Citation:

PANGAEA.932132

Name: Mesocosm experiment on effects of increased CO2 concentration on nutrient limited coastal summer plankton: Microzooplankton abundance
Published: 2021-06-02
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Baltic Sea; ciliates; Dinoflagellates; global warming; mesocosm; Ocean acidification

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Abstract:

Aquatic ecosystems face a multitude of environmental stressors, including warming and acidification. While warming is expected to have a pronounced effect on plankton communities, many components of the plankton seem fairly robust towards realistic end-of-century acidification conditions. However, interactions of the two stressors and the inclusion of further factors such as nutrient concentration and trophic interactions are expected to change this outcome. We investigated the effects of warming and high CO2 on a nutrient-deplete late summer plankton community from the Kiel Fjord, Baltic Sea, using a mesocosm setup crossing two temperatures with a gradient of CO2. Phytoplankton and microzooplankton (MZP) growth rates as well as biomass, taxonomic composition, and grazing rates of MZP were analysed. We observed effects of high CO2, warming, and their interactions on all measured parameters. The occurrence and direction of the effects were dependent on the phytoplankton or MZP community composition. In addition, the abundance of small-sized phytoplankton was identified as one of the most important factors in shaping the MZP community composition. Overall, our results indicate that an estuarine MZP community used to strong natural fluctuations in CO2 can still be affected by a moderate increase in CO2 if it occurs in combination with warming and during a nutrient-deplete post-bloom situation. This highlights the importance of including trophic interactions and seasonality aspects when assessing climate change effects on marine zooplankton communities.

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea; ciliates; Dinoflagellates; global warming; mesocosm; Ocean acidification

Supplement to:

Horn, Henriette G; Boersma, Maarten; Garzke, Jessica; Sommer, Ulrich; Aberle, Nicole (2020): High CO2 and warming affect microzooplankton food web dynamics in a Baltic Sea summer plankton community. Marine Biology, 167(5), https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-020-03683-0

Related to:

Paul, Allanah Joy; Sommer, Ulrich (2018): Indoor mesocosm experiment 2013 on effects of increased CO2 concentration on nutrient limited coastal summer plankton: Phytoplankton biomass. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.889314

Paul, Carolin; Sommer, Ulrich; Garzke, Jessica; Moustaka-Gouni, Maria; Paul, Allanah Joy; Matthiessen, Birte (2015): Effects of increased CO2 concentration on nutrient limited coastal summer plankton depend on temperature. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.848402

Project(s):

Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification (BIOACID)

Coverage:

Date/Time Start: 2013-08-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2013-09-13T00:00:00

Comment:

22.5 °C = warm treatment

16.5 °C = cold treatment

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Horn, Henriette G	Geocode
2	Day of experiment	DOE	day	Horn, Henriette G
3	Mesocosm label	Meso label		Horn, Henriette G
4	Treatment	Treat		Horn, Henriette G	Temperature
5	Treatment	Treat		Horn, Henriette G	target pCO2 value
6	Strombidium spp.	Strombidium spp.	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Strombidium spp. <30 µm
7	Strombidium sp.	Strombidium sp.	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Strombidium sp. >30 µm
8	Strobilidium spp.	Strobilidium spp.	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Strobilidium spp. <30 µm
9	Strobilidium sp.	Strobilidium sp.	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Strobilidium sp. >30 µm
10	Lohmaniella oviformis	L. oviformis	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Lohmaniella oviformis
11	Balanion comatum	B. comatum	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Balanion comatum
12	Myrionecta rubra	M. rubra	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Myrionecta rubra
13	Ciliates, loricate	Ciliates loricate	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	loricate ciliates
14	Euplotes sp.	Euplotes sp.	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Euplotes sp. <30 µm
15	Euplotes sp.	Euplotes sp.	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Euplotes sp. >30 µm
16	Suctoria	Suctoria	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Suctoria
17	Ciliates, other	Ciliates oth	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	rare ciliates
18	Prorocentrum micans	P. micans	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Prorocentrum micans
19	Prorocentrum minimum	P. minimum	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Prorocentrum minimum
20	Dinophysis sp.	Dinophysis sp.	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	Dinophysis sp.
21	Dinoflagellates, thecate	Dinofl thecate	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	thecate dinoflagellates <30 µm
22	Dinoflagellates, thecate	Dinofl thecate	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	thecate dinoflagellates >30 µm
23	Dinoflagellates, athecate	Dinofl athecate	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	athecate dinoflagellates <30 µm
24	Dinoflagellates, athecate	Dinofl athecate	#/l	Horn, Henriette G	athecate dinoflagellates >30 µm

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1656 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 DOE [day]	3 Meso label	4 Treat (Temperature)	5 Treat (target pCO2 value)	6 Strombidium spp. [#/l] (Strombidium spp. <30 µm)	7 Strombidium sp. [#/l] (Strombidium sp. >30 µm)	8 Strobilidium spp. [#/l] (Strobilidium spp. <30 µm)	9 Strobilidium sp. [#/l] (Strobilidium sp. >30 µm)	10 L. oviformis [#/l] (Lohmaniella oviformis)	11 B. comatum [#/l] (Balanion comatum)	12 M. rubra [#/l] (Myrionecta rubra)	13 Ciliates loricate [#/l] (loricate ciliates)	14 Euplotes sp. [#/l] (Euplotes sp. <30 µm)	15 Euplotes sp. [#/l] (Euplotes sp. >30 µm)	16 Suctoria [#/l] (Suctoria)	17 Ciliates oth [#/l] (rare ciliates)	18 P. micans [#/l] (Prorocentrum micans)	19 P. minimum [#/l] (Prorocentrum minimum)	20 Dinophysis sp. [#/l] (Dinophysis sp.)	21 Dinofl thecate [#/l] (thecate dinoflagellates <30 µm)	22 Dinofl thecate [#/l] (thecate dinoflagellates >30 µm)	23 Dinofl athecate [#/l] (athecate dinoflagellates <30 µm)	24 Dinofl athecate [#/l] (athecate dinoflagellates >30 µm)
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M1	warm	2500	7904	6760	1144	2912	0	0	19032	416	156	0	0	0	7228	3900	260	0	0	104	0
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M1	warm	2500	560	0	500	0	0	320	0	20	0	0	0	760	100	340	0	240	0	0	0
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M1	warm	2500	0	0	14020	20	160	160	0	0	0	0	40	80	0	0	0	160	0	0	0
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M1	warm	2500	0	5060	0	0	200	0	0	0	0	20	0	180	40	0	0	40	20	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M1	warm	2500	30	0	130	0	0	20	0	0	0	30	10	10	30	0	0	130	10	480	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M1	warm	2500	0	0	45800	0	2740	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	0	0
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M2	warm	1500	9960	0	581	0	0	23157	249	166	0	0	0	1494	4980	1245	166	166	249	0	0
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M2	warm	1500	240	0	380	0	60	380	40	20	0	0	0	200	280	420	0	300	40	0	0
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M2	warm	1500	80	0	17280	0	120	80	0	0	0	40	0	240	40	20	0	0	20	20	120
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M2	warm	1500	20	0	2940	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	40	0	0	180	0	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M2	warm	1500	0	170	70	0	0	30	0	0	0	30	40	0	20	0	0	20	10	60	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M2	warm	1500	60	0	8010	0	500	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	160	40	0	10
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M3	warm	500	5063	166	27971	0	0	6723	249	0	0	0	0	83	6806	1411	166	581	0	0	0
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M3	warm	500	1120	0	1780	0	40	1040	80	0	0	0	0	700	1320	760	0	480	120	0	0
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M3	warm	500	0	0	23980	0	300	240	0	20	0	0	340	20	60	0	0	100	0	60	0
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M3	warm	500	520	120	0	0	100	180	0	0	0	20	160	140	40	0	0	60	0	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M3	warm	500	10	0	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	30	0	0	60	20	80	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M3	warm	500	90	0	6180	0	980	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	10	420	0
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M4	warm	2000	13416	0	1248	104	0	33384	416	0	0	0	0	3432	7800	1248	104	1144	104	1248	0
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M4	warm	2000	600	0	2480	0	0	320	180	0	0	0	0	460	200	460	0	80	0	0	0
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M4	warm	2000	80	0	3000	0	20	180	40	0	0	0	20	220	80	0	0	100	20	0	0
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M4	warm	2000	240	0	140	0	0	360	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	20	20	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M4	warm	2000	0	150	90	0	0	10	0	0	0	70	0	0	10	0	0	60	20	10	10
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M4	warm	2000	0	0	4870	0	560	0	0	0	0	50	0	0	10	0	0	60	10	230	10
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M5	warm	1000	14628	276	0	0	0	50370	552	138	0	0	0	4002	10764	1380	0	966	0	0	0
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M5	warm	1000	1060	20	20	0	0	740	160	60	0	0	0	220	900	820	0	480	40	40	0
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M5	warm	1000	0	0	2920	0	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	0	0	320	0	0	20
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M5	warm	1000	0	0	4940	0	100	580	0	0	0	40	20	0	20	0	0	140	40	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M5	warm	1000	10	0	240	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	20	10	50	0	0	70	10	140	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M5	warm	1000	40	0	2360	0	230	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	140	60	1210	90
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M6	warm	3000	6348	0	0	0	0	34362	138	138	0	0	0	1518	3726	1242	0	690	0	0	0
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M6	warm	3000	220	0	200	0	0	460	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	260	0	180	0	40	0
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M6	warm	3000	0	0	2820	0	20	140	0	0	0	100	0	120	40	0	0	80	80	0	0
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M6	warm	3000	40	40	5800	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	200	200	40	0	0	20	0	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M6	warm	3000	60	0	3440	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	50	0	0	0	0	70	10	270	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M6	warm	3000	20	0	25000	0	1240	0	0	0	0	20	20	40	0	0	0	640	20	3540	660
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M7	cold	1000	3312	9246	0	0	0	28428	414	276	0	0	0	17664	5934	828	138	4278	138	0	552
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M7	cold	1000	8800	3080	1800	0	0	5880	680	40	0	0	0	880	1520	680	0	840	0	0	0
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M7	cold	1000	560	0	40	0	0	260	20	0	0	0	20	20	0	60	0	340	20	0	0
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M7	cold	1000	780	0	0	0	0	17340	0	0	0	0	8940	0	60	0	0	60	0	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M7	cold	1000	550	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	10	40	0	10	20	10	0	110	30	160	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M7	cold	1000	480	20	50	0	0	170	0	0	0	0	0	200	20	0	0	60	10	690	220
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M8	cold	2500	10212	3588	276	0	0	22908	276	0	0	0	0	10350	8694	690	276	2484	0	0	138
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M8	cold	2500	1800	0	800	0	0	2520	120	40	0	0	0	1100	1640	980	0	860	80	0	320
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M8	cold	2500	20	0	0	0	20	6260	0	0	0	0	40	0	0	20	0	80	20	0	0
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M8	cold	2500	76	0	76	0	0	30552	0	0	0	0	0	6460	152	0	0	1064	0	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M8	cold	2500	150	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	60	0	0	10	0	0	40	40	170	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M8	cold	2500	3240	230	290	0	0	100	0	0	10	80	0	0	0	0	0	30	40	100	20
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M9	cold	3000	9798	690	828	0	0	43194	552	552	0	0	0	14076	6210	1656	276	4278	138	0	414
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M9	cold	3000	3980	140	1820	40	0	4140	60	20	0	0	0	380	860	900	0	940	60	0	160
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M9	cold	3000	80	0	0	0	0	2880	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	160	0	60	40	0	20
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M9	cold	3000	0	140	0	0	0	29680	0	0	0	70	0	70	0	0	0	1190	70	420	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M9	cold	3000	550	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	280	0	710	10	0	0	30	10	150	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M9	cold	3000	2980	50	10	0	0	0	0	0	50	110	0	0	10	0	0	30	10	1670	130
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M10	cold	500	12972	0	690	138	0	31464	552	138	0	0	0	11454	4968	276	138	5658	276	0	0
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M10	cold	500	2800	580	1800	20	0	1740	140	20	0	0	0	1060	620	260	0	1000	20	0	140
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M10	cold	500	1380	0	0	0	0	840	0	0	20	0	0	0	20	120	0	0	60	0	0
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M10	cold	500	2040	0	0	0	0	2200	80	0	0	0	0	200	20	40	0	20	0	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M10	cold	500	1060	50	30	240	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	50	20	0	0	20	0	30	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M10	cold	500	4220	120	530	540	0	0	0	0	80	70	20	60	30	0	0	20	30	40	10
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M11	cold	1500	2208	138	690	0	0	30774	828	138	0	0	0	8556	4416	828	138	4692	0	0	0
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M11	cold	1500	360	0	620	20	0	540	80	60	0	0	0	500	140	640	0	600	0	160	0
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M11	cold	1500	60	320	0	0	0	1940	0	0	0	20	0	0	40	380	0	340	0	160	120
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M11	cold	1500	1120	2440	0	0	440	0	20	0	0	40	0	340	60	100	0	20	40	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M11	cold	1500	140	120	1080	10	70	0	0	0	20	50	50	80	80	0	0	100	40	870	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M11	cold	1500	20	110	170	0	0	0	0	0	10	40	0	100	0	0	0	60	10	250	30
2013-08-16T00:00:00	0	M12	cold	2000	6072	0	138	0	0	17112	276	138	0	0	0	7590	7038	138	276	3036	0	0	0
2013-08-19T00:00:00	3	M12	cold	2000	580	80	80	0	0	600	0	20	0	0	0	420	1020	540	20	860	100	0	20
2013-08-26T00:00:00	10	M12	cold	2000	20	0	40	0	0	2180	0	0	0	20	0	40	20	140	0	440	20	0	40
2013-08-30T00:00:00	14	M12	cold	2000	20	60	0	0	0	4660	0	0	0	0	0	540	60	20	0	40	0	0	0
2013-09-06T00:00:00	21	M12	cold	2000	30	380	20	0	0	0	0	20	20	140	0	0	110	0	0	80	20	60	0
2013-09-13T00:00:00	28	M12	cold	2000	10	60	20	0	0	0	0	0	10	20	60	0	0	0	0	20	0	60	10