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Herzschuh, Ulrike; Böhmer, Thomas; Li, Chenzhi; Cao, Xianyong; Dolman, Andrew M; Postl, Alexander; Heim, Birgit; Wieczorek, Mareike (2023): Description of sampling sites in the NW America region [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.933148

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Keyword(s):
fossil pollen; Neotoma; paleoecology; taxonomically harmonized
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 50.418674 * Median Longitude: -124.453395 * South-bound Latitude: 20.794290 * West-bound Longitude: -162.200000 * North-bound Latitude: 73.533333 * East-bound Longitude: -104.938605
Minimum ELEVATION: m a.s.l. * Maximum ELEVATION: 3740 m a.s.l.
Event(s):
ABALONE (Abalone Rocks Marsh)  * Latitude: 33.956389 * Longitude: -119.976667 * Location: Western North America
ANDYLAKE (Andy Lake)  * Latitude: 64.650000 * Longitude: -128.083333 * Location: North America
ANGAL (Angal Lake)  * Latitude: 67.133333 * Longitude: -153.900000 * Location: North America
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Event labelEventHerzschuh, Ulrike
Reference/sourceReferenceHerzschuh, UlrikeEvent
IdentificationIDHerzschuh, UlrikeSite
IdentificationIDHerzschuh, UlrikeDataset
SiteSiteHerzschuh, Ulrike
LONGITUDELongitudeHerzschuh, UlrikeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeHerzschuh, UlrikeGeocode
ContinentContHerzschuh, Ulrike
ELEVATIONElevationm a.s.l.Herzschuh, UlrikeGeocode
10 TypeTypeHerzschuh, Ulrikeof data
11 Location typeLoc typeHerzschuh, Ulrike
12 Sample amountN#Herzschuh, UlrikePollen samples in core
13 Reference/sourceReferenceHerzschuh, UlrikeAgeModel
14 Age, minimum/youngAge minkaHerzschuh, Ulrike
15 Age, maximum/oldAge maxkaHerzschuh, Ulrike
16 DescriptionDescriptionHerzschuh, UlrikeSite Description from Neotoma
17 Reference/sourceReferenceHerzschuh, UlrikeLiterature source #1
18 Uniform resource locator/link to referenceURL refHerzschuh, UlrikeLiterature source #1
19 Reference/sourceReferenceHerzschuh, UlrikeLiterature source #2
20 Uniform resource locator/link to referenceURL refHerzschuh, UlrikeLiterature source #2
21 Reference/sourceReferenceHerzschuh, UlrikeLiterature source #3
22 Uniform resource locator/link to referenceURL refHerzschuh, UlrikeLiterature source #3
23 Reference/sourceReferenceHerzschuh, UlrikeLiterature source #4
24 Uniform resource locator/link to referenceURL refHerzschuh, UlrikeLiterature source #4
25 Reference/sourceReferenceHerzschuh, UlrikeLiterature source #5
26 Uniform resource locator/link to referenceURL refHerzschuh, UlrikeLiterature source #5
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
5217 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Event

Reference
(Event)

ID
(Site)

ID
(Dataset)

Site

Longitude

Latitude

Cont

Elevation [m a.s.l.]
10 
Type
(of data)
11 
Loc type
12 
N [#]
(Pollen samples in core)
13 
Reference
(AgeModel)
14 
Age min [ka]
15 
Age max [ka]
16 
Description
(Site Description from Neotoma)
17 
Reference
(Literature source #1)
18 
URL ref
(Literature source #1)
19 
Reference
(Literature source #2)
20 
URL ref
(Literature source #2)
21 
Reference
(Literature source #3)
22 
URL ref
(Literature source #3)
23 
Reference
(Literature source #4)
24 
URL ref
(Literature source #4)
25 
Reference
(Literature source #5)
26 
URL ref
(Literature source #5)
ABALONE Neotoma88Abalone Rocks Marsh-119.97666733.956389Western North America0RawPeat32AWI-0.0495.845Small estuarine marsh. Physiography: Santa Rosa Island. Surrounding vegetation: coastal marsh and grassland.Cole, K.L. and Liu, G.W., 1994. Holocene paleoecology of an estuary on Santa Rosa Island, California. Quaternary Research, 41(3), pp.326-335.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1994.1037
ANDYLAKE Neotoma206206Andy Lake-128.08333364.650000Western North America1360RawLake57AWI-0.06613.049Lake dammed by a Mountain River moraine. Physiography: Mackenzie Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: shrub tundra.Szeicz, J.M., MacDonald, G.M. and Duk-Rodkin, A., 1995. Late Quaternary vegetation history of the central Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 113(2-4), pp.351-371.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(95)00070-3
ANGAL Neotoma207208Angal Lake-153.90000067.133333Western North America820RawLake37AWI-0.05117.051Cirque lake. Physiography: mountainous. Surrounding vegetation: Betula shrub tundra.Brubaker, L.B., Garfinkee, H.L. and Edwards, M.E., 1983. A late Wisconsin and Holocene vegetation history from the central Brooks Range: implications for Alaskan palaeoecology. Quaternary Research, 20(2), pp.194-214.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(83)90077-7
ANTELOPE Neotoma209210Antelope Playa-105.45000043.500000Western North America1450RawRiver25AWI-0.05416.494Small playa. Physiography: Powder River Basin. Surrounding vegetation: Artemisia tridentata grassland.Markgraf, V. and Lennon, T., 1986. Paleoenvironmental history of the last 13,000 years of the eastern Powder River Basin, Wyoming, and its implications for prehistoric cultural patterns. Plains Anthropologist, 31(111), pp.1-12.https://doi.org/10.1080/2052546.1986.11909310
BARRETT Neotoma231234Barrett Lake-119.00833337.595833Western North America2816RawLake38AWI-0.06115.366Glacial scour lake. Physiography: Sierra Nevada mountains. Surrounding vegetation: lodgepole/limber pine, mountain hemlock.Anderson, R.S., 1987. Late-Quaternary environments of the Sierra Nevada, California. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Anderson, R.S., 1990. Holocene forest development and paleoclimates within the central Sierra Nevada, California. Journal of Ecology, 78(2), pp.470-489.https://doi.org/10.2307/2261125
BATLGRND Neotoma236239Battle Ground Lake-122.49166745.800000Western North America155RawLake105AWI-0.04024.274Volcanic crater. Physiography: Puget Trough. Surrounding vegetation: second-growth Pseudotsuga/decid forest.Barnosky, C.W., 1983. Late-Quaternary vegetational and climatic history of southwestern Washington. Doctoral dissertation. University of Washington, Seattle, Washingtion, USA.Barnosky, C.W., 1985. Late Quaternary vegetation near Battle Ground Lake, southern Puget Trough, Washington. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 96(2), pp.263-271.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96%3C263:LQVNBG%3E2.0.CO;2Whitlock, C., 1992. Vegetational and climatic history of the Pacific Northwest during the last 20,000 years: implications for understanding present-day biodiversity. Northwest Environmental Journal, 8, pp.5-28.
BEEFPAST Neotoma246250Beef Pasture-108.16037537.473105Western North America3060RawPeat91AWI-0.0246.033Open wet meadow and fen occupying a depression formed by a landslide ~5000 BP in the La Plata Mountains. Local upland vegetation dominated by Picea engelmannii, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Populus tremuloides, and Alnus tenuifolia. Salix brachycarpa lines the edges of the wet meadow.Petersen, K.L., 1988. Climate and the Dolores River Anasazi: a paleoenvironmental reconstruction from a 10,000-year pollen record, La Plata Mountains, Southwestern Colorado. University of Utah, Anthropological Papers 113. University of Utah Pres, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.Petersen, K.L., 1985. Palynology in Montezuma County, southwestern Colorado: the local history of the Pinyon Pine (Pinus edulis). In: Late Quaternary Vegetation and Climates in the American Southwest. Contribution Series 16. ed. by B.F. Jacobs, P.L. Fall, and O.K. Davis (pp.47-62). American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, Dallas, Texas, USA.Petersen, K.L., 1994. A warm and wet Little Climatic Optimum and a cold and dry Little Ice Age in the southern Rocky Mountains, USA. Climatic Change, 26(2), pp.243-269.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01092417
BELLS Neotoma248253Bell's Lake-127.48333365.016667Western North America580RawLake53AWI-0.05712.638Ground moraine depression. Physiography: Mackenzie Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: open Picea muskeg and forest.Szeicz, J.M., MacDonald, G.M. and Duk-Rodkin, A., 1995. Late Quaternary vegetation history of the central Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 113(2-4), pp.351-371.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(95)00070-3
BI74MS11 Neotoma261267Banks Island 74MS11-124.26666771.750000Western North America30RawLake55AWI-0.05012.691Small coastal kettle lake. Physiography: ice-contact sediments, Carpenter Till.Gajewski, K., Mott, R.J., Ritchie, J.C. and Hadden, K., 2000. Holocene vegetation history of Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany, 78(4), pp.430-436.https://doi.org/10.1139/b00-018
BI74MS12 Neotoma262268Banks Island 74MS12-119.83333372.366667Western North America220RawLake33AWI0.25712.259Small upland kettle lake. Physiography: morainal deposits of Jesse Till.Gajewski, K., Mott, R.J., Ritchie, J.C. and Hadden, K., 2000. Holocene vegetation history of Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany, 78(4), pp.430-436.https://doi.org/10.1139/b00-018
BI74MS15 Neotoma263269Banks Island 74MS15-120.21666773.533333Western North America120RawLake62AWI0.07013.085Small lake in depression in Baker Till. Physiography: morainal deposits of Baker Till.Gajewski, K., Mott, R.J., Ritchie, J.C. and Hadden, K., 2000. Holocene vegetation history of Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany, 78(4), pp.430-436.https://doi.org/10.1139/b00-018
BLAKTAIL Neotoma273279Blacktail Pond-110.60071044.956110Western North America2012RawLake56AWI-0.02216.816Blacktail Pond is situated in a remnant late-Pleistocene meltwater channel; surrounding vegetation is Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) parkland, which includes grassland and steppe communities dominated by Artemisia tridentata (big sagebrush), Festuca idahoensis (Idaho fescue), and Ericameria nauseosa (rabbitbrush).Gennett, J.A., 1977. Palynology and paleoecology of sediments from Blacktail Pond, northern Yellowstone Park, Wyoming. Master's thesis. University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.Gennett, J.A. and Baker, R.G., 1986. A late quaternary pollen sequence from blacktail pond, Yellowstone national park, Wyoming, USA. Palynology, 10(1), pp.61-71.https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.1986.9989303
BOONE Neotoma296302Boone Lake-119.43333355.575000Western North America872RawLake72AWI-0.02513.961Glacial montane lake. Physiography: glaciated mountain foothills. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana; Betula glandulosa, Salix.White, J.M. and Mathewes, R.W., 1986. Postglacial vegetation and climatic change in the upper Peace River district, Alberta. Canadian Journal of Botany, 64(10), pp.2305-2318.https://doi.org/10.1139/b86-302White, J.M., Mathewes, R.W. and Mathews, W.H., 1979. Radiocarbon dates from Boone Lake and their relation to the'Ice-free Corridor'in the Peace River District of Alberta, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 16(9), pp.1870-1874.https://doi.org/10.1139/e79-171White, J.M., Mathewes, R.W. and Mathews, W.H., 1985. Late Pleistocene chronology and environment of the \Ice-Free Corridor\ of northwestern Alberta. Quaternary Research, 24(2), pp.173-186.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(85)90004-3
BUCKBEAN Neotoma311318Buckbean Fen-110.26055644.298611Western North America2362RawPeat59AWI-0.05113.895Fen 5 m above Yellowstone Lake. Physiography: within former Yellowstone Lake shorelines. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus contorta forest.Baker, R.G., 1976. Late Quaternary vegetation history of the Yellowstone Lake basin, Wyoming. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 729-E.
CANDELAB Neotoma329336Candelabra Lake-130.65000061.683333Western North America1040RawLake58AWI-0.02811.580Small lake. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana, muskeg.Cwynar, L.C. and Spear, R., 1995. Paleovegetation and paleoclimatic changes in the Yukon at 6 ka BP. Geographie physique et Quaternaire, 49(1), pp.29-35.https://doi.org/10.7202/033027ar
CARPLAKE Neotoma336343Carp Lake-120.88055645.918056Western North America714RawLake88AWI-0.05135.994Volcanic explosion crater. Physiography: hilly, local relief 100 m. Surrounding vegetation: open ponderosa pine forest.Barnosky, C.W., 1983. Late-Quaternary vegetational and climatic history of southwestern Washington. Doctoral dissertation. University of Washington, Seattle, Washingtion, USA.Barnosky, C.W., 1985. Late Quaternary vegetation in the southwestern Columbia basin, Washington. Quaternary Research, 23(1), pp.109-122.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(85)90075-4
CIELBLAN Neotoma370381Lac Ciel Blanc-122.16666759.516667Western North America651RawLake24AWI-0.02713.073NAMacDonald, G.M. and Cwynar, L.C., 1985. A fossil pollen based reconstruction of the late Quaternary history of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia) in the western interior of Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 15(6), pp.1039-1044.https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-168MacDonald, G.M. and Cwynar, L.C., 1991. Post-glacial population growth rates of Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia in western Canada. Journal of Ecology, 79(2), pp.417-429.https://doi.org/10.2307/2260723
CLEARWTR Neotoma481493Clearwater Lake-107.93333350.873611Western North America686RawLake34AWI-0.0537.350Closed depression, kettle lake. Physiography: Alberta high plains, moraine, kame. Surrounding vegetation: grassland lake bordered by Populus.Mott, R.J., 1973. Palynological studies in central Saskatchewan: pollen stratigraphy from lake sediment sequences. Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.Ritchie, J.C., 1976. The late-Quaternary vegetational history of the western interior of Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany, 54(15), pp.1793-1818.https://doi.org/10.1139/b76-194
COPLEY Neotoma494506Copley Lake-107.08309038.872130Western North America3250RawLake60AWI-0.03016.972Montane glacial lake (water 1 m deep). Physiography: flat knoll on mountain slope. Surrounding vegetation: Picea engelmannii - Abies lasiocarpa.Fall, P.L., 1988. Vegetation dynamics in the southern Rocky Mountains: late Pleistocene and Holocene timberline fluctuations. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Fall, P.L., 1997. Timberline fluctuations and late Quaternary paleoclimates in the Southern Rocky Mountains, Colorado. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 109(10), pp.1306-1320.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109%3C1306:TFALQP%3E2.3.CO;2
COPPER Neotoma495507Coppermine Saddleback-115.31666767.833333Western North America43RawLake47AWI-0.0684.173NANichols, H., 1975. Palynological and paleoclimatic study of the late Quaternary displacements of the boreal forest-tundra ecotone in Keewatin and Mackenzie, N.W.T., Canada. Occasional Paper 15. Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
COTTPASS Neotoma501514Cottonwood Pass Pond-106.41084038.828730Western North America3670RawLake33AWI-0.0229.442Alpine pond. Physiography: glaciated mountain pass. Surrounding vegetation: Salix, sedges and grasses.Fall, P.L., 1988. Vegetation dynamics in the southern Rocky Mountains: late Pleistocene and Holocene timberline fluctuations. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Fall, P.L., 1997. Timberline fluctuations and late Quaternary paleoclimates in the Southern Rocky Mountains, Colorado. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 109(10), pp.1306-1320.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109%3C1306:TFALQP%3E2.3.CO;2
CRANELAK Neotoma504517Crane Lake-112.14889536.529860Western North America2590RawLake23AWI-0.02913.995Mature karst doline. Physiography: Kaibab Plateau. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus ponderosa, Pseudotsuga menziesii, with sparse Abies concolor. Picea engelmannii, P, pungens, and Populus tremuloides line the meadow edges.Shafer, D.S., 1989. The timing of late Quaternary monsoon precipitation maxima in the southwest United States. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
CROWFOOT Neotoma512525Crowfoot Lake-116.41666751.650000Western North America1940RawLake47AWI-0.06013.565Lake in glacial valley. Physiography: Mountains, outside Crowfoot Moraine. Surrounding vegetation: Picea engelmanii, Abies lasiocarpa.Osborn, G., Clapperton, C., Davis, P.T., Reasoner, M., Rodbell, D.T., Seltzer, G.O. and Zielinski, G., 1995. Potential glacial evidence for the Younger Dryas event in the cordillera of North and South America. Quaternary Science Reviews, 14(9), pp.823-832.https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(95)00064-XReasoner, M.A., 1996. Late Quaternary alpine and sub-alpine lacustrine records: Canadian and Colorado Rocky Mountains. Doctoral dissertation. University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.Reasoner, M.A., Osborn, G. and Rutter, N.W., 1994. Age of the Crowfoot advance in the Canadian Rocky Mountains: A glacial event coeval with the Younger Dryas oscillation. Geology, 22(5), pp.439-442.https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022%3C0439:AOTCAI%3E2.3.CO;2
CROWSNES Neotoma513527Crowsnest Lake-146.48333368.333333Western North America881RawLake67AWI0.06912.594Morainally dammed lake. Physiography: high mountain valley. Surrounding vegetation: birch shrub tundra.
CUBID Neotoma520534Cub Lake-111.18333344.125000Western North America1840RawLake26AWI-0.06317.402Shallow lake. Physiography: west slope Yellowstone Plateau. Surrounding vegetation: lodgepole pine, Douglas fir.Baker, R.G., 1983. Holocene vegetational history of the western United States. In: Late-Quaternary environments of the United States. Volume 2. the Holocene ed. by Wright Jr, H.E. (pp.109-127). University of Minnesota Press. Minneapolis, USA.Bender, M.M., Bryson, R.A. and Baerreis, D.A., 1971. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates IX. Radiocarbon, 13(2), pp.475-486.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200008584
CYGNET Neotoma528543Cygnet Lake Fen-110.60000044.650000Western North America2530RawPeat32AWI-0.05718.016Fen marginal to glacial scour lake. Physiography: Yellowstone Plateau. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus contorta forest.Whitlock, C., 1993. Postglacial vegetation and climate of Grand Teton and southern Yellowstone National Parks. Ecological Monographs, 63(2), pp.173-198.https://doi.org/10.2307/2937179Whitlock, C. and Bartlein, P.J., 1993. Spatial variations of Holocene climatic change in the Yellowstone region. Quaternary Research, 39(2), pp.231-238.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1026
DAVIS_neotoma Neotoma534550Davis Lake-122.25000046.591667Western North America282RawLake75AWI0.03729.406Lake. Physiography: Puget Sound lowland. Surrounding vegetation: Psuedotsuga with Tsuga and Thuja.Barnosky, C.W., 1981. A record of late Quaternary vegetation from Davis Lake, southern Puget Lowland, Washington. Quaternary Research, 16(2), pp.221-239.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(81)90046-6
DEAD5826 Neotoma655671Toadlena Lake [Dead Man Lake]-108.95277036.237195Western North America2759RawLake66AWI24.49732.816Sandstone depression formed by piping. Physiography: crest of the Chuska Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus ponderosa forest.Bent, A.M., 1960. Pollen analysis of Deadman Lake, Chuska Mountains, New Mexico. Master's thesis. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Wright Jr, H.E., 1964. Origin of the lakes in the Chuska Mountains, northwestern New Mexico. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 75(7), pp.589-598.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1964)75%5B589:OOTLIT%5D2.0.CO;2Wright Jr, H.E., Bent, A.M., Spross Hansen, B. and Maher Jr, L.J., 1973. Present and past vegetation of the Chuska Mountains, northwestern New Mexico. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 84(4), pp.1155-1180.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84%3C1155:PAPVOT%3E2.0.CO;2
DEMAIN Neotoma660678Lac Demain-118.70000062.050000Western North America745RawLake23AWI-0.03314.073Depression in ground moraine. Physiography: ground moraine. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana-Sphagnum muskeg.MacDonald, G.M., 1984. Postglacial plant migration and vegetation development in the western Canadian boreal forest. Doctoral dissertation. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.MacDonald, G.M., 1987. Postglacial vegetation history of the Mackenzie River Basin. Quaternary Research, 28(2), pp.245-262.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90063-9
DINKEY Neotoma673693Dinkey Meadow-119.08333337.000000Western North America1683RawMeadow15AWI-0.0435.661Small clearing along Dinkey Creek. Physiography: Sierra Nevada Mountain Range. Surrounding vegetation: Lodgepole Pine, White Fir, Sugar Pine.Anderson, R.S., 1987. Late-Quaternary environments of the Sierra Nevada, California. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Davis, O.K. and Moratto, M.J., 1988. Evidence for a warm dry early Holocene in the western Sierra Nevada of California: Pollen and plant macrofossil analysis of Dinkey and Exchequer Meadows. Madrono, 35(2), pp.132-149.
DIVIDE Neotoma681701Divide Lake-110.23333343.933333Western North America2628RawLake23AWI-0.04914.591Glacial scour lake. Physiography: Pinyon Peak Highlands. Surrounding vegetation: Picea-Abies-Pinus albicaulis forest.Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1987. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates XXIV. Radiocarbon, 29(3), pp.397-415.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200043794Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1988. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates XXV. Radiocarbon, 30(3), pp.367-383.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200044416Whitlock, C., 1993. Postglacial vegetation and climate of Grand Teton and southern Yellowstone National Parks. Ecological Monographs, 63(2), pp.173-198.https://doi.org/10.2307/2937179Whitlock, C. and Bartlein, P.J., 1993. Spatial variations of Holocene climatic change in the Yellowstone region. Quaternary Research, 39(2), pp.231-238.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1026
DOME Neotoma699719Dome Creek Meadow-107.05083340.024167Western North America3165RawPeat29AWI0.06512.690Sedge meadow. Physiography: Colorado Front Range. Surrounding vegetation: Spruce/Betula/Salix/Ribes/Rosa/.Feiler, E.J., Anderson, R.S. and Koehler, P.A., 1997. Late Quaternary Paleoenvironments of the White River Plateau, Colorado, U.S.A. Arctic and Alpine Research, 29(1), pp.53-62.
EAGLENES Neotoma759778Eaglenest Lake-112.10000057.766667Western North America725RawLake52AWI-0.02714.234Large, flat-bottomed lake. Physiography: Birch Mountain Upland - rolling moraine. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana.Vance, R.E., 1986. Pollen stratigraphy of Eaglenest Lake, northeastern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 23(1), pp.11-20.https://doi.org/10.1139/e86-002
ELDORA Neotoma771790Eldora Fen-105.58000039.936667Western North America2848RawPeat44AWI0.0048.786Drained fen. Physiography: Ute Mountains.
EMERALD_neotoma Neotoma776796Emerald Lake-110.30000044.066667Western North America2634RawLake32AWI0.48814.953Glacial scour lake. Physiography: Pinyon Peak Highlands. Surrounding vegetation: Picea-Abies-Pinus albicaulis forest.Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1987. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates XXIV. Radiocarbon, 29(3), pp.397-415.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200043794Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1988. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates XXV. Radiocarbon, 30(3), pp.367-383.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200044416Whitlock, C., 1993. Postglacial vegetation and climate of Grand Teton and southern Yellowstone National Parks. Ecological Monographs, 63(2), pp.173-198.https://doi.org/10.2307/2937179Whitlock, C. and Bartlein, P.J., 1993. Spatial variations of Holocene climatic change in the Yellowstone region. Quaternary Research, 39(2), pp.231-238.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1026
ESOOKE Neotoma788808East Sooke Fen-123.68166748.351944Western North America155RawPeat93AWI0.18013.681Small fen basin. Physiography: rolling hills and flat plains. Surrounding vegetation: fir, cedar, pine, hemlock, alder.Brown, K.J. and Hebda, R.J., 2002. Origin, development, and dynamics of coastal temperate conifer rainforests of southern Vancouver Island, Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32(2), pp.353-372.https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-197Brown, K.J. and Hebda, R.J., 2003. Coastal rainforest connections disclosed through a Late Quaternary vegetation, climate, and fire history investigation from the Mountain Hemlock Zone on southern Vancouver Island, British Colombia, Canada. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 123(3-4), pp.247-269.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-6667(02)00195-1
ETIVLIK Neotoma790811Etivlik Lake-156.03333368.133333Western North America631RawLake23AWI0.06917.146Morainally dammed lake. Physiography: low rolling hills. Surrounding vegetation: birch shrub tundra.
EXCHEQUE Neotoma794816Exchequer Meadow-119.83333337.000000Western North America2219RawPeat24AWI-0.05315.840Wet meadow. Physiography: Sierra Nevada Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus jeffreyi, Abies magnifica.Davis, O.K. and Moratto, M.J., 1988. Evidence for a warm dry early Holocene in the western Sierra Nevada of California: Pollen and plant macrofossil analysis of Dinkey and Exchequer Meadows. Madrono, 35(2), pp.132-149.
FALLBACK Neotoma796818Fallback Lake-110.43333343.966667Western North America2597RawLake31AWI10.10519.103Glacial scour lake. Physiography: Pinyon Peak Highlands. Surrounding vegetation: Picea-Abies-Pinus albicaulis forest.Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1988. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates XXV. Radiocarbon, 30(3), pp.367-383.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200044416Whitlock, C., 1993. Postglacial vegetation and climate of Grand Teton and southern Yellowstone National Parks. Ecological Monographs, 63(2), pp.173-198.https://doi.org/10.2307/2937179
FIDDLERS Neotoma805829Fiddler's Pond-121.42000056.250000Western North America630RawLake45AWI-0.0327.894Kettle pond. Physiography: glaciated plateau. Surrounding vegetation: Populus, Symphoricarpos; Carex, Rumex.White, J.M. and Mathewes, R.W., 1982. Holocene vegetation and climatic change in the Peace River district, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 19(3), pp.555-570.https://doi.org/10.1139/e82-045
FLOATIL1 Neotoma811835Floating Island Lake-107.46666744.550000Western North America2609RawLake75AWI-0.00910.603Kettle lake with floating sedge mat. Physiography: Bighorn Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: lodgepole pine forest.Burkart, M.R., 1976. Pollen biostratigraphy and late Quaternary vegetation history of the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming. Doctoral dissertation. University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
FOREST1 Neotoma816841Forest Pond 1-109.93888943.471667Western North America2797RawLake27AWI-0.0669.718Kettle pond. Physiography: high plateau in Wind River Range. Surrounding vegetation: clearcut in Pinus contorta.Lynch, E.A., 1995. Origin of a park-forest vegetation mosaic in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Lynch, E.A., 1998. Origin of a park-forest vegetation mosaic in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Ecology, 79(4), pp.1320-1338.https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079%5B1320:OOAPFV%5D2.0.CO;2
FOREST2 Neotoma817843Forest Pond 2-109.95000043.438889Western North America2766RawLake27AWI-0.0659.773Kettle pond. Physiography: high plateau in Wind River Range. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus contorta forest.Lynch, E.A., 1995. Origin of a park-forest vegetation mosaic in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Lynch, E.A., 1998. Origin of a park-forest vegetation mosaic in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Ecology, 79(4), pp.1320-1338.https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079%5B1320:OOAPFV%5D2.0.CO;2
FRYINGPN Neotoma827853Frying Pan Lake-111.66666738.616667Western North America2720RawLake25AWI-0.05410.334Shallow lake behind Pleistocene moraine. Physiography: horst and graben plateau. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus/Pseudotsuga/Cercocarpus/Populus.Shafer, D.S., 1989. The timing of late Quaternary monsoon precipitation maxima in the southwest United States. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
GOLDLKBG Neotoma937966Gold Lake Bog-122.04166743.650000Western North America1465RawPeat24AWI-0.03410.964Sphagnum bog with trees and shrubs. Physiography: Cascade Range. Surrounding vegetation: Pseudotsuga/Tsuga mertensiana/Pinus.Sea, D.S. and Whitlock, C., 1995. Postglacial vegetation and climate of the Cascade Range, central Oregon. Quaternary Research, 43(3), pp.370-381.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1995.1043
HAFICHUK Neotoma9691000Hafichuk Site-105.88388950.320556Western North America740RawLake34AWI11.80513.476Ephemeral prairie pothole pond. Physiography: disintegration moraine.de Vries, B., 1964. An investigation of a late-glacial deposit from the Missouri Coteau in Saskatchewan. Master's thesis. University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.Ritchie, J.C. and Vries, B.D., 1964. Contributions to the Holocene paleoecology of westcentral Canada: a late-glacial deposit from the Missouri Coteau. Canadian Journal of Botany, 42(6), pp.677-692.https://doi.org/10.1139/b64-063
HAIL Neotoma9701001Hail Lake-129.01666760.033333Western North America690RawLake84AWI0.00011.809Small lake. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana, P. glauca, Pinus contorta.Cwynar, L. and Spear, R., 1995. Paleovegetation and paleoclimatic changes in the Yukon at 6 ka BP. Geographie physique et Quaternaire, 49(1), pp.29-35.https://doi.org/10.7202/033027ar
HANGING Neotoma9721003Hanging Lake-138.38333368.383333Western North America500RawLake133AWI-0.06736.782Small lake in broad basin. Physiography: undulating tundra surface. Surrounding vegetation: tussock tundra/wet sedge/heath/fellfield.Cwynar, L.C., 1980. A Late-Quaternary vegetation history from Hanging Lake, northern Yukon. Doctoral dissertation. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.Cwynar, L.C., 1982. A Late-Quaternary Vegetation History from Hanging Lake, Northern Yukon. Ecological Monographs, 52(1), pp.1-24.https://doi.org/10.2307/2937342
HARDING Neotoma9751006Harding Lake-146.90750064.444444Western North AmericaRawLake41AWI0.03724.182Small lake. Physiography: glacial valley bottom.Ager, T.A., 1982. Pollen studies of Quaternary-age sediments in the Tanana Valley (Alaska). In: United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1980 ed. by W. Conrad (pp.64-67). USGS Circular 844.Ager, T.A. and Brubaker, L.B., 1985. Quaternary palynology and vegetational history of Alaska. In: Pollen records of late Quaternary North American sediments ed. by V.M. Bryant, Jr. and R.G. Holloway (pp.353-384). American Association of Stragigraphic Palynologists Foundation, Dallas, Texas, USA.Ager, T.A., 1983. Holocene vegetational history of Alaska. In: Late-Quaternary Environments of the United States. Volume 2. The Holocene ed. by Wright Jr, H.E. (pp.128-141). University of Minnesota Press. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Nakao, K., La Perriere, J. and Ager, T.A., 1980. Climatic changes in interior Alaska. In: Climatic Changes in Interior Alaska ed. by K. Nakao (pp.16-23). Hokkaido Univesity, Department of Geophysics, Sapporo, Japan.
HAYLAKE Neotoma9821013Hay Lake-109.42500034.000000Western North America2780RawLake46AWI0.01948.502Lake on basaltic bedrock. Physiography: White Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus-Pseudotsuga-Abies-Juniperus.Jacobs, B.F., 1983. Past vegetation and climate of the Mogollon Rim Area, Arizona. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Jacobs, B.F., 1985. A middle Wisconsin pollen record from Hay Lake, Arizona. Quaternary Research, 24(1), pp.121-130.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(85)90088-2
HEADWATR Neotoma9921024Headwaters Lake-155.05000067.933333Western North America820RawLake30AWI-0.06913.651Kettle lake. Physiography: mountainous. Surrounding vegetation: birch shrub tundra.Brubaker, L.B., Garfinkee, H.L. and Edwards, M.E., 1983. A late Wisconsin and Holocene vegetation history from the central Brooks Range: implications for Alaskan palaeoecology. Quaternary Research, 20(2), pp.194-214.
HEDRICK Neotoma9971030Hedrick Pond-110.60000043.750000Western North America2073RawLake75AWI-0.05920.882Kettle lake. Physiography: stagnation moraine, Hedrick Pond Advance. Surrounding vegetation: open forest, Pinus contorta, Pseudotsuga.Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1988. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates XXV. Radiocarbon, 30(3), pp.367-383.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200044416Whitlock, C., 1993. Postglacial vegetation and climate of Grand Teton and southern Yellowstone National Parks. Ecological Monographs, 63(2), pp.173-198.https://doi.org/10.2307/2937179Whitlock, C. and Bartlein, P.J., 1993. Spatial variations of Holocene climatic change in the Yellowstone region. Quaternary Research, 39(2), pp.231-238.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1026
HIDDEN Neotoma10711104Hidden Lake-144.65833363.940000Western North AmericaRawLake33AWI-0.01919.377Morainally dammed glacial scour lake. Physiography: Kenai mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Picea/Tsuga/Betula/Populus/Alnus/Salix.Ager, T.A., 1983. Holocene vegetational history of Alaska. In: Late-Quaternary Environments of the United States. Volume 2. The Holocene ed. by Wright Jr, H.E. (pp.128-141). University of Minnesota Press. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Ager, T.A. and Sims, J.D., 1984. Postglacial pollen and tephra records from lakes in the Cook Inlet region, southern Alaska. In: The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments During 1981 ed. by W.L. Conrad and R.L. Elliot (pp.103-105). U.S. Geological Survey Circular 868.Ager, T.A. and Brubaker, L.B., 1985. Quaternary palynology and vegetational history of Alaska. In: Pollen records of late Quaternary North American sediments ed. by V.M. Bryant, Jr. and R.G. Holloway (pp.353-384). American Association of Stragigraphic Palynologists Foundation, Dallas, Texas, USA.Rymer, M.J. and Sims, J.D., 1982. Lake-sediment evidence for the date of deglaciation of the Hidden Lake area, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Geology, 10(6), pp.314-316.https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1982)10%3C314:LEFTDO%3E2.0.CO;2
HONEYMOO Neotoma10741107Honeymoon Pond-138.40000064.633333Western North America1160RawLake71AWI-0.02510.791Just inside terminal moraines. Physiography: Southern Ogilvie Ranges. Surrounding vegetation: shrub tundra, isolated Picea groves.Cwynar, L.C. and Spear, R.W., 1991. Reversion of forest to tundra in the central Yukon. Ecology, 72(1), pp.202-212.https://doi.org/10.2307/1938915
INDIANPF Neotoma11141148Indian Prairie Fen-122.57500044.633333Western North America988RawPeat50AWI0.33015.822Fen in cirque valley. Physiography: Cascade Range. Surrounding vegetation: 2nd growth Pseudotsuga and Abies procera.Sea, D.S. and Whitlock, C., 1995. Postglacial vegetation and climate of the Cascade Range, central Oregon. Quaternary Research, 43(3), pp.370-381.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1995.1043
IRONBOG Neotoma11181152Keystone Iron Fen-107.03333338.865000Western North America2920RawPeat31AWI0.0249.258Iron oxide acid fen. Physiography: small basin behind moraine along creek. Surrounding vegetation: Carex, Sphagnum, Eriophorum, Betula glandulosa.Fall, P.L., 1988. Vegetation dynamics in the southern Rocky Mountains: late Pleistocene and Holocene timberline fluctuations. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Fall, P.L., 1985. Holocene dynamics of the subalpine forest in central Colorado. American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Contribution Series, 16, pp.31-46.Fall, P., 1997. Fire history and composition of the subalpine forest of western Colorado during the Holocene. Journal of Biogeography, 24(3), pp.309-325.https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.1997.00094.x
JACOB Neotoma11271162Jacob Lake-110.83333334.333333Western North America2285RawLake20AWI-0.02224.587Ephemeral lake/sinkhole in sandstone. Physiography: Mogollon Rim. Surrounding vegetation: ponderosa pine forest.Jacobs, B.F., 1983. Past vegetation and climate of the Mogollon Rim Area, Arizona. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
JOELAKE Neotoma13551390Joe Lake-157.21666766.766667Western North America183RawLake87AWI-0.04950.044Lake in glacial outwash. Physiography: rolling uplands. Surrounding vegetation: birch-alder shrub tundra.Anderson, P.M., 1988. Late Quaternary pollen records from the Kobuk and Noatak River drainages, northwestern Alaska. Quaternary Research, 29(3), pp.263-276.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(88)90035-X
KAIYAK Neotoma13961432Kaiyak Lake-161.41666768.150000Western North America190RawLake53AWI-0.06543.302Lake in glacial drift. Physiography: river terrace in broad mountain valley. Surrounding vegetation: birch-alder shrub tundra.Anderson, P.M., 1985. Late Quaternary vegetational change in the Kotzebue Sound area, northwestern Alaska. Quaternary Research, 24(3), pp.307-321.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(85)90053-5
KEELE Neotoma14081445Keele Lake-127.61666764.166667Western North America1150RawLake51AWI-0.04913.757Lake dammed by Mountain River moraine. Physiography: Mackenzie Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: tundra/scattered Picea glauca.Szeicz, J.M., MacDonald, G.M. and Duk-Rodkin, A., 1995. Late Quaternary vegetation history of the central Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 113(2-4), pp.351-371.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(95)00070-3
KIRK Neotoma14851523Kirk Lake-121.61666748.233333Western North America190RawLake84AWI-0.02214.031Small lake. Physiography: North Cascade range mountains.Cwynar, L.C., 1987. Fire and the forest history of the North Cascade Range. Ecology, 68(4), pp.791-802.https://doi.org/10.2307/1938350
KOLLIOKS Neotoma15031541Kollioksak-156.45000066.966667Western North America213RawLake47AWI1.66217.332Morainally dammed lake. Physiography: mountain valley. Surrounding vegetation: birch shrub tundra/spruce forest.
LATPOND Neotoma15711617Lateral Pond-135.51416765.942222Western North America470RawLake105AWI-0.02620.474Lake between lateral moraine ridges. Physiography: valley moraine in Richardson Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: black Spruce, Sphagnum.Ritchie, J.C., 1982. The modern and late-Quaternary vegetation of the Doll Creek area, north Yukon, Canada. New Phytologist, 90(3), pp.563-603.Ritchie, J.C. and Cwynar, L.C., 1982. The Late Quaternary Vegetation of the North Yukon. In: Paleoecology of Beringia ed. by D.M. Hopkins, J.V. Matthews, Jr., C.E. Schweger, and S.B. Young (pp.113-126). Academic Press, New York, USA.
LILYAK Neotoma15851632Lily Lake-135.40000059.200000Western North America230RawLake62AWI-0.01212.560Headwaters lake between two low hills. Physiography: Chilkat Peninsula. Surrounding vegetation: Picea sitchensis, Tsuga heterophylla.Cwynar, L.C., 1990. A late quaternary vegetation history from Lily Lake, Chilkat Peninsula, southeast Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany, 68(5), pp.1106-1112.https://doi.org/10.1139/b90-139
LILYLK Neotoma15871635Lily Lake-110.31666743.766667Western North America2469RawLake31AWI-0.0539.224Kettle Lake with marginal fen. Physiography: stagnation moraine. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus contorta, P. albicaulis, Pic, Abi.Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1988. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates XXV. Radiocarbon, 30(3), pp.367-383.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200044416Whitlock, C., 1993. Postglacial vegetation and climate of Grand Teton and southern Yellowstone National Parks. Ecological Monographs, 63(2), pp.173-198.https://doi.org/10.2307/2937179Whitlock, C. and Bartlein, P.J., 1993. Spatial variations of Holocene climatic change in the Yellowstone region. Quaternary Research, 39(2), pp.231-238.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1026
LILYLKFN Neotoma15881637Lily Lake Fen-110.31666743.766667Western North America2469RawPeat31AWI7.21715.152Marginal fen along a kettle lake. Physiography: stagnation moraine. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus contorta, P. albicaulis, Pic, Abi.Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1987. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates XXIV. Radiocarbon, 29(3), pp.397-415.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200043794
LITTLEOR Neotoma15921642Little Lake-123.58397544.166580Western North America217RawLake66AWI0.21144.363Fen margin on landslide dammed lake. Physiography: Coast Range. Surrounding vegetation: second growth Pseudotsuga forest.Worona, M.A. and Whitlock, C., 1995. Late quaternary vegetation and climate history near Little Lake, central Coast Range, Oregon. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 107(7), pp.867-876.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1995)107%3C0867:LQVACH%3E2.3.CO;2
LOFTY Neotoma16051656Lofty Lake-112.48083354.725278Western North America620RawLake62AWI-0.01613.437Kettle lake. Physiography: gently rolling moraine. Surrounding vegetation: Populus, Betula, Picea, Pinus.Lichti-Federovich, S., 1970. The pollen stratigraphy of a dated section of Late Pleistocene lake sediment from central Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 7(3), pp.938-945.https://doi.org/10.1139/e70-089
LONEFOX Neotoma16061657Lone Fox Lake-119.71666756.716667Western North America1100RawLake37AWI-0.03012.259Lake in ground morainal depression. Physiography: ground moraine in Clear Hills. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana, P. glauca, Pinus contorta.MacDonald, G.M., 1984. Postglacial plant migration and vegetation development in the western Canadian boreal forest. Doctoral dissertation. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.MacDonald, G.M., 1987. Postglacial development of the subalpine-boreal transition forest of western Canada. Journal of Ecology, 75, pp.303-320.https://doi.org/10.2307/2260420MacDonald, G.M. and Cwynar, L.C., 1985. A fossil pollen based reconstruction of the late Quaternary history of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia) in the western interior of Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 15(6), pp.1039-1044.https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-168MacDonald, G.M. and Cwynar, L.C., 1991. Post-glacial population growth rates of Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia in western Canada. The Journal of Ecology, 79(2), pp.417-429.https://doi.org/10.2307/2260723
LOSTLKMT Neotoma16141666Lost Lake-110.48434047.635160Western North America1019RawLake43AWI-0.02510.579Lake in abandoned river channel. Physiography: base of Highwood Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: short-grass prairie.Barnosky, C.W., 1989. Postglacial vegetation and climate in the northwestern Great Plains of Montana. Quaternary Research, 31(1), pp.57-73.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(89)90085-9
LOUISEPD Neotoma16181670Louise Pond-131.76434552.946430Western North America650RawLake49AWI0.01211.992Glacial scour lake. Physiography: Queen Charlotte Ranges, Louise Island. Surrounding vegetation: Tsuga mertensiana, Pinus contorta.Pellatt, M.G. and Mathewes, R.W., 1994. Paleoecology of postglacial tree line fluctuations on the Queen Charlotte Islands, Canada. Ecoscience, 1(1), pp.71-81.https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.1994.11682230Pellatt, M.G. and Mathewes, R.W., 1997. Holocene tree line and climate change on the Queen Charlotte Islands, Canada. Quaternary Research, 48(1), pp.88-99.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1997.1903
MARIA Neotoma16481704M Lake-133.46666768.266667Western North America105RawLake71AWI-0.03014.351Small deep lake in bedrock basin. Physiography: Campbell-Dolomite Uplands.Ritchie, J.C., 1984. Past and present vegetation of the far northwest of Canada. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.Ritchie, J.C., 1977. The modern and late Quaternary vegetation of the Campbell-Dolomite uplands, near Inuvik, NWT, Canada. Ecological Monographs, 47(4), pp.401-423.https://doi.org/10.2307/1942175
MARION Neotoma16491705Marion Lake-122.54722249.308333Western North America305RawLake116AWI-0.01014.668Lake in valley depression. Physiography: hilly and mountainous. Surrounding vegetation: western hemlock forest.Mathewes, R.W., 1973. A palynological study of postglacial vegetation changes in the University Research Forest, southwestern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Botany, 51(11), pp.2085-2103.https://doi.org/10.1139/b73-271Mathewes, R.W. and Heusser, L.E., 1981. A 12 000 year palynological record of temperature and precipitation trends in southwestern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Botany, 59(5), pp.707-710.https://doi.org/10.1139/b81-100
MARIPOSA Neotoma16511707Mariposa Lake-110.23333344.150000Western North America2730RawLake34AWI-0.06215.245Glacial scour lake. Physiography: Pinyon Peak Highlands. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus contorta forest in old burns.Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1987. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates XXIV. Radiocarbon, 29(3), pp.397-415.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200043794Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1988. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates XXV. Radiocarbon, 30(3), pp.367-383.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200044416Whitlock, C., 1993. Postglacial vegetation and climate of Grand Teton and southern Yellowstone National Parks. Ecological Monographs, 63(2), pp.173-198.https://doi.org/10.2307/2937179Whitlock, C. and Bartlein, P.J., 1993. Spatial variations of Holocene climatic change in the Yellowstone region. Quaternary Research, 39(2), pp.231-238.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1026
MCMASTER Neotoma16681724McMaster Lake-110.58333364.133333Western North America480RawLake27AWI-0.0547.350Glacial lake. Physiography: Canadian shield, rolling terrain. Surrounding vegetation: Alnus crispa, Betula glandulosa tundra.MacDonald, G.M., Edwards, T.W., Moser, K.A., Pienitz, R. and Smol, J.P., 1993. Rapid response of treeline vegetation and lakes to past climate warming. Nature, 361(6409), pp.243-246.https://doi.org/10.1038/361243a0Moser, K.A. and MacDonald, G.M., 1990. Holocene vegetation change at treeline north of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada. Quaternary Research, 34(2), pp.227-239.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(90)90033-H
MELEZE Neotoma16771733Lac Meleze-126.11666765.216667Western North America650RawLake47AWI-0.03213.206Small lake, origin uncertain. Physiography: Franklin Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana-Sphagnum muskeg/Larix.MacDonald, G.M., 1987. Postglacial vegetation history of the Mackenzie River Basin. Quaternary Research, 28(2), pp.245-262.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90063-9
MINAKOKO Neotoma16991755Minakokosa Lake-155.03333366.916667Western North America122RawLake55AWI0.45522.383Morainally dammed lake. Physiography: valley bordered by mountains. Surrounding vegetation: spruce forest-shrub tundra.
MOLASBOG Neotoma17061762Molas Pass Bog-107.69750037.737778Western North America3220RawPeat29AWI0.07010.859Linear depression of limestone bedrock. Physiography: Animas Valley, San Juan Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Picea, Abies, and grassland.Maher Jr, L.J., 1961. Pollen analysis and postglacial vegetation history in the Animas Valley Region, Southern San Juan Mountains, Colorado. Doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Bender, M.M., Bryson, R.A. and Baerreis, D.A., 1970. University of Wisconsin radiocarbon dates VII. Radiocarbon, 12(1), pp.335-345.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200036377Hubbs, C.L., Bien, G.S. and Suess, H.E., 1963. La Jolla Natural Radiocarbon Measurements III. Radiocarbon, 5, pp.254-272.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200036882Maher Jr, L.J., 1963. Pollen analyses of surface materials from the southern San Juan Mountains, Colorado. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 74(12), pp.1485-1503.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1963)74%5B1485:PAOSMF%5D2.0.CO;2Maher Jr, L.J., 1972. Nomograms for computing 0.95 confidence limits of pollen data. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 13(2), pp.85-93.https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-6667(72)90038-3
MONTEZUM Neotoma17101766Montezuma Well-111.75225034.649200Western North America1081RawLake70Neotoma_SKOPE-0.03512.838Thermal spring sinkhole, 16 m deep. Surrounding vegetation: desert scrub/semidesert grassland.Shafer, D.S., 1989. The timing of late Quaternary monsoon precipitation maxima in the southwest United States. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Davis, O.K. and Shafer, D.S., 1992. A Holocene climatic record for the Sonoran Desert from pollen analysis of Montezuma Well, Arizona, USA. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 92(1-2), pp.107-119.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(92)90137-T
MOSQUIT3 Neotoma17151772Mosquito Lake Bog-122.11777848.769167Western North America198RawPeat59AWI2.38717.159Sphagnum bog. Physiography: Puget Sound Lowland. Surrounding vegetation: western hemlock-douglas fir.Steventon, R.L. and Kutzbach, J.E., 1986. University of Wisconsin Radiocarbon Dates XXIII. Radiocarbon, 28(3), pp.1206-1223.https://doi.org/10.1017/S003382220002021XHansen, B.S. and Easterbrook, D.J., 1974. Stratigraphy and palynology of late Quaternary sediments in the Puget Lowland, Washington. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 85(4), pp.587-602.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1974)85%3C587:SAPOLQ%3E2.0.CO;2
MUNDAY Neotoma17231780Munday Creek-141.96666760.033333Western North America88RawPeat111AWI-0.02711.052Muskeg. Physiography: Coastal mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Picea, Tsuga het, Tsuga mer, Alnus.Peteet, D.M., 1986. Modern pollen rain and vegetational history of the Malaspina Glacier District, Alaska. Quaternary Research, 25(1), pp.100-120.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(86)90047-5
MUSKOX_neotoma Neotoma17261783Muskox Lake-122.66666771.783333Western North America305RawLake18AWI-0.06116.078Depression in morainal deposits. Physiography: morainal deposits of Kellett till.Gajewski, K., Mott, R.J., Ritchie, J.C. and Hadden, K., 2000. Holocene vegetation history of Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany, 78(4), pp.430-436.https://doi.org/10.1139/b00-018
NATLA_neotoma Neotoma17311788Natla Bog-128.80000063.016667Western North America1380RawPeat22AWI-0.06410.104Bog dissected by Natla River. Physiography: intermontane basin. Surrounding vegetation: Betula, Cladonia, Carex, Sphagnum.MacDonald, G.M., 1983. Holocene vegetation history of the upper Natla River area, Northwest Territories, Canada. Arctic and Alpine Research, 15(2), pp.169-180.https://doi.org/10.2307/1550919
NILIQ Neotoma17481806Niliq Lake-160.43333367.866667Western North America274RawLake42AWI1.38517.029Lake of unknown origin, glac. topography. Physiography: low rolling hills. Surrounding vegetation: birch-alder shrub tundra.Anderson, P.M., 1988. Late Quaternary pollen records from the Kobuk and Noatak River drainages, northwestern Alaska. Quaternary Research, 29(3), pp.263-276.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(88)90035-X
PARK1 Neotoma17921852Park Pond 1-109.95944443.468056Western North America2705RawLake23AWI0.1515.173Kettle pond. Physiography: high plateau in Wind River Range. Surrounding vegetation: Artemisia grassland (Fish Creek Park).Lynch, E.A., 1995. Origin of a park-forest vegetation mosaic in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Lynch, E.A., 1998. Origin of a park-forest vegetation mosaic in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Ecology, 79(4), pp.1320-1338.https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079%5B1320:OOAPFV%5D2.0.CO;2
PARK2 Neotoma17931854Park Pond 2-109.94083343.450000Western North America2714RawLake30AWI-0.05612.075Kettle pond. Physiography: high plateau in Wind River Range. Surrounding vegetation: Artemisia grassland (Fish Creek Park).Lynch, E.A., 1995. Origin of a park-forest vegetation mosaic in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Lynch, E.A., 1998. Origin of a park-forest vegetation mosaic in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Ecology, 79(4), pp.1320-1338.https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079%5B1320:OOAPFV%5D2.0.CO;2
PARK3 Neotoma17941856Park Pond 3-109.92000043.459167Western North America2739RawLake36AWI0.39212.328Kettle pond. Physiography: high plateau in Wind River Range. Surrounding vegetation: Artemisia grassland (Fish Creek Park).Lynch, E.A., 1995. Origin of a park-forest vegetation mosaic in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Lynch, E.A., 1998. Origin of a park-forest vegetation mosaic in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Ecology, 79(4), pp.1320-1338.https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079%5B1320:OOAPFV%5D2.0.CO;2
PEDPOND Neotoma18181882Ped Pond-142.06666767.200000Western North America211RawLake32AWI-0.06414.819Ancient flood channel. Physiography: river terraces. Surrounding vegetation: spruce forest.Edwards, M.E. and Brubaker, L.B., 1986. Late quaternary vegetation history of the Fishhook Bend area, Porcupine River, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 23(11), pp.1765-1773.https://doi.org/10.1139/e86-162
PIXIE Neotoma18421906Pixie Lake-124.19666748.596389Western North America70RawLake108AWI0.01916.008Kettle lake. Physiography: San Juan River floodplain. Surrounding vegetation: hemlock, cedar, fir.Brown, K.J. and Hebda, R.J., 2002. Origin, development, and dynamics of coastal temperate conifer rainforests of southern Vancouver Island, Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32(2), pp.353-372.https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-197Brown, K.J. and Hebda, R.J., 2003. Coastal rainforest connections disclosed through a Late Quaternary vegetation, climate, and fire history investigation from the Mountain Hemlock Zone on southern Vancouver Island, British Colombia, Canada. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 123(3-4), pp.247-269.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-6667(02)00195-1
PORPHYRY Neotoma18991964Porphyry Lake-123.83333348.905556Western North America1100RawLake59AWI0.27115.699Physiography: Nanaimo Lakes and Highlands region. Surrounding vegetation: shore bog, forests of hemlock and fir.Brown, K.J. and Hebda, R.J., 2002. Origin, development, and dynamics of coastal temperate conifer rainforests of southern Vancouver Island, Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32(2), pp.353-372.https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-197Brown, K.J. and Hebda, R.J., 2003. Coastal rainforest connections disclosed through a Late Quaternary vegetation, climate, and fire history investigation from the Mountain Hemlock Zone on southern Vancouver Island, British Colombia, Canada. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 123(3-4), pp.247-269.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-6667(02)00195-1
POSYLAKE Neotoma19051970Posy Lake-111.69603537.937460Western North America2653RawLake26AWI-0.0329.109Small lake on glacial deposits. Physiography: Aquarius plateau. Surrounding vegetation: transition zone between lower elevation pinyon-juniper forest and higher elevation Pinus ponderosa, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Populus tremuloides, and occasional Pinus edulis occur around the lake.Shafer, D.S., 1989. The timing of late Quaternary monsoon precipitation maxima in the southwest United States. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
PUYUK Neotoma19201987Puyuk Lake-162.20000063.500000Western North America15RawLake38AWI0.03319.310Maar crater on volcanic island. Physiography: subdued rounded hills and volcanic cones. Surrounding vegetation: mesic low-shrub tundra.Ager, T.A., 1980. A 16,000 year pollen record from St. Michael Island, Norton Sound, western Alaska. In: American Quaternary Association, Sixth Biennial Meeting, Abstracts and Program, 18-20 August 1980 (p.3). Institute for Quaternary Studies, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA.Ager, T.A., 1982. Vegetational history of western Alaska during the Wisconsin glacial interval and the Holocene. In: Paleoecology of Beringia ed. by D.M. Hopkins, J.V. Matthews, Jr., C.E. Schweger, and S.B. Young (pp. 75-93). Paleoecology of Beringia. Academic Press, New York, New York, USA.Ager, T.A. and Bradbury, J.P., 1982. Quaternary history of vegetation and climate of the Yukon Delta-Norton Sound Area. In W.L. Conrad, editor. In: The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1981. U.S. ed. by W.L. Conrad (pp.103-105). Geological Survey Circular 868.Ager, T.A. and Brubaker, L.B., 1985. Quaternary palynology and vegetational history of Alaska. In: Pollen records of late-Quaternary North American sediments ed. by V.M. Bryant, Jr. and R.G. Holloway (pp.353-384). American Association of Stragigraphic Palynologists Foundation, Dallas, Texas, USA.
QUEENS Neotoma19372004Queens Lake-110.56666764.116667Western North America480RawLake33AWI-0.0608.428Glacial lake. Physiography: Canadian shield, rolling terrain. Surrounding vegetation: Alnus crispa, Betula glandulosa tundra.MacDonald, G.M., Edwards, T.W., Moser, K.A., Pienitz, R. and Smol, J.P., 1993. Rapid response of treeline vegetation and lakes to past climate warming. Nature, 361(6409), pp.243-246.https://doi.org/10.1038/361243a0Moser, K.A. and MacDonald, G.M., 1990. Holocene vegetation change at treeline north of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada. Quaternary Research, 34(2), pp.227-239.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(90)90033-H
RALAKE Neotoma19532022Ra Lake-126.41666765.233333Western North America330RawLake13AWI-0.03413.048Lake in Mackenzie River valley. Physiography: Franklin Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Populus, Betula, Picea.MacDonald, G.M., 1984. Postglacial plant migration and vegetation development in the western Canadian boreal forest. Doctoral dissertation. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
RANGER Neotoma19552025Ranger Lake-153.65000067.147222Western North America820RawLake60AWI-0.06929.992Cirque lake. Physiography: mountainous. Surrounding vegetation: birch shrub tundra.Brubaker, L.B., Garfinkee, H.L. and Edwards, M.E., 1983. A late Wisconsin and Holocene vegetation history from the central Brooks Range: implications for Alaskan palaeoecology. Quaternary Research, 20(2), pp.194-214.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(83)90077-7
RAPID Neotoma19562026Rapid Lake-109.19388942.728889Western North America3134RawLake46AWI-0.06517.411Subalpine lake w/ inlet and outlet streams. Physiography: glaciated mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus albicaulis, Salix, sedges, grasses.Fall, P.L., 1988. Vegetation dynamics in the southern Rocky Mountains: late Pleistocene and Holocene timberline fluctuations. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Fall, P.L., Davis, P.T. and Zielinski, G.A., 1995. Late quaternary vegetation and climate of the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Quaternary Research, 43(3), pp.393-404.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1995.1045Zielinski, G.A. and Thompson Davis, P., 1987. Late Pleistocene age of the type Temple Lake moraine, Wind River Range, Wyoming, USA. Geographie physique et Quaternaire, 41(3), pp.397-401.https://doi.org/10.7202/032695ar
REBEL Neotoma19732045Rebel Lake-149.80000067.416667Western North America914RawLake45AWI-0.06716.812Kettle lake. Physiography: mountainous. Surrounding vegetation: birch-heath tundra.Ager, T.A. and Brubaker, L.B., 1985. Quaternary palynology and vegetational history of Alaska. In: Pollen records of late-Quaternary North American sediments ed. by V.M. Bryant, Jr. and R.G. Holloway (pp.353-384). American Association of Stragigraphic Palynologists Foundation, Dallas, Texas, USA.Edwards, M.E., Anderson, P.M., Garfinkel, H.L. and Brubaker, L.B., 1985. Late Wisconsin and Holocene vegetational history of the upper Koyukuk region, Brooks Range, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany, 63(3), pp.616-626.https://doi.org/10.1139/b85-077
REDONDO Neotoma19742047Redondo Lake-155.03333367.683333Western North America460RawLake25AWI-0.0646.723Kettle lake. Physiography: mountain valley. Surrounding vegetation: birch tundra, alder thickets, spruce.Brubaker, L.B., Garfinkee, H.L. and Edwards, M.E., 1983. A late Wisconsin and Holocene vegetation history from the central Brooks Range: implications for Alaskan palaeoecology. Quaternary Research, 20(2), pp.194-214.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(83)90077-7
REDROCK Neotoma19762049Redrock Lake-105.54166740.083333Western North America3095RawLake41AWI-0.01211.554Depression in moraine (Mid Pindale age). Physiography: low morainic ridges in Front Range. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus, Populus, Juniperus, Ericaceae.Maher Jr, L.J., 1973. Pollen evidence suggests that climatic changes in the Colorado Rockies during the last 5000 years were out of phase with those in the northeastern United States. In: Abstracts, Ninth Congress International Union for Quaternary Research, 2-10 December 1973, Christchurch, New Zealand (pp. 227-228).Maher Jr, L.J., 1972. Absolute pollen diagram of Redrock Lake, Boulder County, Colorado. Quaternary Research, 2(4), pp.531-553.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(72)90090-7
REDSTONE Neotoma19772050Redstone Lake-152.60000067.250000Western North America914RawLake50AWI-0.06416.248Cirque lake. Physiography: mountanous. Surrounding vegetation: birch shrub tundra.Edwards, M.E., Anderson, P.M., Garfinkel, H.L. and Brubaker, L.B., 1985. Late Wisconsin and Holocene vegetational history of the upper Koyukuk region, Brooks Range, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany, 63(3), pp.616-626.https://doi.org/10.1139/b85-077
REINDEER Neotoma19802054Reindeer Lake-132.16666769.116667Western North AmericaRawLake29AWI-0.05218.693Lake of glacial origin. Surrounding vegetation: dwarf Betula, Ericaceae, Salix, Alnus.Spear, R.W., 1993. The palynological record of Late-Quaternary arctic tree-line in northwest Canada. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 79(1-2), pp.99-111.https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-6667(93)90040-2
RUPPERT Neotoma22322311Ruppert Lake-154.23333367.066667Western North America210RawLake55AWI0.56615.533Kettle lake on terminal moraine. Physiography: base of mountains. Surrounding vegetation: black spruce forest.Brubaker, L.B., Garfinkee, H.L. and Edwards, M.E., 1983. A late Wisconsin and Holocene vegetation history from the central Brooks Range: implications for Alaskan palaeoecology. Quaternary Research, 20(2), pp.194-214.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(83)90077-7
SAKANA Neotoma22452324Sakana Lake-147.85000067.433333Western North America640RawLake20AWI0.19915.559Kettle lake. Physiography: mountainous. Surrounding vegetation: open black spruce forest.
SANJOAQ Neotoma22582338San Joaquin Marsh-117.85833333.658333Western North America2RawPeat47AWI-0.0558.073Salt marsh. Physiography: coastal. Surrounding vegetation: salt marsh, urban.Davis, O.K., 1992. Rapid climatic change in coastal southern California inferred from pollen analysis of San Joaquin Marsh. Quaternary Research, 37(1), pp.89-100.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(92)90008-7
SAPAUG Neotoma22602340San Agustin Plains-108.25000033.866667Western North America2069RawLake16AWI18.53626.304Playa lake. Physiography: Datil-Mogollon volcanic plateau. Surrounding vegetation: pinyon-juniper woodland.Markgraf, V., Bradbury, J.P., Forester, R.M., Singh, G. and Sternberg, R.S., 1984. San Agustin Plains, New Mexico: age and paleoenvironmental potential reassessed. Quaternary Research, 22(3), pp.336-343.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(84)90027-9
SC1POND Neotoma22682348SC1 Pond-131.90666754.416667Western North America550RawLake19AWI0.0428.005Small subalpine lake. Physiography: San Christoval Range, Moresby Island. Surrounding vegetation: Ts mert, Chamae noot, Pinus contorta.Pellatt, M.G. and Mathewes, R.W., 1997. Holocene tree line and climate change on the Queen Charlotte Islands, Canada. Quaternary Research, 48(1), pp.88-99.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1997.1903
SCREAMIN Neotoma22702351Screaming Yellowlegs Pond-151.41666767.583333Western North America650RawLake37AWI-0.06817.744Kettle lake. Physiography: mountainous. Surrounding vegetation: black spruce muskeg.Edwards, M.E., Anderson, P.M., Garfinkel, H.L. and Brubaker, L.B., 1985. Late Wisconsin and Holocene vegetational history of the upper Koyukuk region, Brooks Range, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany, 63(3), pp.616-626.https://doi.org/10.1139/b85-077
SEAGULL Neotoma22712352Seagull Lake-145.21666768.266667Western North America637RawLake36AWI0.07416.174Kettle lake. Physiography: low mountains. Surrounding vegetation: birch tundra, white spruce stands.
SHERD Neotoma22992381Sherd Lake-107.01237044.269700Western North America2665RawLake58AWI-0.05115.914Moraine dammed lake. Physiography: Bighorn Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: lodgepole pine forest.Burkart, M.R., 1976. Pollen biostratigraphy and late Quaternary vegetation history of the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming. Doctoral dissertation. University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
SLEET Neotoma23922476Sleet Lake-133.58333369.283333Western North AmericaRawLake78AWI-0.05114.959Glacial origin lake. Physiography: rolling hills on Tuktoyaktuk Pininsula. Surrounding vegetation: dwarf Betula, Ericaceae, Salix.Spear, R.W., 1983. Paleoecological approaches to a study of tree line fluctuation in the Mackenzie Delta Region, Northwest Territories: preliminary results. Nordicana, 47, pp.61-72.Spear, R.W., 1993. The palynological record of Late-Quaternary arctic tree-line in northwest Canada. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 79(1-2), pp.99-111.https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-6667(93)90040-2
SLOUGHCK Neotoma24922576Slough Creek Pond-110.35000044.933333Western North America1884RawLake49AWI-0.04315.247Kettle lake. Physiography: Lamar River Valley, mountainous. Surrounding vegetation: Pseudotsuga parkland.Whitlock, C. and Bartlein, P.J., 1993. Spatial variations of Holocene climatic change in the Yellowstone region. Quaternary Research, 39(2), pp.231-238.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1026
SNOWSHOE Neotoma24962580Snowshoe Lake-120.66666757.450000Western North America900RawLake28AWI-0.02912.720Lake among oriented glacial features. Physiography: Milligan Hills, rolling uplands. Surrounding vegetation: Picea glauca, P. mariana, Pinus contorta.MacDonald, G.M., 1984. Postglacial plant migration and vegetation development in the western Canadian boreal forest. Doctoral dissertation. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.MacDonald, G.M., 1987. Postglacial development of the subalpine-boreal transition forest of western Canada. Journal of Ecology, 75(2), pp.303-320.https://doi.org/10.2307/2260420MacDonald, G.M. and Cwynar, L.C., 1985. A fossil pollen based reconstruction of the late Quaternary history of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia) in the western interior of Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 15(6), pp.1039-1044.https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-168MacDonald, G.M. and Cwynar, L.C., 1991. Post-glacial population growth rates of Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia in western Canada. Journal of Ecology, 79(2), pp.417-429.https://doi.org/10.2307/2260723
SPLAINSG Neotoma25032587Splains Gulch-107.06888938.832778Western North America3150RawPeat19AWI3.40116.623Sedge peat fen bisected by small stream. Physiography: small basin in glaciated mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Picea engelmannii-Abies lasiocarpa.Fall, P.L., 1988. Vegetation dynamics in the southern Rocky Mountains: late Pleistocene and Holocene timberline fluctuations. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Fall, P.L., 1997. Timberline fluctuations and late Quaternary paleoclimates in the Southern Rocky Mountains, Colorado. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 109(10), pp.1306-1320.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109%3C1306:TFALQP%3E2.3.CO;2
SPLAINSL Neotoma25042588Splains Lake-107.07819538.831640Western North America3165RawLake30AWI-0.02718.700Montane glacial lake (water 1.7 m deep). Physiography: small basin in glaciated mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Picea engelmannii-Abies lasiocarpa.Fall, P.L., 1988. Vegetation dynamics in the southern Rocky Mountains: late Pleistocene and Holocene timberline fluctuations. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Fall, P.L., 1997. Timberline fluctuations and late Quaternary paleoclimates in the Southern Rocky Mountains, Colorado. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 109(10), pp.1306-1320.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109%3C1306:TFALQP%3E2.3.CO;2
SPRINGBC Neotoma25062590Spring Lake-119.58333355.511389Western North America835RawLake44AWI0.00014.534Glacial montane lake. Physiography: glaciated mountain foothills. Surrounding vegetation: Populus,Pinus,Picea;Salix,Betula glndlsa.White, J.M. and Mathewes, R.W., 1986. Postglacial vegetation and climatic change in the upper Peace River district, Alberta. Canadian Journal of Botany, 64(10), pp.2305-2318.https://doi.org/10.1139/b86-302White, J.M., Mathewes, R.W. and Mathews, W.H., 1985. Late Pleistocene chronology and environment of the \Ice-Free Corridor\ of northwestern Alberta. Quaternary Research, 24(2), pp.173-186.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(85)90004-3
SULPHUR Neotoma25222611Sulphur Lake-137.95777860.950000Western North America847RawLake92AWI-0.05413.515Large two basined lake. Physiography: Shakwak Trench b Kluane Hills/Ruby Range. Surrounding vegetation: Picea glauca dominated forest.Lacourse, T. and Gajewski, K., 2000. Late Quaternary vegetation history of Sulphur Lake, southwest Yukon Territory, Canada. Arctic, 53(1), pp.27-35.Lacourse, T., 1998. Late Quaternary vegetation history of Sulphur Lake, southwest Yukon Territory, Canada. Master's thesis. University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
SURPRISE Neotoma25262615Surprise Lake-122.56212549.319690Western North America540RawLake67AWI0.04013.202Small, boggy pond. Physiography: hilly to mountainous. Surrounding vegetation: western hemlock/red cedar/ericaceous shb.Mathewes, R.W., 1973. A palynological study of postglacial vegetation changes in the University Research Forest, southwestern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Botany, 51(11), pp.2085-2103.https://doi.org/10.1139/b73-271
SWAMPLK Neotoma25292619Swamp Lake-119.81666737.950000Western North America1554RawLake60AWI-0.01418.238Small lake. Physiography: Sierra Nevada Mountain Range. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus ponderosa, Pinus jeffreyi.Smith, S.J., 1989. Pollen and microscopic charcoal analysis of a sediment core from Swamp Lake, Yosemite National Park, California. Doctoral dissertation. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, U.S.A.Smith, S.J. and Anderson, R.S., 1992. Late Wisconsin paleoecologic record from Swamp Lake, Yosemite National Park, California. Quaternary Research, 38(1), pp.91-102.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(92)90032-E
SWEETLIT Neotoma25322622Sweet Little Lake-132.01666767.650000Western North AmericaRawLake67AWI-0.05211.864Small lake. Physiography: rolling hummocky complex of kame and kettl. Surrounding vegetation: Picea/Betula/Salix/Alnus.Ritchie, J.C., 1984. A Holocene pollen record of boreal forest history from the Travaillant Lake area, Lower Mackenzie River Basin. Canadian Journal of Botany, 62(7), pp.1385-1392.https://doi.org/10.1139/b84-188
TANGLE Neotoma25352625Tangle Lakes-146.06333363.029444Western North AmericaRawLake27AWI0.1685.320Small lake. Physiography: Gulkana Upland. Surrounding vegetation: Betula/Ericales/Spirea/Picea/Populus.Ager, T.A. and Sims, J.D., 1981. Holocene pollen and sediment record from the Tangle Lakes area, central Alaska. Palynology, 5(1), pp.85-98.https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.1981.9989220Schweger, C.E., 1981. Chronology of late glacial events from the Tangle Lakes, Alaska Range, Alaska. Arctic Anthropology, 18, pp.97-101.Ager, T.A. and Brubaker, L., 1985. Quaternary palynology and vegetational history of Alaska. In: Pollen records of late-Quaternary North American sediments ed. by V.M. Bryant Jr. and R.G. Holloway (pp.353-384). American Association of Stragigraphic Palynologists Foundation, Dallas, Texas, USA.
TAYLOR Neotoma25412631Taylor Lake-123.90666746.100556Western North America4RawLake35AWI-0.0614.705Dune dammed lake. Physiography: Clatsop Plain. Surrounding vegetation: conifers, understory ferns/berries.Long, C.J. and Whitlock, C., 2002. Fire and vegetation history from the coastal rain forest of the western Oregon Coast Range. Quaternary Research, 58(3), pp.215-225.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.2002.2378
TENMILE Neotoma25472637Ten Mile Lake-145.70000063.066667Western North America1000RawLake37AWI-0.06813.825Lake in glacial outwash. Physiography: rolling hills to south of Alaska Range. Surrounding vegetation: birch-willow shrub tundra.Anderson, P.M., Lozhkin, A.V., Eisner, W.R., Hopkins, D.M., Brubaker, L.B. and Colinvaux, P.A., 1994. Pollen records from ten mile and Wonder Lake, Alaska. Geographie Physique et Quaternaire, 48(2), pp.131-141.
TIINKDHU Neotoma25512642Tiinkdhul Lake-143.15000066.583333Western North America189RawLake56AWI0.00122.008Maar lake. Physiography: rolling hills of uplands. Surrounding vegetation: spruce forest.Anderson, P.M., Reanier, R.E. and Brubaker, L.B., 1988. Late Quaternary vegetational history of the Black River region in northeastern Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 25(1), pp.84-94.https://doi.org/10.1139/e88-009
TIOGA Neotoma25532644Tioga Pass Pond-119.25833337.908333Western North America3018RawLake34AWI-0.05010.497Kettle pond. Physiography: Sierra Nevada mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus contorta, P. albicaulis.Anderson, R.S., 1987. Late-Quaternary environments of the Sierra Nevada, California. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Anderson, R.S., 1990. Holocene forest development and paleoclimates within the central Sierra Nevada, California. Journal of Ecology, 78, pp.470-489.https://doi.org/10.2307/2261125
TLANDING Neotoma25552646Thompson Landing-110.79166763.066667Western North America180RawPeat65AWI3.0587.062Peat cliff on edge of unnamed lake. Physiography: low relief. Surrounding vegetation: tundra.Nichols, H., 1975. Palynological and paleoclimatic study of the late Quaternary displacements of the boreal forest-tundra ecotone in Keewatin and Mackenzie, N.W.T., Canada. Occasional Paper 15. Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
TOBOGGAN Neotoma25562647Toboggan Lake-114.59946050.815305Western North America1480RawLake54AWI-0.03411.401Kettle lake in glacio-fluvial gravels. Physiography: Rocky Mountain foothills. Surrounding vegetation: Picea glauca, Pinus contorta, Populus tremuloides.MacDonald, G.M., 1989. Postglacial palaeoecology of the subalpine forest-grassland ecotone of southwestern Alberta: New insights on vegetation and climate change in the Canadian Rocky Mountains and adjacent foothills. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 73(3-4), pp.155-173.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(89)90001-1MacDonald, G.M., Beukens, R.P. and Kieser, W.E., 1991. Radiocarbon dating of limnic sediments: a comparative analysis and discussion. Ecology, 72(3), pp.1150-1155.https://doi.org/10.2307/1940612MacDonald, G.M., Beukens, R.P., Kieser, W.E. and Vitt, D.H., 1987. Comparative radiocarbon dating of terrestrial plant macrofossils and aquatic moss from the \ice-free corridor\ of western Canada. Geology, 15(9), pp.837-840.https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1987)15%3C837:CRDOTP%3E2.0.CO;2
TONQUIN Neotoma25612652Tonquin Creek-118.36666752.733333Western North America1935RawPeat25AWI0.30611.550Small depression. Physiography: rugged valley with kame and esker features. Surrounding vegetation: Picea Abies.Kearney, M.S., 1981. Late Quaternary vegetational and environmental history of Jasper National Park, Alberta. Doctoral dissertation. University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.Kearney, M.S. and Luckman, B.H., 1983. Postglacial vegetational history of Tonquin Pass, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 20(5), pp.776-786.https://doi.org/10.1139/e83-069Luckman, B.H., Kearney, M.S., King, R.H. and Beaudoin, A.B., 1986. Revised 14C age for St. Helens Y tephra at Tonquin Pass, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 23(5), pp.734-736.https://doi.org/10.1139/e86-072
TUK5 Neotoma25692661Tuktoyaktuk 5-133.45000069.050000Western North America60RawLake51AWI-0.01816.854Kettle lake. Physiography: rolling morainic terrain.Ritchie, J.C. and Hare, F.K., 1971. Late-Quaternary vegetation and climate near the arctic tree line of northwestern North America. Quaternary Research, 1(3), pp.331-342.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(71)90069-X
TWINLAKE Neotoma27852880Twin Lakes-108.10256037.469060Western North America3290RawLake93AWI-0.01611.252Depression in headward end of landslide. Physiography: La Plata Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: engelmann spruce/subalpine fir.Petersen, K.L., Clay, V.L., Matthews, M.H. and Neusius, S.W., 1985. Dolores Archaeological Program: Studies in Environmental Archaeology. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Engineering and Research Center, Denver, Colorado, USA.Petersen, K.L., 1994. A warm and wet little climatic optimum and a cold and dry little ice age in the southern rocky mountains, U.S.A. Climatic Change, 26(2), pp.243-269.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01092417Petersen, K.L. and Mehringer Jr, P.J., 1976. Postglacial timberline fluctuations, La Plata Mountains, southwestern Colorado. Arctic and Alpine Research, 8(3), pp.275-288.https://doi.org/10.2307/1550475
TYRRELL Neotoma27872882Tyrrell Lake-135.65555666.050000Western North America660RawLake20AWI-0.02413.500Lk in ungl.val lateral to central gl.val. Physiography: Richardson Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: spruce forest, shrub-birch tundra.Ritchie, J.C., 1982. The modern and late-Quaternary vegetation of the Doll Creek area, north Yukon, Canada. New Phytologist, 90, pp.563-603.
WALKER Neotoma28252922Walker Lake-124.00222248.529167Western North America950RawLake53AWI0.03514.858Physiography: San Juan Ridge, S. Vancouver Is. Ranges. Surrounding vegetation: sedges, hemlock, fir, cedar.Brown, K.J. and Hebda, R.J., 2002. Origin, development, and dynamics of coastal temperate conifer rainforests of southern Vancouver Island, Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32(2), pp.353-372.https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-197Brown, K.J. and Hebda, R.J., 2003. Coastal rainforest connections disclosed through a Late Quaternary vegetation, climate, and fire history investigation from the Mountain Hemlock Zone on southern Vancouver Island, British Colombia, Canada. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 123(3-4), pp.247-269.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-6667(02)00195-1
WATCHTWR Neotoma28282925Watchtower Basin-117.08333352.783333Western North AmericaRawPeat35AWI-0.0509.336Small bog in bedrock depression. Physiography: Maligne range Rocky Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Abies/Picea/Salix/Potentilla.Kearney, M.S., 1981. Late Quaternary vegetational and environmental history of Jasper National Park, Alberta. Doctoral dissertation. University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.Kearney, M.S. and Luckman, B.H., 1983. Holocene timberline fluctuations in Jasper National Park, Alberta. Science, 221(4607), pp.261-263.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.221.4607.261Luckman, B.H. and Kearney, M.S., 1986. Reconstruction of Holocene changes in alpine vegetation and climate in the Maligne Range, Jasper National Park, Alberta. Quaternary Research, 26(2), pp.244-261.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(86)90108-0
WHYAC Neotoma28562953Whyac Lake-124.84444448.672222Western North America15RawLake45AWI0.24316.944Kettle lake. Physiography: glacially scoured landscape. Surrounding vegetation: hemlock, cedar, spruce, myrica, bog.Brown, K.J. and Hebda, R.J., 2002. Origin, development, and dynamics of coastal temperate conifer rainforests of southern Vancouver Island, Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32(2), pp.353-372.https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-197
WIENLAKE Neotoma28572954Wien Lake-151.26666764.333333Western North America305RawLake43AWI-0.06114.423Lake of unknown origin. Physiography: gentlly rolling hills. Surrounding vegetation: spruce forest.Hu, F.S., Brubaker, L.B. and Anderson, P.M., 1993. A 12 000 year record of vegetation change and soil development from Wien Lake, central Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany, 71(9), pp.1133-1142.https://doi.org/10.1139/b93-133
WILCOX Neotoma28582955Wilcox Pass-117.21666752.241667Western North America2355RawBog31AWI-0.00412.627Small bog in shallow bedrock basin. Physiography: mountainous. Surrounding vegetation: alpine tundra, esp. Salix, Dryas.Beaudoin, A.B., 1984. Holocene environmental change in the Sunwapta Pass Area, Jasper National Park. Doctoral dissertation. University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.Beaudoin, A.B. and King, R.H., 1986. Using discriminant function analysis to identify Holocene tephras based on magnetite composition: a case study from the Sunwapta Pass area, Jasper National Park. Canadian journal of earth sciences, 23(6), pp.804-812.https://doi.org/10.1139/e86-082Beaudoin, A.B. and King, R.H., 1990. Late Quaternary vegetation history of Wilcox Pass, Jasper National Park, Alberta. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 80(2), pp.129-144.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(90)90125-Q
WLDSPEAR Neotoma28652962Wild Spear Lake-114.15000059.250000Western North America880RawLake34AWI-0.02113.919Depression in ground moraine. Physiography: ground moraine. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana/Sphagnum muskeg.MacDonald, G.M., 1984. Postglacial plant migration and vegetation development in the western Canadian boreal forest. Doctoral dissertation. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.MacDonald, G.M., 1987. Postglacial vegetation history of the Mackenzie River Basin. Quaternary Research, 28(2), pp.245-262.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90063-9MacDonald, G.M. and Cwynar, L.C., 1985. A fossil pollen based reconstruction of the late Quaternary history of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia) in the western interior of Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 15(6), pp.1039-1044.https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-168
WONDER Neotoma29353033Wonder Lake-151.08333363.483333Western North America610RawLake34AWI0.01319.712Morainally dammed lake. Physiography: valley lowland in Alaska Range. Surrounding vegetation: spruce forest with tundra in mountains.Anderson, P.M., Lozhkin, A.V., Eisner, W.R., Hopkins, D.M., Brubaker, L.B. and Colinvaux, P.A., 1994. Pollen records from Ten Mile and Wonder Lake, Alaska. Geographie Physique et Quaternaire, 48(2), pp.131-141.
WOSKI Neotoma29413039Woski Pond-119.62500037.725000Western North America1212RawLake20AWI-0.0161.286Cutoff meander of Merced River. Physiography: glacial valley bottom. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus/Calocedrus/Quercus/Alnus/Rubus.Anderson, R.S., 1987. Late-Quaternary environments of the Sierra Nevada, California. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Anderson, R.S. and Carpenter, S.L., 1991. Vegetation change in Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California, during the protohistoric period. Madrono, 38, pp.1-13.
YESTERDY Neotoma29493048Yesterday Lake-119.48333356.766667Western North America1050RawLake10AWI-0.02912.472Lake in ground moraine depression. Physiography: Clear Hills. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana, P. glauca, Pinus contorta.MacDonald, G.M., 1984. Postglacial plant migration and vegetation development in the western Canadian boreal forest. Doctoral dissertation. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.MacDonald, G.M., 1987. Postglacial development of the subalpine-boreal transition forest of western Canada. Journal of Ecology, 75, pp.303-320.https://doi.org/10.2307/2260420MacDonald, G.M. and Cwynar, L.C., 1985. A fossil pollen based reconstruction of the late Quaternary history of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia) in the western interior of Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 15(6), pp.1039-1044.https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-168
HEADLAKE Neotoma29553054Head Lake-105.74063537.711090Western North America2300RawLake32AWI-0.04211.864Playa lake in a blowout depression in the San Luis Valley. Surrounding vegetation: Sarcobatus/Atriplex/Chysothamnus steppe.Jodry, M.A., Shafer, D.S., Stanford, D.J. and Davis, O.K., 1989. Late Quaternary environments and human adaptation in the San Luis Valley, south-central Colorado. In: Water in the valley: a 1989 perspective on water supplies, issues, and solutions in the San Luis Valley, Colorado ed. by E.J. Harmon (pp.189-208). Colorado Ground-Water Association Guidebook, Eighth Annual Field Trip, August 19-20, 1989.Shafer, D.S., 1989. The timing of late Quaternary monsoon precipitation maxima in the southwest United States. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
COMOLAKE Neotoma29573056Como Lake-105.51416537.569525Western North America3523RawLake31AWI-0.02914.234Glacial scour lake. Physiography: Sangre de Cristo Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: open Picea, Abies, Pinus aristata.Jodry, M.A., Shafer, D.S., Stanford, D.J. and Davis, O.K., 1989. Late Quaternary environments and human adaptation in the San Luis Valley, south-central Colorado. In: Water in the valley: a 1989 perspective on water supplies, issues, and solutions in the San Luis Valley, Colorado ed. by E.J. Harmon (pp.189-208). Colorado Ground-Water Association Guidebook, Eighth Annual Field Trip, August 19-20, 1989.Shafer, D.S., 1989. The timing of late Quaternary monsoon precipitation maxima in the southwest United States. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
BECHAN2M Neotoma2443060Bechan Cave-110.86666737.366667Western North America1280RawCave23AWI0.37517.895Large sandstone cave. Physiography: canyon lands. Surrounding vegetation: open juniper woodland.Davis, O.K., 1990. Caves as sources of biotic remains in arid western North America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 76(3-4), pp.331-348.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(90)90119-RDavis, O.K., Agenbroad, L., Martin, P.S. and Mead, J.I., 1984. The Pleistocene dung blanket of Bechan Cave, Utah. In: Contributions in Quaternary vertebrate paleontology: a volume in memorial to John E. Guilday ed. by H.H. Genoways and M.R. Dawson (pp.267-282). Special Publication of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 8, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
DEAD6101 Neotoma6553076Toadlena Lake [Dead Man Lake]-108.95277036.237195Western North America2759RawLake22AWI36.13145.058Sandstone depression formed by piping. Physiography: crest of the Chuska Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus ponderosa forest.Wright Jr, H.E., 1964. Origin of the lakes in the Chuska Mountains, northwestern New Mexico. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 75(7), pp.589-598.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1964)75%5B589:OOTLIT%5D2.0.CO;2Wright Jr, H.E., Bent, A.M., Spross Hansen, B. and Maher Jr, L.J., 1973. Present and past vegetation of the Chuska Mountains, northwestern New Mexico. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 84(4), pp.1155-1180.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84%3C1155:PAPVOT%3E2.0.CO;2
JOHNKLON Neotoma8143149John Klondike Bog-123.64666760.356667Western North America460RawPeat43AWI-0.01911.031The fossils come from a 4.65m section of peats collected from a raised frozen bog in the Fisherman Valley in the Liard Range. . The surrounding vegetation is Populus tremuloides and Picea glauca.Matthews Jr, J.V., 1980. Paleoecology of John Klondike Bog, Fisherman Lake region, southwest district of Mackenzie. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 80-22.
POTATO2 Neotoma19063561Potato Lake-111.34527834.462222Western North America2205RawLake61AWI0.22239.944Solution basin in Coconino Sandstone. Physiography: Mogollon Rim. Surrounding vegetation: open Pinus ponderosa forest.Anderson, R.S., 1989. Development of the southwestern ponderosa pine forests: what do we really know. Multiresource management of ponderosa pine forests. US Forest Service General Technical Report RM-185, pp.15-22.Anderson, R.S., 1993. A 35,000 year vegetation and climate history from Potato Lake, Mogollon Rim, Arizona. Quaternary Research, 40(3), pp.351-359.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1088Anderson, R.S., Smith, S., Rothstein, D., Murray, L., Hadly, E., Force, C. and Diveley-White, S., 1989. The mid-and late-Wisconsin pollen stratigraphy of Potato Lake, Coconino County, Arizona. Current Research in the Pleistocene, 6, pp.51-54.Whiteside, M.C., 1965. Paleoecological studies of Potato Lake and its environs. Ecology, 46(6), pp.807-816.https://doi.org/10.2307/1934013
SAPBHM Neotoma22603611San Agustin Plains-108.25000033.866667Western North America2069RawLake81AWI-0.06731.116Playa lake. Physiography: Datil-Mogollon volcanic plateau. Surrounding vegetation: pinyon-juniper woodland.Clisby, K.H., Foreman, F. and Sears, P.B., 1956. Pleistocene climatic changes in New Mexico. U.S.A. Veroffentlichungen des Geobotanisches Institutes Rubel der Eidgenossischen Technischen Hochschule, Stiftung Rubel, Zurich, 34, pp.22-26 (in German).Clisby, K.H. and Foreman, F., 1962. Palynology - diastrophism - erosion. Field excursion guide, 1st International Pollen Conference, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Markgraf, V., Bradbury, J.P., Forester, R.M., Singh, G. and Sternberg, R.S., 1984. San Agustin Plains, New Mexico: age and paleoenvironmental potential reassessed. Quaternary Research, 22(3), pp.336-343.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(84)90027-9
BROWNS Neotoma979514491Browns Island-121.86795038.042170Western North America0RawPeat28AWI-0.0322.533Browns Island is a 2.8 sq km tidal wetland located in the San Francisco Estuary at the confluence of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers. Surrounding Vegetation: Schoenoplectus, Bolboschoenus, Distichlis spicata, Salicornia virginica, Juncus, Triglochin maritima.Malamud-Roam, F. and Ingram, B.L., 2004. Late Holocene 13C and pollen records of paleosalinity from tidal marshes in the San Francisco Bay estuary, California. Quaternary Research, 62(2), pp.134-145.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2004.02.011May, M.D., 1999. Vegetation and salinity changes over the last 2000 years at two islands in the northern San Francisco Estuary, California. Master's thesis. University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
ROEISLND Neotoma979614494Roe Island-122.03293538.072300Western North America0RawMarsh31AWI-0.0432.104Tidal marsh located on an island in the San Francisco Estuary. Surrounding vegetation: Distichlis spicata and Salicornia virginica.Malamud-Roam, F. and Ingram, B.L., 2004. Late Holocene 13C and pollen records of paleosalinity from tidal marshes in the San Francisco Bay estuary, California. Quaternary Research, 62(2), pp.134-145.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2004.02.011May, M.D., 1999. Vegetation and salinity changes over the last 2000 years at two islands in the northern San Francisco Estuary, California. Master's thesis. University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
DOGLKBC Neotoma979814498Dog Lake-115.92977050.780545Western North America1183RawLake121AWI0.03310.139Dog Lake is a glacial origin lake located in the Kootenay Valley. Surrounding vegetation: Mixed stands of Pinus contorta and Pseudotsuga menziesii grow on xeric sites, while Picea glauca, Populus tremuloides, and Betula papyrifera are found on mesic sites. Dog Lake represents the northernmost extent of Larix occidentalis in the Rocky Mountains.Hallett, D.J. and Hills, L.V., 2006. Holocene vegetation dynamics, fire history, lake level and climate change in the Kootenay Valley, southeastern British Columbia, Canada. Journal of Paleolimnology, 35(2), pp.351-371.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-005-1335-6
LOWDER Neotoma983014549Lowder Creek Bog-112.79224537.672140Western North America3127RawBog37AWI-0.04515.422Fen sediments accumulated behind a well-developed Late Wisconsin moraine complex. Surrounding vegetation: Picea engelmannii - Abies lasiocarpa forest with Populus tremuloides. Members of the Cyperaceae family cover the bog surface. Dodecatheon pulchellum, Pedicularis groenlandica, and Gentiana are common.Anderson, R.S., Hasbargen, J., Koehler, P.A. and Feiler, E.J., 1999. Late Wisconsin and Holocene subalpine forests of the Markagunt Plateau of Utah, southwestern Colorado Plateau, USA. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 31(4), pp.366-378.https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.1999.12003321
SANLUIS Neotoma987814650San Luis Lake-105.72466537.677730Western North America2293RawLake24AWI-0.0441.552Playa lake subject to drying out. Aeolian landscape with blowout depressions, parabolic dunes, and alkaline flats. Upland vegetation: saline bottom land shrublands, cold desert shrublands, and salt meadows, with Sarcobatus, Salsola, Atriplex, Sueda, Artemisia, and Poaceae.de Lanois, J.L., 1993. Climatic change during the late Holocene from a south central Colorado lake. Master's thesis. University of Arizona, Tuscon, Arizona, USA.
YAHOO Neotoma994214792Yahoo Lake-124.01858547.676915Western North America709RawLake50AWI0.03213.876Yahoo Lake was formed by a small cirque glacier. Surrounding vegetation: The lake is located within the Pacific Silver Fir forest zone. North facing slopes are dominated by Abies amabilis and Tsuga heterophylla, while Thuja plicata is limited to flat areas or south aspects. The lake is near the upper elevation limits of Tsuga heterophylla and Thuja plicata.Gavin, D.G. and Brubaker, L.B., 2015. Late Quaternary Vegetation and Fire History of the Olympic Peninsula. In: Late Pleistocene and Holocene Environmental Change on the Olympic Peninsula. Ecological Studies 222. ed. by D.G. Gavin and L.B. Brubaker (pp.61-106). Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11014-1_4Gavin, D.G., Brubaker, L.B. and Greenwald, D.N., 2013. Postglacial climate and fire-mediated vegetation change on the western Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA). Ecological Monographs, 83(4), pp.471-489.https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1742.1
TWOFROG Neotoma994314794Two Frog Lake-127.53403551.106595Western North America4RawLake57AWI-0.05114.270Two Frog Lake is a small single basin unstratified freshwater lake. It is located in the Seymour-Belize Inlet Complex, situated in the central coastal mainland of British Columbia. Surrounding vegetation: The vegetation in this region is dominated by Tsuga heterophylla and Tsuga plicata.Galloway, J.M., Patterson, R.T., Doherty, C.T. and Roe, H.M., 2007. Multi-proxy evidence of postglacial climate and environmental change at Two Frog Lake, central mainland coast of British Columbia, Canada. Journal of Paleolimnology, 38(4), pp.569-588.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-007-9091-4
SIESTA Neotoma994514799Siesta Lake-119.65994537.850500Western North America2430RawLake26AWI0.00512.419Small morainally dammed lake in the Sierra Nevada mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus contorta forest with Abies magnifica and an occasional Pinus monticola. There are very few herbaceous and shrubby understorey species. Occasional openings within the forest allow species such as Quercus vaccinifolia, Arctostaphylos nevadensis, Ribes montigenum, and Phyllodoce breweri to thrive.Brunelle, A. and Anderson, R.S., 2003. Sedimentary charcoal as an indicator of late-Holocene drought in the Sierra Nevada, California, and its relevance to the future. The Holocene, 13(1), pp.21-28.https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683603hl591rp
BURNTKNB Neotoma994714803Burnt Knob Lake-114.98290045.706945Western North America2250RawLake36AWI-0.04314.955Late-Pleistocene cirque basin. Physiography: Clearwater mountain range. Surrounding vegetation: Abies bifolia and Pinus albicaulis.Brunelle-Daines, A.R., 2002. Holocene changes in fire, climate and vegetation in the northern Rocky Mountains of Idaho and western Montana. Doctoral dissertation. University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.Brunelle, A. and Whitlock, C., 2003. Postglacial fire, vegetation, and climate history in the Clearwater Range, Northern Idaho, USA. Quaternary Research, 60(3), pp.307-318.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2003.07.009
BAKER Neotoma997414884Baker Lake-114.26320545.891725Western North America2300RawLake40AWI-0.04413.903Baker Lake is on the east side of the Bitterroot Range. It is a late-Pleistocene cirque basin. Surrounding vegetation is dominated by Pinus albicaulis and Larix lyallii on dry slopes, and Abies bifolia on wet slopes. Pinus contorta and Picea engelmannii also grow in the watershed. Dominant understory species include Vaccinium scoparium, Vaccinium membranaceum, Xerophyllum tenax, and Phyllodoce empetriformis.Brunelle-Daines, A.R., 2002. Holocene changes in fire, climate and vegetation in the northern Rocky Mountains of Idaho and western Montana. Doctoral dissertation. University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.Brunelle, A., Rehfeldt, G.E., Bentz, B. and Munson, A.S., 2008. Holocene records of Dendroctonus bark beetles in high elevation pine forests of Idaho and Montana, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(3-4), pp.836-846.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.10.008
HOODOO Neotoma998514911Hoodoo Lake-114.65153046.320235Western North America1787RawLake53AWI-0.04710.055Cutoff stream channel located on the west side of the Bitterroot Range. The subalpine forest surrounding Hoodo Lake is dominated by Picea engelmannii and Abies bifolia on the wet slopes, and Pinus contorta on the southern dry slopes. Salix and Scirpus are in seeps or moister areas. Dominant understory species include Vaccinium scoparium, Xerophyllum tenax, and Phyllodoce empetriformis. Various members of Poaceae and Asteraceae are also present in the watershed.Brunelle-Daines, A.R., 2002. Holocene changes in fire, climate and vegetation in the northern Rocky Mountains of Idaho and western Montana. Doctoral dissertation. University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.Brunelle, A., Rehfeldt, G.E., Bentz, B. and Munson, A.S., 2008. Holocene records of Dendroctonus bark beetles in high elevation pine forests of Idaho and Montana, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(3-4), pp.836-846.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.10.008
PINTLER Neotoma998914923Pintler Lake-113.43986545.840555Western North America1921RawLake36AWI-0.00816.690Pintler Lake is dammed behind a late-Pleistocene end moraine. The montane forest surrounding the lake is dominated by Pinus contorta with Pseudotsuga menziesii and Picea engelmannii as minor components. Dominant understory species include Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Artemisia tridentata, Linnea borealis, and Ribes.Brunelle-Daines, A.R., 2002. Holocene changes in fire, climate and vegetation in the northern Rocky Mountains of Idaho and western Montana. Doctoral dissertation. University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
MOOSE_neotoma Neotoma999414935Moose Lake-123.35093047.883685Western North America1544RawLake42AWI-0.01815.822Alpine lake located in the Grand Valley. Surrounding vegetation: Subalpine forest parkland dominated by Abies lasiocarpa. Tsuga heterophylla and Pseudotsuga menziesii reach their upper elevational limit near Moose Lake.Gavin, D.G., McLachlan, J.S., Brubaker, L.B. and Young, K.A., 2001. Postglacial history of subalpine forests, Olympic Peninsula, Washington, USA. The Holocene, 11(2), pp.177-188.https://doi.org/10.1191/095968301670879949
MARTINS Neotoma999514938Martins Lake-123.53259047.712915Western North America1415RawLake47AWI0.09014.228Martins Lake is a closed basin located on an alpine ridge. Surrounding vegetation: small meadows, scree slopes, and patchy Tsuga mertenisana forest. Phyllodoce empetriformis, Vaccinium deliciosum, Cassiope mertensiana, Carex, Erythronium montanum, and Polygonum bistortoides are common in meadows.Gavin, D.G. and Brubaker, L.B., 2015. Late Quaternary Vegetation and Fire History of the Olympic Peninsula. In: Late Pleistocene and Holocene Environmental Change on the Olympic Peninsula. Ecological Studies 222. ed. by D.G. Gavin and L.B. Brubaker (pp.61-106). Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11014-1_4Gavin, D.G., McLachlan, J.S., Brubaker, L.B. and Young, K.A., 2001. Postglacial history of subalpine forests, Olympic Peninsula, Washington, USA. The Holocene, 11(2), pp.177-188.https://doi.org/10.1191/095968301670879949
FRACAS Neotoma999714944Fracas Lake-112.23859536.630700Western North America2512RawLake28AWI0.05513.653Small solution basin on the Kaibab Plateau. Pond has a central floating mat of Carex, Schoenoplectus acutus, and Poaceae. Surrounded by mixed conifer forest of Abies concolor, Picea pungens, Pinus ponderosa, and Pseudotsuga menziesii.Weng, C. and Jackson, S.T., 1999. Late Glacial and Holocene vegetation history and paleoclimate of the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 153(1-4), pp.179-201.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00070-X
BEARAZ Neotoma1000014951Bear Lake-112.14717536.371125Western North America2778RawLake45AWI0.13613.470Bear Lake occurs in a limestone sinkhole and is located near the highest portion of the Kaibab Plateau. A sedge floating mat covers about two thirds of the water surface. Aquatic plants in the open water area are Glyceria borealis, Eleocharis, Sparganium, and Potamogeton. Surrounding vegetation: Forest dominated by Picea engelmannii and Abies lasiocarpa. Scattered Abies concolor and Pinus ponderosa also occur. Several Populus tremuloides trees grow on the west shore of the pond.Weng, C. and Jackson, S.T., 1999. Late Glacial and Holocene vegetation history and paleoclimate of the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 153(1-4), pp.179-201.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00070-X
MEADERVR Neotoma1001914995Meade River bluff-157.34207070.475005Western North America2RawRiver12AWI0.26810.598Tundra ice-wedge polygon on the Meade River bluffs. Sandy surface sediments are Pleistocene/Holocene eolian dunes. Surrounding vegetation: Carex, Sphagnum, Salix, Dryas, Polygonum. Sedge tundra.Eisner, W.R. and Peterson, K.M., 1998. High-resolution pollen analysis of tundra polygons from the North Slope of Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 103(D22), pp.28929-28937.https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD01462
MUMBO Neotoma1005315074Mumbo Lake-122.51053941.190975Western North America1860RawLake34AWI-0.03514.466Lake is in a small cirque basin in the Trinity Mountains. Principal trees at Mumbo Lake include Pinus contorta, Abies concolor, A. magnifica, Pinus monticola, and Tsuga mertensiana. Forest canopy around the lake is closed, although montane chaparral (Quercus vaccinifolia, Arctostaphylos, and rosaceous taxa) and bare rock cover much of the surrounding slopes.Daniels, M.L., Anderson, S. and Whitlock, C., 2005. Vegetation and fire history since the Late Pleistocene from the Trinity Mountains, northwestern California, USA. The Holocene, 15(7), pp.1062-1071.https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683605hl878ra
EMMASEC1 Neotoma1006115106Lake Emma-107.61537037.902105Western North America3740RawLake52AWI-0.06719.165Glacial tarn in a south-facing cirque at the head of Eureka Gulch near the headwaterso of the Animas River. On 4 June 1978, it was suddenly and completely drained by the collapse of underground mine workings. Site is above timberline in alpine tundra.Carrara, P.E., Trimble, D.A. and Rubin, M., 1991. Holocene treeline fluctuations in the northern San Juan Mountains, Colorado, USA, as indicated by radiocarbon-dated conifer wood. Arctic and Alpine Research, 23(3), pp.233-246.https://doi.org/10.2307/1551601Carrara, P.E., Mode, W.N., Rubin, M. and Robinson, S.W., 1984. Deglaciation and postglacial timberline in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado. Quaternary Research, 21(1), pp.42-55.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(84)90088-7
CODE Neotoma1008315157Code Lake-151.85999567.157920Western North America250RawLake25AWI-0.0287.382Physiography: Foothills of the southcentral Brooks Range, within the Kobuk Ridges and Valleys Ecoregion. Underlain by alluvial and glacial sediments. Surrounding Vegetation: Picea mariana, Picea glauca, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, Salix glandulosa, Alnus.Higuera, P.E., 2006. Late glacial and Holocene fire history in the southcentral Brooks Range, Alaska: Direct and indirect impacts of climate change on fire regimes. Doctoral dissertation. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
LASTCHAN Neotoma1009415175Last Chance Lake-150.74512567.124060Western North America250RawLake12AWI0.2951.992Physiography: Foothills of the southcentral Brooks Range, within the Kobuk Ridges and Valleys Ecoregion. Underlain by alluvial and glacial sediments. Surrounding Vegetation: Picea mariana, Picea glauca, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, Salix glandulosa, Alnus.Higuera, P.E., 2006. Late glacial and Holocene fire history in the southcentral Brooks Range, Alaska: Direct and indirect impacts of climate change on fire regimes. Doctoral dissertation. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
RUPPERT1 Neotoma1010015185Ruppert Lake-154.24498567.070840Western North America230RawLake121AWI0.18014.443Kettle lake on a terminal moraine. Physiography: Foothills of the south central Brooks Range, within the Kobuk Ridges and Valleys Ecoregion. Underlain by alluvial and glacial sediments. Surrounding Vegetation: Picea mariana, Picea glauca, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, Salix glandulosa, Alnus.Higuera, P.E., 2006. Late glacial and Holocene fire history in the southcentral Brooks Range, Alaska: Direct and indirect impacts of climate change on fire regimes. Doctoral dissertation. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
TUSSOCK Neotoma1010115187Wild Tussock Lake-151.38361567.126480Western North America290RawLake27AWI0.5587.240Physiography: Foothills of the south central Brooks Range, within the Kobuk Ridges and Valleys Ecoregion. Underlain by alluvial and glacial sediments. Surrounding Vegetation: Picea mariana, Picea glauca, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, Salix glandulosa, Alnus.Higuera, P.E., 2006. Late glacial and Holocene fire history in the southcentral Brooks Range, Alaska: Direct and indirect impacts of climate change on fire regimes. Doctoral dissertation. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
XINDI Neotoma1010215189Xindi Lake-152.49138567.111235Western North America240RawLake64AWI-0.04718.244Physiography: Foothills of the south central Brooks Range, within the Kobuk Ridges and Valleys Ecoregion. Underlain by alluvial and glacial sediments. Surrounding Vegetation: Picea mariana, Picea glauca, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, Salix glandulosa, Alnus.Higuera, P.E., 2006. Late glacial and Holocene fire history in the southcentral Brooks Range, Alaska: Direct and indirect impacts of climate change on fire regimes. Doctoral dissertation. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
LOSTPARK Neotoma1010715201Lost Park-105.53830039.294900Western North America3079RawPeat50AWI-0.04713.791Lost Park wet meadow occurs along the South Fork of Lost Creek, immediately northeast of the Tarryall Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: The forest vegetation of the area contains Juniperus communis as an understory shrub. Picea pungens and Pinus contorta grow on a knoll that extends into the valley near the coring site. Pinus contorta, Pinus aristata, and Picea engelmannii all occur on the forested valley slopes flanking Lost Park. Populus tremulouides commonly occurs in dry disturbed areas. The wet meadow vegetation consists of many herbaceous plant taxa such as Clementsia rhodantha, Potentilla, Gentiana calycosa, and members of the Poaceae, Cyperaceae, and Caryophyllaceae families. Occasional Salix shrubs also dot the wet meadow. In dry nonforested areas along the valley floor adjacent to the wet meadow, abundant taxa include Fragaria virginiana, Taraxacum officinale, Aster, Penstemon, Achillea lanulosa, A. frigida, Pentaphylloides floribunda, and members of the Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae families.Vierling, L.A., 1998. Palynological evidence for late-and postglacial environmental change in central Colorado. Quaternary Research, 49(2), pp.222-232.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1997.1960
BIGLAKE Neotoma1011415214Big Lake-121.45439551.668615Western North America1029RawLake32AWI-0.02212.006Big Lake is situated in a topographically closed basin on the Cariboo Plateau. Surrounding vegetation: Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pinus contorta, and scattered grasslands.Bennett, J.R., Cumming, B.F., Leavitt, P.R., Chiu, M., Smol, J.P. and Szeicz, J., 2001. Diatom, pollen, and chemical evidence of postglacial climatic change at Big Lake, south-central British Columbia, Canada. Quaternary Research, 55(3), pp.332-343.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.2001.2227
CASSIOPE Neotoma1014515276Cassiope Pond-127.75202550.166625Western North America550RawLake53AWI0.09212.771Pond on the Brooks Peninsula, Vancouver Island.Hebda, R.J. and Allen, G.B., 1997. Late Quaternary paleoecology of Brooks Peninsula. In: Brooks Peninsula: An Ice Age Refugium on Vancouver Island ed. by R.J. Hebda and J.C. Haggarty. Occasional Paper No 5. B.C. Parks.
TINY Neotoma1015115284Tiny Lake-127.38188051.194380Western North America6RawLake45AWI-0.04413.985Tiny Lake is a coastal isolation basin separated from Mereworth Sound by a 3.28 m sill. Surrounding vegetation: Tsuga heterophylla dominates the forests. Thuja plicata is also common. Deciduous taxa include Acer glabrum and Alnus. There is an understory of ferns, bryophytes, and shrubs, namely Gaultheria shallon.Galloway, J.M., 2006. Post-glacial climate and vegetation change in the Seymour-Belize Inlet complex, central coastal British Columbia, Canada. Doctoral dissertation. Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
PYROLA Neotoma1015315288Pyrola Lake-127.69799550.183195Western North America506RawLake49AWI0.07216.329NAHebda, R.J., 1997. Impact of climate change on biogeoclimatic zones of British Columbia and Yukon. Responding to global climate change in British Columbia and Yukon, 1, p.363.
DEVLINS Neotoma1015815298Devlins Park-105.56156040.000760Western North America2953RawLake51AWI16.82628.433Former proglacial lake of Pinedale age on Caribou Creek that formed when glacial ice from North Boulder Creek downstream advanced across the valley of Caribou Creek. The lake floor is 14-20 m above present Caribou Creek. Surrounding vegetation: Slopes near the coring site are covered by Pinus contorta forest with Abies bifolia and Picea engelmannii. Populus tremuloides and Pinus flexilis are also present. The basin itself is dominated by Salix, Cyperaceae, and Poaceae.Lego, T.E. and Bakrr, R.G., 1980. Palynology of Pinedale sediments, Devlins Park, Boulder County, Colorado. Arctic and Alpine Research, 12(3), pp.319-333.https://doi.org/10.2307/1550718
BERENDON Neotoma1017115323Berendon Fen-130.05546556.242780Western North America794RawFen23AWI-0.0287.090Fen near the terminal moraine of Berendon Glacier. Surrounding vegetation: predominantly sedges and willows on the fen surface. Wetland herbs (Sanguisorba and Caltha leptosepala) are less common. Young subalpine firs are present where mineral soil is available.Clague, J.J. and Mathewes, R.W., 1996. Neoglaciation, glacier-dammed lakes, and vegetation change in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. Arctic and Alpine Research, 28(1), pp.10-24.https://doi.org/10.2307/1552081Clague, J.J., Wohlfarth, B., Ayotte, J., Eriksson, M., Hutchinson, I., Mathewes, R.W., Walker, I.R. and Walker, L., 2004. Late Holocene environmental change at treeline in the northern Coast Mountains, British Columbia, Canada. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23(23-24), pp.2413-2431.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.01.009
SKINNY Neotoma1018315342Skinny Lake-130.09597557.594980Western North America899RawLake41AWI0.30014.143Skinny Lake is located at an expansion in the Todagin River valley. Surrounding vegetation: Picea glauca, Pinus contorta, Picea mariana on poorly drained soils, Populus tremuloides on south facing slopes. Also Alnus, Betula, and Salix.Spooner, I.S., Mazzucchi, D., Osborn, G., Gilbert, R. and Larocque, I., 2002. A multi-proxy holocene record of environmental change fromthe sediments of Skinny Lake, Iskut region, northern British Columbia, Canada. Journal of Paleolimnology, 28(4), pp.419-431.https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021689328179
FARGHER Neotoma1018415344Fargher Pond-122.51919045.886765Western North America202RawLake130AWI19.25557.859Fargher Pond was formed >58,000 cal yr BP following the recession of early to middle Wisconsin glaciers in the western Cascade Range. Surrounding vegetation: Pseudotsuga menziesii, T. heterophylla, Thuja plicata, and Alnus rubra. Minor amounts of Abies grandis and Pinus monticola.Grigg, L.D. and Whitlock, C., 2002. Patterns and causes of millennial-scale climate change in the Pacific Northwest during Marine Isotope Stages 2 and 3. Quaternary Science Reviews, 21(18-19), pp.2067-2083.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00017-3
STEWARTB Neotoma1019115356Stewart Bog-105.72200035.832000Western North America3115RawBog208AWI-0.03014.178Alpine bog within a suite of moraines. Surrounding vegetation: Subalpine coniferous forest with Picea engelmannii, Abies lasiocarpa, Pinus aristata, P. menziesii, P. strobiformis, Populus tremuloides, and Juniperus communis.Jimenez-Moreno, G., Fawcett, P.J. and Anderson, R.S., 2008. Millennial-and centennial-scale vegetation and climate changes during the late Pleistocene and Holocene from northern New Mexico (USA). Quaternary Science Reviews, 27(13-14), pp.1442-1452.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.04.004
SPILLWAY Neotoma1019215359Spillway Pond-130.06881556.239975Western North America852RawLake18AWI-0.0170.910Spillway Pond is a moraine dammed lake. Surrounding vegetation is a mature forest of mountain hemlock and subalpine fir with a dense understorey of tall shrubs, including Alnus viridis, Salix, Sorbus, and Vaccinium. Meadow species (Lupinus arcticus, Valeriana sitchensis, Veratrum viride, Senecio triangularis) are common at the edges of the pone, while pioneering plants (willow, alder, grasses, sedges, and willow-herb) are dominant on nearby well drained sites.Clague, J.J. and Mathewes, R.W., 1996. Neoglaciation, glacier-dammed lakes, and vegetation change in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. Arctic and Alpine Research, 28(1), pp.10-24.https://doi.org/10.2307/1552081Clague, J.J., Wohlfarth, B., Ayotte, J., Eriksson, M., Hutchinson, I., Mathewes, R.W., Walker, I.R. and Walker, L., 2004. Late Holocene environmental change at treeline in the northern Coast Mountains, British Columbia, Canada. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23(23-24), pp.2413-2431.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.01.009
BLUEBONN Neotoma1019515368Blue Lake Wetlands-114.03139540.499960Western North America1297RawPeat52AWI-0.05414.805The Blue Lake wetland system is a large geothermal spring-fed system, ranking among the largest extant wetland habitats in the region. Surrounding vegetation: Dense marsh vegetation dominated by several species of bulrush (Schoenoplectus), sedges (Carex sp.), and spikerush (Eleocharis rostellata). Vegetation at the site consists of spongy peat currently vegetated in saltgrass.Louderback, L.A. and Rhode, D.E., 2009. 15,000 years of vegetation change in the Bonneville basin: the Blue Lake pollen record. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28(3-4), pp.308-326.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.09.027Louderback, L.A., 2007. Changes in vegetation and human adaptation from the latest Pleistocene to late Holocene in the Eastern Great Basin: The Blue Lake pollen record. Master's thesis. University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA.
FLYBASIN Neotoma1020415385Flycatcher Basin-121.57300041.015000Western North America924RawPeat41AWI0.0138.105One of several small closed basins supporting wetlands located within a large landslide (the Flycatcher Embayment). Surrounding vegetation: Closed-canopy Quercus garryana woodland with Pinus ponderosa. Other trees and shrubs occuring locally are Pseudotsuga mensiessii, Juniperus occidentalis, wild rose, waxberry, Rhus trilobata, Ceanothus cuneatus, and Purshia tridentata. Growing within the basin itself are Cyperaceae, Rumex, Verbascum thapsus, Plantago, and patches of Scirpus and Juncus in wetter areas.Anderson, R.S., Smith, S.J., Jass, R.B. and Spaulding, W.G., 2008. A late Holocene record of vegetation and climate from a small wetland in Shasta County, California. Madrono, 55(1), pp.15-25.https://doi.org/10.3120/0024-9637(2008)55%5B15:ALHROV%5D2.0.CO;2
LASFLORE Neotoma1020815396Las Flores Arroyo-117.46050033.291000Western North America6RawRiver12AWI-0.0303.992A deeply incised Holocene alluvial terrace. Surrounding vegetation: Cottonwood/Willow Riparian Woodland (Populus fremontii, P. balsamifera, Salix gooddingii, S. lasiolepis, S. laevigata, Platanus racemosa, Artemisia douglasianna, Baccharis salicifolia, Conium maculatum, Xanthium strumarium, Urtica dioica, Vitis girdiana). There is also Southern Willow Scrub vegetation on the alluvial desposit (various Salix species, Toxicodendron diversilobum, Ambrosia psilostachya, Urtica dioica, Artemisia douglasianna).Anderson, R.S. and Byrd, B.F., 1998. Late-Holocene vegetation changes from the Las Flores Creek coastal lowlands, San Diego County, California. Madrono, 45(2), pp.171-182.
LONGLAST Neotoma1020915399Long Last Lake-137.22850061.564000Western North America985RawLake49AWI-0.03910.081The lake occupies a shallow basin in rolling to highly irregular moraine veneer near the north end of Aishihik Lake. Surrounding vegetation: Open stands of white spruce interspersed with grassy openings. Salix, dwarf Betula, and Shepherdia candensis are common on the lower slopes.Keenan, T.J. and Cwynar, L.C., 1992. Late Quaternary history of black spruce and grasslands in southwest Yukon Territory. Canadian Journal of Botany, 70(7), pp.1336-1345.https://doi.org/10.1139/b92-168Keenan, T.J., 1991. Late-Quaternary history of Black Spruce and grasslands in southwest Yukon Territory. Master's thesis. University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunsiwck, Canada.
JANLAKE Neotoma1021215406Jan Lake-143.91772063.564660Western North America503RawLake54AWI-0.01714.652Lake dammed by alluvium of the Tanana River. Watershed is formed by metamorphic bedrock hills on three sides. Surrounding vegetation: White spruce, white birch, and trembling aspen occupy hillslopes surrounding the lake. Black spruce muskegs and balsam poplar are nearby.Carlson, L.J., 2003. Describing the postglacial pattern and rate of Picea expansion in Alaska using paleoecological records. Doctoral dissertation. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.Carlsonl, L.J. and Finney, B.P., 2004. A 13000-year history of vegetation and environmental change at Jan Lake, east-central Alaska. The Holocene, 14(6), pp.818-827.https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683604hl762rp
NICHOLSM Neotoma1021315408Nichols Meadow-119.57850037.423500Western North America1515RawMeadow38AWI-0.03715.097Meadow located in the Nelder Grove of the Sierra National Forest. Surrounding vegetation: Overstory species of incense cedar, white fir, ponderosa pine, sugar pine, and black oak are found with deer brush, currant, bear berry, and rose as the understory. Meadow plants (grasses, sedges, corn-lily, various herbs) are also found.Koehler, P.A. and Anderson, R.S., 1994. The paleoecology and stratigraphy of Nichols Meadow, Sierra National Forest, California, USA. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 112(1-2), pp.1-17.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(94)90132-5
SEQUOIA Neotoma1021315410Nichols Meadow-119.57850037.423500Western North America1515RawMeadow13AWI12.05022.540Meadow located in the Nelder Grove of the Sierra National Forest. Surrounding vegetation: Overstory species of incense cedar, white fir, ponderosa pine, sugar pine, and black oak are found with deer brush, currant, bear berry, and rose as the understory. Meadow plants (grasses, sedges, corn-lily, various herbs) are also found.Koehler, P.A. and Anderson, R.S., 1994. The paleoecology and stratigraphy of Nichols Meadow, Sierra National Forest, California, USA. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 112(1-2), pp.1-17.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(94)90132-5
PARADOX Neotoma1021415413Paradox Lake-150.75903060.622880Western North America81RawLake48AWI-0.04413.048Lake occupies a glacially deepened trough that may have been a postglacial spillway in the Kenai lowlands region. Surrounding vegetation: Pice glauca, P. mariana, Betula kenaica. Additional trees and shrubs are Populus tremuloides, Alnus crispa, Sambucus racemosa, Rosa acicularis, Viburnum edule, Linnaea borealis, Rubus, Echinopanax horridum, Ribes, and Ledum palustre. Plants common in moist areas around the lake include Salix, Myrica gale, Menziesia ferruginea, Spriaea, Betula nana, Streptopus amplexifolius, Lycopodium, Equisetum silvaticum, and E. arvense.Anderson, R.S., Hallett, D.J., Berg, E., Jass, R.B., Toney, J.L., De Fontaine, C.S. and DeVolder, A., 2006. Holocene development of boreal forests and fire regimes on the Kenai Lowlands of Alaska. The Holocene, 16(6), pp.791-803.https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683606hol966rp
RASPBERY Neotoma1021615417Rasberry Bog-130.82935557.484395Western North America802RawBog16AWI0.1747.959NA
PYRAMDBC Neotoma1021815420Pyramid Lake-129.83391558.892150Western North America1439RawLake35AWI0.13216.070Small tarn in the Cassiar Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Alpine tundra consisting of grass, sedge, Alnus sinuate, Salix arctica, S. planifolia, Betula glandulosa, and krummholz subalpine fir. On the steep slopes and ridges above the lake, vegetation is sparse with occasional patches of decisuous shrubs, grasses, and sedges.Mazzucchi, D., Spooner, I.S., Gilbert, R. and Osborn, G., 2003. Reconstruction of Holocene climate change using multiproxy analysis of sediments from Pyramid Lake, British Columbia, Canada. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 35(4), pp.520-529.https://doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(2003)035%5B0520:ROHCCU%5D2.0.CO;2
HUALCU Neotoma1024315494Hual Cu Cuish Meadow-116.58300032.967000Western North America1451RawMeadow6AWI9.92413.328Mountain meadow ~500x100 m in size. Core site was in a Typha marsh alongside a small stream that bisects the meadow. Surrounding vegetation dominated by Pinus ponderosa, Quercus, Calocedrus decurrens, and Abies. Quercus species include Q. kelloggii, Q. chrysolepis, and Q. agrifolia var. oxyadenia. Salix also present.Wahl, E.R., 2002. Paleoecology and testing of paleoclimate hypotheses in southern California during the Holocene. Doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Ohlwein, C. and Wahl, E.R., 2012. Review of probabilistic pollen-climate transfer methods. Quaternary Science Reviews, 31, pp.17-29.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.11.002
VANWYCK Neotoma1027715580Van Wyck-116.15215044.517850Western North America2255RawMeadow37AWI-0.04313.805Wet meadow in a cirque basin. Physiography: West Moutains (fault block range). Surrounding vegetation: Lodgepole pine, Englemann spruce, fir.Doerner, J.P. and Carrara, P.E., 1999. Deglaciation and postglacial vegetation history of the West Mountains, west-central Idaho, USA. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 31(3), pp.303-311.https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.1999.12003313
MCCALL Neotoma1027915586McCall Fen-116.04830044.925300Western North America1615RawPeat42AWI-0.04619.760Fen in area of ponds/fens. Physiography: Fault-block valley with moraines. Surrounding vegetation: Artemisia, Poaceae.Doerner, J.P. and Carrara, P.E., 2001. Late Quaternary vegetation and climatic history of the Long Valley area, west-central Idaho, USA. Quaternary Research, 56(1), pp.103-111.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.2001.2247
SKUNKCAB Neotoma1028215591Skunk Cabbage Meadow-116.66602033.774330Western North America2417RawMeadow8AWI3.4526.969San Jacinto Mountains, Peninsular Range. Wet mountain meadow ~60 m in diameter. Montane with Abies concolor, Pinus ponderosa, Pinus jeffreyii, Pinus lambertiana, ferns, Symphoricarpos sp.Wahl, E.R., 2002. Paleoecology and testing of paleoclimate hypotheses in southern California during the Holocene. Doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Ohlwein, C. and Wahl, E.R., 2012. Review of probabilistic pollen-climate transfer methods. Quaternary Science Reviews, 31, pp.17-29.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.11.002
TAQUITZ Neotoma1028415594Taquitz Meadow-116.66361033.768570Western North America2405RawMeadow22AWI0.3399.237Wet mountain meadow ~60 m in diameter. Surrounding vegetation Pinus ponderosa/P. jeffreyi/Abies concolor forest.Wahl, E.R., 2002. Paleoecology and testing of paleoclimate hypotheses in southern California during the Holocene. Doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Ohlwein, C. and Wahl, E.R., 2012. Review of probabilistic pollen-climate transfer methods. Quaternary Science Reviews, 31, pp.17-29.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.11.002
PORTAGAK Neotoma1029815627Portage Lake-150.53300060.716495Western North America78RawLake26AWI-0.04411.610The lake was formed 10,000 years ago with the retreat of mountain glaciers. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana/Betula papyrifera dominated boreal forest.Anderson, R.S., Hallett, D.J., Berg, E., Jass, R.B., Toney, J.L., De Fontaine, C.S. and DeVolder, A., 2006. Holocene development of boreal forests and fire regimes on the Kenai Lowlands of Alaska. The Holocene, 16(6), pp.791-803.https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683606hol966rpLynch, J.A., Clark, J.S., Bigelow, N.H., Edwards, M.E. and Finney, B.P., 2002. Geographic and temporal variations in fire history in boreal ecosystems of Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 108(D1), p.8152.https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000332
BLUFFCA Neotoma1030915646Bluff Lake-122.55987041.346515Western North America1926RawLake32AWI0.27313.798Bluff Lake lies in a southeast-facing valley on the south side of South China Mountain. Surrounding vegetation: Open forest composed of Pinus jeffreyi, P. contorta, P. monticola, Abies concolor, Calocedrus decurrens, and Pseudotsuga menziesii. Understorey shrubs include Quercus vaccinifolia, Ceanothus prostratus, Arcostaphylos patula, and A. nevadensis.Mohr, J.A., Whitlock, C. and Skinner, C.N., 2000. Postglacial vegetation and fire history, eastern Klamath Mountains, California, USA. The Holocene, 10(5), pp.587-601.https://doi.org/10.1191/095968300675837671Mohr, J.A., 1997. Postglacial vegetation and fire history near Bluff Lake, Klamath Mountains, California. Master's thesis. University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
BUCKBOG Neotoma1031915667Buckbean Bog-119.68305049.119050Western North America1803RawBog131AWI-0.05811.551Buckbean Bog occupies a near-circular basin in a depression between two ridges on the north shoulder of Mount Kobau. Surrounding vegetation: The bog is covered by a floating mat of aquatic vegetation (Menyanthes trifoliata, Carex) and is surrounded by patchy nonuniform aged mixtures of lodgepole pine, Engelmann spruce, and subalpine fir.Heinrichs, M.L., 1999. A late-Quaternary paleoecological analysis in the Engelmann Spruce-Subalpine Fir biogeoclimatic zone of the Okanagan/Ashnola region, British Columbia, Canada. Doctoral dissertation. University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.Heinrichs, M.L., Hebda, R.J. and Walker, I.R., 2001. Holocene vegetation and natural disturbance in the Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir biogeoclimatic zone at Mount Kobau, British Columbia. Canadian journal of forest research, 31(12), pp.2183-2199.https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-157
BUNKERCA Neotoma1032515680Bunker Lake-120.38641539.053590Western North America1995RawLake25AWI-0.04413.776Bunker Lake lies in a glacially scoured basin. Surrounding vegetation: Forest vegetation around the lake is dominated by white and red fir, with sugar pine, Jeffrey pine, and western white pine also present. Montane chaparral is present in much of the area surrounding Bunker Lake. Close to the lake, the chaparral contains bracken fern, serviceberry, mountain ash, and western azalea. Emergent sedges and submersed quillwort are found in the lake.Edlund, E.G., 1996. Late Quaternary environmental history of montane forests of the Sierra Nevada. Doctoral dissertation. University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
CRATERBC Neotoma1034015713Crater Lake-120.09585049.192250Western North America2101RawLake99AWI-0.05812.916One of a pair of lakes on Crater Mountain, the more northly basin. Surrounding vegetation is parkland forest composed of: Picea engelmannii, Pinus contorta, Abies lasiocarpa. Low shrubs, (mainly Vaccinium scoparium,) herbs (mainly Lupinus arcticus), and grasses make up the understory.Heinrichs, M.L., Hebda, R.J., Walker, I.R. and Palmer, S.L., 2002. Postglacial paleoecology and inferred paleoclimate in the Engelmann spruce-subalpine fir forest of south-central British Columbia, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 184(3-4), pp.347-369.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(02)00274-2
DEADHORS Neotoma1034115715Dead Horse Lake-120.77500042.558000Western North America2251RawLake27AWI-0.04216.641Dead Horse Lake is located behind a late-Pleistocene moraine on Dead Horse Rim. Surrounding vegetation: The lake is located in the Tsuga mertensiana zone of the Sierran vegetation series. Surrounded by lodgepole pine, western white pine, and whitebark pine with little understory vegetation. Cercocarpus ledifolius, Artemisia tridentata, rock spirea, and gooseberry are present on rocky slopes near the southeastern lakeshore.Minckley, T.A., Whitlock, C. and Bartlein, P.J., 2007. Vegetation, fire, and climate history of the northwestern Great Basin during the last 14,000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 26(17-18), pp.2167-2184.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.04.009
DUNEAK Neotoma1034515724Dune Lake-149.89762564.421000Western North America134RawLake70AWI-0.04712.638Dune Lake lies within a sand dune field that formed 10,000 years ago when dune activity ceased. Surrounding vegetation: Picea/Betula dominated boreal forest. Open-canopy forest is located mostly on well drained south-facing dune slopes, where a mix of white spruce, paper birch, green alder, and occasional black spruce occurs. At the southern end of the lake there is a mixed community of white spruce, black spurce, and patches of hardwood species (paper birch and quaking aspen dominate).Bigelow, N.H., 1997. Late-Quaternary vegetation and climate in Central Alaska. Doctoral dissertation. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.Lynch, J.A., Clark, J.S., Bigelow, N.H., Edwards, M.E. and Finney, B.P., 2002. Geographic and temporal variations in fire history in boreal ecosystems of Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 108(D1), pp.8152.https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000332
GRASSYCA Neotoma1034915734Grassy Lake-120.66468539.700855Western North America1921RawLake26AWI-0.04115.186Grassy Lake lies in the glacially scoured 'Lakes Basin'. Surrounding vegetation: mixed conifer forest with red and white fir, Jeffrey pine, lodgepole pine, and western white pine. The lake margin is swampy. Quaking aspen, alder, and willow occur along the margin, while a variety of aquatic plants (sedges, pondweed, water lily, quillwort) grow in the lake itself.Edlund, E.G., 1996. Late Quaternary environmental history of montane forests of the Sierra Nevada. Doctoral dissertation. University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
HARRISSK Neotoma1035115738Harris Lake-109.90446049.666560Western North America1230RawLake119AWI0.24010.354Harris Lake is in a meltwater channel that formed approximately 12k years ago. Surrounding vegetation: North of the lake is mixed prairie, while a variety of other upland communities found in the Cypress Hills are also found near the lake.Sauchyn, M.A. and Sauchyn, D.J., 1991. A continuous record of Holocene pollen from Harris Lake, southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 88(1-2), pp.13-23.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(91)90012-G
LILYCA Neotoma1036115762Lily Lake-120.21001541.976925Western North America2047RawLake85AWI-0.04111.715Landslide-dammed lake in the northern Warner Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: Lily Lake lies in the pine-fir zone of the Sierran vegetation series. Forests surrounding the lake are composed of Abies concolor, Pinus ponderosa, Pinus contorta, Pinus monticola, Calocedrus decurrens, and Juniperus occidentalis. Also present in the watershed are Artemisia ludoviciana, Amelanchier pallida, Rosa woodsii, rock spirea, and gooseberry.Minckley, T.A., Whitlock, C. and Bartlein, P.J., 2007. Vegetation, fire, and climate history of the northwestern Great Basin during the last 14,000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 26(17-18), pp.2167-2184.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.04.009
LILYPDCA Neotoma1036315766Lilypad Lake-118.99407036.982290Western North America1982RawLake34AWI-0.04718.369Lake in an advanced stage of paludification. Surrounding vegetation: Dominated by ponderosa and jeffrey pine, along with firs, incense cedar, sugar pine, lodgepole pine, and a few black oaks. Alder and willow grow along the lake shore. Most open areas are covered by greenleaf manzanita. Common understory plants include Ceanothus, Ribes, and Symphoricarpos. Within the pond itself, sedges predominate at the margin, while the middle of the pond is densely packed with Nuphar polysepalum.Edlund, E.G., 1996. Late Quaternary environmental history of montane forests of the Sierra Nevada. Doctoral dissertation. University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
LOSTLKOR Neotoma1036415768Lost Lake-123.57930045.824085Western North America452RawLake47AWI-0.0628.508Lost Lake lies on a fault block 30 km east of the Pacific Ocean. Surrounding vegetation: Forest composed primarily of Tsuga heterophylla, Thuja plicata, and Alnus rubra with some Picea sitchensis and Abies grandis. Understory species include Salix spp., Rubus spectabilis, Acer circinatum, with Dryopteris spinulosa on more mesic settings and Pteridium aquillinum in drier disturbed areas.Long, C.J., Whitlock, C. and Bartlein, P.J., 2007. Holocene vegetation and fire history of the Coast Range, western Oregon, USA. The Holocene, 17(7), pp.917-926.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683607082408
MARTENS Neotoma1036615772Martens Slough (PL-77-20)-106.38129852.043500Western North America511RawPeat13AWI2.08813.086Slough. Physiography: Undulating till plain. Surrounding vegetation: Grasslands and farmland.Mott, R.J. and Christiansen, E.A., 1981. Palynological study of slough deposits from central Saskatchewan. Current Research, Geological Survey of Canada Paper, 21(1B), pp.133-136.
MCMURRAY_neotoma Neotoma1036815776McMurray Lake-120.64864039.460400Western North America1778RawLake32AWI-0.03914.859Surrounding vegetation: Dense forest of white and red fir, sugar pine, western white pine, and ponderosa pine. Black oak and incense cedar are also present near the lake. Alder is common along the southern lake margin.Edlund, E.G., 1996. Late Quaternary environmental history of montane forests of the Sierra Nevada. Doctoral dissertation. University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
MONOLK Neotoma1036915778Mono Lake-119.02550038.007950Western North America1945RawLake47AWI-0.03313.151Mono Lake is a large hypersaline lake at the heart of a closed basin. Surrounding vegetation: Sagebrush scrub. In riparian areas: jeffrey and lodgepole pine, aspen, black cottonwood, willow, wild rose, sweet sage, lupine, and desert paintbrush.Davis, O.K., 1999. Pollen analysis of a late-glacial and Holocene sediment core from Mono Lake, Mono County, California. Quaternary Research, 52(2), pp.243-249.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1999.2063
MORAINBC Neotoma1037015781Moraine Bog-124.90000051.330000Western North America891RawBog27AWI-0.0684.602Small wetland that occupies a closed depression, located north of Tiedemann Glacier. It is bordered on the southwest by the outermost lateral moraine. Surrounding vegetation: Tsuga mertensiana and Abies amabilis dominate the surrounding forest. Abies lasiocarpa, Picea engelmannii, Tsuga heterophylla, and Pinus monticola are also locally present. The understorey consists mainly of Alnus viridis shrubs and a variety of ferns. Sphagnum is present on the wetland surface. Cyperaceae and Menyanthes trifoliata colonize small wet patches in the wetland and open shallow water supports Nuphar lutea.Arsenault, T.A., Clague, J.J. and Mathewes, R.W., 2007. Late Holocene vegetation and climate change at Moraine Bog, Tiedemann Glacier, southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 44(5), pp.707-719.https://doi.org/10.1139/e06-135
MS-74-11 Neotoma1037115783Moraine Lake-124.47000071.860000Western North America30RawLake55AWI-0.05012.679Small lake on moraine, possibly kettle lake. Near the south coast of Banks Island. Surrounding vegetation: Shrub and herb tundra plants.
MS-74-12 Neotoma1037215785Stewert Point Pond-120.22000072.351500Western North America220RawLake33AWI0.30412.158Small lake near the east coast of Banks Island. Physiography: Hilly glacial deposits. Surrounding vegetation: Herb and shrub tundra plants.Wang, X.C., 1991. Holocene pollen records of Banks Island, Northwest territories, Canada. A report to the Geological Survey of Canada in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Contract 23397-0-1626/01-SZ, Geological Survey of Canada.
MS-74-15 Neotoma1037415789Caribou Lake (MS-74-15)-120.27650073.513900Western North America120RawLake62AWI0.12216.230Small lake in rolling glacial terrain. Surrounding vegetation: Herb and shrub tundra plants.Wang, X.C., 1991. Holocene pollen records of Banks Island, Northwest territories, Canada. A report to the Geological Survey of Canada in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Contract 23397-0-1626/01-SZ, Geological Survey of Canada.
NUTELLA Neotoma1038515811Nutella Lake-147.39172063.052000Western North America931RawLake23AWI-0.0497.450Treeline altitude lake. Surrounding vegetation: Mesic shrub and heath tundra mixture.Rohr, M., 2001. Paleoenvironmental changes at treeline: A 6,500 year long pollen and stable isotope record. Master's thesis. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.Edwards, M.E. and Rohr, M., 2005. A 6500-year long pollen record at treeline from Swampbuggy and Nutella Lakes in central Alaska: Pollen records. Bonanza Creek Long-term Ecological Research website.
SWAMPBUG Neotoma1038615814Swampbuggy Lake-147.42066063.054550Western North America813RawLake38AWI-0.0648.196Treeline altitude lake. Surrounding vegetation: Open forest. Mesic shrub tundra of mostly alder and some birch.Rohr, M., 2001. Paleoenvironmental changes at treeline: A 6,500 year long pollen and stable isotope record. Master's thesis. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.Edwards, M.E. and Rohr, M., 2005. A 6500-year long pollen record at treeline from Swampbuggy and Nutella Lakes in central Alaska: Pollen records. Bonanza Creek Long-term Ecological Research website.
TOPLAKE Neotoma1040815872Top Lake-130.94489554.476010Western North America33RawLake35AWI-0.04415.903Top Lake is surrounded by blanket bog, rocky outcrops, and some steep areas with scrub forest. Surrounding vegetation: Callitropsis nootkatensis, Pinus contorta, Tsuga heterophylla, Taxus brevifolia, Gaultheria shallon, Ledum, Veratrum viride, Lysichiton americanum, Nuphar polysepalum, Pteridium aquilinum, Empetrum nigrum, Blechnum spicant, Eriophorum chamissonis, Kalmia microphylla occidentalis, Myrica gale, Pinguicula villosa, Vaccinium uliginosum, Viola langsdorfii, and several Sphagnum species.McLaren, D., Hebda, R.J. and Mackie, Q., 2008. Dundas Island Archipelago vegetation history as reconstructed through pollen analysi. Society for American Archaeology Annual Conference, Society for American Archaeology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.McLaren, D., 2008. Sea level change and archaeological site locations on the Dundas Island Archipelago of north coastal British Columbia. Doctoral dissertation. University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
TULARECA Neotoma1041015876Tulare Lake-119.78000036.052000Western North America55RawLake83AWI-0.03229.531At its historic maximum (AD 1770-1850), Tulare Lake was the largest body of fresh water in the United States west of the Mississippi. Diversion of inflowing streams for agriculture resulted in its demise. Surrounding vegetation (pre-settlement): Mosaic of grassland and oak savanna. Scirpus marsh lined the southern margin of the lake and saltbrush scrub covered much of the eastern and western margins.Davis, O.K., 1999. Pollen analysis of Tulare Lake, California: Great Basin-like vegetation in Central California during the full-glacial and early Holocene. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 107(3-4), pp.249-257.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-6667(99)00020-2
TUMALO Neotoma1041115878Tumalo Lake-121.54250044.021950Western North America1543RawLake34AWI-0.05211.854Tumalo Lake lies at the head of a small glacial trough on the eastern flank of the Cascade Range. Surrounding vegetation: dominant arboreal species include Abies grandis, A. amabilis, Picea engelmannii, along with scattered Tsuga mertesiana on moist slopes and Pinus contorta, P. ponderosa, and some P. monticola on dry slopes. Common nonarboreal species include Ceanothus velutinus, Arctostaphylos nevadensis, with Stipa occidentalis and occasional Epilobium angustifolium on open slopes. Shrub and herb cover is minimal under closed pine and fir canopies.Long, C.J., Power, M.J. and Bartlein, P.J., 2011. The effects of fire and tephra deposition on forest vegetation in the central Cascades, Oregon. Quaternary Research, 75(1), pp.151-158.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.08.010
WOODSBC Neotoma1042115902Woods Lake-127.26932551.004365Western North America2RawLake52AWI0.01814.345Woods Lake is a small freshwater lake that lies approximately 30 m from the southern shoreline of Seymour Inlet. Surrounding vegetation: Tsuga heterophylla, Picea sitchensis, and Thuja plicata along with Gaultheria shallon in the understory. Poaceae, Cyperaceae, and Gaultheria shallon are common around the lakeshore, with intermittent Ledum groenlandicum and mosses.Stolze, S., Roe, H.M., Patterson, R.T. and Monecke, T., 2007. A record of Lateglacial and Holocene vegetation and climate change from Woods Lake, Seymour Inlet, coastal British Columbia, Canada. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 147(1-4), pp.112-127.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2007.07.002Stolze, S., 2004. A record of late quaternary vegetation and climate change from Woods Lake, Seymour Inlet, coastal British Columbia, Canada. Master's thesis. Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
STONEMAN Neotoma1044915967Stoneman Lake-111.51777534.778865Western North America2047RawLake24AWI-0.04510.140Lies within a caldera. Physiography: southern edge of the Colorado Plateau. Surrounding vegetation: ponderosa pine.Hasbargen, J., 1994. A Holocene paleoclimatic and environmental record from Stoneman Lake, Arizona. Quaternary Research, 42(2), pp.188-196.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1994.1068Hasbargen, J., 1993. The plaeoenvironment of Stoneman Lake, Arizona. Master's thesis. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA.
FAREWELL Neotoma1045015970Farewell Lake-153.64882062.559145Western North America320RawLake47AWI-0.06012.868Large lake, glacial origin. Physiography: Moraine and outwash covered piedmont. Surrounding vegetation: Picea sp., Betula papyrifera, Populus sp.Hu, F.S., Brubaker, L.B. and Anderson, P.M., 1996. Boreal ecosystem development in the northwestern Alaska range since 11,000 yr BP. Quaternary Research, 45(2), pp.188-201.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1996.0019
GRANDPOP Neotoma1045315976Grandfather Lake-158.53995059.796230Western North America142RawLake40AWI-0.04015.686Moraine-dammed lake. Physiography: Uplands bordering Nushagak Lowland. Surrounding vegetation: Picea glauca, dense Alnus thickets.Hu, F.S., Brubaker, L.B. and Anderson, P.M., 1995. Postglacial vegetation and climate change in the northern Bristol Bay region, southwestern Alaska. Quaternary Research, 43(3), pp.382-392.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1995.1044
SECRET Neotoma1046516016Secret Valley Marsh-120.26505040.572000Western North America1359RawMarsh38AWI-0.05211.473Marsh at north end of Secret Valley. Physiography: Great Basin, volcanic landscape. Surrounding vegetation: Scirpus, Typha, Carex, Juncus.West, G.J. and McGuire, K.R., 2002. 9,500 years of burning recorded in a high desert marsh. In: Spring-fed Wetlands: Important Scientific and Cultural Resources of the Intermountain Region Conference Proceedings.
LTWILLOW Neotoma1047316054Little Willow Lake-121.38993540.411500Western North America1829RawLake65AWI0.00116.248Volcanic basin. Physiography: Cascade volcano field. Surrounding vegetation: lodgepole pine, mountain hemlock. Local vegetation at site: marsh.West, G.J., 2003, April. A late Pleistocene-Holocene pollen record of vegetation change from Little Willow Lake, Lassen Volcanic National Park, California. In: Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Pacific Climate Workshop, Asilomar Conference Grounds, Pacific Grove, California (pp. 65-80).
CEDARCA Neotoma1047616061Cedar Lake-122.49710041.207280Western North America1737RawLake52AWI0.12912.428Alpine lake. Physiography: Trinity Divide. Surrounding vegetation: pine, fir, cedar, various Ericaceae.West, G.J., 1989. Late Pleistocene/Holocene vegetation and climate. In: Prehistory of the Sacramento River Canyon, Shasta County, California ed. by M.E. Basgall and W.R. Hildebrandt. Center for Archaeological Research at Davis, Davis, California, USA.
ELKHORN Neotoma1047716063Elkhorn Slough-121.76415036.825350Western North America0RawRiver20AWI-0.0366.454Estuarine. Physiography: relic river valley with tectonic action. Surrounding vegetation: Salicornia, Scirpus, Typha, saltgrass.Dietz, S.A., Hildebrandt, W.R. and Jones, T., 1988. Archaeological investigations at Elkhorn Slough: CA-MNT-229 A Middle Period site on the central California coast. Papers in Northern California Anthropology, Northern California Anthropological Group, Berkeley, California, USA.
PILOTRDG Neotoma1047816065CA-HUM-558 (Pilot Ridge)-123.66910040.661700Western North America1250RawPeat37AWI0.0605.482Marsh. Physiography: North Coast Ranges. Surrounding vegetation: Douglas fir, pine, oak, cedar, white fir.Hildebrandt, W.R. and Hayes, J.F., 1983. Archaeological investigations on Pilot Ridge Six Rivers National Forest. U.S. Forest Service Contract 53-9JHA-2-140, Anthropological Studies Center Sonoma State University and Center for Anthropological Research San Jose State University, San Jose, California, USA.
TULE Neotoma1048216073Tule Lake-123.03548039.489633Western North America1340RawLake24AWI-0.0319.838Landslide dammed lake. Physiography: Klamath Ranges, mountain ridges. Surrounding vegetation: sedges, pine, fir, oak, cedar.West, G.J., 1982. Pollen analysis of sediments from Tule Lake: A record of Holocene vegetation/climatic changes in the Mendocino National Forest, California. In: Proceedings of the Symposium of Climate and Archeology of California's Coast and Desert. San Diego, California, USA.West, G.J., 1993. The late Pleistocene-Holocene pollen record and prehistory of California's north coast ranges. In: There Grows a Green Tree: Papers in Honor of David A Fredrickson ed. by G. White, P. Mikkelsen, W.R. Hildebrandt, and M.E. Basgall (pp.219-235). Center for Archaeological Research, Davis, California, USA.
GRASSCA Neotoma1048316075Grass Lake-122.16715041.649600Western North America1537RawLake184AWI0.51635.183Valley blocked by volcanic deposits. Physiography: Cascade Range. Surrounding vegetation: pine, juniper, sagebrush.Hakala, K.J. and Adam, D.P., 2004. Late Pleistocene vegetation and climate in the southern Cascade Range and the Modoc Plateau region. Journal of Paleolimnology, 31(2), pp.189-215.https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOPL.0000019231.58234.fb
COOKBANK Neotoma1049316096Cook Bank-128.40000051.000000Western North America0RawMarine3AWI11.48411.888Paleosol with rooted conifer remains at a water depth of 95 m. This terrestrial surface on the continental shelf was exposed when relative sea level was 95 m lower than modern. Modern physiography: submarine valley.Lacourse, T., Mathewes, R.W. and Fedje, D.W., 2003. Paleoecology of late-glacial terrestrial deposits with in situ conifers from the submerged continental shelf of western Canada. Quaternary Research, 60(2), pp.180-188.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0033-5894(03)00083-8Luternauer, J.L., Clague, J.J., Conway, K.W., Barrie, J.V., Blaise, B. and Mathewes, R.W., 1989. Late Pleistocene terrestrial deposits on the continental shelf of western Canada: Evidence for rapid sea-level change at the end of the last glaciation. Geology, 17(4), pp.357-360.https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017%3C0357:LPTDOT%3E2.3.CO;2
LOGANIN Neotoma1049416099Logan Inlet-131.68972252.780417Western North America0RawMarine26AWI11.46513.316Formerly subaerial basin. Physiography: Submerged shelf.LaCourse, T. and Mathewes, R.W., 2005. Terrestrial paleoecology of Haida Gwaii and the continental shelf: Vegetation, climate, and plant resources of the coastal migration route. In: Haida Gwaii: Human History and Environment from the Time of Loon to the Time of the Iron People ed. by D.W. Fedje and R.W. Mathewes (pp.38-58). UBC Press, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.Lacourse, T., 2004. A Late-Pleistocene pollen record from the continental shelf of western Canada. Current Research in the Pleistocene, 21, pp.87-89.
GRAYSGL1 Neotoma1050016111Grays Lake-111.43795043.066190Western North America1195RawLake135AWI1.47069.607Tectonic origin. Physiography: lava flows and sedimentary rocks. Surrounding vegetation: marsh, scirpus americanus.Beiswenger, J.M., 1987. Late quaternary vegetational history of Grays Lake, Idaho and the Ice Slough, Wyoming. Doctoral dissertation. University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.Beiswenger, J.M., 1991. Late quaternary vegetational history of Grays Lake, Idaho. Ecological Monographs, 61(2), pp.165-182.https://doi.org/10.2307/1943006
GRAYSGL6 Neotoma1050016113Grays Lake-111.43795043.066190Western North America1195RawLake56AWI4.84466.739Tectonic origin. Physiography: lava flows and sedimentary rocks. Surrounding vegetation: marsh, scirpus americanus.Beiswenger, J.M., 1987. Late quaternary vegetational history of Grays Lake, Idaho and the Ice Slough, Wyoming. Doctoral dissertation. University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.Beiswenger, J.M., 1991. Late quaternary vegetational history of Grays Lake, Idaho. Ecological Monographs, 61(2), pp.165-182.https://doi.org/10.2307/1943006
LOSPENAS Neotoma1050116115Los Penasquitos Lagoon-117.25287032.931121Western North America0RawLagoon17AWI-0.0213.820Medium sized estuary. Physiography: Estuary. Surrounding vegetation: Pinus torreyana.Cole, K.L. and Wahl, E., 2000. A late Holocene paleoecological record from Torrey Pines state reserve, California. Quaternary Research, 53(3), pp.341-351.https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1999.2121
MISSIONX Neotoma1050716131Mission Cross Bog-115.48365041.784700Western North America2424RawLake41AWI-0.0259.845Spring-fed fen. Growing on the fen are Sphagnum, sedges, Menyanthes trifoliata, Pedicularis groenlandica, Thalictrum spp., and Salix spp. On the northern slope bordering the fen, fields of Balsamorhiza sagittata grow with Lupinus. To the east, south, and west are scattered stands of Populus tremuloides.Thompson, R.S., 1984. Late Pleistocene and Holocene environments in the Great Basin. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
RUBYMRSH Neotoma1050816133Ruby Marsh-115.50490041.133950Western North America1818RawRiver64AWI-0.03337.954Spring-fed marsh/shallow lake. Physiography: valley bottom near toeslope. Surrounding vegetation: Artemisia, Chrysothamnus, Juniperus, Pinus. Local vegetation: Dasyphora, Distichilis, Juncus, Typha.Thompson, R.S., 1984. Late Pleistocene and Holocene environments in the Great Basin. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.Thompson, R.S., 1992. Late Quaternary environments in Ruby Valley, Nevada. Quaternary Research, 37(1), pp.1-15.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(92)90002-ZThompson, R.S., Toolin, L.J., Forester, R.M. and Spencer, R.J., 1990. Accelerator-mass spectrometer (AMS) radiocarbon dating of Pleistocene lake sediments in the Great Basin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 78(3-4), pp.301-313.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(90)90219-W
BENICIA Neotoma1051916184Benicia State Park-122.19305638.073472Western North America0RawMarsh26AWI-0.0181.469Tidal marsh. Physiography: San Francisco Bay estuary, north side. Surrounding vegetation: Salicornia virginica, Distichlis spicata.Malamud-Roam, F. and Ingram, B.L., 2004. Late Holocene 13C and pollen records of paleosalinity from tidal marshes in the San Francisco Bay estuary, California. Quaternary Research, 62(2), pp.134-145.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2004.02.011
CHINACMP Neotoma1052016186China Camp-122.49333338.007500Western North America0RawMarsh33AWI0.0053.710Tidal marsh. Physiography: San Pablo Bay, SF Bay estuary. Surrounding vegetation: Scirpus spp, Typha latifolia, Salicornia virginica.Goman, M., Malamud-Roam, F. and Ingram, B.L., 2008. Holocene environmental history and evolution of a tidal salt marsh in San Francisco Bay, California. Journal of Coastal Research, 24(5), pp.1126-1137.https://doi.org/10.2112/08A-0005.1Malamud-Roam, F. and Ingram, B.L., 2004. Late Holocene 13C and pollen records of paleosalinity from tidal marshes in the San Francisco Bay estuary, California. Quaternary Research, 62(2), pp.134-145.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2004.02.011
MOUNTAIN Neotoma1052216197Mountain Lake-122.47076537.788260Western North America37RawLake54AWI-0.0511.618Dune lake carved by wind action. Physiography: Relic dune field, low hills. Surrounding vegetation: Monterey Pine, Blue gum, Cypress, Willow.Reidy, L.M., 2001. Evidence of environmental change over the last 2000 years at Mountain Lake, in the northern San Francisco Peninsula, California. Master's thesis. University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
BLACKMTN Neotoma1053116222Black Mountain Lake-107.23536037.846820Western North America3413RawLake32AWI8.98415.073High elevation lake 100-15 m below timberline in the San Juan Mountains. Local vegetation Picea engelmannii/Abies lasiocarpa forest.Jodry, M.A.B., 1999. Paleoindian stage paleoecological records. In: Colorado prehistory: a context for the Rio Grande Basin ed. by M.A. Martorano, T. Hoeffer III, M.A. Jodry, V. Spero, and M.L. Taylor (pp.12-26). Colorado Council of Professional Archaeologists, Denver, Colorado, USA.Jodry, M.A.B., 1999. Folsom technological and socioeconomic strategies: views from Stewart's Cattle Guard and the Upper Rio Grande Basin, Colorado. Doctoral dissertation. American University, Washington, D.C., USA.Reasoner, M.A. and Jodry, M.A., 2000. Rapid response of alpine timberline vegetation to the Younger Dryas climate oscillation in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA. Geology, 28(1), pp.51-54.https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28%3C51:RROATV%3E2.0.CO;2
SKYPOND Neotoma1053216224Sky Pond-105.66917040.277895Western North America3320RawLake34AWI9.02514.230Cirque lake directly above timberline. Physiography: Black Mountains.Reasoner, M.A. and Jodry, M.A., 2000. Rapid response of alpine timberline vegetation to the Younger Dryas climate oscillation in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA. Geology, 28(1), pp.51-54.https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28%3C51:RROATV%3E2.0.CO;2
REDGREEN Neotoma1053716236Red Green Lake-149.68123568.654210Western North America668RawLake38AWI-0.0498.474Irregular topography, coarse soils. Physiography: Arctic Foothills. Surrounding vegetation: Sedges, prostrate shrubs, mosses.Oswald, W.W., Brubaker, L.B., Hu, F.S. and Kling, G.W., 2003. Holocene pollen records from the central Arctic Foothills, northern Alaska: testing the role of substrate in the response of tundra to climate change. Journal of Ecology, 91(6), pp.1034-1048.https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00833.x
TUKUTO Neotoma1053816238Tukuto Lake-157.03010068.498800Western North America505RawLake72AWI0.02236.605Rolling hills within morainal ridges. Physiography: Arctic Foothills. Surrounding vegetation: Betula, Eriophorum, Vaccinum, Ledum, Salix.Oswald, W.W., Brubaker, L.B. and Anderson, P.M., 1999. Late Quaternary vegetational history of the Howard Pass area, northwestern Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany, 77(4), pp.570-581.https://doi.org/10.1139/b99-027
UPPERCAP Neotoma1053916241Upper Capsule Lake-149.41692568.631444Western North America805RawLake48AWI-0.05512.045Gently rolling topography, fine soils. Physiography: Arctic Foothills. Surrounding vegetation: Dwarf shrubs, tussock sedge, sphagnum.Oswald, W.W., Brubaker, L.B., Hu, F.S. and Kling, G.W., 2003. Holocene pollen records from the central Arctic Foothills, northern Alaska: testing the role of substrate in the response of tundra to climate change. Journal of Ecology, 91(6), pp.1034-1048.https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00833.x
CYCLOID1 Neotoma52717292Cycloid Lake-105.26666755.266667Western North America369RawLake39AWI-0.05410.145NAMott, R.J., 1973. Palynological studies in central Saskatchewan. Pollen stratigraphy from lake sediment sequences. Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, pp.49-72.
CLEVELND Neotoma1156017296Lake Cleveland-113.64955042.321290Western North America2519RawLake32AWI-0.03116.407Cirque lake which is morainally dammed. Physiography: Mount Harrison, south edge of Snake River Plain. Surrounding vegetation: Abies lasiocarpa, Pinus contorta.Davis, O.K., 1981. Vegetation migration in southern Idaho during the late Quaternary and Holocene. Doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Davis, O.K., Sheppard, J.C. and Robertson, S., 1986. Contrasting climatic histories for the Snake River Plain, Idaho, resulting from multiple thermal maxima. Quaternary Research, 26(3), pp.321-339.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(86)90093-1
MIDBUTTE Neotoma358517298Middle Butte Cave-112.61666743.366667Western North America1590RawCave21AWI3.18834.476NADavis, O.K., Sheppard, J.C. and Robertson, S., 1986. Contrasting climatic histories for the Snake River Plain, Idaho, resulting from multiple thermal maxima. Quaternary Research, 26(3), pp.321-339.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(86)90093-1McDonald, H.G., Anderson, E., White, J.A. and Soiset, J.M., 1980. Lava blisters as carnivore traps. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs 12, p.280.
IDAVAIN Neotoma1157117320Idavain Lake-155.94509558.772294Western North America223RawLake57AWI-0.01017.274NABrubaker, L.B., Anderson, P.M. and Hu, F.S., 2001. Vegetation ecotone dynamics in southwest Alaska during the late Quaternary. Quaternary Science Reviews, 20(1-3), pp.175-188.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00124-4
SNIPE Neotoma1157217322Snipe Lake-154.30347560.626010Western North America579RawLake28AWI0.33714.406Morainally dammed lake. Physiography: rolling foothills. Surrounding vegetation: open Picea forest and Betula/Alnus shrub tundra. Isolated stands of Picea glauca occur in mixtures with Betula glandulosa shrubs and Alnus crispa thickets.Brubaker, L.B., Anderson, P.M. and Hu, F.S., 2001. Vegetation ecotone dynamics in southwest Alaska during the late Quaternary. Quaternary Science Reviews, 20(1-3), pp.175-188.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00124-4
IMNAVAIT Neotoma1157317324Imnavait Creek-149.35878768.666190Western North America875RawBog24AWI0.17912.954String bog formed in creek basin. Physiography: surrounded by till-covered hills. Surrounding vegetation: Dwarf birch, Cyperaceae.Eisner, W.R., 1991. Palynological analysis of a peat core from Imnavait Creek, the North Slope, Alaska. Arctic, 44, pp.279-282.
OILLAKE Neotoma1157417326Oil Lake-151.16680670.292222Western North America745RawLake41AWI-0.04759.805Lake basin overlying mid-Pleistocene til. Physiography: rolling uplands, Brooks Range foothills. Surrounding vegetation: various tundra communities.Eisner, W.R. and Colinvaux, P.A., 1992. Late Quaternary pollen records from Oil Lake and Feniak Lake, Alaska, USA. Arctic and Alpine Research, 24(1), pp.56-63.https://doi.org/10.2307/1551320
SANDSZ Neotoma1157517328Sands of Time Lake-147.55331066.029335Western North America242RawLake35AWI-0.05026.775Lake in swale between low hills. Physiography: gently rolling loess mantled upland. Surrounding vegetation: black and white spruce forest.Edwards, M.E. and Barker Jr, E.D., 1994. Climate and vegetation in northeastern Alaska 18,000 yr BP-present. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 109(2-4), pp.127-135.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(94)90172-4
SITHYLEM Neotoma1157917338Sithylemenkat Lake-151.39155566.123990Western North America213RawLake51AWI0.16916.877NAAnderson, P.M., Reanier, R.E. and Brubaker, L.B., 1990. A 14,000-year pollen record from Sithylemenkat Lake, north-central Alaska. Quaternary Research, 33(3), pp.400-404.https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(90)90065-S
WINDMILB Neotoma1158517352Windmill Lake-148.80525063.658900Western North America615RawLake85AWI0.05316.518In moraine-dammed bedrock basin w/sedge. Physiography: moraine-mantled diabase ridge. Surrounding vegetation: birch, spruce, willow, tussocks.Bigelow, N.H., 1997. Late-Quaternary vegetation and climate in Central Alaska. Doctoral dissertation. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.
BLAIR Neotoma1158617354Blair Lakes-147.36816564.360080Western North America257RawLake19AWI0.18513.689Surrounding vegetation: Picea, Betula, Populus, Salix, Alnus. Northern boreal forest.
CLAMGULC Neotoma1158817357Clam Gulch-151.36293560.223930Western North America86RawLake25AWI1.4878.871Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana, Betula papyrifera, Alnus.
EIGHTMIL Neotoma1158917359Eightmile Lake-149.25180063.888645Western North America648RawLake14AWI0.0329.307Physiography: Northern foothills of the Alaska Range. Vegetation at the site is dominated by the tussock-forming sedge, Eriophorum vaginatum, and deciduous shrub, Vaccinium uliginosum
HOMER Neotoma1159617375Homer Beach-151.51190059.633900Western North America10RawMarine26AWI0.11113.865NA
LONGMERE Neotoma1159717377Longmere Lake-150.90992060.500895Western North America78RawLake48AWI0.00013.299NA
MOSQML1 Neotoma1159917381Mosquito Pond-145.54015063.986445Western North America379RawLake17AWI0.08711.559NA
OTTO_neotoma Neotoma1160017383Otto Lake-149.03557563.842250Western North America548RawLake34AWI-0.0186.587NA
WATANA Neotoma1160117385Watana Triangle Pond-148.24701062.842885Western North America546RawLake24AWI0.15416.399NA
ZAGOSKIN Neotoma1160417391Zagoskin Lake-162.10838063.448470Western North America7RawLake151AWI0.05143.037Maar crater. Physiography: Basalt flows and pyroclastic deposits. Surrounding vegetation: Dwarf birch, blueberry, willow, sedges.Ager, T.A., 2003. Late Quaternary vegetation and climate history of the central Bering land bridge from St. Michael Island, western Alaska. Quaternary Research, 60(1), pp.19-32.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0033-5894(03)00068-1
SOUTHMEL Neotoma1160817400South Lake-121.42854069.080765Western North America775RawLake22AWI-0.04615.445Lake appears to have resulted from impoundment by glacial deposits that run along its sourth shore. Surrounding vegetation: Herb tundra with scattered willows (Salix arctica). Dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa) is widespread in the surrounding lowlands.Ruhland, K., Jacques, J.M.S., Beierle, B.D., Lamoureux, S.F., Dyke, A.S. and Smol, J.P., 2009. Lateglacial and Holocene paleoenvironmental changes recorded in lake sediments, Brock Plateau (Melville Hills), Northwest Territories, Canada. The Holocene, 19(7), pp.1005-1016.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683609340999
LITSWIFT Neotoma1160917402Little Swift Lake-159.76567060.216475Western North America572RawLake35AWI0.00012.814Lake at the mouth of a valley tributary. Dammed by a lateral moraine. Surrounding vegetation: Betula nana, Salix spp., Polypodiaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, Lycopodium, Sphagnum.Axford, Y. and Kaufman, D.S., 2004. Late glacial and Holocene glacier and vegetation fluctuations at Little Swift Lake, Southwestern Alaska, USA. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 36(2), pp.139-146.https://doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(2004)036%5B0139:LGAHGA%5D2.0.CO;2
CUMBRES Neotoma1161717419Cumbres Bog-106.45052037.021745Western North America3100RawBog75AWI0.26819.798Cumbres Bog lies ~40 km south of the upper Conejos River Valley, in the San Juan Mountains, and is situated near the headwaters of the Cumbres River. The small basin containing the bog is elevated slightly above the Cumbres River with no fluvial inputs. The bog is dammed by a recessional moraine formed by the Cumbres Glacier during the LGM. Surrounding vegetation: Modern vegetation in the San Juan Mountains is characterized. by Pinus edulis (Colorado pinon) - Juniperus monosperma (oneseed juniper) woodlands that occur on the lower slopes of the range from ~1800 to 2400 m. An upper montane coniferous forest, from ~2400 to 2700 m, features Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas fir), Abies concolor (white fir), Pinus strobiformis. (southwestern white pine), Pinus ponderosa (ponderosa pine), Picea pungens (Colorado blue spruce), Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen), Quercus gambelii (Gambel oak) and Acer glabrum (Rocky Mountain maple). Above 2700 m, a subalpine coniferous forest occurs with Picea engelmannii (Engelmann spruce) and Abies lasiocarpa (subalpine fir) as the most diagnostic trees. Vegetation above ~3500 m (treeline) is characterized by alpine tundra.Johnson, B.G., 2010. Alpine and subalpine landscape response to post-glacial climate change in the San Juan mountains: A comparison of new landscape and climate records. Doctoral dissertation. University of North Carolina, Charlotte, North Caroline, USA.Johnson, B.G., Eppes, M.C., Diemer, J.A., Jimenez-Moreno, G. and Layzell, A.L., 2011. Post-glacial landscape response to climate variability in the southeastern San Juan Mountains of Colorado, USA. Quaternary Research, 76(3), pp.352-362.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2011.08.006
LAKEASK Neotoma1174717711Lake A-105.05531555.331190Western North America378RawLake62AWI-0.03310.997Small unnamed lake alongside the road. The lake is surrounded by predominantly black spruce forest. Much of the area surrounding the lake is covered by treed black spruce bog or open muskeg.Wilson, M.A., 1981. The climatic and vegetational history of the postglacial in central Saskatchewan. Doctoral dissertation. University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
NANISKAK Neotoma1174817713West Naniskak Lake-104.93860555.430905Western North America418RawLake40AWI-0.0309.565West Naniskak Lake is the western basin of the Naniskak Lakes. The lake is surrounded by coniferous forest, with the dominant species being jackpine and aspen. There are some small areas of treed muskeg (black spruce bog) near to the lake, the main one being at the north end.Wilson, M.A., 1981. The climatic and vegetational history of the postglacial in central Saskatchewan. Doctoral dissertation. University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
KEALIA Neotoma1178617832Kealia Pond-156.47535520.794290Western North America0RawLake34AWI0.0092.614Coastal lagoon with a sandy beach barrier. Surrounding vegetation: primarily Batis maritima (pickleweed) with a few isolated individuals of Prosopis pallida (kiawe) and Acacia farnesiana (klu) along the sand dunes to the south. Large sugarcane fields surround the site to the northwest.Pau, S., MacDonald, G.M. and Gillespie, T.W., 2012. A dynamic history of climate change and human impact on the environment from Kealia Pond, Maui, Hawaiian Islands. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 102(4), pp.748-762.https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2011.652853
PELONCIL Neotoma1179217859Peloncillo Mountains-109.09416732.289083Western North America1400RawPeat36AWI0.08834.041The Peloncillo Mountains Wilderness Area is part of the Mexican Highland section of the Basin and Range Physiographic Province, which is characterized by several northwest-southeast trending fault-block ranges separated by closed topographic basins. Vegetation in the valleys and along the bajadas consists of Larrea tridentata with lesser amounts of Prosopis glandulosa, Acacia constricta, Flournesia. cernua, and Atriplex canescens. Hillslope. vegetation is dominated by L. tridentata, A. constricta, Parthenium incanum, F. cernua, Opuntia, Fouquieria splendens, Isocoma tenuisecta, and Pleuraphis cf. mutica. Other hillslope vegetation includes a variety of. shrubs and herbs (Abutilon incanum, Acacia greggii,Acourtia nana, Asclepias linearis, Calliandra, Castilleja, Celtis pallida, Cryptantha, Dasylirion wheeleri, Daucus, Descurainia, Ephedra trifurca, Eriogonum, Gutierrezia sarothrae, Hibiscus, Lepidium, Nolina. microcarpa, Plantago, Rhus microphylla, Senecio, Senna, Simmondsia chinensis, Sphaeralcea, Trixis californica, and Ziziphus obtusifolia), cacti and succulents. (Cylindropuntia spinosior, Opuntia phaeacanthatype, Opuntia leptocaulis, Mammilllaria, Peniocereus greggii, Ferocactus wislizenii, Yucca baccata, and Yucca. elata), and grasses (Aristida, Bothriochloa barbinodis, Bouteloua curtipendula, and Bouteloua gracilis). Juniperus cf. coahuilensis and Quercus cf. turbinella are rare, but present at the higher elevations in our study area. Near our midden sites, Celtis reticulata and Sapindus drummondii are each represented by a single. tree along a small mesic rock shelf with an intermittent spring. The presence of S. chinensis is notable because it represents an outlier population of this species, lying. 40 km east of the nearest populations.Holmgren, C.A., Betancourt, J.L. and Rylander, K.A., 2006. A 36,000-yr vegetation history from the Peloncillo Mountains, southeastern Arizona, USA. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 240(3-4), pp.405-422.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.02.017
MITKOF Neotoma1185417945Mitkof Island-132.93624056.811570Western North America20RawPeat32AWI-0.05512.729Peat deposits near Petersburg, on Mitkof Island in the southern Alexander Archipelago of southeastern Alaska. Mitkof Island is separated from the west flank of the Coast Mountains of southeastern Alaska and by Frederick Sound to the east and north. Kupreanof Island lies immediately west of Mitkof Island. Surrounding vegetation: Most of Mitkof Island is covered by Pacific coastal rainforest interspersed with muskeg (bog and fen peatlands). The most common tree species on the island are western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis). Mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) is common, particularly in upland forests. Also present are shore pine (Pinus. contorta ssp. contorta), yellow cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis), and occasional red cedar (Thuja plicata). Red alder trees (Alnus rubra) and Sitka alder shrubs (Alnus crispa ssp. sinuata) are important elements of the island's vegetation. Red alder trees are common in lowlands, while Sitka alder shrubs often form dense thickets along rocky coastlines, along stream banks, in avalanche scars, at forest edges, and in the subalpine zone.Ager, T.A., Carrara, P.E., Smith, J.L., Anne, V. and Johnson, J., 2010. Postglacial vegetation history of Mitkof Island, Alexander Archipelago, southeastern Alaska. Quaternary Research, 73(2), pp.259-268.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2009.12.005
BLUENV Neotoma1192418106Blue Lakes-118.71713541.679460Western North America2437RawLake60AWI0.2283.602The Blue Lakes are located in the Pine Forest Mountains of northwest, NV. The surrounding vegetation composition is variable; limber pine, sagebrush (Artemisia sp.), mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius), and grasses dominate most of the upland vegetation. Spatially, sagebrush steppe dominates the southeastfacing slope and a limber-pine forest the northwest-facing slope. Immediately surrounding the lakes is a quaking-aspen (Populus tremuloides) fringe.Shriver, R.K. and Minckley, T.A., 2012. Late-Holocene response of limber pine (Pinus flexilis) forests to fire disturbance in the Pine Forest Range, Nevada, USA. Quaternary Research, 78(3), pp.465-473.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2012.07.010
NEL03 Neotoma1192518108NEL03-116.90500049.496405Western North America2074RawLake39AWI-0.0519.602NEL03 (unofficial name) is a small, subalpine cirque lake. The lake is within the Engelmann spruce-subalpine fir wet cold forest zone, dominated by subalpine fir (A. lasiocarpa), subalpine larch (Larix lyallii), Engelmann spruce (P. engelmannii); and some whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis). Arboreal coverage is moderately dense and there is a significant understory of herbs, forbs, sedges, grasses and shrubs.Mustaphi, C.J.C. and Pisaric, M.F., 2014. Holocene climate-fire-vegetation interactions at a subalpine watershed in southeastern British Columbia, Canada. Quaternary Research, 81(2), pp.228-239.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2013.12.002
PYATTS Neotoma1193418127Pyatts Lake-115.76958549.469660Western North America1080RawLake19AWI0.0676.912Surrounding vegetation: Interior douglas fir forest.Mustaphi, C.J.C. and Pisaric, M.F., 2014. A classification for macroscopic charcoal morphologies found in Holocene lacustrine sediments. Progress in Physical Geography, 38(6), pp.734-754.https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133314548886Mustaphi, C.C., Gedalof, Z.E., Daniels, L. and Pisaric, M., 2015. Paleoecological and sedimentological data from:\a classification for macroscopic charcoal morphologies found in Holocene lacustrine sediments\. Open Quaternary, 1(1).
MODPOND Neotoma1195018159Mod Pond-120.58619034.787670Western North America21RawLake28AWI-0.0632.789Mod Pond is a small perennial pond. Surrounding vegetation: Coastal sage scrub. The dominant species is Artemisia californica. Other dominant species in this vegetation type include Eriogonum parvifolium, Salvia mellifera, Lotus scoparius, Baccharis pilularis, Toxicodendron diversilobum, as well as many other perennial and annual herbs. In addition to the above-listed coastal sage scrub plants, the local vegetation around Mod Pond includes A. californica, T. diversilobum, Lupinus sp., B. pilularis, S. mellifera and others growing on the dunes around the lake. Salix grows at the lake shoreline, with a grove of Eucalyptus trees. ca. 100 m to the north of the pond.Anderson, R.S., Ejarque, A., Rice, J., Smith, S.J. and Lebow, C.G., 2015. Historic and Holocene environmental change in the San Antonio Creek Basin, mid-coastal California. Quaternary Research, 83(2), pp.273-286.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.11.005
TK-2-96 Neotoma1192819323TK-2 Lake-104.94573566.347840Western North America234RawLake55AWI0.1409.143Lake on Precambrian shield rocks. Upland supports a highly discontinuous cover of predominantly dwarf shrub-lichen vegetation. Dominant vascular plants are Betula glandulosa, Salix species, and species of the ericoid genera Arctostaphylos, Ledum and Vaccinium. The lake is within the distribution limit of Alnus but no Alnus was noted within the immediate vicinity of the lake. Poorly drained sites support peat with permafrost and associated patterned ground. dominated by sedges, cottongrasses, shrubs and mosses.Seppa, H., Cwynar, L.C. and MacDonald, G.M., 2003. Post-glacial vegetation reconstruction and a possible 8200 cal. yr BP event from the low arctic of continental Nunavut, Canada. Journal of Quaternary Science, 18(7), pp.621-629.https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.793
PANTHPOT Neotoma1304219358Panther Potholes-121.04095048.658990Western North America1100RawLake58AWI-0.00710.631Surrounding vegetation: The montane forest surrounding the Panther Potholes is transitional between low-elevation assemblages of Pseudotsuga menziesii, Thuja plicata, and Tsuga heterophylla, and high-elevation assemblages of Abies amabilis, A. lasiocarpa, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis, Picea. engelmannii, Pinus monticola, and Tsuga mertensiana. A. lasiocarpa is common along the lakeshore, and A. amabilis, P. menziesii, T. heterophylla, and T. plicata are common associates in upland forests. Numerous snags of P. monticola, associated with a white pine blister rust outbreak, indicate that this species was until recently a common stand associate. Pinus contorta is uncommon within the immediate study area but is locally abundant within 0.5 km of the study site along. a glacially carved ridgeline with shallow soils. Alnus sinuata is present on the lakeshore but is absent in upland forests.Prichard, S.J., Gedalof, Z.E., Oswald, W.W. and Peterson, D.L., 2009. Holocene fire and vegetation dynamics in a montane forest, North Cascade Range, Washington, USA. Quaternary Research, 72(1), pp.57-67.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2009.03.008
TROUTYUK Neotoma1328819814Trout Lake-138.74449068.829105Western North America163RawLake27AWI-0.04215.923The modern catchment vegetation around Trout Lake is dominated by heath tundra and fellfield communities, including boreal taxa such as Alnus crispa, Betula glandulosa and Salix, and herbs such as Empetrum nigrum, Vaccinium uliginosum, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Arctous. alpina and Anemone sp.Fritz, M., Herzschuh, U., Wetterich, S., Lantuit, H., De Pascale, G.P., Pollard, W.H. and Schirrmeister, L., 2012. Late glacial and Holocene sedimentation, vegetation, and climate history from easternmost Beringia (northern Yukon Territory, Canada). Quaternary Research, 78(3), pp.549-560.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2012.07.007
KILLBREW Neotoma1329019820Killebrew Lake Fen-122.90145048.605100Western North America88RawLake94AWI0.19613.781Kettle lake with marginal fen located on Orcas Island, one of the San Juan Islands in the Salish Sea between manland Washington and Vancouver Island. Local upland vegetation dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii with lesser amounts of Abies grandis.Leopold, E.B., Dunwiddie, P.W., Whitlock, C., Nickmann, R. and Watts, W.A., 2016. Postglacial vegetation history of Orcas Island, northwestern Washington. Quaternary Research, 85(3), pp.380-390.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2016.02.004
CY Neotoma1337519993Cooley Lake-117.64519549.491360Western North America1515RawLake76AWI-0.0497.499SurroundVeg: subalpine fir, englemann spruce, larix occidentalis, pinus contortaGavin, D.G., Hu, F.S., Lertzman, K. and Corbett, P., 2006. Weak climatic control of stand-scale fire history during the late Holocene. Ecology, 87(7), pp.1722-1732.https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87%5B1722:WCCOSF%5D2.0.CO;2
GERRY Neotoma1337619995Gerry Lake-121.50548053.645450Western North America893RawLake69Neotoma_Gavin et al, 2009-0.03811.220The vegetation is a dense forest of Abies lasiocarpa (subalpine fir) and Picea glauca x engelmannii (hybrid white spruce), with minor amounts of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) in the region. The lake is fringed by a wide (10-20 m) sedge fen and a submerged bench of marl sediments.Gavin, D.G., Hu, F.S., Walker, I.R. and Westover, K., 2009. The northern inland temperate rainforest of British Columbia: old forests with a young history?. Northwest Science, 83(1), pp.70-78.https://doi.org/10.3955/046.083.0107
WENT Neotoma45919997Wentworth Lake-124.53069548.009850Western North America58RawLake54AWI0.36314.161Open water lakeGavin, D.G. and Brubaker, L.B., 2015. Late Quaternary Vegetation and Fire History of the Olympic Peninsula. In: Late Pleistocene and Holocene Environmental Change on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington ed. by D.G. Gavin and L.B. Brubaker (pp.61-106). Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11014-1_4
CROCKER-CL Neotoma1337720001Crocker Lake-122.88081547.936655Western North America54RawLake49AWI0.04612.422Forests in the area are heavily managed Douglas-fir stands; red alder. and western redcedar were likely important historically and especially along the. streams. Despite being in the Western hemlock zone, this late-successional species. is rare because of dominance of Douglas-fir after disturbance in this drier climate.Gavin, D.G. and Brubaker, L.B., 2015. Late Quaternary Vegetation and Fire History of the Olympic Peninsula. In: Late Pleistocene and Holocene Environmental Change on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington ed. by D.G. Gavin and L.B. Brubaker (pp.61-106). Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11014-1_4McLachlan, J.S. and Brubaker, L.B., 1995. Local and regional vegetation change on the northeastern Olympic Peninsula during the Holocene. Canadian Journal of Botany, 73(10), pp.1618-1627.https://doi.org/10.1139/b95-175
CS2_neotoma Neotoma1338220014Cedar Swamp-122.87486047.905425Western North America60RawSwamp37AWI1.47713.211Cedar Swamp is a riparian swamp (ca. 10 ha) located in a flat seepage area that drains into Leland Lake 3 km south of Crocker Lake. Hydrologically, the swamp grades gently from a wet meadow to areas with > 1 m of standing water in the winter. The swamp is currently forested with second growth Alnus rubra and Thuja plicata, which are replacing a clear-cut stand of larger Thuja plicata, Alnus rubra, and Tsuga heterophylla. Understory species at the site include Rubus spectabilis, Maianthamum dilatatum, and Spiraea sp. Lysichitum americanum, Carex spp., and Nuphar polysepalum occupy progressively deeper aquatic areas, although trees grow on small topographic irregularities in even the deepest part of the swamp.McLachlan, J.S. and Brubaker, L.B., 1995. Local and regional vegetation change on the northeastern Olympic Peninsula during the Holocene. Canadian Journal of Botany, 73(10), pp.1618-1627.https://doi.org/10.1139/b95-175
DRAGONFL Neotoma1347720281Dragonfly Lake-135.34124560.812585Western North America760RawLake48AWI0.11310.897Surrounding vegetation: Primarily spruce forest with occasional pine.Edwards, M., Franklin-Smith, L., Clarke, C., Baker, J., Hill, S. and Gallagher, K., 2015. The role of fire in the mid-Holocene arrival and expansion of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) in Yukon, Canada. The Holocene, 25(1), pp.64-78.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614556389
HAIRCUT Neotoma1347920287Haircut Lake-133.20905560.516075Western North America1000RawLake26AWI0.5648.055Haircut Lake lies in a steep-sided basin. Surrounding vegetation is completely dominated by dense pine forest with very little understorey vegetation, and deciduous tree. species and shrubs are largely limited to the shorelineEdwards, M., Franklin-Smith, L., Clarke, C., Baker, J., Hill, S. and Gallagher, K., 2015. The role of fire in the mid-Holocene arrival and expansion of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) in Yukon, Canada. The Holocene, 25(1), pp.64-78.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614556389
MARCELLA Neotoma1348020289Marcella Lake-133.80601060.073495Western North America697RawLake39AWI-0.0679.010Kettle pond located on a terrace of unconsolidated till and outwash related to a former melt-water channel. Surrounding vegetation: The catchment is dominated by pine and aspen, with open vegetation dominated by Artemisia frigida and grasses on well-drained, south-facing slopes. Spruce is present on the shoreline.Edwards, M., Franklin-Smith, L., Clarke, C., Baker, J., Hill, S. and Gallagher, K., 2015. The role of fire in the mid-Holocene arrival and expansion of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) in Yukon, Canada. The Holocene, 25(1), pp.64-78.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614556389
SALMO Neotoma1348220295Salmo Lake-133.56160560.445535Western North America866RawLake37AWI-0.06111.671Small pond located within dead ice topography in a small east-west trending valley. Surrounding vegetation: Pine dominates to the north of the lake, but spruce is the predominant tree to the south, west, and immediately around the lake. An extensive area of low-lying muskeg (black spruce) is present in the river valley to the west.Edwards, M., Franklin-Smith, L., Clarke, C., Baker, J., Hill, S. and Gallagher, K., 2015. The role of fire in the mid-Holocene arrival and expansion of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) in Yukon, Canada. The Holocene, 25(1), pp.64-78.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614556389
HUNTERS Neotoma1348620304Hunters Lake-106.84369537.611035Western North America3516RawLake39AWI-0.04413.980Lake is impounded by late-Pinedale glacial drift, although the natural dam was enhanced by homesteaders in the late 19th century to increase water delivery to downstream communities. Presently, it is situated 100 m below the upper treeline, surrounded by Picea. engelmannii-Abies lasiocarpa forest, with shrubs including Juniperus communis, Ribes sp., Sambucus microbotrys, Linnaea borealis, and Vaccinium myrtillus.Anderson, R.S., Allen, C.D., Toney, J.L., Jass, R.B. and Bair, A.N., 2008. Holocene vegetation and fire regimes in subalpine and mixed conifer forests, southern Rocky Mountains, USA. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 17(1), pp.96-114.https://doi.org/10.1071/WF07028
DAILEY Neotoma1348720306Dailey Lake-110.81630545.262475Western North America1598RawLake87AWI-0.03714.118Dailey Lake occupies a shallow trench on a low bench carved by the late-Pleistocene northern Yellowstone outlet glacier; surrounding vegetation is primarily grassland and steppe dominated by Artemisia tridentata (big sagebrush), Ericameria nauseosa (rabbitbrush), Festuca idahoensis (Idaho fescue), and Leymus cinereus (Great Basin wild rye), with isolated populations of Juniperus scopulorum (Rocky Mountain Juniper)Krause, T.R., Lu, Y., Whitlock, C., Fritz, S.C. and Pierce, K.L., 2015. Patterns of terrestrial and limnologic development in the northern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (USA) during the late-glacial/early-Holocene transition. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 422, pp.46-56.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.12.018
BLACKTA Neotoma27320308Blacktail Pond-110.60071044.956110Western North America2012RawLake78AWI7.07914.058Blacktail Pond is situated in a remnant late-Pleistocene meltwater channel; surrounding vegetation is Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) parkland, which includes grassland and steppe communities dominated by Artemisia tridentata (big sagebrush), Festuca idahoensis (Idaho fescue), and Ericameria nauseosa (rabbitbrush).Krause, T.R. and Whitlock, C., 2013. Climate and vegetation change during the late-glacial/early-Holocene transition inferred from multiple proxy records from Blacktail Pond, Yellowstone National Park, USA. Quaternary Research, 79(3), pp.391-402.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2013.01.005
FISHLKCA Neotoma1348820316Fish Lake-123.68312041.263960Western North America541RawLake35AWI-0.0562.886Landslide origin lake located in oak woodland vegetation in the Klamath Mountains. Overstory vegetation at the site consists mainly of Pseudotsuga menziesii and Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, with lesser amounts of Notholithocarpus densiflorus, Pinus lambertiana, and Pinus jeffreyi. Salix spp. and Alnus spp. are well represented in riparian areas. Quercus spp. Poaceae, and Pteridium are very rare around the basin but are present in isolated, open-canopied areas.Crawford, J.N., 2012. Evidence for Native American land-use impacts on forest structure and fire regimes in the Lower Klamath River Region of California. Doctoral dissertation. University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA.Crawford, J.N., Mensing, S.A., Lake, F.K. and Zimmerman, S.R., 2015. Late Holocene fire and vegetation reconstruction from the western Klamath Mountains, California, USA: A multi-disciplinary approach for examining potential human land-use impacts. The Holocene, 25(8), pp.1341-1357.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683615584205
SWANSONF Neotoma1351620372Swanson Fen-150.83147060.787275Western North America100RawFen63AWI0.01314.658Swanson Fen is a small nutrient-poor fen. Surrounding vegetation: Picea mariana forest and an isolated Tsuga mertensiana standJones, M.C., Peteet, D.M. and Sambrotto, R., 2010. Late-glacial and Holocene 15N and 13C variation from a Kenai Peninsula, Alaska peatland. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 293(1-2), pp.132-143.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.05.007Jones, M.C., Peteet, D.M., Kurdyla, D. and Guilderson, T., 2009. Climate and vegetation history from a 14,000-year peatland record, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Quaternary Research, 72(2), pp.207-217.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2009.04.002
OGAROM Neotoma1357520495Ogaromtoc Lake-123.54123541.486105Western North America596RawLake33AWI-0.0593.386Small lake formed by landslide. Site is located in the oak woodland vegetation zone. Overstory vegetation at the site consists mainly of Pseudotsuga menziesii and Calocedrus decurrens, with Quercus spp. (primarily Q. kelloggii), Notholithocarpus densiflorus, Pinus lambertiana, and Pinus jeffreyi.Crawford, J.N., 2012. Evidence for Native American land-use impacts on forest structure and fire regimes in the Lower Klamath River Region of California. Doctoral dissertation. University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA.Crawford, J.N., Mensing, S.A., Lake, F.K. and Zimmerman, S.R., 2015. Late Holocene fire and vegetation reconstruction from the western Klamath Mountains, California, USA: A multi-disciplinary approach for examining potential human land-use impacts. The Holocene, 25(8), pp.1341-1357.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683615584205
NEWARKVP Neotoma1392021415Newark Valley Pond-115.77398039.672830Western North America1750RawLake23AWI-0.05922.510Newark Valley Pond is ~7 m in diameter and flows through a wet meadow ~30*40 m to a pool ~20 mi in diameter, with a maximum water depth of 50 cm. Pool is surrounded by Typha and Carex in shallow water. Surrounding upland vegetation is Artemisia steppe dominated by Artemisia tridentata var. tridentata, A. t. var. wyomingensis, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Sarbatus vermiculatus, and Atriplex confertifolia. Scattered Juniperus osteosperma grow on rocky slopes above the site. Pinus flexilis occurs at the highest elevations above ~3000 m.Mensing, S., Smith, J., Norman, K.B. and Allan, M., 2008. Extended drought in the Great Basin of western North America in the last two millennia reconstructed from pollen records. Quaternary International, 188(1), pp.79-89.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2007.06.009Mensing, S., Livingston, S. and Barker, P., 2006. Long-term fire history in Great Basin sagebrush reconstructed from macroscopic charcoal in spring sediments, Newark Valley, Nevada. Western North American Naturalist, 66(1), pp.64-77.https://doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2006)66%5B64:LFHIGB%5D2.0.CO;2
KINGMEAD Neotoma1392221418Kingston Meadow-117.16550039.253180Western North America2400RawMeadow27AWI0.0106.386Wet meadow dominated by sedge (Carex rostrata and C. nebrascensis) along a riparian system in the Toiyabe Range of central Nevada. Surface water covers most of the meadow to a depth of approximately 10 cm. Upland vegetation Artemisia steppe with scattered Juniperus osteosperma.Mensing, S., Smith, J., Norman, K.B. and Allan, M., 2008. Extended drought in the Great Basin of western North America in the last two millennia reconstructed from pollen records. Quaternary International, 188(1), pp.79-89.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2007.06.009
UPSQUAW Neotoma1392321422Upper Squaw Lake-123.01485542.032085Western North America930RawLake48Neotoma_Colombaroli & Gavin 2010-0.0571.928Surrounding vegetation: Douglas-fir, Pacific madrone, ponderosa pine, canyon live oak. The bedrock of 90% of the watershed is graphitic. quartz-mica schist and serpentine.Colombaroli, D. and Gavin, D.G., 2010. Highly episodic fire and erosion regime over the past 2,000 y in the Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(44), pp.18909-18914.https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1007692107Morey, A.E., Goldfinger, C., Briles, C.E., Gavin, D.G., Colombaroli, D. and Kusler, J.E., 2013. Are great Cascadia earthquakes recorded in the sedimentary records from small forearc lakes?. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 13(10), pp.2441-2463.https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-2441-2013
HIPPA Neotoma1403121770Hippa Lake-132.97333353.531667Western North America230RawLake74AWI0.16013.955Shallow lake on Hippa Island with no inflowing streamsLacourse, T., Delepine, J.M., Hoffman, E.H. and Mathewes, R.W., 2012. A 14,000 year vegetation history of a hypermaritime island on the outer Pacific coast of Canada based on fossil pollen, spores and conifer stomata. Quaternary Research, 78(3), pp.572-582.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2012.08.008
MISTYBC Neotoma1403221772Misty Lake-127.26283050.607050Western North America70RawLake65AWI0.06214.316Moderate-sized, humic lake, with a small stream that flows through 500m of wetland before entering the lakeLacourse, T., 2005. Late Quaternary dynamics of forest vegetation on northern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Quaternary Science Reviews, 24(1-2), pp.105-121.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.05.008Lacourse, T., 2009. Environmental change controls postglacial forest dynamics through interspecific differences in life-history traits. Ecology, 90(8), pp.2149-2160.https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1136.1
MCNEILL Neotoma1403321774Port McNeill Bog-127.07220050.572500Western North America93RawBog66AWI-0.03310.497Flat ombrotrophic bog along a roadside; surface vegetation dominated by ericaceous shrubs, Sphagnum capillifolium and Sphagnum fuscum. Open Pinus contorta bog-woodland surrounds the bogLacourse, T. and Davies, M.A., 2015. A multi-proxy peat study of Holocene vegetation history, bog development, and carbon accumulation on northern Vancouver Island, Pacific coast of Canada. the Holocene, 25(7), pp.1165-1178.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683615580201
ROEBC Neotoma1403921788Roe Lake-123.30328048.782700Western North America100RawLake114AWI-0.0649.899Small lake with no inflowing streams in bedrock depression. Forests surrounding the lake are dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii, Thuja plicata, and Abies grandis in the canopy, with Acer macrophyllum and A. glabrum present along the lake margin and Gaultheria shallon, Symphoricarpos albus, Polystichum munitum, and Pteridium aquilinum common in the understory. A stand of Alnus rubra is located along the southeastern margin of the lake. Xeric taxa, including Arbutus menziesii and Quercus garryana, are scattered on the adjacent ridges.Lucas, J.D. and Lacourse, T., 2013. Holocene vegetation history and fire regimes of Pseudotsuga menziesii forests in the Gulf Islands National Park Reserve, southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Quaternary Research, 79(3), pp.366-376.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2013.03.001Lucas, J.D., 2012. Holocene vegetation and fire history of Pender Island, British Columbia, Canada. Master's thesis. University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
MCB1997 Neotoma1050721844Mission Cross Bog-115.48365041.784700Western North America2424RawLake34AWI0.0001.776Spring-fed fen. Growing on the fen are Sphagnum, sedges, Menyanthes trifoliata, Pedicularis groenlandica, Thalictrum spp., and Salix spp. On the northern slope bordering the fen, fields of Balsamorhiza sagittata grow with Lupinus. To the east, south, and west are scattered stands of Populus tremuloides.Allan, M., 2003. A 2000 year record of vegetation and climate change in the Jarbidge Mountains of Northeastern Nevada. Master's thesis. University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA.
ODP893A Neotoma1407121893ODP Hole 893A-120.06134534.278180Western North America0RawMarine61AWI11.13318.142Ocean Drilliing Project core, Santa Barbara Basin. Nearby coastal vegetation: Introduced herbs and grasses are common in the coastal plain. Coastal sage scrub grows on xeric sites, while Chaparral is found on more mesic sites and burns more frequently. Oaks dominate on north facing slopes, in canyons, and in mesic areas of the coastal marine terraces. California juniper grows in scattered stands.Anderson, R., 2007. Stable isotope and pollen evidence for Late Quaternary climate change in southern coastal California. Doctoral dissertation. University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
CSB Neotoma1416322119Cienega de San Bernadino-109.25616031.322150Western North America1118RawValley52AWI-0.0262.057Cienega located on the floor of the San Bernadino Valley. Surrounding vegetation: Desert grassland and scrub (Atriplex canascens, Ephedra trifurca, Fouquieria splendens, Larrea tridentata, Flourensia cernua, Acacia neovernicosa). Bottomlands consist of a patchwork of Prosopis and fallow fields. Springs, wells, and seasonal streams in the cienega support areas of deciduous riparian scrub, stands of Populus fremontii,Blissett, S.D., 2010. A late Holocene history of vegetation, fire, and climate from a desert wetland in southwest North America. Master's thesis. University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
DOOLITL Neotoma1430822397Doolittle Ranch Meadow-105.60406039.676640Western North America2975RawMeadow14AWI-0.0323.563The Doolittle Ranch Meadow lies within the Doolittle Ranch basin, created by the Chicago Creek glacier, which deposited a lateral moraine across the mouth of a side-valley tributary. Surrounding vegetation: The meadow is dominated by grasses, sedges, and Salix. The meadow is mostly treeless. The moraine that dams the west side of the basin is covered with Picea engelmannii and Pinus contorta. The north side of the basin supports Populus tremuloides, Pinus aristata, and a few intermixed Pinus contorta. The east side of the basin is forested with a dense covering of Picea engelmannii and Pinus contorta. The south end of the basin contains dense stands of Picea engelmannii and Abies lasiocarpa, with a few scattered Pinus contorta and Pseudotsuga menziesii.Doerner, J.P., 1994. The late-Quaternary environmental history of Mt. Evans: Pollen and stratigraphic evidence from Clear Creek, Colorado. Doctoral dissertation. University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
ECHOCO Neotoma1431022400Echo Lake-105.60326539.658220Western North America3230RawLake67AWI-0.04422.321Echo Lake occupies a preglacial valley that was dammed by a lateral moraine. Surrounding vegetation: The south and west sides of the slope have forest composed of Picea engelmannii and Abies lasiocarpa, with a few scattered Pinus contorta near the margins of the meadow and lake. To the north, Pinus aristata is found in nearly pure stands, surrounded by mixed stands of Pinus engelmannii, Pinus contorta, and Pinus aristata. The surface of the meadow is treeless and dominated by Salix and Carex.Doerner, J.P., 1994. The late-Quaternary environmental history of Mt. Evans: Pollen and stratigraphic evidence from Clear Creek, Colorado. Doctoral dissertation. University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
LL07D Neotoma1464022969Long Lake-106.36788541.499845Western North America2700RawLake175AWI-0.06712.857Kettle lake on stagnation moraine. Upland vegetation montane conifer forest dominated by Pinus contorta, Picea engelmannii, and Abies bifolia. Populus tremuloides ecotone is ~200 m downslope. The lake margin contains various Poaceae, Cyperaceae, and Betula occidentalis. Hydrophytes include Nuphar lutea and Potamogeton alpinus.Carter, V.A., Brunelle, A., Minckley, T.A., Shaw, J.D., DeRose, R.J. and Brewer, S., 2017. Climate variability and fire effects on quaking aspen in the central Rocky Mountains, USA. Journal of Biogeography, 44(6), pp.1280-1293.https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12932Carter, V.A., Brunelle, A., Minckley, T.A., Dennison, P.E. and Power, M.J., 2013. Regionalization of fire regimes in the Central Rocky Mountains, USA. Quaternary Research, 80(3), pp.406-416.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2013.07.009Minckley, T.A., 2014. Postglacial vegetation history of southeastern Wyoming, USA. Rocky Mountain Geology, 49(1), pp.61-74.https://doi.org/10.2113/gsrocky.49.1.61
NORTHFLT Neotoma1582824354North Flat Lake-106.49524053.611475Western North America522RawLake57AWI-0.0141.794Lake in a shallow depression surrounded by forest consisting primarily of boreal forest species, including prolific pollen producers such as Pinus (mainly P. banksiana) and Picea (predominantly P. glauca), as well as many species typical of aspen parkland and grasslands.Hart, C.L., 2009. High-resolution pollen analysis of two lakes at the boreal forest-aspen parkland ecotone in central Saskatchewan, Canada. Master's thesis. University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
BEEF2005 Neotoma24625551Beef Pasture-108.16037537.473105Western North America3060RawPeat72AWI-0.0592.049Open wet meadow and fen occupying a depression formed by a landslide ~5000 BP in the La Plata Mountains. Local upland vegetation dominated by Picea engelmannii, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Populus tremuloides, and Alnus tenuifolia. Salix brachycarpa lines the edges of the wet meadow.Wright, A.M., 2012. Low-frequency climate in the Mesa Verde region: Beef Pasture revisited. In: Emergence and collapse of early villages: models of central Mesa Verde archaeology ed. by T.A. Kohler and M.D. Varien (pp.41-57). University of California Press, Berkeley, California, USA.https://doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520270145.003.0003Wright, A.M., 2006. A low-frequency paleoclimatic reconstruction from the La Plata Mountains, Colorado and its implications for agricultural productivity in the Mesa Verde region. Master's thesis. Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
FLORBC Neotoma1661426315Florence Lake-123.51304548.458595Western North America81RawLake30AWI-0.0580.492Most of the area has been developed for housing or mined for gravel. Minimal forest remains.Pellatt, M.G., McCoy, M.M. and Mathewes, R.W., 2015. Paleoecology and fire history of Garry oak ecosystems in Canada: implications for conservation and environmental management. Biodiversity and conservation, 24(7), pp.1621-1639.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-0880-1McCoy, M.M., 2006. High Resolution fire and vegetation history of Garry oak ecosystems in British Columbia. Master's thesis. Simon Fraser, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
GRANTS Neotoma2368040976Grant's Bog-125.12710049.788700Western North America80RawBog102AWI-0.06214.17470 ha wetland complex that is mostely a Sphagnum and ericad-dominated bog, small lake (1.8 ha) in south-east cornerLacourse, T., Beer, K.W., Craig, K.B. and Canil, D., 2019. Postglacial wetland succession, carbon accumulation and forest dynamics on the east coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Quaternary Research, 92, pp.232-245.https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2018.146
GLENMIRE Neotoma2371541030Glenmire-122.78961437.990261Western North America167RawFen40AWI-0.0666.608Fen lying in a depression in the Wildcat slide complex, a late Quaternary landslide within the weakly consolidated Santa Cruz Mudstone that partially overlaps the Monterey Formation along the Point Reyes coast. Site lies within closed canopy Pseudotsuga menziesii-mixed evergreen forest with Umbellularia californica and Quercus agrifolia, with adjacent patches of Baccharis pilularis chaparral. Local fen vegetation dominated by Scirpus, Typha, and Eleocharis.Anderson, R.S., Ejarque, A., Brown, P.M. and Hallett, D.J., 2013. Holocene and historical vegetation change and fire history on the north-central coast of California, USA. The Holocene, 23(12), pp.1797-1810.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683613505344
HF98-2 Neotoma2371741034Henrys Fork (upper exposure)-110.36052040.800420Western North America3550RawPeat7AWI3.9668.119Stream-cut exposure in a basin that was impounded by debris flow deposits. Surrounding vegetation: The primary tree species at timberline (approximately 3270 m asl) are Picea engelmannii and Abies lasiocarpa, although Pinus contorta is locally present and increases in abundance at lower elevations. Isolated patches of spruce/fir krummholz are also present.Munroe, J.S., 2001. Late Quaternary history of the northern Uinta Mountains, northeastern Utah. Doctoral dissertation. University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
GEMLAKE Neotoma2376341140Gem Lake-106.73403040.881000Western North America3101RawLake19AWI0.0021.395The vegetation surrounding Gem Lake is closed spruce-fir forest, but ribbon forests and open meadows lie 200 m upslope, within 300 m laterally of the lake.Calder, W.J., 2016. Interactions among climate change, wildfire, and vegetation shaping landscapes for the last 2000 years. Doctoral dissertation. University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.Calder, W.J. and Shuman, B., 2017. Extensive wildfires, climate change, and an abrupt state change in subalpine ribbon forests, Colorado. Ecology, 98(10), pp.2585-2600.https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1959Calder, W.J., Stefanova, I. and Shuman, B., 2019. Climate-fire-vegetation interactions and the rise of novel landscape patterns in subalpine ecosystems, Colorado. Journal of Ecology, 107(4), pp.1689-1703.https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13138
SUMMIT_neotoma Neotoma2376541146Summit Lake-106.68236040.545455Western North America3149RawLake74AWI-0.0482.826Continuous closed forests flank the east and west sides of the Summit Lake plateau, and ribbon forests primarily cover the plateau. Both the ribbon forests and continuous forests consist of Abies lasiocarpa (subalpine fir) and Picea engelmannii (Engelmann spruce). At lower elevations, Pinus contorta (lodgepole pine) and Populus tremuloides (aspen) form pure and mixed forests stands separately and with Picea engelmannii and Abies lasiocarpa. The ribbon forest consist of ~10 - 20 m wide bands of spruce and fir trees oriented approximately north to south. 30 - 70 m wide meadows separate forest ribbons.Calder, W.J., 2016. Interactions among climate change, wildfire, and vegetation shaping landscapes for the last 2000 years. Doctoral dissertation. University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.Calder, W.J. and Shuman, B., 2017. Extensive wildfires, climate change, and an abrupt state change in subalpine ribbon forests, Colorado. Ecology, 98(10), pp.2585-2600.https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1959Calder, W.J., Stefanova, I. and Shuman, B., 2019. Climate-fire-vegetation interactions and the rise of novel landscape patterns in subalpine ecosystems, Colorado. Journal of Ecology, 107(4), pp.1689-1703.https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13138Calder, W.J., Parker, D., Stopka, C.J., Jimenez-Moreno, G. and Shuman, B.N., 2015. Medieval warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rocky Mountains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(43), pp.13261-13266.https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500796112
SEVEN Neotoma2377041159Seven Lakes-106.68221540.896140Western North America3276RawLake27AWI0.0504.189Glacial scour lake. Surrounding vegetation: Ribbon forest. The ribbon forests are composed of alternating bands of spruce-fir forests approximately 10-20 m wide and separated by 30-70 m wide meadowsCalder, W.J., 2016. Interactions among climate change, wildfire, and vegetation shaping landscapes for the last 2000 years. Doctoral dissertation. University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.Calder, W.J. and Shuman, B., 2017. Extensive wildfires, climate change, and an abrupt state change in subalpine ribbon forests, Colorado. Ecology, 98(10), pp.2585-2600.https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1959Calder, W.J., Stefanova, I. and Shuman, B., 2019. Climate-fire-vegetation interactions and the rise of novel landscape patterns in subalpine ecosystems, Colorado. Journal of Ecology, 107(4), pp.1689-1703.https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13138
GOLDCRK Neotoma2377141161Gold Creek Lake-106.67896040.781835Western North America2917RawLake35AWI-0.0522.021Gold Creek Lake sits on the south side of a glacially carved canyon. Surrounding vegetation: Spruce-fir forests are the primary vegetation, while ribbon forests and a mix of open meadows cover much of the nearby landscape.Calder, W.J., 2016. Interactions among climate change, wildfire, and vegetation shaping landscapes for the last 2000 years. Doctoral dissertation. University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.Calder, W.J., Parker, D., Stopka, C.J., Jimenez-Moreno, G. and Shuman, B.N., 2015. Medieval warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rocky Mountains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(43), pp.13261-13266.https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500796112Calder, W.J., Stefanova, I. and Shuman, B., 2019. Climate-fire-vegetation interactions and the rise of novel landscape patterns in subalpine ecosystems, Colorado. Journal of Ecology, 107(4), pp.1689-1703.https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13138
HIDDENCO Neotoma2377241163Hidden Lake-106.60754040.504665Western North America2704RawLake32AWI0.0432.561Origin in Hidden Lake is uncertain, either a landslide origin or moraine dammed. Lake is surrounded primarily by lodgepole pine and spruce-fir forests, with aspen groves further upslope.Calder, W.J., 2016. Interactions among climate change, wildfire, and vegetation shaping landscapes for the last 2000 years. Doctoral dissertation. University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.Calder, W.J., Parker, D., Stopka, C.J., Jimenez-Moreno, G. and Shuman, B.N., 2015. Medieval warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rocky Mountains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(43), pp.13261-13266.https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500796112Calder, W.J., Stefanova, I. and Shuman, B., 2019. Climate-fire-vegetation interactions and the rise of novel landscape patterns in subalpine ecosystems, Colorado. Journal of Ecology, 107(4), pp.1689-1703.https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13138
HINMAN Neotoma2377541171Hinman Lake-106.82759040.771620Western North America2501RawLake19AWI-0.0451.333Hinman Lake is surrounded by open sagebrush parks and dense thickets of Quercus gambelii, combined with Picea-Abies, Pinus contorta, and aspen forests.Calder, W.J., 2016. Interactions among climate change, wildfire, and vegetation shaping landscapes for the last 2000 years. Doctoral dissertation. University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.Calder, W.J., Parker, D., Stopka, C.J., Jimenez-Moreno, G. and Shuman, B.N., 2015. Medieval warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rocky Mountains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(43), pp.13261-13266.https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500796112Calder, W.J., Stefanova, I. and Shuman, B., 2019. Climate-fire-vegetation interactions and the rise of novel landscape patterns in subalpine ecosystems, Colorado. Journal of Ecology, 107(4), pp.1689-1703.https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13138
GOATLAKE Neotoma2377841183Goat Lake-149.90846060.258490Western North America550RawLake52AWI-0.0598.997Glacial scour lake in the Kenai Mountains located near an outlet glacier fo the Harding Icefield. Surrounding vegetation dominated by Alnus sinuata and Tsuga mertensiana with some Picea glauca. Tsuga mertensiana is at its upper elevational limit.Anderson, R.S., Kaufman, D.S., Berg, E., Schiff, C. and Daigle, T., 2017. Holocene biogeography of Tsuga mertensiana and other conifers in the Kenai Mountains and Prince William Sound, south-central Alaska. The Holocene, 27(4), pp.485-495.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683616670217
OCFCB Neotoma2391741497Old Crow Flats (Core CB)-140.85656068.108260Western North America292RawLake19AWI1.61314.600Vast expanse of patterned peatland and shallow lakes. Surrounding vegetation: Closed forests of Picea glauca and P. mariana with dense understories of Alnus crispa, Betula glandulosa, and Shepherdia canadensis are found on valley slopes. Uplands are covered in birch-heath shrub tundra, with Eriophorum vaginatum tussock tundra on very gentle slopes. Treeline is formed by Picea glauca, the most northerly stands of which occur on south-facing slopes and in creek valleys.Ovenden, L.E., 1985. Hydroseral histories of the Old Crow Peatlands, northern Yukon. Doctoral dissertation. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
OCFKE Neotoma2391841499Old Crow Flats (Core KE)-140.82609067.932750Western North America335RawLake28AWI0.35216.988Vast expanse of patterned peatland and shallow lakes. Surrounding vegetation: Closed forests of Picea glauca and P. mariana with dense understories of Alnus crispa, Betula glandulosa, and Shepherdia canadensis are found on valley slopes. Uplands are covered in birch-heath shrub tundra, with Eriophorum vaginatum tussock tundra on very gentle slopes. Treeline is formed by Picea glauca, the most northerly stands of which occur on south-facing slopes and in creek valleys.Ovenden, L.E., 1985. Hydroseral histories of the Old Crow Peatlands, northern Yukon. Doctoral dissertation. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
LEDC10-1 Neotoma2392641537Lake Elsinore-117.35340033.660655Western North America376RawLake258AWI6.64632.516Largest natural lake in Southern California, currently ~15 km^2. San Jacinto Rivier is main water source, and runoff from the Elsinore Mountains. Modern mean depth is ~3-13 m.Heusser, L.E., Kirby, M.E. and Nichols, J.E., 2015. Pollen-based evidence of extreme drought during the last Glacial (32.6-9.0 ka) in coastal southern California. Quaternary Science Reviews, 126, pp.242-253.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.08.029Kirby, M.E., Heusser, L., Scholz, C., Ramezan, R., Anderson, M.A., Markle, B., Rhodes, E., Glover, K.C., Fantozzi, J., Hiner, C. and Price, B., 2018. A late Wisconsin (32-10k cal a BP) history of pluvials, droughts and vegetation in the Pacific south-west United States (Lake Elsinore, CA). Journal of Quaternary Science, 33(2), pp.238-254.https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3018
HERMIT Neotoma2393041580Hermit Lake-105.63166038.088060Western North America3450RawLake61AWI-0.05413.814Cirque lake in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains located ~200 m below tree line. Local vegetation north and east of the lake dominated by Picea engelmannii with some Abies bifolia, with debris slopes south and east.Anderson, R.S., Soltow, H.R. and Jimenez-Moreno, G., 2018. Postglacial environmental change of a high-elevation forest, Sangre de Cristo Mountains of south-central Colorado. In: From saline to freshwater: the diversity of western lakes in space and time ed by S.W. Starratt and M.R. Rosen (Special Paper 536). Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, USA.https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2536(13)
SUNSET Neotoma2394041606Sunset Lake-124.65200058.497000Western North America1530RawLake37AWI-0.0408.532Sunset Lake is found within an east-west oriented valley, approximately 230 m above current treeline. Surrounding vegetation: Low-elevation forests in the region are dominated by Picea glauca, P. mariana, Pinus contorta, Betula papyrifera, and Populus tremuloides. With increasing elevation, forest cover gradually grades into forest-tundra. Above treeline, vegetation surrounding Sunset Lake is dominated by Betula glandulosa. Dwarf shrubs (Cassiope tetragona, Dryas integrifolia, Arctostaphylos, and Vaccinium) also occur, but their densities are low. An assortment of herbs, including Oxyria digyna, Potentilla uniflora, Poaceae, bryophytes, and lichens are also present. Salix often occurs near the edge of the lakes and along streams. A few dwarfed Picea glauca are growing along the shore of the lake.Pisaric, M.F.J., 2001. Holocene environmental change at the subarctic alpine treeline in northern British Columbia and the southern Yukon Territory, Canada. Doctoral dissertation. Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
DEADSPR Neotoma2394241612Dead Spruce Lake-124.54950058.578500Western North America1378RawLake31AWI-0.05312.471Surrounding vegetation: Low-elevation forests in the region are dominated by Picea glauca, P. mariana, Pinus contorta, Betula papyrifera, and Populus tremuloides. With increasing elevation, forest cover gradually grades into forest-tundra. A large number of trees around the lake were killed by a local fire of unknown timing.Pisaric, M.F.J., 2001. Holocene environmental change at the subarctic alpine treeline in northern British Columbia and the southern Yukon Territory, Canada. Doctoral dissertation. Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
EMERALDL Neotoma2394341614Emerald Lake-106.40628039.151625Western North America3051RawLake54AWI-0.06910.255Small Kettle Lake in the valley bottom along Halfmoon Creek. The lake lies in hummocky outwash between two Pinedale-age lateral moraines, which originated from an outlet glacier in the Sawatch Range. Surrounding vegetation is dominated by dense stands of Pinus contorta, with minor Picea engelmannii, Abies, and Populus tremuloides.Jimenez-Moreno, G., Anderson, R.S., Shuman, B.N. and Yackulic, E., 2019. Forest and lake dynamics in response to temperature, North American monsoon and ENSO variability during the Holocene in Colorado (USA). Quaternary Science Reviews, 211, pp.59-72.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.03.013
FOYMT Neotoma2404041762Foy Lake-114.36120048.164750Western North America1006RawLake115AWI-0.02212.464Present vegetation in the Flathead Valley is a mixture of irrigated agricultural lands, native grasslands, conifer forests, and riparian woodland. Forests around Foy Lake are composed of Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pinus ponderosa, and Larix occidentalis. Larix occidentalis, Pinus ponderosa, and an occasional Juniperus scopulorum grow in open grassy woodlands along the west-facing slopes above the site. Stands of Pinus contorta are scattered throughout all habitats near Foy Lake.Power, M.J., 2006. Recent and Holocene fire, climate, and vegetation linkages in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Doctoral dissertation. University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
WA01 Neotoma2407041864Lake WA01-136.92937561.244410Western North America1000RawLake126AWI-0.05910.414The vegetation surrounding the study site is characterized by the presence of low density boreal forests dominated by white spruce (Picea glauca). White spruce stands in the region tend to be found on well-drained soils and on the sides and tops of slopes. Stands of poplar and aspen, as well as birch and alder are also common, particularly in low-lying areas and on more poorly drained sites. In the understory, the vegetation includes juniper and willow as well as numerous herbaceous plants such as species of grasses and sedges, which tend to occur on more poorly drained sites. Epilobium and Shepherdia also form a small component of the modern vegetation, and are principally found on well-drained soils.Ravindra, R., 2009. A high-resolution vegetation, fire, and climate history from the Aishihik Region, Yukon Territory, Canada. Master's thesis. University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
ANTLER Neotoma2418342547Antler Pond-107.11937540.023090Western North America3128RawLake99AWI-0.0581.356Small lake on a large lateral moraine adjacent to the Bear River. Lake is within the subalpine zone, surrounded by old-growth dead Picea engelmannii with and understory of P. engelmannii and some Abies bifolia. Pond is fringed by Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and Salix.Anderson, R.S., Smith, S.J., Lynch, A.M. and Geils, B.W., 2010. The pollen record of a 20th century spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) outbreak in a Colorado subalpine forest, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 260(4), pp.448-455.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.05.001
WHITBARK Neotoma2418742559Whitebark Moraine Pond-110.79422543.788365Western North America2801RawLake37AWI-0.0057.793Lake formed by damming of the upper reaches of Paintbrush Canyon by lateral and recesional Pinedale moraines. Located in the subalpine zone with Pinus albicaulis, Abies bifolia, and Picea engelmannii.Kelly, K.E., 2014. Paleoecological reconstruction of a modern whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) population in Grand Teton National Park, WY. Master's thesis. Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
SOLDIER Neotoma2423242645Soldier Creek Meadow-109.92042032.701770Western North America2860RawMeadow17AWI-0.0261.284Small, open meadow in the Pinaleno Mountains within the mixed-conifer forest, dominated by Picea engelmannii, Abies concolor, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pinus strobiformis, and P. ponderosa.Anderson, R.S. and Smith, S.J., 2009. Vegetation changes within the subalpine and mixed conifer forests on Mt. Graham, Arizona: Proxy evidence for Mt. Graham red squirrel habitat. In: The Last Refuge of the Mt. Graham Red Squirrel: Ecology of endangerment ed by H.R. Sanderson and J.L. Koprowski (pp.153-169). University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
SGANG Neotoma2423642655SGang Gwaay Pond-131.21229452.091542Western North America5RawLake22AWI-0.0191.699Small pond on southeast side of Anthony Island about 700 m south of SGang Gwaay village (Ninstints), a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Lacourse, T., Mathewes, R.W. and Hebda, R.J., 2007. Paleoecological analyses of lake sediments reveal prehistoric human impact on forests at Anthony island UNESCO world heritage site, Queen Charlotte islands (Haida Gwaii), Canada. Quaternary Research, 68(2), pp.177-183.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.04.005
WESTSIDE Neotoma2424342675West Side Pond-131.79166752.541667Western North America16RawLake25AWI11.12816.302Small pond on Moresby Island about 300 m inland from the modern shore on the west side of Moresby Island.Lacourse, T., Mathewes, R.W. and Fedje, D.W., 2005. Late-glacial vegetation dynamics of the Queen Charlotte Islands and adjacent continental shelf, British Columbia, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 226(1-2), pp.36-57.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.05.003
DFBANK Neotoma2424442677Dogfish Bank-131.30000053.870000Western North America0RawLake12AWI15.53317.137Dogfish Bank, Hecate Strait, British Columbia, Core retrieved from aboard the CSS John P. Tully in June 1991 in 31 m of water, Core contains terrestrial sediments capped by Holocene-aged marine sediments.Lacourse, T., Mathewes, R.W. and Fedje, D.W., 2005. Late-glacial vegetation dynamics of the Queen Charlotte Islands and adjacent continental shelf, British Columbia, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 226(1-2), pp.36-57.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.05.003
KEYHOLE Neotoma2427842745Keyhold Pond-138.37346561.078590Western North America826RawLake101AWI-0.00312.953The slopes around the lake are steep and covered with grassland vegetation. The main components of the grasslands include Artemisia frigida and Agropyron yukonense. The boreal forest surrounding the grasslands is dominated by Picea glauca. Other important taxa in the area include Populus, Salix, and Betula glandulosa.Whittmire, C.M., 2001. Vegetative and fire history of the area surrounding Keyhole Pond, Yukon Territory. Master's thesis. University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
MIRORCO Neotoma2617345655Mirror Lake-106.43230038.743205Western North America3347RawLake44AWI0.0083.814Mirror Lake is a kettle lake formed by Pleistocene glaciers. Surrounding vegetation: Subalpine forest composed primarily of Picea engelmannii and Abies bifolia, with Picea pungens, Pinus contorta, P. latifolia, and Pseudotsuga menziesii occurring less frequently. Dominant riparian species consist of willow and several species of Salix. Juncus and Carex also occur near the shoreline. An isolated small population of Populus tremuloides occurs 300m above the lake.Del Priore, T.M., 2007. 4,000 years of environmental change in central Colorado: a Paleoecological perspective. Master's thesis. University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
ANTHONY Neotoma2655746290Anthony Lake-118.23142544.959675Western North America2174RawLake56AWI-0.0097.727Lake located in the Elkhorn Range of the Blue Mountains. Dominant arboreal species include Abies lasicocarpa (subalpine fir), Picea engelmannii (Engelmann spruce), Pinus contorta (lodgepole pine), and Pinus monticola (western white pine), along with scattered Tsuga mertesiana (mountain hemlock). Common nonarboreal species include Artemisia tridentata (sagebrush), Amelianchier alnifolia, (serviceberry), Vaccinium membranaceum (big huckleberry), Agropyron spicatum (bluebunch wheatgrass), and Xerophyllum tenax (bear grass) in an open forest-parkland structure. Riparian vegetation includes Alnus crispa (mountain alder) and several species of Carex (sedge).Long, C.J., Shinker, J.J., Minckley, T.A., Power, M.J. and Bartlein, P.J., 2019. A 7600 yr vegetation and fire history from Anthony Lake, northeastern Oregon, USA, with linkages to modern synoptic climate patterns. Quaternary Research, 91(2), pp.705-713.https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2018.124
LWRTWIN Neotoma2655846292Twin Lakes-113.91092547.241520Western North America1263RawLake75AWI-0.03816.273Twin Lakes consists of two small lakes located at the southwestern end of the Mission Range. This study is from the southeastern lake. The lake is surrounded by forests dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pinus ponderosa, Larix occidentalis, and Pinus contorta, with lesser amounts of Picea engelmannii, Abies grandis, and Thuja plicata. Riparian areas support Populus tremuloides, Populus balsamifera ssp.trichocarpa, and Salix spp. Common understory plants in the watershed include Acer glabrum, Holodiscus discolor,Prunus virginiana, Rosa woodsii, Physocarpus malvaceus, Xerophyllum tenax, and Vaccinium globulare. Species of Poaceae, Carex, Isoetes, Scirpus, and Typha grow along lake margins and in the lake.Alt, M., McWethy, D.B., Everett, R. and Whitlock, C., 2018. Millennial scale climate-fire-vegetation interactions in a mid-elevation mixed coniferous forest, Mission Range, northwestern Montana, USA. Quaternary Research, 90(1), pp.66-82.https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2018.25
BDL12 Neotoma2663246603Baldwin Lake-116.80640834.276446Western North America2060RawLake89AWI15.855102.140Lake basin in Big Bear Valley of the San Bernardino Mountains. Lake is desiccated and dry most of the year, and throughout entire year in drought years.Glover, K.C., Chaney, A., Kirby, M.E., Patterson, W.P. and MacDonald, G.M., 2020. Southern California Vegetation, Wildfire, and Erosion Had Nonlinear Responses to Climatic Forcing During Marine Isotope Stages 5-2 (120-15 ka). Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 35(2), p.e2019PA003628.https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003628Glover, K.C., MacDonald, G.M., Kirby, M.E., Rhodes, E.J., Stevens, L., Silveira, E., Whitaker, A. and Lydon, S., 2017. Evidence for orbital and North Atlantic climate forcing in alpine Southern California between 125 and 10 ka from multi-proxy analyses of Baldwin Lake. Quaternary Science Reviews, 167, pp.47-62.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.028
LWH081A Neotoma2663446611Little Windy Hill Pond-106.33695041.433255Western North America2980RawLake108AWI0.01617.338Small groundwater-fed lake on the margin of a recessiona Pinedale moraine in the Medicine Bow Mountains. Forest surrounding the lake is old-growth Pinus contorta and Picea engelmannii, with Abies bifolia in the lower canopy. Understory includes Juniperus communis, Artemisia, Rosa, Ribes, Ericaceae, Poaceae, Asteraceae, and Amaranthaceae. Marginal fen is dominated by Carex, Kalmia microphylla, Pedicularis, and Picea engelmannii on raised surfaces.Minckley, T.A., 2014. Postglacial vegetation history of southeastern Wyoming, USA. Rocky Mountain Geology, 49(1), pp.61-74.https://doi.org/10.2113/gsrocky.49.1.61Minckley, T.A. and Shriver, R.K., 2011. Vegetation responses to changing fire regimes in a Rocky Mountain forest. Fire Ecology, 7(2), pp.66-80.https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0702066Minckley, T.A., Shriver, R.K. and Shuman, B., 2012. Resilience and regime change in a southern Rocky Mountain ecosystem during the past 17 000 years. Ecological Monographs, 82(1), pp.49-68.https://doi.org/10.1890/11-0283.1
BEGBIE Neotoma2663846630Begbie Lake-123.68293048.585590Western North America188RawLake65AWI-0.07013.903The vegetation immediately around Begbie Lake consists of multiple age classes. The tree stratum is dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii, with lesser amounts of Tsuga heterophylla and Thuja plicata. Scattered Pinus contorta, Acer macrophyllum, Alnus rubra and Abies grandis occur around the basin. The understory contains small T. heterophylla trees as well as Gaultheria shallon, Mahonia nervosa and Polystichum munitum coupled with mosses. Aquatic vegetation includes Myrica gale, Cyperaceae, Potamogeton, and Nuphar.Brown, K.J., Hebda, N.J.R., Schoups, G., Conder, N., Smith, K.A.P. and Trofymow, J.A., 2019. Long-term climate, vegetation and fire regime change in a managed municipal water supply area, British Columbia, Canada. The Holocene, 29(9), pp.1411-1424.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683619854523
LPAINTRK Neotoma2664146645Lower Paintrock Lake-107.38183544.392785Western North America2798RawLake76AWI0.01821.889Glacial origin lake on the west slope of the Bighorn Mountains. Surrounded by mixed conifer forest of Pinus contorta, Picea engelmannii, and Pseudotsuga menziesii. Understory of Abies bifolia, Ribes lacustre, and Artemisia.Rust, R.A. and Minckley, T.A., 2020. Fire and hydrologically mediated diversity change in subalpine forests through the Holocene. Journal of Vegetation Science, 31(3), pp.380-391.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12853
RNBWC Neotoma2664446659Rainbow Lake-109.50024044.936160Western North America2963RawLake62AWI-0.04419.932The watershed is less than 20 ha on the crest of the Beartooth Mountains. Underlain by Archean granitic gneiss and drains seasonally into the Clarks Fork of the Yellowstone River. Mixed sub-alpine parkland dominated by Abies bifolia and Picea engelmannii. The understory and parkland matrix is a mix of Artemisia spp., Vaccinium myrtillus, and a variety of grasses and herbs (Poaceae, Asteraceae and Amaranthaceae).Rust, R.A. and Minckley, T.A., 2020. Fire and hydrologically mediated diversity change in subalpine forests through the Holocene. Journal of Vegetation Science, 31(3), pp.380-391.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12853
HUMBIRD Neotoma2665146672Hummingbird Lake-135.01205056.551850Western North America46RawLake45AWI-0.03615.109Lake is located on Baranof Island in the Alexander Archipelago. Lake is formed in a trough between bedrock ridges. Lake does not appear to have been overridden by glacial ice during the last glaical interval (Marine Isotope Stage 2). Vegetation is dense conifer forest of Tsuga heterophylla, Picea sitchensis, Tsuga mertensiana, Pinus contorta subsp. contorta, and Chamaecyparis nootkatensis.Ager, T.A., 2019. Late Quaternary vegetation development following deglaciation of northwestern Alexander Archipelago, Alaska. Frontiers in Earth Science, 7, p.104.https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00104
WLS Neotoma2665846680West LaSalle-120.67606053.519745Western North America878RawLake52AWI-0.05310.951Vegetation surrounding the lake is composed of Tsuga heterophylla, Thuja plicata, Picea mariana and Abies lasiocarpa forest with shrubs and herbs typical of the ICHwk (e.g., Cornus canadensis, Oplopanax horribilis, Betula glandulosa, Betula pumila, Cornus stolonifera, Geum macrophyllum, three species each of Vaccinium and Salix, and four species of Rubus); ferns and mosses (e.g. Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Pleurozium schreiberii), ten species of Carex, and the aquatic Callitriche palustris.White, A.L., 2014. Postglacial vegetation change in the interior temperate rainforest of British Columbia. Master's thesis. University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
PAISLEY2 Neotoma2665946682Paisley Cave 2-120.57277042.756680Western North America1378RawCave38AWI7.63514.308The Paisley Caves are in a basalt ridge on the southeastern end of the Summer Lake basin in Oregon. Cave 2 is approximately 7 m deep by 6 m wide. The surrounding shrub-steppe vegetation consists of various bunch grasses (Festuca idahoensis, Poa secunda, and Pseudoroegneria spicata) mixed with three main species of sagebrush (Artemisia arbuscula, A. rigida, and A. tridentata). Much of the area has exposed soils.Jenkins, D.L., Davis, L.G., Stafford Jr, T.W., Campos, P.F., Connolly, T.J., Cummings, L.S., Hofreiter, M., Hockett, B., McDonough, K., Luthe, I. and O'Grady, P.W., 2013. In: Geochronology, archaeological context, and DNA at the Paisley Caves (pp.485-510). Texas A&M University Press, College Station, TX, USA.Beck, C.W., Bryant, V.M. and Jenkins, D.L., 2018. Analysis of Younger Dryas-Early Holocene pollen in sediments of Paisley Cave 2, south-central Oregon. Palynology, 42(2), pp.168-179.https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2017.1319883Beck, C.W., Bryant, V.M. and Jenkins, D.L., 2020. Comparison of Neotoma (packrat) feces to associated sediments from Paisley Caves, Oregon, USA. Palynology, 44(4), pp.723-741.https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2019.1702118
PAISRAT Neotoma2665946684Paisley Cave 2-120.57277042.756680Western North America1378RawCave15AWI7.78012.934The Paisley Caves are in a basalt ridge on the southeastern end of the Summer Lake basin in Oregon. Cave 2 is approximately 7 m deep by 6 m wide. The surrounding shrub-steppe vegetation consists of various bunch grasses (Festuca idahoensis, Poa secunda, and Pseudoroegneria spicata) mixed with three main species of sagebrush (Artemisia arbuscula, A. rigida, and A. tridentata). Much of the area has exposed soils.Jenkins, D.L., Davis, L.G., Stafford Jr, T.W., Campos, P.F., Connolly, T.J., Cummings, L.S., Hofreiter, M., Hockett, B., McDonough, K., Luthe, I. and O'Grady, P.W., 2013. In: Geochronology, archaeological context, and DNA at the Paisley Caves (pp.485-510). Texas A&M University Press, College Station, TX, USA.Beck, C.W., Bryant, V.M. and Jenkins, D.L., 2018. Analysis of Younger Dryas-Early Holocene pollen in sediments of Paisley Cave 2, south-central Oregon. Palynology, 42(2), pp.168-179.https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2017.1319883Beck, C.W., Bryant, V.M. and Jenkins, D.L., 2020. Comparison of Neotoma (packrat) feces to associated sediments from Paisley Caves, Oregon, USA. Palynology, 44(4), pp.723-741.https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2019.1702118
BEAUTY Neotoma2667846730Beauty Lake-109.57201544.968560Western North America2878RawLake32AWI-0.05115.014Alpine lake in the Beartooth Mountain Range. The watershed contains sparse, alpine vegetation, and shallow soils with much exposed bedrock. Taller vegetation is largely in topographic depressions.Spaulding, S.A., Stone, J.R., Norton, S.A., Nurse, A. and Saros, J.E., 2019. Paleoenvironmental context for the Late Pleistocene appearance of Didymosphenia in a North American alpine lake. Aquatic Sciences, 82(1), pp.1-15.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-019-0681-9
MICA08 Neotoma1387946803Mica Lake-148.14344060.686945Western North America100RawLake70AWI-0.03410.244Lake located on Culross Island in western Prince William Sound. Upland vegetation is coastal spruce-hemlock forest, dominated by Picea sitchensis and Tsuga mertensiana, T. heterophylla, and Chamaecyparis nootkatensis. Common shrubs include Alnus sinuata, Vaccinium ovalifolium, Menziesia ferruginea, Oplopanax horridus, Cladothamnus pyrolaeflorus, Sorbus sitchensis, Rubus spectabilis, and Sambucus racemosa.Anderson, R.S., Kaufman, D.S., Berg, E., Schiff, C. and Daigle, T., 2017. Holocene biogeography of Tsuga mertensiana and other conifers in the Kenai Mountains and Prince William Sound, south-central Alaska. The Holocene, 27(4), pp.485-495.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683616670217
SB-51B Neotoma2698947506Seal Beach wetland-118.08354033.739170Western North America1RawMarsh16AWI-0.0551.910Salt marsh in the Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge. Surrounding vegetation: Spartina alterniflora, Sarcocornia pacifica, Jancus gerardii, and Monanthochloe littoralis.Balmaki, B., Wigand, P.E., Frontalini, F., Shaw, T.A., Avnaim-Katav, S. and Rostami, M.A., 2019. Late Holocene paleoenvironmental changes in the Seal Beach wetland (California, USA): A micropaleontological perspective. Quaternary International, 530, pp.14-24.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2019.10.012
NUNAL15 Neotoma2699447535Nunalleq-161.84459559.720390Western North America8RawArchaeological39AWI-0.0070.470The Nunalleq archaeological site is located in the Yukon-Kuskokwim delta, approximately 5 km south of the village of Quinhagak. The topography of the region is characterised by flat, low-lying treeless tundra dissected by rivers and dotted with small to medium sized lakes and ponds. The sampling location is located approximately 30 m east of the archaeological site. Surrounding vegetation: dwarf shrub lichen sphagnum permafrost plateau and undulating dwarf shrub tussock tundra. The shrub flora is dominated by Rubus chamaemorus, Betula nana, Empetrum nigrum, and Ledum palustre. Eriophorum angustifolium, Luzula, Hierochloe, and Festuca are common within the herbaceous component.Ledger, P.M., 2018. Are circumpolar hunter-gatherers visible in the palaeoenvironmental record? Pollen-analytical evidence from Nunalleq, southwestern Alaska. The Holocene, 28(3), pp.415-426.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683617729447
CHICKREE Neotoma2702847610Chickaree Lake-105.84109540.334125Western North America2796RawLake67AWI-0.0606.052Small, deep lake with no perennial streams feeding or draining the lake. Surrounded by even-aged stand of Pinus contorta. Subdominant trees include Picea engelmannii and Abies bifolia.Dunnette, P.V., Higuera, P.E., McLauchlan, K.K., Derr, K.M., Briles, C.E. and Keefe, M.H., 2014. Biogeochemical impacts of wildfires over four millennia in a R ocky M ountain subalpine watershed. New Phytologist, 203(3), pp.900-912.https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12828Chileen, B.V., 2019. Vegetation response to wildfire and climate forcing in a Rocky Mountain lodgepole pine forest over the past 2,500 years. Master's thesis. Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
PEARSONS Neotoma2702947621Pearson's Pond-122.25656537.352695Western North America365RawLake49AWI-0.0293.769Small pond formed by the Weeks Creek landslide. The pond is just below several slump blocks near the head of the slide. Vegetation around the pond is mainly grassland, but steep slopes support chaparral, and redwood and mixed evergreen forests occur along stream courses.Adam, D.P., 1975. A late Holocene pollen record from Pearson's Pond, Weeks Creek Landslide, San Francisco Peninsula, California. Journal of Research of the US Geological Survey, 3(6), pp.721-731.https://doi.org/10.3133/70007411
SWAN1962 Neotoma2708447687Swan Lake-111.99205042.294395Western North America1450RawLake44AWI-0.01413.897Swan Lake, a seasonal shallow pond, lies in Red Rock Pass at the north end of Cache Valley in the outlet area of pluvial Lake Bonneville. It was isolated from Lake Bonneville when it receded from the Provo level. Vegetation in the valley is Artemisia steppe with A. tridentata, Sarcobatus vermiculatus, Atriplix confertifolia, Ericameria spp., Suaeda spp., Salicornia rubra, Purshia tridentata, and Poaceae. Juniperus woodland and conifer forest occur at higher elevations in the mountains on either side of the valley. A dense stand of Typha latifolia, Scirpus/Schoenoplectus, and Sparganium fringes the pond.Bright, R.C., 1966. Pollen and seed stratigraphy of Swan Lake, southeastern Idaho: Its relation to regional vegetational history and to Lake Bonneville history. Tebiwa, The Journal of the Idaho State University Museum, 9(2), pp.1-47.
SIL-04 Neotoma2719248361Sunken Island Lake-150.88623060.593020Western North America76RawLake59AWI-0.05814.367Kettle lake with two basins (northeast and southwest) separated by a low island that disappears with higher lake levels. A smaller sub-basin lies south of the island. The lake is formed in ice-marginal sands associated with the Moosehorn stadial moraine. It lies in the Kenai lowlands with post-fire successional forest dominated by Betula kenaica, Picea mariana, P. glauca, and Populus tremuloides. Additional trees and shrubs include Alnus viridis subsp. crispa, Populus trichocarpa, Sambucus racemosa, Rosa acicularis, Viburnum edule, Linnaea borealis, Rubus sp., Echinopanax horridum, Ribes sp., and Rhododendron tomentosum. Plants in moist areas around the lake include Salix sp., Myrica gale, Menziesia ferruginea, Spiraea beauverdiana, Betula nana, Streptopus amplexifolius, Lycopodium sp., Equisetum silvaticum, and E. arvense.Anderson, R.S., Berg, E., Williams, C. and Clark, T., 2019. Postglacial vegetation community change over an elevational gradient on the western Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: pollen records from Sunken Island and Choquette Lakes. Journal of Quaternary Science, 34(4-5), pp.309-322.https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3102
CL-06 Neotoma2719348363Choquette Lake-151.11058059.945175Western North America517RawLake59AWI-0.05211.916Lake lies on the southwest flank of the Caribou Hills. It is drained by fens on both ends. Much of the surrounding Caribou Hills is at or above treeline. Surrounding vegetation is opoen fens and sub-shrubland, including Betula nana, B. glandulosa, Salix arctica, Andromeda polifolia, Empetrum nigrum, Rubus chamaemorus and R. arctica, Vaccinium uliginosum, Pyrola asarifolia, Ledum palustre, Oxycoccus microcarpus and Spiraea beauverdiana. Immediately around the lake, Salix barclayi dominates. Picea glauca trees grew around Choquette Lake, but virtually all are now dead, killed by a recent spruce beetle (Dendroctonus) infestation.Anderson, R.S., Berg, E., Williams, C. and Clark, T., 2019. Postglacial vegetation community change over an elevational gradient on the western Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: pollen records from Sunken Island and Choquette Lakes. Journal of Quaternary Science, 34(4-5), pp.309-322.https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3102
WAWONA Neotoma2720548549Wawona Meadow-119.64539037.528580Western North America1275RawPeat20AWI-0.0280.657Site is a large northwest-southeast trending sedge meadow, located in the lower montane vegetation zone with Pinus ponderosa, Calocedrus decurrens, Pinus lambertiana, Abies concolor, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Quercus kelloggii and Cornus nuttallii. Meadow is dominated by Carex senta and C. nebraskensis, with Juncus nevadensis, J. mexicanus, Glyceria striata, and Agrostis. Willow shrubland occurs near the corring site, dominated by Salix lasiolepis, S. laegivata, S. lucida, and S. lemmonii. Pools contain Typha latifolia. Meadow drops from ~1280 m at SE end to ~1250 m at NW end.Anderson, R.S. and Stillick Jr, R.D., 2013. 800 years of vegetation change, fire and human settlement in the Sierra Nevada of California, USA. The Holocene, 23(6), pp.823-832.https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683612471985
MOR Neotoma2721248616Morkill Lake-120.65227953.606556Western North America780RawLake37AWI-0.01110.749The immediate surroundings are flat and support Picea mariana bogs. The forest is composed of Picea engelmannii and Picea mariana, with Pinus contorta and few Pseudotsuga menziesii and Tsuga heterophylla. Shrubs include Betula sppand Ledum groenlandicum. The lake is ringed with a thick sphagnum layer. Water-edge and aquatic species noted include Menyanthes trifoliata, Nuphar polysepalum, Potamogeton spp. and Drosera rotundifolia.Gavin, D.G., White, A., Sanborn, P.T. and Hebda, R.J., 2020. Deglacial landforms and Holocene vegetation trajectories in the northern interior cedar-hemlock forests of British Columbia. In: Untangling the Quaternary Period: A Legacy of Stephen C. Porter. ed by R.B. Waitt, G.D. Thackray, and A.R. Gillespie (pp.1-20). Geological Society of America.https://doi.org/10.1130/2020.2548(05)
FloatingIsland_neotoma Neotoma81170001Floating Island Lake-107.46666744.550000Western North America2609RawLake89AWI-0.01412.464Kettle lake with floating sedge mat. Physiography: Bighorn Mountains. Surrounding vegetation: lodgepole pine forest.Burkart, M.R., 1976. Pollen biostratigraphy and late Quaternary vegetation history of the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming. Doctoral dissertation. University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.