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Chadwick, Matthew; Allen, Claire Susannah; Crosta, Xavier (2021): MIS 5e Southern Ocean September sea-ice concentrations and summer sea-surface temperatures reconstructed from marine sediment cores using a MAT diatom transfer function [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.936573

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Abstract:
Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e is the latest period when global atmospheric temperatures were warmer than present and global sea levels were higher than present. Environmental conditions during MIS 5e therefore represent an important 'process analogue' for understanding the climatic mechanisms and responses active under future anthropogenic warming. MIS 5e diatom assemblages were reconstructed for nine Southern Ocean marine sediment cores (ANTA91-8, ELT17-9, MD03-2603, NBP9802-04, PC509, TPC287, TPC288, TPC290 & U1361A). A modern analog technique (MAT) transfer function (Crosta et al. 1998) was applied to the diatom assemblages to reconstruct the MIS 5e September sea-ice concentration (SIC) and summer (January – March) sea-surface temperature (SSST) for each sample. The MAT compares the relative abundances of 33 diatom species in each MIS 5e sample to the abundances of the same species in a modern reference dataset composed of 257 surface sediment samples (modern analogs) from the SO. Modern conditions for each surface sediment sample are interpolated on a 1o x 1o grid, with SSSTs from the World Ocean Atlas 2013 (Locarnini et al., 2013) and September SIC from the numerical atlas of Schweitzer (1995). The MAT was implemented using the “bioindic” R-package (Guiot and de Vernal, 2011), with chord distance used to select the 5 most similar modern analogs to each MIS 5e assemblage. A cut-off threshold, above which any analogs are deemed too dissimilar to the MIS 5e sample, is fixed as the first quartile of random distances determined by a Monte Carlo simulation of the reference dataset (Simpson, 2007). The reconstructed SSSTs have a Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) of 1.09 oC and an R2 of 0.96, and the reconstructed September SICs have a RMSEP of 9 % and an R2 of 0.93.
Keyword(s):
Diatom assemblage; Last Interglacial; modern analogue technique; sea ice concentration; Sea surface temperature; Sediment cores; Southern Ocean; transfer function
Related to:
Chadwick, Matthew; Allen, Claire Susannah; Sime, Louise C; Crosta, Xavier; Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter (2022): How does the Southern Ocean palaeoenvironment during Marine Isotope Stage 5e compare to the modern? Marine Micropaleontology, 170, 102066, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2021.102066
Chadwick, Matthew; Allen, Claire Susannah; Sime, Louise C; Crosta, Xavier; Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter (submitted): Reconstructing Antarctic winter sea-ice extent during Marine Isotope Stage 5e. Climate of the Past
Chase, Zanna; Anderson, Robert F; Fleisher, Martin Q; Kubik, Peter W (2003): Accumulation of biogenic and lithogenic material in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean during the past 40,000 years. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 50(3-4), 799-832, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00595-7
Crosta, Xavier; Pichon, Jean-Jacques; Burckle, Lloyd H (1998): Application of modern analog technique to marine Antarctic diatoms: Reconstruction of maximum sea-ice extent at the Last Glacial Maximum. Paleoceanography, 13(3), 284-297, https://doi.org/10.1029/98pa00339
Guiot, Joel; de Vernal, Anne (2011): Is spatial autocorrelation introducing biases in the apparent accuracy of paleoclimatic reconstructions? Quaternary Science Reviews, 30(15-16), 1965-1972, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.04.022
Locarnini, Ricardo A; Mishonov, Alexey V; Antonov, J I; Boyer, Timothy P; Garcia, H E; Baranova, O; Zweng, M M; Paver, Christopher R; Reagan, James R; Johnson, D R; Hamilton, Melanie; Seidov, Dan (2013): World ocean atlas 2013. Volume 1: Temperature. In: Levitus, S. (Ed.), Mishonov,A. (Technical Ed.), NOAA Atlas NESDIS 75, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 48 pp., https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/14847
Presti, Massimo; Barbara, Loïc; Denis, Delphine; Schmidt, Sabine; de Santis, Laura; Crosta, Xavier (2011): Sediment delivery and depositional patterns off Adélie Land (East Antarctica) in relation to late Quaternary climatic cycles. Marine Geology, 284(1-4), 96-113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2011.03.012
Pugh, R S; McCave, I Nick; Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter; Kuhn, Gerhard (2009): Circum-Antarctic age modelling of Quaternary marine cores under the Antarctic Circumpolar Current: Ice-core dust–magnetic correlation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 284(1-2), 113-123, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.04.016
Schweitzer, Peter N (1995): Monthly average polar sea-ice concentration 1978 through 1991. U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series, DDS-27, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds27
Simpson, Gavin (2007): Analogue Methods in Palaeoecology: Using the analogue Package. Journal of Statistical Software, 22(2), https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v022.i02
Williams, Thomas (2018): Investigating the circulation of Southern Ocean deep water masses over the last 1.5 million years by geochemical fingerprinting of marine sediments. Apollo-University Of Cambridge Repository, https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.21086
Wilson, David J; Bertram, Rachel A; Needham, Emma F; Welsh, Kevin; McKay, Robert M; Mazumder, Anannya; Riesselman, Christina R; Jiménez-Espejo, Francisco Jose; Escutia, Carlota (2018): Ice loss from the East Antarctic Ice Sheet during late Pleistocene interglacials. Nature, 561(7723), 383-386, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0501-8
Funding:
Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), grant/award no. NE/L002531/1
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -63.340764 * Median Longitude: -126.084543 * South-bound Latitude: -70.783330 * West-bound Longitude: 139.375200 * North-bound Latitude: -55.550000 * East-bound Longitude: -36.651170
Date/Time Start: 1965-01-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2008-03-29T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 2.010 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 8.980 m
Event(s):
318-U1361A  * Latitude: -64.409547 * Longitude: 143.886653 * Elevation: -3465.5 m * Recovery: 338.86 m * Campaign: Exp318 (Wilkes Land) * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 41 cores; 388 m cored; 87 % recovered; 0 m drilled; 388 m penetrated
ANTA91-8  * Latitude: -70.783330 * Longitude: 172.833300 * Elevation: -2383.0 m * Method/Device: Gravity corer (GC)
ELT17.009-PC  * Latitude: -63.083000 * Longitude: -135.117000 * Date/Time: 1965-01-01T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4935.0 m * Recovery: 20.18 m * Campaign: ELT17 * Basis: Eltanin * Method/Device: Piston corer (PC)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Event labelEventChadwick, Matthew
Latitude of eventLatitudeChadwick, Matthew
Longitude of eventLongitudeChadwick, Matthew
Elevation of eventElevationmChadwick, Matthew
DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmChadwick, MatthewGeocode – mbsf
AGEAgeka BPChadwick, MatthewAge model, EDC3 (EPICA Ice Dome C, Parrenin et al., 2007)Geocode
AGEAgeka BPChadwick, MatthewAge model according to Lisiecki & Raymo (2005) [LR04]Geocode
Sea ice concentration, SeptemberSea ice con (9)%Chadwick, MatthewModern analog technique (MAT)
Sea surface temperature, summerSST sum°CChadwick, MatthewModern analog technique (MAT)
10 Reference/sourceReferenceChadwick, MatthewChronology reference
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
435 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Event

Latitude

Longitude

Elevation [m]

Depth sed [m]
(mbsf)

Age [ka BP]
(Age model, EDC3 (EPICA Ice Do...)

Age [ka BP]
(Age model according to Lisiec...)

Sea ice con (9) [%]
(Modern analog technique (MAT))

SST sum [°C]
(Modern analog technique (MAT))
10 
Reference
(Chronology reference)
ANTA91-8 -70.783172.83-23832.720119.71118.7138.621.08Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.740120.48119.4933.330.99Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.760121.25120.2638.150.96Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.780122.01121.0434.661.04Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.800122.78121.8149.130.75Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.820123.54122.5951.700.51Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.840124.31123.3634.000.92Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.860125.08124.1434.271.06Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.880125.84124.9149.770.87Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.900126.61125.6941.681.08Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.920127.38126.4666.000.34Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.940128.14127.2463.490.22Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.960128.91128.0157.000.69Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23832.980129.67128.7963.850.21Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23833.000130.44129.5665.120.56Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23833.020131.21130.3440.611.01Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23833.040131.97131.1141.771.04Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23833.060132.73131.8842.951.01Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23833.080133.47132.6341.541.05Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23833.100134.21133.3857.230.50Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23833.113134.69133.8652.620.87Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23833.120134.95134.1338.850.98Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ANTA91-8-70.783172.83-23833.140135.69134.8834.650.94Chadwick et al. (submitted)
ELT17.009-PC -63.083-135.12-49356.000118.44117.1511.362.53Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.050119.59118.3611.212.26Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.100120.74119.5121.851.92Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.150121.92120.737.022.25Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.200123.07121.9013.712.35Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.250124.20123.1110.043.02Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.300125.34124.2311.762.90Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.350126.51125.4312.372.43Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.400127.67126.6320.242.44Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.450128.80127.746.852.41Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.500129.93128.9519.081.96Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.550131.08130.1012.122.85Chase et al. (2003)
ELT17.009-PC-63.083-135.12-49356.600132.23131.3117.212.61Chase et al. (2003)
MD03-2603 -64.285139.38-32908.280119.89118.8946.700.80Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.320120.76119.7712.301.90Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.360121.62120.6411.402.45Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.400122.49121.521.273.02Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.440123.35122.3915.612.30Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.480124.22123.271.123.31Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.520125.08124.1451.091.02Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.560125.95125.0216.162.32Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.600126.81125.8915.802.41Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.640127.54126.639.613.57Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.680128.25127.3539.511.19Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.720128.96128.0612.083.35Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.760129.67128.7845.961.29Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.800130.38129.500.005.87Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.820130.73129.8616.043.16Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.860131.44130.5823.283.07Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.900132.15131.3024.422.97Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.940132.86132.0118.213.60Presti et al. (2011)
MD03-2603-64.285139.38-32908.980133.57132.7329.072.43Presti et al. (2011)
NBP9802-04 -64.197-170.08-26852.170117.56116.536.761.87Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.190118.97117.9610.421.96Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.210120.39119.391.612.34Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.230121.80120.8310.282.14Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.250123.22122.268.532.07Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.270124.63123.6910.482.26Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.290126.05125.1219.941.81Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.310127.46126.551.552.28Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.330128.88127.9810.452.18Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.350130.29129.411.442.83Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.370131.70130.8411.391.70Williams (2018)
NBP9802-04-64.197-170.08-26852.390133.12132.2711.692.13Williams (2018)
JR179-PC509 -68.311-86.03-35596.040119.40118.3937.701.04Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.080120.75119.7632.941.02Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.120122.10121.1232.961.03Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.160123.45122.4932.881.01Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.200124.80123.8532.961.01Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.220125.47124.5437.721.02Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.240126.15125.2232.911.01Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.260126.82125.9037.061.08Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.280127.50126.5933.001.04Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.300128.17127.2737.431.06Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.320128.85127.9532.821.01Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.340129.52128.6332.721.01Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.360130.20129.3233.551.10Chadwick et al. (in review)
JR179-PC509-68.311-86.03-35596.400132.06131.2032.901.08Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287 -60.306-36.65-19985.420118.09117.0737.101.10Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.440118.91117.9057.600.60Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.460119.93118.9352.700.70Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.480120.95119.9649.600.90Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.500121.96120.9950.500.80Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.520122.98122.0249.600.90Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.540124.00123.0549.301.00Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.560125.02124.0856.100.90Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.580126.04125.1156.180.56Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.600127.05126.1442.641.39Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.620128.07127.1734.721.74Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.640129.09128.2086.00-0.99Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.660129.85128.979.964.07Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.680130.36129.485.214.26Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.700130.86129.998.824.45Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.720131.37130.506.883.67Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.740131.87131.019.974.07Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.760132.38131.529.704.16Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC287-60.306-36.65-19985.780132.88132.036.763.70Chadwick et al. (in review)
TPC288 -59.142-37.96-28644.180120.51119.529.273.60Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.200121.64120.6634.922.00Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.220122.78121.8144.880.60Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.240123.91122.969.723.60Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.260125.05124.118.683.90Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.280126.18125.2561.640.10Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.300127.32126.4137.112.00Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.320128.45127.5536.932.00Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.340129.59128.708.764.50Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.360130.70129.833.905.40Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.380131.38130.5117.001.70Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.400132.05131.1953.030.50Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC288-59.142-37.96-28644.460134.07133.2350.880.80Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290 -55.550-45.01-38266.670117.23116.193.004.70Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.690117.85116.830.006.60Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.710118.47117.460.005.60Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.730119.10118.093.005.20Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.750119.72118.720.006.50Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.770120.35119.353.005.80Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.790120.97119.980.006.00Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.810121.60120.624.006.20Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.830122.22121.259.104.40Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.870123.47122.5117.001.70Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.890124.09123.1417.004.20Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.930125.34124.4132.003.00Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.950125.97125.049.003.90Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.970126.59125.6752.000.30Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38266.990127.22126.3063.400.10Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38267.010127.84126.933.004.90Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38267.030128.47127.5617.001.70Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38267.050129.09128.2017.001.70Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38267.070129.71128.8322.703.20Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38267.090130.34129.4617.001.70Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38267.110130.96130.099.003.30Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38267.130131.59130.7238.001.50Pugh et al. (2009)
TPC290-55.550-45.01-38267.150132.21131.3539.101.30Pugh et al. (2009)
318-U1361A -64.410143.89-34662.010119.99118.9922.902.40Wilson et al. (2018)
318-U1361A-64.410143.89-34662.030121.54120.5610.502.50Wilson et al. (2018)
318-U1361A-64.410143.89-34662.070124.65123.710.005.90Wilson et al. (2018)
318-U1361A-64.410143.89-34662.090126.21125.2816.602.40Wilson et al. (2018)
318-U1361A-64.410143.89-34662.110127.76126.8523.702.40Wilson et al. (2018)
318-U1361A-64.410143.89-34662.130129.32128.4376.400.40Wilson et al. (2018)
318-U1361A-64.410143.89-34662.170131.78130.9235.802.20Wilson et al. (2018)
318-U1361A-64.410143.89-34662.220134.07133.2353.100.70Wilson et al. (2018)
318-U1361A-64.410143.89-34662.300137.72136.9245.000.50Wilson et al. (2018)