Citation:

PANGAEA.933326

Name: Discrete nutrient and greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) measurements in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon, Australia
Published: 2021-07-02
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: carbon dioxide; continental shelf; Coral Reef; greenhouse gas; Methane; nitrous oxide

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Abstract:

This dataset provides discrete nutrient, dissolved and greenhouse gas samples collected during ship-based cruises in the southern Great Barrier Reef lagoon, Australia. Here we sampled the greenhouse gases of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) with time matched (georeferenced samples) discrete nutrient measurements (dissolved organic carbon, ammonium, nitrate, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, total nitrogen and phosphate) collected from the lagoon. Nutrient concentrations remained low overall, while the lagoon was oversaturated in CO2 and CH4 despite highly oxygenated waters that are normally unconducive for CH4 production. N2O was also undersaturated in the oligotrophic conditions.

Dissolved greenhouse gases were measured with a Picarro G2201-i Cavity Ring Down Spectrometer for CO2 (200 ppb ±0.05%) and CH4 (5 ppb ± 0.05%) and a Picarro G2308 Cavity Ring Down Spectrometer for N2O concentrations (<3.5 ppb ± 0.008%). Both Cavity Ring Down Spectrometer instruments were connected in a closed loop with twin showerhead exchangers and a gas drying agent (Drierite). The showerhead exchangers received seawater from the vessel cold water intake. Both instruments averaged 300 measurements over a five-minute cycle for each greenhouse gas sample. Salinity and temperature were recorded at the inlet of the seawater intake system with a Seabird SBE 21 (salinity ± 0.005 psu, temperature ± 0.002 °C). Dissolved oxygen was also recorded using a Hydrolab MS5 (dissolved oxygen 0.1 ± 0.02 mg L-1) fitted with an inline flow cell. Discrete nutrient and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) water samples were collected along survey transects using Niskin bottles from a depth of ⁓3 m. Dissolved nutrient samples were collected by filtering sample water through cellulose acetate syringe filters (0.45 µm) into sample rinsed 12 mL polypropylene vials before immediate freezing until laboratory analysis. Nutrient concentrations were determined using a Lachat QuickChem 8500 Flow Injection Analyser [Detection limits were 0.07 μmol ± 0.3% for nitrate (NOx-) and 0.35 μmol ± 5% for ammonium (NH4+)]. DOC samples were collected by filtering sample water through Whatman G/FF syringe filters (0.7 μm) into 40 ml pre-treated (100 μL mercuric chloride) VOC vials before immediate refrigeration until laboratory analysis. DOC concentrations were determined with OI Aurora 1030 W TOC Analyzer.

Keyword(s):

carbon dioxide; continental shelf; Coral Reef; greenhouse gas; Methane; nitrous oxide

Related to:

Reading, Michael J; Maher, Damien T; Santos, Isaac R; Jeffrey, Luke C; Cyronak, Tyler; McMahon, Ashly; Tait, Douglas R (2021): Spatial Distribution of CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O in the Great Barrier Reef Revealed Through High Resolution Sampling and Isotopic Analysis. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(15), https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092534

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -18.938940 * Median Longitude: 147.555760 * South-bound Latitude: -21.318283 * West-bound Longitude: 145.989183 * North-bound Latitude: -17.011845 * East-bound Longitude: 150.109417

Date/Time Start: 2014-01-13T12:22:00 * Date/Time End: 2014-01-25T15:57:00

Minimum DEPTH, water: 2 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 2 m

Event(s):

GBR1 * Latitude: -17.207450 * Longitude: 145.989183 * Date/Time: 2014-01-13T12:22:00 * Elevation: -12.6 m * Location: Great Barrier Reef, Australia * Campaign: * Basis: * Comment: Distance from shore: 2.1 km; Zone: Near_Shore"

GBR2 * Latitude: -17.199567 * Longitude: 146.007017 * Date/Time: 2014-01-13T13:37:00 * Elevation: -15.4 m * Location: Great Barrier Reef, Australia * Campaign: * Basis: * Comment: Distance from shore: 4.3 km; Zone: Near_Shore"

GBR3 * Latitude: -17.193117 * Longitude: 146.042433 * Date/Time: 2014-01-13T14:19:00 * Elevation: -18.3 m * Location: Great Barrier Reef, Australia * Campaign: * Basis: * Comment: Distance from shore: 8.3 km; Zone: Near_Shore"

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event		Reading, Michael J
2	Date/Time of event	Date/Time		Reading, Michael J
3	Latitude of event	Latitude		Reading, Michael J
4	Longitude of event	Longitude		Reading, Michael J
5	Distance	Distance	km	Reading, Michael J		to Mainland
6	Zone	Zone		Reading, Michael J
7	Elevation of event	Elevation	m	Reading, Michael J
8	DEPTH, water	Depth water	m	Reading, Michael J		Geocode
9	Sea surface salinity	SSS		Reading, Michael J	Thermosalinograph (TSG), Sea-Bird, SBE 21 SEACAT
10	Sea surface temperature	SST	°C	Reading, Michael J	Thermosalinograph (TSG), Sea-Bird, SBE 21 SEACAT
11	Oxygen, dissolved	DO	%	Reading, Michael J	Multi-sensor probe MS5 (Hydrolab Quanta)
12	Carbon, organic, dissolved	DOC	µmol/l	Reading, Michael J	TOC analyser, Aurora 1030W
13	Nitrogen oxide	NOx	µmol/l	Reading, Michael J	Lachat QuickChem 8500 flow injection autoanalyser
14	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Reading, Michael J
15	Ammonium	[NH4]+	µmol/l	Reading, Michael J	Lachat QuickChem 8500 flow injection autoanalyser
16	Nitrogen, total dissolved	TDN	µmol/l	Reading, Michael J	Cavity ring down spectrometer, G2201-f, Picarro Inc.
17	Nitrogen, inorganic, dissolved	DIN	µmol/l	Reading, Michael J	Cavity ring down spectrometer, G2201-f, Picarro Inc.
18	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (dry air)	pCO2water_SST_dry	µatm	Reading, Michael J	Cavity ring down spectrometer, G2201-f, Picarro Inc.
19	Methane	CH4	nmol/l	Reading, Michael J	Cavity ring down spectrometer, G2308, Picarro Inc.
20	Methane saturation	Methane sat	%	Reading, Michael J	Cavity ring down spectrometer, G2201-f, Picarro Inc.
21	Nitrous oxide, dissolved	N2O	nmol/l	Reading, Michael J	Cavity ring down spectrometer, G2201-f, Picarro Inc.
22	Nitrous oxide saturation	N2O sat	%	Reading, Michael J	Cavity ring down spectrometer, G2201-f, Picarro Inc.

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

700 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Date/Time	3 Latitude	4 Longitude	5 Distance [km]	6 Zone	7 Elevation [m]	8 Depth water [m]	9 SSS	10 SST [°C]	11 DO [%]	12 DOC [µmol/l]	13 NOx [µmol/l]	14 [PO4]3- [µmol/l]	15 [NH4]+ [µmol/l]	16 TDN [µmol/l]	17 DIN [µmol/l]	18 pCO2water_SST_dry [µatm]	19 CH4 [nmol/l]	20 Methane sat [%]	21 N2O [nmol/l]	22 N2O sat [%]
GBR1	2014-01-13T12:22:00	-17.2075	145.9892	2.1	Near_Shore	-13	2	33.34	28.79	114.8	122.34	2.62	0.12	1.05	13.60	3.67	437.0	2.6	143.4	5.6	95.7
GBR2	2014-01-13T13:37:00	-17.1996	146.0070	4.3	Near_Shore	-15	2	35.39	29.33	111.5	69.56	0.40	0.08	0.60	14.92	1.00	424.2	5.6	309.6	6.7	113.5
GBR3	2014-01-13T14:19:00	-17.1931	146.0424	8.3	Near_Shore	-18	2	35.42	29.20	112.4	66.49	0.42	0.05	0.47	10.02	0.88	439.3	6.3	351.5	5.6	96.5
GBR4	2014-01-13T15:09:00	-17.1715	146.1142	11.7	Mid_Lagoon	-25	2	35.40	29.08	114.1	120.69	0.17	0.05	1.46	8.35	1.63	430.9	4.6	255.7	5.7	97.4
GBR5	2014-01-13T19:43:00	-17.1129	146.3175	11.7	Outer_Reef	-14	2	35.42	28.92	131.0	82.20	0.46	0.06	0.49	15.75	0.95	347.1	5.0	279.8	6.0	101.1
GBR6	2014-01-14T08:42:00	-17.0118	146.2984	37.4	Outer_Reef	-50	2	35.53	28.70	116.0	65.00	0.30	0.02	0.23	9.96	0.53	416.4	4.3	238.7	6.0	101.0
GBR7	2014-01-14T10:19:00	-17.1334	146.2253	29.2	Mid_Lagoon	-38	2	35.44	28.70	117.6	70.95	0.32	0.06	1.40	11.65	1.72	418.0	3.3	184.7	6.0	100.0
GBR8	2014-01-14T11:08:00	-17.1482	146.1634	22.1	Mid_Lagoon	-32	2	35.44	28.73	116.0	66.20	0.04	0.02	0.40	9.12	0.44	416.1	3.1	170.4	5.8	98.6
GBR9	2014-01-16T14:52:00	-17.4456	146.2235	16.6	Mid_Lagoon	0	2	35.51	28.60	117.7	54.87	0.31	0.03	0.31	9.35	0.63	409.6	2.4	131.0	5.8	97.3
GBR11	2014-01-16T15:44:00	-17.4276	146.2802	22.6	Mid_Lagoon	-34	2	35.31	28.32	116.6	69.91	0.40	0.03	0.36	8.70	0.77	408.6	2.2	125.1	5.8	97.3
GBR13	2014-01-16T16:33:00	-17.4088	146.3342	27.6	Outer_Reef	-40	2	35.31	28.29	117.5	58.94	0.43	0.03	0.47	9.75	0.90	393.6	2.2	124.6	6.0	98.8
GBR14	2014-01-17T10:36:00	-17.4890	146.1009	2.7	Near_Shore	-10	2	34.93	28.26	113.6	66.20	0.07	0.06	0.22	8.68	0.29	446.4	3.8	210.8	5.8	96.1
GBR16	2014-01-17T11:29:00	-17.5027	146.0878	1.4	Near_Shore	-5	2	34.77	28.23	114.3	64.73	0.10	0.06	0.49	10.97	0.59	447.1	3.6	202.8	5.8	95.8
GBR18	2014-01-17T12:16:00	-17.4919	146.1238	3.6	Near_Shore	-16	2	35.38	28.34	114.0	65.70	0.38	0.08	1.05	12.62	1.44	455.8	3.2	176.3	5.8	95.9
GBR20	2014-01-18T09:41:00	-17.4783	146.1495	8.0	Near_Shore	-22	2	34.27	28.25	114.7	77.76	0.86	0.07	0.44	12.95	1.30	425.4	3.0	164.8	5.9	96.3
GBR22	2014-01-18T10:17:00	-17.4756	146.1757	9.9	Mid_Lagoon	-24	2	35.64	28.59	115.5	46.71	0.11	0.03	0.20	11.57	0.31	412.7	2.4	130.8	6.4	104.0
GBR23	2014-01-18T10:51:00	-17.4607	146.2002	13.6	Mid_Lagoon	-26	2	35.62	28.53	115.1	64.20	0.09	0.04	0.19	11.55	0.28	424.3	9.3	519.3	5.8	96.6
GBR24	2014-01-18T14:07:00	-17.3350	146.4711	44.7	Outer_Reef	-48	2	35.15	28.58	117.3	50.12	0.11	0.06	0.42	8.52	0.53	390.6	2.1	119.3	6.0	100.5
GBR25	2014-01-19T09:11:00	-17.5106	146.6634	59.2	Outer_Reef	-68	2	35.10	28.44	117.6	55.41	0.16	0.06	0.31	9.26	0.47	380.2	2.2	122.2	6.0	99.5
GBR26	2014-01-19T15:35:00	-18.0959	146.1599	13.7	Mid_Lagoon	-10	2	35.15	29.36	122.1	62.26	0.57	0.04	0.56	9.28	1.13	410.2	2.3	125.7	5.9	99.7
GBR27	2014-01-19T18:47:00	-18.5022	146.3942	6.9	Near_Shore	-16	2	35.99	29.03	120.5	58.19	0.13	0.04	0.36	12.60	0.49	417.3	2.3	126.4	5.8	98.6
GBR28	2014-01-20T15:59:00	-19.6741	147.6671	10.2	Near_Shore	-12	2	36.21	28.73	116.9	64.40	0.12	0.04	0.32	13.82	0.45	437.7	2.7	150.3	5.9	99.4
GBR30	2014-01-20T17:00:00	-19.6588	147.6263	8.6	Near_Shore	-4	2	36.19	28.22	118.7	79.22	0.06	0.10	0.29	13.41	0.35	442.3	8.3	459.9	5.9	98.4
GBR31	2014-01-20T17:34:00	-19.6448	147.6769	11.0	Near_Shore	-15	2	36.05	28.54	117.7	70.35	0.07	0.05	0.55	10.30	0.62	447.9	8.3	459.8	5.9	98.5
GBR33	2014-01-21T07:18:00	-19.6194	147.7253	10.2	Mid_Lagoon	-18	2	35.90	28.27	115.9	67.66	0.16	0.05	0.55	9.65	0.71	414.4	3.7	204.5	5.8	97.1
GBR35	2014-01-21T08:09:00	-19.5806	147.8091	14.3	Mid_Lagoon	-27	2	35.71	28.28	118.7	64.95	0.16	0.03	0.43	7.82	0.59	400.9	3.3	181.4	5.8	97.0
GBR36	2014-01-21T08:56:00	-19.5483	147.8897	19.6	Mid_Lagoon	-32	2	35.51	28.12	116.5	60.03	0.03	0.04	0.11	11.58	0.13	400.3	2.6	143.0	5.8	97.0
GBR37	2014-01-21T09:58:00	-19.5036	148.0058	30.5	Mid_Lagoon	-40	2	35.30	28.14	117.3	62.58	0.50	0.05	0.84	8.85	1.34	394.3	2.5	139.6	5.9	98.2
GBR38	2014-01-21T11:01:00	-19.4525	148.1313	43.7	Outer_Reef	-55	2	35.24	28.23	116.7	69.29	0.30	0.08	0.28	16.17	0.59	394.1	2.5	139.8	6.0	98.9
GBR39	2014-01-21T17:30:00	-19.1441	148.2217	76.7	Outer_Reef	-39	2	35.21	28.48	116.8	58.48	0.75	0.04	0.62	8.64	1.37	394.1	2.2	122.9	6.0	100.6
GBR40	2014-01-22T07:34:00	-19.8289	148.3550	19.4	Mid_Lagoon	-38	2	35.78	28.23	115.2	60.95	0.08	0.05	0.22	14.74	0.31	407.3	2.4	133.4	5.8	96.6
GBR41	2014-01-23T09:28:00	-20.9517	149.0800	2.7	Near_Shore	-5	2	36.08	29.00	116.5	86.77	0.02	0.09	0.33	12.22	0.35	460.6	3.2	180.3	5.7	97.4
GBR42	2014-01-23T10:39:00	-20.9413	149.0970	3.3	Near_Shore	-8	2	36.02	28.97	119.2	82.75	0.11	0.03	0.88	10.45	0.99	444.7	5.9	328.5	5.6	96.5
GBR44	2014-01-23T11:06:00	-20.9318	149.1094	4.1	Near_Shore	-10	2	36.06	28.74	121.6	77.93	1.21	0.36	9.25	19.36	10.46	431.5	5.0	279.9	5.8	97.8
GBR46	2014-01-23T11:47:00	-20.9105	149.1391	7.4	Near_Shore	-14	2	36.00	28.60	123.4	70.39	0.05	0.00	0.31	13.09	0.36	426.8	4.3	240.5	6.4	97.3
GBR47	2014-01-23T15:57:00	-20.8882	149.1693	13.2	Mid_Lagoon	-16	2	35.93	28.55	121.8	63.68	0.04	0.02	0.27	9.24	0.31	412.1	3.3	182.5	5.9	98.5
GBR48	2014-01-23T16:44:00	-20.8377	149.2416	19.1	Mid_Lagoon	-26	2	35.77	28.31	120.1	58.01	0.13	0.05	0.54	7.05	0.68	406.7	2.8	154.4	5.8	98.1
GBR49	2014-01-24T07:11:00	-20.7617	149.3550	35.5	Mid_Lagoon	-31	2	35.73	28.01	115.5	63.03	0.28	0.09	1.10	8.95	1.38	416.5	3.5	192.7	5.9	98.4
GBR50	2014-01-24T08:40:00	-20.6840	149.0800	56.2	Mid_Lagoon	-44	2	35.35	27.94	115.8	64.31	0.08	0.03	0.23	11.52	0.31	406.0	2.4	132.4	5.9	97.8
GBR51	2014-01-24T12:39:00	-20.4896	150.0970	113.8	Outer_Reef	-44	2			117.2	57.40	0.10	0.03	0.66	6.87	0.76	413.1	2.4	133.0	6.1	100.4
GBR52	2014-01-24T15:46:00	-20.7650	150.0970	130.3	Mid_Lagoon	-44	2			117.9	56.71	0.12	0.03	0.34	12.88	0.46	419.2	2.3	130.4	6.2	103.4
GBR53	2014-01-25T10:25:00	-21.3183	150.1094	94.2	Mid_Lagoon	-54	2	35.54	28.13	116.2	59.05	0.15	0.05	0.70	9.50	0.85	407.4	2.4	134.9	6.0	99.5
GBR54	2014-01-25T13:20:00	-21.2433	150.1094	72.2	Mid_Lagoon	-48	2	35.54	28.24	116.1	60.43	0.08	0.05	0.64	8.50	0.73	416.0	2.3	126.8	6.0	100.7
GBR55	2014-01-25T15:57:00	-21.1333	149.1391	54.0	Mid_Lagoon	-37	2	35.57	28.89	117.4	89.43	0.03	0.05	0.35	7.60	0.38	429.6	2.3	126.5	5.9	99.9