Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 Earle Michael E michael.earle@ec.gc.ca Joe Paul paul.joe@hotmail.com 2021 Unshielded precipitation gauge collection efficiency with wind speed and hydrometeor fall velocity dataset https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.938685 2021-11-29T09:43:33 Collection efficiency transfer functions that compensate for wind-induced collection loss are presented and evaluated for unshielded precipitation gauges. Three novel transfer functions with wind speed and precipitation fall velocity dependence are developed, including a function from computational fluid dynamics modelling (CFD), an experimental fall velocity threshold function (HE1), and an experimental linear fall velocity dependence function (HE2). These functions are evaluated alongside universal (KUniversal) and climate-specific (KCARE) transfer functions with wind speed and temperature dependence. Transfer function performance is assessed using 30-minute precipitation event accumulations reported by unshielded and shielded Geonor T-200B3 precipitation gauges over two winter seasons. The latter gauge was installed in a Double Fence Automated Reference (DFAR) configuration. Estimates of fall velocity were provided by a Precipitation Occurrence Sensor System (POSS). The CFD function reduced the RMSE (0.08 mm) relative to KUniversal (0.20 mm), KCARE (0.13 mm), and the unadjusted measurements (0.24 mm), with a bias error of 0.011 mm. The HE1 function provided a RMSE of 0.09 mm and bias error of 0.006 mm, capturing well the collection efficiency trends for rain and snow. The HE2 function better captured the overall collection efficiency, including mixed precipitation, resulting in a RMSE of 0.07 mm and bias error of 0.006 mm. These functions are assessed across solid and liquid hydrometeor types and for temperatures between -22 °C and 19 °C. The results demonstrate that transfer functions incorporating hydrometeor fall velocity can dramatically reduce the uncertainty of adjusted precipitation measurements relative to functions based on temperature. Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 Earle Michael E michael.earle@ec.gc.ca Joe Paul paul.joe@hotmail.com Sullivan Pierre E 0000-0003-1454-3391 2021 Unshielded precipitation gauge collection efficiency with wind speed and hydrometeor fall velocity journal article Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25(10) https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5473-2021 5473-5491 Precipitation gauge collection efficiency with wind speed and hydrometeor fall velocity - README https://download.pangaea.de/reference/111046/attachments/Data_Description_Experiment_20210920.pdf -79.78 -79.78 44.23 44.23 -79.78 44.23 2013-11-17T07:30:00 2015-04-23T05:00:47 2.0 2.0 time series CARE_SPICE CAR, Centre for Atmospheric Research Experiments 44.23 -79.78 251.0 2013-11-17T00:00:00 2015-04-23T00:00:00 Canada SPICE Solid Precipitation Intercomparison Experiment https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=5686 Nitu, R 2013-01-01 2015-04-01 Monitoring station Monitoring station MONS 6168 CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ DATE/TIME Date/Time http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601 Time T http://dbpedia.org/resource/Time Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 Date/Time HEIGHT above ground Height m http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Height height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000119 Length L http://dbpedia.org/resource/Length Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 Height [m] Precipitation Precip mm Length L http://dbpedia.org/resource/Length DFAR - Double Fence Automated Reference Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 Precip [mm] (DFAR - Double Fence Automated...) Precipitation Precip mm Length L http://dbpedia.org/resource/Length Unshielded Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 Precip [mm] (Unshielded) Wind speed ff m/s Linear Velocity http://dbpedia.org/resource/Velocity wind speed Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 ff [m/s] Temperature, air TTT °C Temperature Θ http://dbpedia.org/resource/Temperature air Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 TTT [°C] Precipitation description Precip descr Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 Precip descr Fall velocity dZ m/s Linear Velocity http://dbpedia.org/resource/Velocity Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 mode dZ [m/s] (mode) Fall velocity dZ m/s Linear Velocity http://dbpedia.org/resource/Velocity Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 mean dZ [m/s] (mean) Precipitation Precip mm Length L http://dbpedia.org/resource/Length KUniversal - Universal transfer function Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 adjusted unshielded Precip [mm] (adjusted unshielded, KUnivers...) Precipitation Precip mm Length L http://dbpedia.org/resource/Length KCARE - Climate-specific transfer function Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 adjusted unshielded Precip [mm] (adjusted unshielded, KCARE - ...) Precipitation Precip mm Length L http://dbpedia.org/resource/Length CFD - Computational fluid dynamics modelling function Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 adjusted unshielded Precip [mm] (adjusted unshielded, CFD - Co...) Precipitation Precip mm Length L http://dbpedia.org/resource/Length HE1 - Experimental fall velocity threshold function Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 adjusted unshielded Precip [mm] (adjusted unshielded, HE1 - Ex...) Precipitation Precip mm Length L http://dbpedia.org/resource/Length HE2 - Experimental linear fall velocity dependence function Hoover Jeffery jeffery.hoover@ec.gc.ca 0000-0003-2350-8379 adjusted unshielded Precip [mm] (adjusted unshielded, HE2 - Ex...) CurationLevelC Enhanced curation https://wiki.pangaea.de/wiki/Curation_levels citable catch efficiency collection efficiency precipitation amount precipitation gauge Precipitation Occurrence Sensor System unshielded author71787 author85720 author85721 author85722 basis4638 campaign48105 curlevel30 event2988614 geocode1599 geocode1600 geocode1601 geocode56349 geocode8128 journal6670 license21 method11312 method13994 method13995 method13996 method13997 method13998 method13999 method14000 param137028 param175000 param18906 param4610 param50760 pi85720 ref111046 ref111047 term1073288 term23865 term40453 term43863 term43876 term43972 term43975 term49044 term61109 term69721 term69722 term69723 term69724 term69725 topotype8