Citation:

PANGAEA.934173

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and larval shell development and growth of marine bivalve
Published: 2015
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Crassostrea gigas; Development; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mytilus galloprovincialis; North Pacific; Pelagos; Single species; Temperate; Zooplankton

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Abstract:

Ocean acidification results in co-varying inorganic carbon system variables. Of these, an explicit focus on pH and organismal acid–base regulation has failed to distinguish the mechanism of failure in highly sensitive bivalve larvae. With unique chemical manipulations of seawater we show definitively that larval shell development and growth are dependent on seawater saturation state, and not on carbon dioxide partial pressure or pH. Although other physiological processes are affected by pH, mineral saturation state thresholds will be crossed decades to centuries ahead of pH thresholds owing to nonlinear changes in the carbonate system variables as carbon dioxide is added. Our findings were repeatable for two species of bivalve larvae could resolve discrepancies in experimental results, are consistent with a previous model of ocean acidification impacts due to rapid calcification in bivalve larvae, and suggest a fundamental ocean acidification bottleneck at early life-history for some marine keystone species.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Crassostrea gigas; Development; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mytilus galloprovincialis; North Pacific; Pelagos; Single species; Temperate; Zooplankton

Supplement to:

Waldbusser, George G; Hales, Burke; Langdon, Chris; Haley, Brian A; Schrader, Paul; Brunner, Elizabeth L; Gray, Matthew W; Miller, Cale A; Gimenez, Iria (2015): Saturation-state sensitivity of marine bivalve larvae to ocean acidification. Nature Climate Change, 5(3), 273-280, https://doi.org/10.1038/NCLIMATE2479

Original version:

Waldbusser, George G (2016): Dataset: Oyster Mussel Carbonate Responses. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office, https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/638362

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James (2021): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.16. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seacarb/index.html

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2021) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2021-07-28.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Waldbusser, George G		study
2	Species	Species		Waldbusser, George G
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Waldbusser, George G
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Waldbusser, George G		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Experiment	Exp		Waldbusser, George G
6	Treatment	Treat		Waldbusser, George G		values for saturation state of aragonite are noted as a to d denoted the lowest to highest values
7	Treatment	Treat		Waldbusser, George G
8	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Waldbusser, George G
9	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Waldbusser, George G
10	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Waldbusser, George G
11	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Waldbusser, George G
12	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Waldbusser, George G
13	pH	pH		Waldbusser, George G		total scale
14	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Waldbusser, George G
15	Proportion	Prop		Waldbusser, George G		fraction of Normally Developed Larvae
16	Shell length	Shell l	mm	Waldbusser, George G
17	Proportion, standard deviation	Prop std dev	±	Waldbusser, George G		fraction of Normally Developed Larvae
18	Shell length, standard deviation	Shell l std dev	±	Waldbusser, George G
19	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Waldbusser, George G
20	Salinity	Sal		Waldbusser, George G
21	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
22	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
23	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1784 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Type (study)	2 Species	3 Reg spec no	4 URL ref (WoRMS Aphia ID)	5 Exp	6 Treat (values for saturation state o...)	7 Treat	8 AT [µmol/kg]	9 DIC [µmol/kg]	10 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	11 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	12 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	13 pH (total scale)	14 Omega Arg	15 Prop (fraction of Normally Develope...)	16 Shell l [mm]	17 Prop std dev [±] (fraction of Normally Develope...)	18 Shell l std dev [±]	19 Temp [°C]	20 Sal	21 CSC flag	22 pH (total scale)	23 CO2 [µmol/kg]	24 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	25 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	26 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	27 AT [µmol/kg]	28 Omega Arg	29 Omega Cal
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	a	High pCO2	2026	2046	1936	36	2599	7.27	0.57	0.08		0.04		22	33.0	25	7.26	80.36	2590.38	1933.01	32.63	2014.61	0.52	0.79
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	a	Low pCO2	845	806	764	25	589	7.51	0.39	0.36		0.07		22	33.0	25	7.50	18.21	587.05	765.23	22.56	838.20	0.36	0.55
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	a	Mid-High pCO2	1269	1253	1189	28	1240	7.37	0.45	0.06		0.01		22	33.0	25	7.37	38.34	1235.89	1188.80	25.87	1261.40	0.41	0.63
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	a	Mid-Low pCO2	980	952	903	25	815	7.44	0.40	0.17		0.03		22	33.0	25	7.44	25.20	812.30	904.04	22.76	973.55	0.36	0.55
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	b	High pCO2	2851	2841	2696	66	2767	7.38	1.04	0.80		0.03		22	33.0	25	7.38	85.55	2757.82	2695.84	59.61	2836.26	0.94	1.45
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	b	Low pCO2	1134	1049	985	51	477	7.71	0.81	0.82		0.02		22	33.0	25	7.71	14.75	475.42	987.82	46.43	1123.49	0.74	1.13
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	b	Mid-High pCO2	1761	1723	1635	49	1361	7.47	0.78	0.76		0.02		22	33.0	25	7.47	42.08	1356.49	1636.27	44.65	1751.45	0.71	1.09
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	b	Mid-Low pCO2	1365	1305	1234	47	809	7.58	0.75	0.83		0.04		22	33.0	25	7.57	25.01	806.32	1237.06	42.93	1355.34	0.68	1.05
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	c	High pCO2	4026	3977	3774	111	3191	7.47	1.77	0.91		0.03		22	33.0	25	7.46	98.66	3180.40	3776.88	101.46	4005.31	1.61	2.47
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	c	Low pCO2	1519	1374	1269	93	433	7.86	1.47	0.86		0.03		22	33.0	25	7.86	13.39	431.57	1275.36	85.25	1504.36	1.35	2.08
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	c	Mid-High pCO2	2507	2399	2261	102	1256	7.65	1.61	0.90		0.03		22	33.0	25	7.65	38.83	1251.84	2267.28	92.89	2490.84	1.47	2.26
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	c	Mid-Low pCO2	1905	1771	1651	99	685	7.78	1.58	0.87		0.00		22	33.0	25	7.77	21.18	682.73	1658.67	91.15	1890.22	1.44	2.22
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	d	High pCO2	5772	5619	5312	211	3334	7.60	3.35	0.88		0.04		22	33.0	25	7.59	103.08	3322.93	5323.03	192.89	5742.55	3.06	4.70
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	d	Low pCO2	2247	1957	1742	205	369	8.07	3.25	0.91		0.03		22	33.0	25	8.07	11.41	367.78	1755.95	189.64	2222.61	3.01	4.62
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	d	Mid-High pCO2	3644	3438	3209	190	1352	7.77	3.02	0.96		0.01		22	33.0	25	7.77	41.80	1347.52	3221.94	174.26	3619.01	2.76	4.24
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	1	d	Mid-Low pCO2	2836	2568	2340	210	653	7.95	3.32	0.89		0.04		22	33.0	25	7.95	20.19	650.84	2355.05	192.76	2810.12	3.05	4.69
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	a	High pCO2	2401	2379	2262	57	1891	7.47	0.92	0.57	0.07297	0.04	0.00008	25	31.0	25	7.48	54.64	1884.96	2257.51	66.85	2417.58	1.09	1.66
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	a	Low pCO2	754	683	642	33	265	7.77	0.53	0.45	0.07249	0.13	0.00071	25	31.0	25	7.78	7.66	264.15	637.32	38.02	763.38	0.62	0.95
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	a	Mid-High pCO2	1428	1369	1298	48	743	7.63	0.77	0.45	0.07242	0.16	0.00025	25	31.0	25	7.64	21.47	740.63	1291.82	55.71	1440.62	0.90	1.39
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	a	Mid-Low pCO2	1028	958	904	41	418	7.72	0.67	0.33	0.07380	0.13	0.00096	25	31.0	25	7.73	12.08	416.67	898.06	47.86	1039.03	0.78	1.19
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	b	High pCO2	3408	3337	3169	104	2045	7.58	1.67	0.84	0.07629	0.05	0.00028	25	31.0	25	7.59	59.09	2038.46	3157.01	120.90	3432.31	1.96	3.01
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	b	Low pCO2	1119	989	910	71	246	7.96	1.14	0.91	0.07371	0.06	0.00009	25	31.0	25	7.97	7.11	245.22	900.18	81.71	1135.33	1.33	2.03
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	b	Mid-High pCO2	2011	1893	1776	94	715	7.78	1.50	0.82	0.07566	0.05	0.00038	25	31.0	25	7.79	20.66	712.72	1764.34	108.00	2031.50	1.75	2.68
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	b	Mid-Low pCO2	1481	1356	1261	82	412	7.87	1.31	0.86	0.07649	0.03	0.00039	25	31.0	25	7.88	11.91	410.69	1250.02	94.08	1499.40	1.53	2.34
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	c	High pCO2	4904	4701	4423	218	1905	7.76	3.49	0.89	0.07796	0.02	0.00050	25	31.0	25	7.77	55.05	1898.91	4394.49	251.46	4945.63	4.08	6.25
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	c	Low pCO2	1672	1439	1283	149	235	8.13	2.38	0.98	0.07503	0.04	0.00127	25	31.0	25	8.13	6.79	234.25	1263.66	168.55	1698.53	2.74	4.19
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	c	Mid-High pCO2	2933	2718	2516	178	756	7.91	2.85	0.90	0.07702	0.03	0.00020	25	31.0	25	7.92	21.85	753.59	2492.34	203.82	2965.69	3.31	5.07
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	c	Mid-Low pCO2	2190	1965	1789	163	417	8.02	2.61	0.95	0.07680	0.02	0.00076	25	31.0	25	8.03	12.05	415.67	1767.18	185.77	2219.65	3.02	4.62
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	d	High pCO2	7029	6634	6169	401	2013	7.88	6.43	0.93	0.08004	0.03	0.00058	25	31.0	25	7.88	58.17	2006.56	6115.04	460.79	7097.92	7.48	11.46
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	d	Low pCO2	2537	2117	1805	305	226	8.29	4.89	1.00	0.07780	0.01	0.00060	25	31.0	25	8.30	6.53	225.28	1767.56	342.91	2582.45	5.57	8.52
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	d	Mid-High pCO2	4317	3933	3574	333	815	8.03	5.33	1.00	0.07952	0.01	0.00048	25	31.0	25	8.04	23.55	812.40	3530.15	379.30	4371.13	6.16	9.43
laboratory	Crassostrea gigas (mollusk)	140656	marinespecies.org	2	d	Mid-Low pCO2	3236	2834	2503	318	419	8.17	5.09	0.96	0.07822	0.07	0.00034	25	31.0	25	8.17	12.11	417.66	2462.81	359.08	3285.65	5.83	8.93
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	a	High pCO2	1668	1735	1623	17	2671	7.16	0.28	0.00		0.00		18	30.0	25	7.17	93.80	2661.68	1623.52	17.68	1669.18	0.28	0.44
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	a	Mid-High pCO2	1252	1268	1201	18	1393	7.32	0.29	0.00		0.00		18	30.0	25	7.32	48.92	1388.15	1200.55	18.53	1252.13	0.29	0.46
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	a	Mid-Low pCO2	956	941	896	20	719	7.48	0.31	0.00		0.00		18	30.0	25	7.48	25.25	716.50	895.76	19.99	956.42	0.32	0.49
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	a	Low pCO2	894	800	746	47	208	7.94	0.75	0.12		0.07		18	30.0	25	7.94	7.30	207.28	744.91	47.79	894.66	0.75	1.18
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	b	Mid-High pCO2	1764	1787	1694	27	1869	7.34	0.43	0.03		0.01		18	30.0	25	7.34	65.64	1862.49	1693.86	27.50	1764.10	0.43	0.68
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	b	High pCO2	2357	2430	2288	28	3214	7.23	0.46	0.00		0.00		18	30.0	25	7.24	112.87	3202.78	2287.95	29.18	2358.35	0.46	0.72
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	b	Mid-Low pCO2	1318	1289	1228	32	817	7.56	0.52	0.03		0.02		18	30.0	25	7.56	28.69	814.16	1227.28	33.02	1318.02	0.52	0.82
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	b	Low pCO2	1048	986	934	38	401	7.75	0.61	0.17		0.05		18	30.0	25	7.75	14.08	399.61	933.03	38.89	1047.79	0.61	0.96
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	c	High pCO2	3391	3443	3267	54	3444	7.36	0.87	0.41		0.02		18	30.0	25	7.36	120.95	3431.98	3266.55	55.50	3393.48	0.88	1.37
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	c	Mid-Low pCO2	1925	1857	1763	64	851	7.70	1.02	0.68		0.08		18	30.0	25	7.70	29.89	848.04	1761.78	65.34	1925.70	1.03	1.61
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	c	Mid-High pCO2	2501	2458	2341	66	1441	7.59	1.06	0.60		0.09		18	30.0	25	7.60	50.61	1435.98	2339.36	68.03	2501.97	1.07	1.68
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	c	Low pCO2	1470	1372	1290	67	436	7.85	1.07	0.64		0.08		18	30.0	25	7.86	15.31	434.48	1288.48	68.21	1470.71	1.08	1.69
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	d	Mid-High pCO2	3669	3573	3393	121	1657	7.69	1.94	0.78		0.03		18	30.0	25	7.70	58.19	1651.23	3390.53	124.28	3671.98	1.96	3.07
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	d	High pCO2	4908	4868	4637	123	3060	7.56	1.96	0.89		0.21		18	30.0	25	7.57	107.46	3049.32	4634.79	125.75	4911.17	1.99	3.11
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	d	Mid-Low pCO2	2770	2626	2469	127	837	7.85	2.03	0.73		0.03		18	30.0	25	7.85	29.39	834.09	2466.41	130.19	2772.49	2.06	3.22
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	1	d	Low pCO2	2175	1983	1828	141	414	8.03	2.25	0.97		0.14		18	30.0	25	8.03	14.54	412.56	1824.44	144.02	2177.10	2.27	3.56
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	a	Mid-High pCO2	1364	1374	1303	22	1392	7.35	0.35	0.00		0.00		18	31.4	25	7.35	48.51	1387.15	1303.01	22.48	1364.61	0.35	0.55
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	a	Low pCO2	855	813	773	25	430	7.63	0.39	0.06		0.02		18	31.4	25	7.64	14.99	428.50	772.44	25.57	854.45	0.40	0.63
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	a	Mid-Low pCO2	1131	1099	1047	29	684	7.56	0.46	0.02		0.01		18	31.4	25	7.57	23.84	681.62	1045.70	29.46	1131.18	0.46	0.72
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	a	High pCO2	2308	2358	2229	32	2781	7.28	0.51	0.00		0.00		18	31.4	25	7.29	96.92	2771.30	2228.18	32.90	2308.30	0.52	0.81
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	b	Mid-Low pCO2	1463	1422	1353	41	811	7.60	0.64	0.11	0.09771	0.02	0.00149	18	31.4	25	7.60	28.26	808.18	1352.19	41.55	1464.08	0.65	1.02
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	b	Mid-High pCO2	1975	1966	1872	41	1548	7.46	0.64	0.01	0.09477	0.01	0.00046	18	31.4	25	7.46	53.95	1542.61	1870.40	41.65	1974.97	0.65	1.02
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	b	Low pCO2	1221	1143	1078	50	420	7.79	0.79	0.52	0.10132	0.06	0.00061	18	31.4	25	7.79	14.64	418.54	1077.42	50.94	1222.01	0.80	1.25
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	b	High pCO2	3269	3296	3132	59	3003	7.40	0.93	0.23	0.09796	0.03	0.00105	18	31.4	25	7.40	104.65	2992.52	3131.18	60.17	3269.98	0.95	1.47
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	c	Mid-High pCO2	2843	2796	2661	77	1664	7.58	1.21	0.81	0.10927	0.05	0.00290	18	31.4	25	7.59	57.99	1658.20	2659.66	78.35	2844.04	1.23	1.92
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	c	Mid-Low pCO2	2174	2069	1954	89	775	7.78	1.40	0.78	0.10870	0.09	0.00066	18	31.4	25	7.78	27.01	772.30	1951.43	90.56	2174.55	1.42	2.22
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	c	Low pCO2	1645	1509	1404	91	390	7.94	1.44	0.57	0.10820	0.04	0.00043	18	31.4	25	7.94	13.59	388.64	1402.46	92.95	1645.82	1.46	2.28
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	c	High pCO2	4663	4621	4400	118	2946	7.55	1.86	0.91	0.10938	0.03	0.00106	18	31.4	25	7.56	102.67	2935.72	4397.36	120.97	4665.27	1.90	2.96
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	d	Mid-High pCO2	4166	4013	3792	166	1558	7.76	2.62	1.00	0.11494	0.01	0.00038	18	31.4	25	7.77	54.30	1552.57	3788.89	169.82	4169.23	2.67	4.16
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	d	Mid-Low pCO2	3172	2966	2762	176	781	7.93	2.77	0.92	0.11333	0.06	0.00020	18	31.4	25	7.93	27.22	778.28	2759.14	179.65	3175.02	2.82	4.40
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	d	Low pCO2	2485	2220	2011	196	371	8.11	3.09	0.93	0.11269	0.07	0.00054	18	31.4	25	8.12	12.93	369.71	2006.98	200.09	2487.92	3.14	4.90
laboratory	Mytilus galloprovincialis (mollusk)	140481	marinespecies.org	2	d	High pCO2	6713	6528	6185	245	2813	7.72	3.86	0.95	0.11753	0.02	0.00031	18	31.4	25	7.72	98.03	2803.19	6179.76	250.21	6717.30	3.93	6.13