calculated using CO2SYS
35	pH change	D pH		Sewell, M A
36	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Sewell, M A	Potentiometric titration
37	Alkalinity, total, standard error	AT std e	±	Sewell, M A	Potentiometric titration
38	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
40	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
42	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
43	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
44	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
45	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
46	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

35354 data points

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