Citation:

PANGAEA.939815

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and coralline algal diversity
Published: 2021-12-31
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Benthos; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Field observation; Mediterranean Sea; North Pacific; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

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Abstract:

Calcified coralline algae are ecologically important in rocky habitats in the marine photic zone worldwide and there is growing concern that ocean acidification will severely impact them. Laboratory studies of these algae in simulated ocean acidification conditions have revealed wide variability in growth, photosynthesis and calcification responses, making it difficult to assess their future biodiversity, abundance and contribution to ecosystem function. Here, we apply molecular systematic tools to assess the impact of natural gradients in seawater carbonate chemistry on the biodiversity of coralline algae in the Mediterranean and the NW Pacific, link this to their evolutionary history and evaluate their potential future biodiversity and abundance. We found a decrease in the taxonomic diversity of coralline algae with increasing acidification with more than half of the species lost in high pCO2 conditions. Sporolithales is the oldest order (Lower Cretaceous) and diversified when ocean chemistry favoured low Mg calcite deposition; it is less diverse today and was the most sensitive to ocean acidification. Corallinales were also reduced in cover and diversity but several species survived at high pCO2; it is the most recent order of coralline algae and originated when ocean chemistry favoured aragonite and high Mg calcite deposition. The sharp decline in cover and thickness of coralline algal carbonate deposits at high pCO2 highlighted their lower fitness in response to ocean acidification. Reductions in CO2 emissions are needed to limit the risk of losing coralline algal diversity.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Field observation; Mediterranean Sea; North Pacific; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

Supplement to:

Peña, Viviana; Harvey, Ben P; Agostini, Sylvain; Porzio, Lucia; Milazzo, Marco; Horta, Paulo Antunes; Gall, Line Le; Hall-Spencer, Jason M (2021): Major loss of coralline algal diversity in response to ocean acidification. Global Change Biology, 27(19), 4785-4798, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15757

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James (2021): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.16. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seacarb/index.html

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 36.367935 * Median Longitude: 77.077500 * South-bound Latitude: 34.319170 * West-bound Longitude: 14.950000 * North-bound Latitude: 38.416700 * East-bound Longitude: 139.205000

Event(s):

Shikine * Latitude: 34.319170 * Longitude: 139.205000 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Vulcano * Latitude: 38.416700 * Longitude: 14.950000 * Location: Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, North East Sicily, Italy * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2021) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2021-12-31.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event		Hall-Spencer, Jason M
2	Type	Type		Hall-Spencer, Jason M		study
3	Location	Location		Hall-Spencer, Jason M		study area
4	Site	Site		Hall-Spencer, Jason M
5	Species richness	S		Hall-Spencer, Jason M		Coralline algal
6	Marine habitat	Marine habitat		Hall-Spencer, Jason M
7	Coverage	Cov	%	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
8	Coverage, standard error	Cov std e	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
9	Calcium carbonate mass	CaCO3 mass	mg/cm²	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
10	Calcium carbonate, standard deviation	CaCO3 std dev	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
11	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
12	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
13	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
14	Salinity	Sal		Hall-Spencer, Jason M
15	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
16	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
17	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
18	pH	pH		Hall-Spencer, Jason M		total scale
19	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M		total scale
20	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
21	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
22	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
23	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
24	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
25	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
26	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Hall-Spencer, Jason M
27	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
28	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Hall-Spencer, Jason M
29	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Hall-Spencer, Jason M
30	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
31	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
33	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
36	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1207 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Type (study)	3 Location (study area)	4 Site	5 S (Coralline algal)	6 Marine habitat	7 Cov [%]	8 Cov std e [±]	9 CaCO3 mass [mg/cm²]	10 CaCO3 std dev [±]	11 Temp [°C]	12 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	13 pCO2 std dev [±]	14 Sal	15 Sal std dev [±]	16 AT [µmol/kg]	17 AT std dev [±]	18 pH (total scale)	19 pH std dev [±] (total scale)	20 DIC [µmol/kg]	21 DIC std dev [±]	22 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	23 [HCO3]- std dev [±]	24 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	25 [CO3]2- std dev [±]	26 Omega Arg	27 Omega Arg std dev [±]	28 Omega Cal	29 Omega Cal std dev [±]	30 CSC flag	31 CO2 [µmol/kg]	32 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	33 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	34 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	35 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	36 DIC [µmol/kg]	37 Omega Arg	38 Omega Cal
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Reference	34						16.5	310.8	46.0	34.5	0.42	2264.8	15.8	8.14	0.05	1964.0	34.3	1742.3	55.0	211.6	22.2	5.08	0.53	3.30	0.34	8	10.94	304.72	305.80	1788.60	192.06	1991.60	2.96	4.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Increased CO2	5						18.1	530.3	123.1	34.6	0.06	2258.1	17.2	7.94	0.08	2043.0	37.9	1868.7	58.5	157.9	23.3	3.80	0.56	2.48	0.36	8	17.91	522.64	524.46	1915.71	138.25	2071.87	2.14	3.31
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	High CO2	15						16.3	763.6	241.6	34.5	0.35	2269.6	19.8	7.81	0.09	2124.2	34.5	1983.2	45.6	116.3	18.4	2.79	0.44	1.81	0.28	8	26.55	734.80	737.43	2020.08	100.69	2147.32	1.55	2.41
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Very High CO2	0						21.3	1796.3	1285.2	34.7	0.74	2268.1	20.5	7.53	0.24	2212.0	82.9	2081.6	82.3	75.8	33.3	1.82	0.80	1.19	0.52	8	47.15	1505.18	1510.23	2103.63	66.77	2217.55	1.04	1.60
Shikine	field	Mediterranean	Reference	19						21.4	385.2	47.5	38.2	0.05	2500.8	16.5	8.08	0.04	2186.1	27.7	1948.9	44.1	224.8	17.9	5.24	0.42	3.41	0.27	8	11.83	385.67	386.97	1924.17	235.05	2171.04	3.59	5.49
Shikine	field	Mediterranean	Increased CO2	6						21.4	467.0	32.8	38.2	0.04	2456.7	69.0	8.01	0.03	2189.7	13.7	1981.8	21.4	193.0	8.6	4.50	0.20	2.93	0.13	8	14.13	460.69	462.23	1956.28	203.40	2173.81	3.11	4.75
Shikine	field	Mediterranean	High CO2	1						21.4	734.6	314.6	38.3	0.10	2518.7	2.4	7.87	0.15	2313.9	72.1	2132.8	104.8	157.6	42.8	3.67	1.00	2.39	0.65	8	21.18	691.04	693.35	2126.01	160.47	2307.66	2.45	3.74
Shikine	field	Mediterranean	Very High CO2	0						21.5	1012.5	138.5	38.2	0.11	2515.6	13.3	7.73	0.05	2385.6	20.0	2240.4	26.7	112.4	10.9	2.62	0.26	1.71	0.17	8	30.46	996.11	999.44	2218.53	121.51	2370.50	1.86	2.84
Shikine	field	Mediterranean	Reference		Intertidal	66.80	43.040			21.4	385.2	47.5	38.2	0.05	2500.8	16.5	8.08	0.04	2186.1	27.7	1948.9	44.1	224.8	17.9	5.24	0.42	3.41	0.27	8	11.83	385.67	386.97	1924.17	235.05	2171.04	3.59	5.49
Shikine	field	Mediterranean	Increased CO2		Intertidal	28.00	22.380			21.4	467.0	32.8	38.2	0.04	2456.7	69.0	8.01	0.03	2189.7	13.7	1981.8	21.4	193.0	8.6	4.50	0.20	2.93	0.13	8	14.13	460.69	462.23	1956.28	203.40	2173.81	3.11	4.75
Shikine	field	Mediterranean	High CO2		Intertidal	0.20	0.440			21.4	734.6	314.6	38.3	0.10	2518.7	2.4	7.87	0.15	2313.9	72.1	2132.8	104.8	157.6	42.8	3.67	1.00	2.39	0.65	8	21.18	691.04	693.35	2126.01	160.47	2307.66	2.45	3.74
Shikine	field	Mediterranean	Very high CO2		Intertidal	0.00				21.5	1012.5	138.5	38.2	0.11	2515.6	13.3	7.73	0.05	2385.6	20.0	2240.4	26.7	112.4	10.9	2.62	0.26	1.71	0.17	8	30.46	996.11	999.44	2218.53	121.51	2370.50	1.86	2.84
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Reference		Intertidal	66.25	13.550			16.5	310.8	46.0	34.5	0.42	2264.8	15.8	8.14	0.05	1964.0	34.3	1742.3	55.0	211.6	22.2	5.08	0.53	3.30	0.34	8	10.94	304.72	305.80	1788.60	192.06	1991.60	2.96	4.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Increased CO2		Intertidal	58.00	35.600			18.1	530.3	123.1	34.6	0.06	2258.1	17.2	7.94	0.08	2043.0	37.9	1868.7	58.5	157.9	23.3	3.80	0.56	2.48	0.36	8	17.91	522.64	524.46	1915.71	138.25	2071.87	2.14	3.31
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	High CO2		Intertidal	29.75	24.390			16.3	763.6	241.6	34.5	0.35	2269.6	19.8	7.81	0.09	2124.2	34.5	1983.2	45.6	116.3	18.4	2.79	0.44	1.81	0.28	8	26.55	734.80	737.43	2020.08	100.69	2147.32	1.55	2.41
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Very high CO2		Intertidal	0.00	0.000			21.3	1796.3	1285.2	34.7	0.74	2268.1	20.5	7.53	0.24	2212.0	82.9	2081.6	82.3	75.8	33.3	1.82	0.80	1.19	0.52	8	47.15	1505.18	1510.23	2103.63	66.77	2217.55	1.04	1.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Reference		Subtidal-bedrock	93.33	9.433			16.5	310.8	46.0	34.5	0.42	2264.8	15.8	8.14	0.05	1964.0	34.3	1742.3	55.0	211.6	22.2	5.08	0.53	3.30	0.34	8	10.94	304.72	305.80	1788.60	192.06	1991.60	2.96	4.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Increased CO2		Subtidal-bedrock	46.00	29.400			18.1	530.3	123.1	34.6	0.06	2258.1	17.2	7.94	0.08	2043.0	37.9	1868.7	58.5	157.9	23.3	3.80	0.56	2.48	0.36	8	17.91	522.64	524.46	1915.71	138.25	2071.87	2.14	3.31
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	High CO2		Subtidal-bedrock	27.83	1.655			16.3	763.6	241.6	34.5	0.35	2269.6	19.8	7.81	0.09	2124.2	34.5	1983.2	45.6	116.3	18.4	2.79	0.44	1.81	0.28	8	26.55	734.80	737.43	2020.08	100.69	2147.32	1.55	2.41
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Very high CO2		Subtidal-bedrock	0.00	0.000			21.3	1796.3	1285.2	34.7	0.74	2268.1	20.5	7.53	0.24	2212.0	82.9	2081.6	82.3	75.8	33.3	1.82	0.80	1.19	0.52	8	47.15	1505.18	1510.23	2103.63	66.77	2217.55	1.04	1.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Reference		Subtidal-rubble	94.42	2.710			16.5	310.8	46.0	34.5	0.42	2264.8	15.8	8.14	0.05	1964.0	34.3	1742.3	55.0	211.6	22.2	5.08	0.53	3.30	0.34	8	10.94	304.72	305.80	1788.60	192.06	1991.60	2.96	4.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Increased CO2		Subtidal-rubble	19.00	6.640			18.1	530.3	123.1	34.6	0.06	2258.1	17.2	7.94	0.08	2043.0	37.9	1868.7	58.5	157.9	23.3	3.80	0.56	2.48	0.36	8	17.91	522.64	524.46	1915.71	138.25	2071.87	2.14	3.31
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	High CO2		Subtidal-rubble	19.00	10.210			16.3	763.6	241.6	34.5	0.35	2269.6	19.8	7.81	0.09	2124.2	34.5	1983.2	45.6	116.3	18.4	2.79	0.44	1.81	0.28	8	26.55	734.80	737.43	2020.08	100.69	2147.32	1.55	2.41
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Very high CO2		Subtidal-rubble	0.00	0.000			21.3	1796.3	1285.2	34.7	0.74	2268.1	20.5	7.53	0.24	2212.0	82.9	2081.6	82.3	75.8	33.3	1.82	0.80	1.19	0.52	8	47.15	1505.18	1510.23	2103.63	66.77	2217.55	1.04	1.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Reference		Subtidal-rubble			666.185731700	173.446713200	16.5	310.8	46.0	34.5	0.42	2264.8	15.8	8.14	0.05	1964.0	34.3	1742.3	55.0	211.6	22.2	5.08	0.53	3.30	0.34	8	10.94	304.72	305.80	1788.60	192.06	1991.60	2.96	4.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Increased CO2		Subtidal-rubble			6.323593074	4.001622052	18.1	530.3	123.1	34.6	0.06	2258.1	17.2	7.94	0.08	2043.0	37.9	1868.7	58.5	157.9	23.3	3.80	0.56	2.48	0.36	8	17.91	522.64	524.46	1915.71	138.25	2071.87	2.14	3.31
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	High CO2		Subtidal-rubble			7.956364332	4.008733654	16.3	763.6	241.6	34.5	0.35	2269.6	19.8	7.81	0.09	2124.2	34.5	1983.2	45.6	116.3	18.4	2.79	0.44	1.81	0.28	8	26.55	734.80	737.43	2020.08	100.69	2147.32	1.55	2.41
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Very High CO2		Subtidal-rubble			0.000000000	0.000000000	21.3	1796.3	1285.2	34.7	0.74	2268.1	20.5	7.53	0.24	2212.0	82.9	2081.6	82.3	75.8	33.3	1.82	0.80	1.19	0.52	8	47.15	1505.18	1510.23	2103.63	66.77	2217.55	1.04	1.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Reference		Subtidal-bedrock			505.769722200	221.193906200	16.5	310.8	46.0	34.5	0.42	2264.8	15.8	8.14	0.05	1964.0	34.3	1742.3	55.0	211.6	22.2	5.08	0.53	3.30	0.34	8	10.94	304.72	305.80	1788.60	192.06	1991.60	2.96	4.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Increased CO2		Subtidal-bedrock			248.838888900	60.527306660	18.1	530.3	123.1	34.6	0.06	2258.1	17.2	7.94	0.08	2043.0	37.9	1868.7	58.5	157.9	23.3	3.80	0.56	2.48	0.36	8	17.91	522.64	524.46	1915.71	138.25	2071.87	2.14	3.31
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	High CO2		Subtidal-bedrock			8.734259259	7.967131876	16.3	763.6	241.6	34.5	0.35	2269.6	19.8	7.81	0.09	2124.2	34.5	1983.2	45.6	116.3	18.4	2.79	0.44	1.81	0.28	8	26.55	734.80	737.43	2020.08	100.69	2147.32	1.55	2.41
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Very High CO2		Subtidal-bedrock			0.000000000	0.000000000	21.3	1796.3	1285.2	34.7	0.74	2268.1	20.5	7.53	0.24	2212.0	82.9	2081.6	82.3	75.8	33.3	1.82	0.80	1.19	0.52	8	47.15	1505.18	1510.23	2103.63	66.77	2217.55	1.04	1.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Reference		Intertidal			700.479444400	275.493365300	16.5	310.8	46.0	34.5	0.42	2264.8	15.8	8.14	0.05	1964.0	34.3	1742.3	55.0	211.6	22.2	5.08	0.53	3.30	0.34	8	10.94	304.72	305.80	1788.60	192.06	1991.60	2.96	4.60
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Increased CO2		Intertidal			411.937777800	314.850244000	18.1	530.3	123.1	34.6	0.06	2258.1	17.2	7.94	0.08	2043.0	37.9	1868.7	58.5	157.9	23.3	3.80	0.56	2.48	0.36	8	17.91	522.64	524.46	1915.71	138.25	2071.87	2.14	3.31
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	High CO2		Intertidal			8.718055556	0.965904073	16.3	763.6	241.6	34.5	0.35	2269.6	19.8	7.81	0.09	2124.2	34.5	1983.2	45.6	116.3	18.4	2.79	0.44	1.81	0.28	8	26.55	734.80	737.43	2020.08	100.69	2147.32	1.55	2.41
Vulcano	field	NW Pacific	Very High CO2		Intertidal			0.000000000	0.000000000	21.3	1796.3	1285.2	34.7	0.74	2268.1	20.5	7.53	0.24	2212.0	82.9	2081.6	82.3	75.8	33.3	1.82	0.80	1.19	0.52	8	47.15	1505.18	1510.23	2103.63	66.77	2217.55	1.04	1.60